Integrating New Technologies & Design. RFID: technologies, applications, future

Transcription

1 Integrating New Technologies & Design RFID: technologies, applications, future Future Technology Center Jan Steven Schilthuizen 1

2 Contents presentation RFID 10 Connective technologies Tracking & tracing What is RFID? Frequencies RFID-tags Silicon RFID Printed RFID Polymer RFID Nano RFID Costs of RFID RFID-roadmap RFID-readers Sensors Applications Options and challenges Discussion / questions Future Technology Center Jan

3 10 connective technologies institute for the future 18 Oct

4 What is RFID. R(adio) F(requency) ID(entification) ~~~~ radio waves RFID is contactless / wireless RFID is ranked among the top 10 of dominant future technologies RFID has also limitations Future Technology Center Jan

5 Technology components of RFID. RFID-tags: IC/ μ-processor+antenna+packaging RFID-reader: antenna+coupler+μc Software: Embedded protocol handling in reader Data management and connection RFID-system to ERP and other software Future Technology Center Jan

6 Working principle RFID Working principle RFID Interface to host computer (RS485, RS232/422, ethernet, , etc) tag ID: B9.23AE1F.345C4D012 RFID reader B9.23AE1F.345C4D012 Future Technology Center Jan

7 RFID is based on radio waves Physical description of a rf-wave Future Technology Center Jan

8 Spectrum of the (Radio) Waves Band Frequencies RF(ID) Technology name Used Frequencies VLF 3~30 khz (EM - EAS electro magnetic) 2-4 khz LF 30~300 khz (First RFID Proximity Standard) khz HF 3~30 Mhz (RF-EAS / ISO RFID Range) 8.2 / Mhz UHF 300~3000 Mhz (UHF / EPC RFID Range) 330 / Mhz SHF 3~60 Ghz Wireless LAN and Telecom (micro, radar waves) Future Technology Center Jan

9 Passive vs active RFID-tags ATTRIBUTE PASSIVE ACTIVE Power Inductive Battery Frequency LF (125 KHz), HF (13.56 MHz), UHF ( MHz), Microwave (2.4 GHz) HF (303, 433 MHz), Microwave (2.4 GHz) Read Distance < 1 m ~ 2 to 500 m Memory Life Cost 128 bits 32 kbits Unlimited ~ $0.15 to $10 64 bites -? 2 to 7 years $10 to $20 Future Technology Center Jan

10 Barcode vs RFID-tags Barcodes RFID / EPC + Low Cost Broad Utilization Human Readable Integrated in printed mat. No Line of Sight Large Memory Data Moves with Product / Asset Dynamic Data Reads - Data Transfer Requires Line of Sight Data Storage is Limited Environmentally Sensitive Higher Costs Read Sensitive to Product Attributes (metal, H2O) Limited Adoption Future Technology Center Jan

11 RFID-TAGS Smart CARDS (13.56 MHz) CAR KEY TAGS / HARD TAGS GLASS TAGS (125 KHz) Future Technology Center Jan

12 RFID-TAGS Silicon RFID -tags Silicon chip (IC or μc): thickness 120 μm- 500 μm Tag: IC-antenna-polymer carrier-packaging MHz- UHF-2.45 GHZ RO and RW IC s Al, Cu and screen/rotoprinted antennas Price level too high for most primary packaging ( EUR) Future Technology Center Jan

13 RFID-TAGS Chip-antenna connection + antenna: Expensive Vulnerable (P, T) Bonding necessary Solutions: Coil on chip: rf-link to label antenna (Microsensys) Use chipmodules Develop new bonding materials and methods Flexible Si-chip with integrated antennas (Philips) Microsensys Philips Future Technology Center Jan

14 UHF RFID-labels Frequency MHz up to 2.45 GHz. Some companies use two antenna lines connected to UHF IC, creating by this a di-pole antenna Some use other shapes for better performance Future Technology Center Jan

15 Examples UHF RFID-labels Future Technology Center Jan

16 RFID-labels, TNO competence TNO models and designs various RF-antennas for RFIDtags (13.56 MHz, UHF, 2.45 GHz), reader and detection systems We use other shapes for better performance We improve chip-antenna connections We use other materials (Cu, Al, conductive inks and polymers etc.) We integrate antennas in labels, products (clothing, sails) etc. We will start developing all polymer RFID-tag Future Technology Center Jan

17 RFID-labels, UHF-antennas and Mhz labels (design&protoyping TNO) Future Technology Center Jan

18 RFID-TAGS, standards ISO ISO A/B ISO (13.56 MHz-UHF) See Future Technology Center Jan

19 RFID-TAGS EAS-tags Anti-theft tags RF or magnetic Al or other metals Low costs: 0.01 EUR Options to use as sensor or authenticity tag Future Technology Center Jan

20 RFID-TAGS Printed RFID-tags Antenna: ink filled with silver parts RF-parts: connection pads, capacitor element Printed EAS/authenticity tags Printed fuse in EAS-tag Printed EAS-tag (TNO) UHF RFID-tag MHZ RFID-tag Future Technology Center Jan

21 RFID-TAGS Polymer / plastic RFID-tags Replace silicon with polymer logic circuitry Basic elements are: FET, antenna, rectifier Use inkjet and/or lithographic technology Integrate tags in printed labels/packaging Ultra low cost tags Photo Philips Plastic wafer Future Technology Center Jan

22 RFID-TAGS Polymer / plastic RFID-tags Focus at: production technology, accuracy of FETs, antenna/rectifier (speed) Integration of low cost polymer sensor possible All-Polymer Field-Effect Transistor source source gate insulator + + semiconductor substrate drain Future Technology Center Jan

23 RFID-TAGS Polymer / plastic RFID-tags Focus at upgrading operating frequency: KHz. Aim at MHz for first prototypes. Future Technology Center Jan

24 RFID-TAGS Nano and molecular RFID Molecular FETs to make molecular logic circuitry Use of nanoparticles (CNT- FET) for logic and nanowires Smaller and cheaper than CMOS chips Future Technology Center Jan

25 RFID-TAGS SMART DUST Micro/nano devices Integrated MEMS+ID+power+rf antenna Future Technology Center Jan

26 Passive RFID-tags roadmap Cost/size reduction Hitachi 0.4 mm 2.45 GHz tag MHz passive tag 868 Mhz-2.45 GHz UHF passive tag POLYMER FET gate insulator + + semiconductor source drain source substrate Hybrid Sipolymer tag All Plastic MHz tag Smart Dust (ID+sensor+pos+power+rf) Nano/Molecular electronics Data rate 125 Khz MHz UHF-tag 868 MHz 2.45 GHz Frequency Future Technology Center Jan

27 Costs of RFID Future Technology Center Jan

28 Silicon RFID vs Plastic RFID Future Technology Center Jan

29 RFID READERS Fixed: Gate readers Industrial readers on forklift trucks, transport lines Handheld: Mobile scanner/pda PDA with RFID-card reader module Mobile phone? SAMsys Dialoc ID Future Technology Center Jan

30 RFID READERS Basic construction Antenna, amplifier, coupler, μc, battery, user-interface RFID-reader coupler (μc/pic/fpga) interface /UHF Antenna Protocol Management + RF interface Future Technology Center Jan

31 RFID READERS, FUTURE RFID coupler chipset in mobile phones: R2R, R to Tag (for payment, access control, info etc.) Credit card sized microreaders for consumers with display, battery RFID -tag Future Technology Center Jan

32 POLYLED (RF)ID-card Fine maskpattern in polyled Optical cardreader and/or RFID-reader Store biometric info also in IC Supply power to polyled via reader Integration biometric data: fingeprint, irisscopic, facial etc. Future Technology Center Jan

33 SENSORS Optical RF Acoustic Passive vs active Integration in packaging to monitor: T Humidity B/C influences Tampering Future Technology Center Jan

34 Conductive and active polymers for sensors Senstenna All plastic optical sensor RF-antenna with reactive polymer parts POLYLEDs Future Technology Center Jan

35 BIOSWITCH SENSORS Bioswitch sensor for B/C detection in materials/packaging Nanosensor with protective/reactive coating (RF or optical reading) Nanosensor B/C element Future Technology Center Jan

36 RF antenna sensor, wireless reading RF antenna resonator sensor with reactive nanotubes or reactive dielectric substrates: autonomous condition sensor also possible: B/C sensor, RF wireless DNA -array for food, health care etc. Future Technology Center Jan

37 RFID APPLICATIONS Services: Loyalty and membership cards Payment (with car, at vending machines, automatic cash machines etc.) Library Safety & security: Access control, passports Identification of soldiers, military equipment Logistics: Supply chain management of returnable transit items (pallets, kegs, containers) Wharehouse control Automatic ID of products Production of hardware / components: Tagging of products under manufacturing or assembling (smart factory) Wharehousing Service supply / maintenance Future Technology Center Jan

38 RFID APPLICATIONS Retail: Pricing / automatic payment Individual item tagging of food, pharma packaging, FMCG (EPCcoding vs EAN-barcode) Smart shelf EAS and authenticity tagging Liability, traceability Info supply to consumer Clothing: EAS Find right size, colour etc Find matching clothing Pharma/ healthcare: ID, traceability, authenticity of pharmaceuticals ID-tagging of blood bags Diagnostic packaging. Future Technology Center Jan

39 RFID APPLICATIONS: HEALTH Diagnostic and talking packaging: electronics to give info to consumer + feedback on dosis/use/need for medication Future Technology Center Jan

40 RFID APPLICATIONS: HEALTH Blisters and dispensers with RFID tag or capacitor system Containers with RFID tag Personal Medical RFID card with prescription RFID-tagging of pharmaceuticals Future Technology Center Jan

41 RFID APPLICATIONS: LOGISTICS Inmoulded RFID-tags in plastic crates/trays Main Goal t Development of integration method for RFIDtags in injection moulded and blowmoulded packaging and development of read/write system Future Technology Center Jan

42 RFID APPLICATIONS: LOGISTICS Inmoulded RFID-tags in plastic crates/trays/drums/pallets Future Technology Center Jan

43 RFID APPLICATIONS: LOGISTICS Inmoulded magnetic or polymer RFID-tag in mineral water PET-bottle Future Technology Center Jan

44 RFID APPLICATIONS: LOGISTICS RFID-tagging of transport packaging, boxes, bags Future Technology Center Jan

45 RFID APPLICATIONS: RETAIL Printed EAS or authenticity tags on expensive goods (anticounterfeit) Future Technology Center Jan

46 RFID APPLICATIONS: RETAIL Payment (via EPC) EAS, tr&tr info for consumer, smart shelf (for pricing, info, inventory control) Future Technology Center Jan

47 RFID APPLICATIONS: RETAIL Anti-allergic or anti-obesity indicator tag on packaging (scan with handheld pen in supermarket) Future Technology Center Jan

48 RFID APPLICATIONS: SAFETY & SECURITY Identification, access control, passports Future Technology Center Jan

49 RFID APPLICATIONS: SERVICES Payment, library, loyalty cards Future Technology Center Jan

50 RFID APPLICATIONS: PRODUCTION Identification of parts in automotive, aerospace, electronics production, professional equipment Identec /VW Future Technology Center Jan

51 RFID APPLICATIONS: CLOTHING Identification, EAS, find right size, colour, matching clothing, dressing up Prada store NY Future Technology Center Jan

52 RFID: OPTIONS, CHALLENGES OPTIONS CHALLENGES Tag every product/item Combine RFID+sensor Supply info via tag and web Improve efficiency Improve quality &safety Develop new services Integrate in printed materials Reduce costs Privacy aspects of tagging Readability, long distance reading Multiple tag reading > 500 t/s Printable plastic tags Memory capacity chips Universal protocols and frequencies Positioning with RFID-tags Future Technology Center Jan

53 Thank you for your attention! Future Technology Center TNO Science & Industry Future Technology Center Jan