Current status on biorefineries in Denmark. Henning Jørgensen Danish Centre for Forest, Landscape and Planning University of Copenhagen

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1 Current status on biorefineries in Denmark Henning Jørgensen Danish Centre for Forest, Landscape and Planning University of Copenhagen

2 Energy from biomass in Denmark Energy production [TJ] Wood waste Wood pellets Round wood Wood chips straw 74 % imported 10 % imported Year Energy from domestically produced and imported biomass At present biomass covers 7-8 % of total energy consumption in Denmark Biomass used for heat and power production

3 Use of biomass for heat and power 100% 80% 60% 40% Other District heating Decentralized CHP Centralized CHP 20% 0% Straw Wood Chips Wood Pellets 96 % of wood chips, 75 % of straw and 50 % of wood pellets used for heat and power production in large facilities

4 Biomass for CHP Avedøre 2 CHP plant Copenhagen Production: 570 MW electricity 570 MW district heating E2 Dong Energy Worlds largest straw fired boiler 25 tonnes per hour Yearly consumption 300,000 tonnes wood pellets 150,000 tonnes straw Pellets produced on own pellets factory

5 Danish Biomass Action Plan Political decision has forced Danish power plants to use biomass for production of power and heat (Danish Biomass Action Plan 1993) The goal was by mio. tonnes of straw 0.2 mio. tonnes of wood chips Present use 1.4 mio. tonnes of straw (potentially 2.0 mio tonnes) 2.3 mio. tonnes of wood (incl. privat house holds)

6 New Danish energy plan 2025 Renewable energy to cover 30 % of energy in 2025 = 2- fold of present Renewable biofuels for the transportation sector 10 % in 2020 Full scale demonstration plant for 2nd generation biofuel ready in 2010 Energy development and demonstration program in total 25 mio. dedicated for 2nd generation biofuel No large chemical industry in Denmark and at present no initiatives for promoting production of chemicals and materials from renewables

7 Research institutions KU (University of Copenhagen, incl. Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University) Biomass production, harvesting and logistics, plant biotechnology, conversion technologies, enzymatic hydrolysis, LCA DTU (Technical University of Denmark) Conversion technologies, enzymes, hydrolysis, fermentation processes and microorganisms, biogas production, LCA Risø National Laboratory (now part of DTU) Conversion technologies, enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, LCA SDU (University of Southern Denmark) Biogas production AU (University of Aarhus, incl. Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences) Biomass production and plant biotechnology

8 Major industries related to the area DONG Energy (IBUS process)/enbicon Power and energy production, oil and gas production, development of technologies for 2nd generation biofuels, pilot plant for 2nd generation biofuels, planning full scale (demonstration) plant Novozymes Enzymes Genencor/Danisco Enzymes, sugar from beet, food ingredients Biogasol (Maxifuel process) Development of technologies for 2nd generation biofuel, biogas, hydrogen, anaerobic thermophilic bacteria, pilot plant for Maxifuel process, planning demonstration plant

9 Industries related to the area Haldor Topsoe/Haldor Topsoe Fuel Cells Catalysts, gasoline from syngas (TIGAS), fuel cells Statoil Oil producer and oil refining in Denmark, only distributor of ethanol containing gasoline in Denmark Emmelev Mølle Biodiesel, glycerol and feed production from rape seed Agroferm Production of lysine by fermentation of green juices Exergi Construction of biogas systems Solum Group Biogas systems, compost systems, soil treatment

10 Overview of players and interaction Primary production KU AU Animal production Plant production Biogas Bioethanol/biodiesel Heat and power AU DTU/Risø SDU Fibers Fats KU DTU Lignin/fibers KU Risø Biogasol Solum NIRAS Bioscan Xergi Novozymes Statoil Danisco/Genencor Haldor Topsoe Biogasol DONG Energy Emmelev DONG Energy Haldor Topsoe

11 Projects/Fundings National fundings smaller projects (<1 mio ) projects covering biomass for bioenergy, conversion technologies and waste to energy Total 3 mio National fundings larger projects High Technology Platform project 2nd generation biofuels DTU, KU, Risø, DONG Energy, Novozymes, Biogasol, Haldor Topsoe Fuel Cells, Statoil 2.9 mio. Biorefinery project DTU, SDU, AU, Novozymes 1.6 mio. Renescience waste to fuel and energy DONG Energy, KU, DTU, Novozymes, Haldor Topsoe, Amager Forbrændingen 4 mio.

12 Pilot plant facilities/concepts Integration of energy systems - IBUS EU FP5 funded project from 2002 to Participants Elsam (DK), Sicco (DK), Risø (DK), TMO Renewables (UK) & KVL (DK)

13 Pilot plant facilities/concepts Integration of energy systems - IBUS Halm Forbehandling Vand C5 Melasse Fibre Damp Seperation Enzymer Biobrændsel Forflydning El og varme Destillation Kraftvarmeværk Ethanol Fermentering SSF Flydende fibre Gær

14 Pilot plant facilities/concepts Integration of energy systems - IBUS The IBUS pilot plant in autumn 2005 Pilot plant has now been rebuild at power plant next to the head quarter of DONG Energy.

15 Pilot plant facilities/concepts Maxifuel ethanol, hydrogen, methane From Biogasol

16 Pilot plant facilities/concepts Maxifuel ethanol, hydrogen, methane Pictures from Biogasol