Переводит 21 и 22. Emotional abuse at work: the silent passion?

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1 Переводит 21 и 22 Emotional abuse at work: the silent passion? Mobbing - a collective psychological terror, persecution against any of the workers by his colleagues, subordinates or superiors carried out in order to make him / her to leave the workplace. Means of achieving the goal is to spread rumors, bullying, social isolation, and in particular humiliation. As a result, the ultimate expression of the continuing hostility towards mental and physical well-being, a victim of such harassment can severely degrade. This article sheds light on such a widespread phenomenon, as mobbing, and offers solutions and advice to those who fall into the category of victims, their families and organizations. Millions of men and women of all ages, nationalities and races hate to go to work, gradually fall into despair and often seriously ill. Some have run away from it the work that they once loved, others tolerate a situation, not able to find a way out. "Every day was like a hike on the battlefield. I never knew at what point will the next bomb dropped. Out of fear that anyone can be my enemy, I was afraid to trust anyone else. I was mentally and physically exhausted. I knew that soon I will have to be sure to get some relief. But there was no hope of respite was not "- said Diana when we asked what she was going through every day. What is happening? Why is this happening? As far as the practice is widespread? What can I do? Here are the questions that I, along with co-authors, Ruth Schwartz and Gail Elliott, discuss in our book "Mobbing: 1 / 6

2 emotional abuse in the workplace in the USA» («Mobbing: Emotional Abuse in the American Workplace»). The word "mobbing" refers to the behavior of colleagues, management or subordinates to whom any of the employees when they periodically, over weeks, months and even years to carry out targeted harassment, assault, and infringe his / her dignity, undermining the reputation of and professional competence. Person directly or indirectly exposed to emotional abuse, it is constantly humiliated and often impose unjust accusations. The result is always the psychological trauma and separation. Psychologist and a medical scientist, Dr. Leiman Hants first conducted a study of this phenomenon at work in Sweden in the early 1980s. He called such behavior is mobbing and described it as "psychological terror", which includes "systematically repeated hostile and unethical attitude of one or more persons, against another person, basically the same." Leyman identified 45 variations in the behavior typical of mobbing: withholding necessary information, social isolation, slandering, unceasing criticism, the spread of unfounded rumors, ridicule, shouting, etc. Because the organization pays no attention to the behavior of its employees, or even indulge triggers these actions, we can say that the victim appears to be helpless against the power and strength, in fact harassed. Health and mental condition of the person subjected to such attacks, suffer, there are diseases of nerves and sense of social inferiority. Although mobbing and bullying - similar concepts, mobbing harassment means any of the staff from the head of the organization, supervisor, colleague or subordinate that involve others in a systematic and frequent persecution. Bulling means the persecution of "one on one." When it comes to mobbing, leadership is often behind the scenes involved in this process. That is why in this case, the victim is very rarely get help. Subjected to mobbing everyone can. This is not aggression directed against anyone who belongs to a certain range, which is under protection as discrimination based on age, sex, race, religion or nationality. Therefore, bullying / mobbing indicate such action as Professor of Law, University of Suffolk David Yamada called common to all, or "not discerning the status." The consequences of mobbing Mobbing is a form of violence is emotional abuse. In the book, "Violence at work» («Violence at Work»), published by the International Labour Office (ILO) in 1998, mobbing and bullying mentioned in the same row as murder, rape or robbery. Although bullying or mobbing can seem quite harmless in comparison with rape or other forms of physical violence, the effect they produce on the victim, especially if it lasts long enough, has such a destructive force that some people are thinking about how to commit suicide. And we do not exclude that some cases of 2 / 6

3 unwarranted attacks of aggression may be due to the feelings experienced by people who have been emotionally abused at work. The consequences of mobbing and bullying in the first place affect the health and mental state of man. Depending on the stiffness, the frequency and duration of such effects and how people psychologically resistant to it, people can suffer from a number of psychological disorders and physical, from the occasional sleep problems to nervous breakdowns, from irritability to depression, from difficulties with concentration up to the states of panic or even heart attacks. If an employee is only rarely absent from work, in the case of mobbing or bullying, it could become a frequent and long-term care hospital. Переводит 23 и 24 Many who became the target of mobbing, so much undermined the health that they can no longer perform their duties. In the end, they retire on their own or against them, or cancel a contract they have to go before retirement. Ironically, the victims do themselves to blame, they are people who themselves have brought upon themselves these misfortunes. And in many cases after a person was fired or he left, caused health problems may remain and even intensify and lead to a diagnosis as post-traumatic stress. But not only the mental state and health are strong negative effects. Effects also have serious implications for families of these individuals and organizations in which they operate. Relationships suffer, falling productivity levels in the company as energy is directed to the implementation of people mobbing, and not to perform important everyday tasks. Often it begins with the conflict, with anyone. Such conflict often arises from the different kinds of change. And no meaning, how much one tries to solve the problem - the conflict is unresolvable. Such a person seems to have nowhere to get help. The conflict does not disappear, but gradually escalates to the point where there is no going back. That which can be solved, showing at least a little good will and with the help of appropriate governance arrangements in the field, now transformed into a debate of "who is right and who is to blame." Some of the accusations and humiliation of an employee may be caused by an unhealthy psychological atmosphere that prevails in the organization and needs to find a "scapegoat", and the lust for power over others and personal malice, dictated by fear or envy. Here comes the action of psychology and a complex web of social processes of the organization. 3 / 6

4 You may ask why this is happening and why such proceedings are permitted in the workplace, while today we have a more structures and laws for the protection of workers than ever? We believe that there are three reasons why this is happening. The first of them - ignoring manifestations of mobbing, tolerance to it, the misinterpretation or deliberate provocation to actually by the company or organization's management. The second reason - is that such action is still not regarded as an action in the workplace, totally different from sexual harassment or discrimination. Finally, the third reason - in most cases, victims simply exhausted. They are exhausted and unable to defend themselves, let alone to start a lawsuit. The fee for mobbing In 1991, Brady Wilson, clinical psychologist who specializes in treating psychological injuries received at work, wrote in the journal Personnel Journal (now Workforce Magazine), that "the psychological abuse of workers led to the loss of billions of dollars. Psychological injuries at work as a result of mobbing - a destructive factor for the employee and the employer, than all the others combined stress related to work. " Actual damages, which are expressed in lost productivity, costs of health care and litigation, not to mention the social and psychological consequences, yet to be counted. Dr. Harvey Hornshtayn, Professor Teachers College, Columbia University, working in the field of social psychology organization in his book "How to chiefs and their victims» («Brutal Bosses and Their Prey») has estimated that as many as 20 million Americans are faced with bad treatment at work every day, and fit to speak about the epidemic. The problem of learning more Whatever it was, but this phenomenon will know more and more. The problem of bullying and mobbing in the workplace is increasingly being discussed in the media and professional communities. Scientists who study the behavior of organizations are now paying attention to this issue. Thus, over the past two years, a number of publications in scientific journals and written several books that deal with mistreatment in the workplace, the cruelty of the authorities, the problem of bullying and mobbing. Переводит 25 и 26 4 / 6

5 What can be done Raising awareness about the existing problem led to the creation of several organizations that provide assistance in the event of difficulties at work, where people can turn for support. For those who have been mobbing or become a target of bullying, there are several possibilities to deal with it. The most important thing - they need to understand: the fact that they have to worry about, now has a name, this phenomenon has become well known and more studied. They must understand that they have made sacrifices and that this is practically nothing can be done. Secondly, they should consider their ability to address short, medium or long period of time: Is there any way to get the help that they have not tried? Can I switch to another position within the company? Are they prepared to search for another job? What should I do to prepare for this transition? Do you need medical or medical-preventive care? We advise these people to properly evaluate all possible, try to be confident and most importantly - to control the situation. And we suggest to leave this job, and the sooner the better. It is best to bring those temporary sacrifices than endure the continued humiliation, which can then have a much stronger negative impact on health. Management also must be vigilant and recognize provlyat the first signs of mobbing. The company's policy, which requires employees to respect each other and encourage courteous behavior, contribute to the prevention of mobbing. Experts of the European Association of psychotherapy have a special right to define mobbing as a possible cause of treatment of the employee for help. Often they are the first who to call or sent to an employee who has the problem of socio-psychological nature. It is therefore essential that people know the consequences of mobbing at work as a possible factor in high-risk. Due to the large amount of literature and the media covering this topic in Europe, the problem of mobbing in the workplace has become widely known. Mobbing has not only become familiar word in the Scandinavian and German-speaking countries, but in order to solve the problem of mobbing by the legislative process, several countries have adopted new laws, pre-emptive appearance of this phenomenon, protecting and ensuring the safety of employees in the workplace, including the emotional component of health at work. For example, in 1993, the National Authority for Occupational Safety Sweden has taken the position of harassment in the workplace. Moreover, new institutions were created to assist victims of mobbing all over Europe and Australia. Measures to combat manifestations of mobbing, to assist its victims, and prevent the occurrence of this phenomenon were subsequently taken over a relatively short period of time. For example, in the daily press were published telephone "hot line" and contact points for advice on this matter. 5 / 6

6 Summary Mobbing - this is emotional abuse, mistreatment, which directly or indirectly by a group of employees in respect of any of the employees. People subjected to mobbing, suffer serious harm. Mobbing - this is a serious problem in the workplace, which in most cases leads to the dismissal of an employee at will or against it. Social and economic consequences of the syndrome called "mobbing" has yet to be calculated in terms of quantity. Mobbing may continue to exist for as long as he is allowed. Management of the organization plays a vital role in preventing this phenomenon. If you insist on good manners, politeness, high moral standards in the workplace and create an atmosphere of caring about employees, the occurrence of mobbing and bullying can be prevented. Millions of managers of different level and thousands of companies do that. They are a good example and a real haven for their employees. 6 / 6