1 Getting Started With The Tools Selenium IDE Java Eclipse Selenium RC Summary...

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1 Contents Introduction 17 Welcome Getting the Source-code Windows, Linux or Mac Typographical Conventions Keeping Up To Date Acknowledgements Getting Started With The Tools Selenium IDE Java Eclipse Selenium RC Summary Selenium IDE Basics How To Download and Install Firefox How To Install The Selenium IDE Capture Playback - Recording a Script With Selenium IDE Command, Target and Value Save The Test Further reading How To Install Java Is Java already installed? Install Java Install and run Selenium RC How To Download and Install Selenium RC What to Download? Download from Selenium HQ Downloading Selenium

2 4.1.4 Downloading Selenium Downloading Selenium Downloading Troubleshooting Overview of the Contents of the Selenium Archive Archive Contents for Archive Contents for and How to Work With Windows Command Line Give Your Command Window a Title An Alternative Command Line Tool How to Open Command Windows At A Specific Folder On Windows 7 and Vista On Windows XP How to start Selenium Server From Command Line Generic Instructions Selenium Selenium How to Stop the Selenium Server From the command line From a browser URL How to Run IDE Tests In Different Browsers End Notes The Eclipse IDE How to Install and Run The Eclipse IDE Install Eclipse Run Eclipse How to Create a New Java project Create a JUnit Test Using Selenium IDE Overview of Exporting Section Export an IDE script as a JUnit test Load an existing script into the IDE Formatting and Exporting using the IDE

3 6.2.3 Create a New Class in Eclipse Copy and Paste the code generated by Selenium IDE into Eclipse Resolve Import Errors Add JUnit to the build path if necessary Fix the Warning Messages Run the JUnit test Allow it through the Firewall Seeing the test running Check the results It went too quickly! Run the test in debug mode Create and Import some more IDE Converted tests Exercises The Annotated Generated Test Use Attach Source to see the Selenium Driver Source Code Why should we do this? How to find line numbers in Eclipse? MyFirstSeleniumTests.java Annotated A little about JUnit Let s get coding A brief pause, because you have already learned some Java What we will now learn Create a New Test From Scratch Annotation Turns Methods Into Tests Back to Our Selenium Test Making Something Happen Your Final Test Code The DefaultSelenium constructor explained Retrospectives Well Done Why did you do that?

4 8.4.1 Run Selenium RC in a DOS window? Stop and Restart Selenium Easily Final Notes Back to Eclipse Removing the Source Code Association What if it all goes wrong? Check that Selenium Server is running Close any Selenium RC windows Stop and restart the Selenium RC server Remove any Java threads from the Debug perspective Close any blocked browser windows Firefox Update Dialog Summary Essential Firefox Add-Ons Firebug What is Firebug? Install Firebug Basic Firebug Usage FirePath For Firebug What is FirePath? Install FirePath Basic Usage of FirePath Optimise XPath with FirePath Test Automation Thinking Let s Automate Search Start writing some tests Make Selenium Type In Some Text Fix the duplicate method name Add a Selenium Command The type method

5 Find the locator with Firebug A brief introduction to XPath Add the locator into the code Check that it works Now make it Click on the Search Button Selenium Click Method Locate the button with Firebug Create an XPath so that selenium can locate it Add the XPath details to our source code One last thing to do Now check that it works Quick Summary But is it a test if we don t check any results? But we can t control the data Acceptance Criteria: Selenium Remote Control homepage listed in returned results Look for text in the page Scan the page source code Look for a specific URL in the page Most Robust Method Acceptance Criteria: Page title has Selenium-RC in it Acceptance Criteria: Search box on the page has Selenium-RC in it One test to rule them all Summary First Steps with Automation Refactored Introducing Refactoring Automatically refactoring the start up code into a new method Automatically refactor the tear down code into a new method Refactoring Plan and Analysis Remove parameter from stopseleniumandclosebrowser Move setup code into a new method

6 Remove the setup code from method Annotate stopseleniumandclosebrowser Remove the tear down code from method The Refactored Code Automatically create JUnit Test Structure Summary How to upgrade Selenium First Download the New Version Configure Eclipse Project Remember to re-attach the source Basic HTML Theory Page Structure Elements & Tags Attributes Expanded Basic XPath Theory XPath Expressions Node Types Selections Start from root Start from Anywhere By Element Attributes Predicates Predicates can be indexes Predicates can be attribute selections Predicates can be XPath functions Predicates can be comparative statements Combining Match Queries Wild Card Matches

7 node() * XPath Functions contains() starts-with() Many More Boolean Operators and or XPath optimisation Use the ID Use the attributes Start at the first unique element Selenium XPath Usage Basic CSS Selector Theory FirePath for Firebug CSS Selector Expressions Selenium and CSS Selections Direct Descendents and Absolute Paths Sub Elements and Relative Paths Attribute and Index matching Attribute Matching Special attribute selectors Indexed Matching Advanced Combining Matches Wild Card Matches Attribute Substring matching Boolean Operators Sibling Combinators Useful Links

8 17 Learning The Selenium API Tips for Learning Testing HTML Forms An HTML Form Submit a Form with Default Values Commands Used Submit Form without clicking button Amend a Text, Password, TextArea or File Field Text Fields type vs typekeys Password Fields TextArea Fields File Field Amending Checkboxes and Radio Items Click Check Uncheck Amending Multiple Select Values Amending Dropdown Elements Amending Hidden Field Values Checking the Values of the Input Fields Text, Password, TextArea CheckBox & Radio Items Multiple Select & DropDown Testing Static HTML A Basic Static HTML Test gettitle - Check the page title gettext - Check the username istextpresent - check the heading iselementpresent - check comments and filename getxpathcount - count the checkboxes entered

9 click - navigate to the form The rest of the test The full test and summary getattribute assignid getbodytext and gethtmlsource goback highlight Using JavaScript with Selenium A Basic JavaScript Enabled Page The Class FireEvent, isalertpresent, and getalert geteval runscript addscript and removescript Starting Selenium From Code Add Selenium Server to the project For Selenium and above For Selenium and below Start it in the code The Start Up routine explored BindException Handling Stop Existing Server Custom Remote Control Configurations Running Tests Outside Eclipse What is Ant? What is Hudson? What is Subversion?

10 23 Using Ant to Run Selenium Tests Prerequisite: Install Java JDK Install Java JDK Update the Environment Variables and Path For Java Check that Java works Install Ant Install Ant Automatically Install Ant Manually Check that Ant works Create a Lib Folder Amend Eclipse Project Properties Create an initial build.xml file Running the Ant file Add the Tests which require no server Refactor The Build File Summary Additional Reading Using Hudson to Run Ant Introducing Hudson Install Hudson Using Hudson without Version Control Configure the Hudson Project Scheduling the build automatically Adding Subversion to the mix Take Stock of Where we are Plan Of Action Evolving A Selenium Manager Class

11 28 Create Our First Page Objects Create a SearchPageTests class Add the SeleniumManager Convert startseleniumandsearchforseleniumrc typeinasearchtermandassertthathomepagetextispresent typeinasearchtermandassertthathomepageurlexists typeinasearchtermandcheckpagetitlehassearchterminit typeinasearchtermandchecksearchinputhassearchterminit After all that SearchPageTests.java SearchPage.java Final Notes More Page Object Creation The Tests HTML form tests.java Static HTML tests.java JavaScript With Selenium Tests.java The Page Objects BasicHTMLForm.java HTMLFormResultsPage.java BasicAjaxPage.java Page Object Models Summary What is a Page Object Model? Grow an abstraction layer Refactor the Page Objects internally Create Domain Level Abstractions Lessons learned Related Study

12 31 Data Driven Tests in JUnit Basic Data Driven Testing JUnit parameterized Class Runner And Constructor Data supplied by annotated method A Data Driven Test Running a Data Driven Test The full code for the test Multiple Tests Reading Data From Tab Delimited Files General Hints Screen Capture on Failure Run the tests on multiple browsers Browser Codes Property Files System Properties JavaScript And Dynamic HTML Testing Redux Example Dynamic HTML Page First Model the behaviour in the test Code the check in the page object model First understand the page Summary Cookie Handling Cookies in the example application How to see cookies on a web page? Firefox by Default Firecookie - Firebug Plugin Selenium Cookie Commands Example Code For Cookie Testing Basic Class

13 Check Cookie Creation using deleteallvisiblecookies and is- CookiePresent Get Cookie values using getcookie and getcookiebyname The Future of Selenium If you want to experiment with WebDriver Structuring the tests and code Java project folder and package structures Changing what goes into Version Control Configuring Source-code Folders in Eclipse Add libraries Re-organise the Classes and Packages Share the Server among tests and create a base test class Share the Server using a Singleton Create a Base Class Get Ant Working Make sure all tests are valid tests Create end to end tests where we assert after executing functionality Have all tests pass on multiple browsers Locators as constants or methods Get Hudson Working Speed up the test execution with a suite Running Different Suites for Different Browsers Nested Suites Browser Specific Groups Create a conditional Ant File Get WebDriver working Ways of using what we have built Exercises For the reader: In Closing Additional Reading

14 A Playing along at home 403 A.1 Prerequisites A.2 Get The Code A.2.1 From A Zip Archive A.2.2 From the Subversion Repositories A.3 Create a Project B The SeleneseTestCase Class 405 B.1 What is SeleneseTestCase B.2 Details B.3 A look at SeleneseTestCase.java B.4 Use the SeleneseTestCase Functionality B.4.1 Using the IDE to add asserts and verifies B.4.2 What is the difference between an Assert and a Verify? Index 414 About the Author