13. Symposium Reifen und Fahrwerk Glatte Fahrbahn Die Straße als Signalgeber

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1 Glatte Fahrbahn Die Straße als Signalgeber Dipl.Ing. James Remfrey, Systems & Technology, Continental Chassis & Safety Division Chassis & Safety

2 Continental Corporation Overview 2014 Sales by division in % Since 1871 with headquarters in Hanover, Germany Sales of 34.5 billion 189,168 employees worldwide 317 locations in 50 countries Tires 28% ContiTech 11% Chassis & Safety 22% Powertrain 19% Interior 20% Status: December 31,

5 billion 189,168 employees worldwide 317 locations in 50 countries

4 Motivation Straight driving Overtaking Curve driving Source: Youtube 4

5 comfort Safe Driving Evolution of Safety Systems Automated Driving In Future Safety ADAS (e.g. AEB) >2000 Driver Assistance Systems In the 80s to 90s ABS/ESC Passive Safety In the 70s and 80s Seatbelt and Airbag Airbag 5

6 vertical Physical Basics The Kamm Circle under Different Road Conditions physical boundary mainly steering mainly braking/ ESC R dry wet R = µ * N N snow ice 6

7 Our core competencies along the chain of effects If a car assists you or drives you automatically, it has to its environment & vehicle s current state... its actions... using the car s actuators and control systems! 7

its environment & vehicle s current state... its actions.

8 SensePlanAct Integrated active & passive safety technologies for each stage Selected product technologies for vehicle status and vehicle environment sensing 8

9 Sense Advanced Driver Assistance Systems From Basic to Complex Scenarios; from single to networked Systems 9

Sense Ad hoc Vehicle Communication The Surrounding Sensor that looks around the Corner Scope: C2X as integrated part of Automotive Hybrid Mobile Communication.

10 Sense Ad hoc Vehicle Communication The Surrounding Sensor that looks around the Corner Scope: C2X as integrated part of Automotive Hybrid Mobile Communication. Characteristics: Robust mobile communication for short time and distance range primarily for safety applications (C2X based on TS-G5: Automotive WLAN p) Example: Electronic brake light, column driving Intelligent Antenna Module (IAM) Advantages: Imminent (C2X) warning of hidden hazards C2X Intersection C2C Overtaking C2C emergency vehicles C2C Column emergency braking C2C electronic brake light C2C CrashCompatibilityDataExchange Car2X AU Head Unit 10

Characteristics: Robust mobile communication for short time and distance range primarily for safety applications (C2X based on TS-G5: Automotive WLAN 802.

11 SensePlanAct Integr. Active & Passive Safety Technologies for each Stage Selected product technologies for action planning and selection 11

12 Plan Cooperative Safety Vehicle-to-X Short Range & Long Range Communication Short Range V2X COMMUNICATION Long Range Continental Application Unit with M2XPro Backend & Cloud Continental ehorizon Telematics Box V2X (safety) applications Real-time data processing Data security Ad-Hoc communication is essential when: there is immediate danger to life & health a safety function is needed in split seconds the driver can not rely on available cellular bandwidth Vehicle-to-Backend Applications Big Data processing with IBM High precision maps with Nokia HERE Cellular communication via backend: Complements communication range during normal driving 12

when: there is immediate danger to life & health a safety function is needed in split seconds the driver can not rely on available cellular bandwidth

sensor 100-300m Trust is a good thing, but control

13 Plan Networking allows the vehicle to look around the corner The Backend as a New Sensor Vehicle sensor m Trust is a good thing, but control is a better one. Prerequisite: Reliable broadband coverage! 13

14 SensePlanAct Integrated active & passive safety technologies for each stage Selected product technologies for action implementation. 14

15 Act Electronic Stability Control ESC Example: µ-split Braking 15

Advanced Emergency Braking System AEBS MK 100 ESC Multi

16 Signals from the Road (Advanced) Driver Assistance Systems Electronic Stability Control ESC Lane Departure Warning LDW Advanced Emergency Braking System AEBS MK 100 ESC Multi Function Camera MFC Short Range Lidar SRL Advanced Radar Sensor ARS 16

Example: Lane Departure Warning LDW / Lane Keeping Assistance LKA Lane Departure Warning provides the driver with optical or haptical warnings, such as steering wheel vibrations, protecting him from

17 Example: Lane Departure Warning LDW / Lane Keeping Assistance LKA Lane Departure Warning provides the driver with optical or haptical warnings, such as steering wheel vibrations, protecting him from inadvertently changing lanes. In combination with intervention LDW becomes an active Lane Keeping Assistance (LKA). Through these system interventions important seconds are gained which can save lives, especially when at the edge of the verge. Benefits Prevents dangerous situations due to inattention 17

In combination with intervention LDW becomes an active Lane Keeping Assistance (LKA).

18 1) Example: Road Departure Protection RDP Motivation Accident Statistics Reaching/surpassing the physical limits ( lost control, speed ) 45% (US) 41% (GER) Driving accidents on rural roads 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Not reaching the physical limits ( departed road edge, other mistake ) 55% (US) 38% (GER) Road Departure Protection system addresses this group of dangerous off-roadway related accidents Fatalities or seriously injured German Off-Roadway Crashes 2) Fatalities or seriously injured 14% 46% 40% Collision with other vehicle Run-off to left Run-off to right Other kind Driving accidents with run-off on rural roads 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 27% 14% 13% 38% 8% Inappropriate Speed Influence of alcohol Excessive Speed Other mistake made by driver 1% Total: 34 Total: 285 Sources: 1) NHTSA, Development of test scenarios for off-roadway crash countermeasures based on crash statistics (DOT HS ), 2) German In-Depth Accident Study GIDAS

Fatalities or seriously injured German Off-Roadway Crashes 2) Fatalities or seriously injured 14% 46% 40% Collision with other vehicle Run-off to left Run-off to right Other kind Driving accidents

RDP System Architecture Road Departure Protection Enhanced System Sensors Road Departure Protection Smart Image Acquisition Road Surface Roughness Accelerometer Tire Pressure Monitor Wheel speed

19 RDP System Architecture Road Departure Protection Enhanced System Sensors Road Departure Protection Smart Image Acquisition Road Surface Roughness Accelerometer Tire Pressure Monitor Wheel speed Sensors Optional Sensors Road Features Lane Detection Road Edge Detection Road Surface Detection Lane Marker Road Edges Surface Type Road Model Road Edge Classification Sensor Input Quality Estimation Host Vehicle Location Estimation Road Edges RDP Quality On-Road/ Off-Road Prob. RDP Function Road Departure Detection Driver Intention Monitoring Kinematic Control Dynamic Control Warn Prefill Yaw Trq HMI LED Buzzer Actuation ESC Stereo Camera Curbstone Detection Curbstones EPS Radar Occupancy Detection Occup. Map Boundary Estimation 19

Sensor Input Quality Estimation Host Vehicle Location Estimation Road Edges RDP Quality On-Road/ Off-Road Prob.

20 RDP System Test Vehicle Configuration Buzzer & Audio Output Stereo Camera (including mono path) Active Wheel Speed Sensors Electronic Stability Control Advanced Radar Sensor Electro-Mechanical Steering 20

Active Wheel Speed Sensors Electronic Stability

21 RDP System Camera Road Edge Detection* Road markings are detected in a pre-processing step Particle Filter Framework: Texture, contour and road marking information are encoded as particle weights * In cooperation with FORWISS, University of Passau, Germany 21

22 RDP Experimental Results Video Occupancy Map 22

23 Signals from the Road Visual Range 0-300m Is this Really Enough? 23

24 Thank you for your attention! 24

Balancing Active and Passive Safety

Balancing Active and Passive Safety Dnr: 2011-01146 Cecilia Sunnevång Ulrich Sander, Ola Boström September 17 th, 2015 Driven for Life. Background US legal & rating Automated Driving NHTSA Oblique (potential)