ÖZEL EGE LİSESİ ENDANGERED ANIMALS. Emre Baran Avunduk. Arca Berköz. Sude Naz Doğan. Şan Coşkun CLASS: 4F. İzmir

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1 ÖZEL EGE LİSESİ ENDANGERED ANIMALS PREPARED BY: Tamer Aydın Emre Baran Avunduk Arca Berköz Sude Naz Doğan Şan Coşkun CLASS: 4F ADVISOR: Esra Ardil İzmir

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. CAUSES OF ENDANGERMENT 1.1. Habitat Destruction 1.2. Predation 1.3. Pollution 1.4. Disease 1.5. Hunting 2. SOME ENDANGERED ANIMALS 2.1 Polar Bears 2.2 Giant Panda 2.3 Turtle 2.4 Kakapo 2.5 Golden Lion Tamarin 2.6 Tiger 2.7 The Fin Whale 2.8 The Aye Aye 2.9 Snakes 2.10 Blue Whale 2.11 Gorillas 2.12 African Elephants 2.13 Leopard 2.14 The Western Giant Eland 2.15 Red Wolf 2.16 Snow Leopard 2.17 The Black Rhinoceros 2.18 The Hybrid Spider Monkey 2.19 Wild Bactrian Camel 2.20 Asian Elephant 3. WHAT CAN WE DO TO PROTECT THEM? 4. PHOTOS 5. REFERENCES 2

3 CAUSES OF ENDANGERMENT Habitat Destruction A habitat is the natural home for an animal or plant. Habitat destruction is when an animal or plant loses its natural home, usually caused by something humans have done. If an animal s habitat gets destroyed, it might die out. Predation Predators are species that hunt other species to get food. For example, a peregrine falcon will kill small rodents (like mice & voles) and kill other birds to get food. This is natural but it causes species to become threatened and endangered. Pollution There are a lot of different types of pollution.for example : water pollution, air pollution environment polution. Toxic substances dumped in a wooded area destroy the soil and the species that live in it (from bacteria, to insects and the birds and animals that eat them) but it also gets into the groundwater below it. So animals become endangered because they can t be healthy in polution. Disease Sometimes people introduce diseases and problems into a species. The most important example is DDT. An insecticide was used in lot of places and scientists found the effect of it in water & soil and worked its way up the food chain from small water feeders to the fish who ate the plant life in the water and the animals and humans who ate the fish! When DDT was left into the water it broke down and became DDE. Because of these toxic substances, eagles and peregrine falcons produce very weak eggs. Their eggs shells are very thin and when their mother sit on them they are broken easily. Hunting People use products every time. And a lot of products are made from parts of animals. When human beings hunt these animals for their own use, this causes endangerment of some animals. For example: the teeth of Elephants. People use to make jewelry. People hunt animals for their skins and meat too. Hunting and fishing continue to endanger a lot of animals in the world. 3

4 SOME ENDANGERED ANIMALS Polar Bears Polar bears live in the Arctic Region. It is the coldest place in the word but polar bears can live in North pole because they have heavy white fur. Their fur can protect them. They are very big animals but they can run fast. They are very good swimmers. They like swimming. They always eat fish, shell, caribou, birds.they sometimes eat seaweed and grass in the sea. Polar bears are usually shy but they can be dangereous. They usually have two or four babies in winter and the babies stay with their mother until they are three years old. Polar bears are endangered becuase people hunt them for their expensive skin, tendons and meat. There were hundred thousands of polar bears in the past but today there are only a few hundred polar bears in the world. An international agreement signed in 1973 to protect polar bears. Giant Panda There are seven hundred Giant Pandas in the world today. Giant Pandas live in the forests and baboos in the high mountains. San Diego Zoological Society is working with Chinese zoos for these interesting animals. They are interesting because they have got white face, but black ears and eyes. Their bodies are white but their legs are black. The Giant Pandas always eat bamboo. They eat bamboos twelve hours a day and for the rest of the day they sleep. In one year they eat almost pounds of bamboo. They sometimes eat birds and snakes. Giant Pandas can live 15 years They can only have one baby. Turtle Tutles are reptiles. They have got different skin. Leatherback sea tutles have higher body temperature in water. They breath air and do not lay eggs underwater, although many species live in or around water. The largest turtles are aquatic. Kakapo The Kakapo is a parrot and called owl parrot, it is yellow and green. They live in New Zeland. They are the heaviest parrots. They live a lot of years. They are endangered. There are only 131 kakapos in the world. People hunt these parrots because they wanted to eat them. People killed these parrots because they have got wonderful feathers. 4

5 Golden Lion Tamarin The golden lion tamarin is a small mammal. They live in rainforests in Brazil and South America. They are monkeys and they live in small family groups in forests. They are very energytic in the day but they always sleep in the trees at nights. They live 15 years. They are endangered because the people take their homes. They have got long, brown fur. They are 20-36cm but they have got very long tail. They have claws. The golden lion tamarin is an amnivore (eating both animals and plants). It eats insects, fruits, small snakes, lizards, snails, spiders and vegetables. They are endangered because eagles, hawks, jaguars, jaguarundis, ocelots and snakes hunt these animals. Tiger The tiger is the largest member of the cat family. They grow up to 3.5 meters and 360 kg.they have thick coats with white bellies and white and black tails. Their heads, bodies, tails have black, brown or grey stripes. The tigers are endangered because people hunt them for their pelts, meat and body parts. The Fin Whale The fin whale is a member of the order marine mammals. The fin whale is the second biggest animal in the world. They live in the oceans. They grow up to meters long. They have big tails and there is a notch in their tail. The body of the fin whale is generally blue or grey. The fin whales like eating small fish, squid and krill. The fin whale is an endangered animal, because people hunt the whales, and sharks attacks to baby fin whales. The Aye-Aye The aye-aye is about the size of a rabbit, and is brown. It is a nocturnal animal. Also, the aye-aye has an estimated population of less than 2500 and an observed continuing decline in the form of severly fragmented subpopulations. The aye-aye builds nests out of twigs to hide during the day. It can be found on the African island of Madagascar. Adult pandas have very few natural enemies. The few animals that will prey on pandas are: Jackals, leopards, and the yellow-throated marten. The biggest threats to pandas are not in the wild, but through everyday human actions. Today, pandas are considered one of the most charismatic animals, being a symbol of China and of nature conservation around the world. 5

6 Snakes There are about 2,700 species of snakes, of these 375 are venomous Snakes flexible reptiles. Their body shape depends on the habitat in which they live. Aquatic snakes usually have a flattened body. Snakes have a huge range of colors, from bright to dull. Brightly colored snakes are usually venomous, dull colored snakes use their coloration for camouflage. Some snakes mimic the color and pattern of venomous snakes. Blind snakes are the smallest snake at two inches in length. The anaconda can reach lengths of 38 feet. Some species live as long as 50 years. Snakes are found throughout the world except Antarctica, Iceland, Ireland, Greenland and New Zealand. Most snakes are found in tropical regions. Snakes are found in many habitats including in the water, forests, deserts and prairies. Snakes eat termites, rodents, birds, frogs, small deer and other reptiles. Snakes eat their prey whole and they can eat prey three times larger than the diameter of their head because their lower jaw can separate from the upper jaw. They do not need to hunt everyday. Anacondas and pythons can survive for up to a year without food after feeding. Snakes hunt mostly at night. Snakes use their forked tongue to smell the air. Snakes are ectotherms, meaning they must regulate their body temperature externally by sunning themselves. Snakes hibernate during the winter. Snakes must shed their skin three to six times per year. Most snake species lay eggs, but some species give birth to live young. Snakes lay their eggs in a warm location. Roads and habitat destruction are the threats for snakes. Blue Whale The male blue whale grows to about eighty-two feet long, and the female grows to about eighty-five feet long. It weighs up to 285,000 pounds as an adult. The blue whale is the largest mammal to have lived on the earth, but it feeds on some of the smallest marine organisms: plankton. People kill them for their organs. Gorillas The male gorilla grows to about six feet high, and weighs up to six hundred pounds. The female gorilla grows to about five feet high, and weighs up to two hundred pounds. The gorilla is the largest and most powerful primate alive, but is a peaceful and sociable animal. And people kill them for their skin. 6

7 African Elephants African Elephant is classified as a member of the family Elephant. The male s height is nearly ten feet and weight is nearly six tons. The female is slightly smaller, and their weight is nearly four tons. These are endangered species. African Elephant population decreased nearly 50% and hunting of the african elephant was banned in several countries.but poaching for ivory still go on. Leopard The amur leopard is classified as a member of the Carnivora (Carnivores) and is a member of the family Felidae. It is a critically endangered species and its population decreased nearly 80%.The big problem is that their life areas are destroyed. Amur leopards can be found in eastern Asia. The Western Giant Eland The western giant eland is classified as a member of the Artiodactyla (Even-Toed Hoofed Mammals) and is a member of the family Bovidae. The western giant eland is one of the largest antelopes in Africa. When it stands up, its height can reach to six feet. Its weight is nearly 1,500 pounds. The western giant eland is classified as an endangered species. Because its population is nearly The eland has long spiraled horns and tufted, cattlelike tails. It can be found in western Africa. Broom's Pygmy-Possum (Burramys Parvus) The Broom's Pygmy-possum is classified as a member of the Marsupialia (Marsupials) and is a member of the family Burramyidae. It is also known as the mountain pygmy-possum. The Broom's pygmy-possum is classified as an endangered.because its life areas decreased less than 5000 km². The Broom's pygmy-possum can be found in Australia. Red Wolf The red wolf is classified as a critically endangered species. There are less than fifty red wolves. People kill them for their skin. Snow Leopard Snow leopards can be found in eastern Asia. There are less than 250 snow leopards. People kill them for their skin. 7

8 Gorillas The male gorilla grows to about six feet high, and weighs up to six hundred pounds. The female gorilla grows to about five feet high, and weighs up to two hundred pounds. The gorilla is the largest and most powerful primate alive, but is a peaceful and sociable animal. And people kill them for their skin. Blue Whale The male blue whale grows to about eighty-two feet long, and the female grows to about eighty-five feet long. It weighs up to 285,000 pounds as an adult. The blue whale is the largest mammal to have lived on the earth, but it feeds on some of the smallest marine organisms: plankton. People kill them for their organs. The Black Rhinoceros The black rhinoceros grows up to twelve feet long and six feet high. It weighs up to three thousand pounds. The black rhinoceros is the most aggressive species in the rhinoceros family, and can charge at speeds up to thirty miles per hour. The Hybrid Spider Monkey The hybrid spider monkey grows to almost two feet long, not including the tail. It weighs from ten to fifteen pounds. The hybrid spider monkey is known for its ability to use its tail as an extra limb. Wıld Bactrian Camel The wild Bactrian camel's shoulder height is about six feet, and it grows up to twelve feet long. It weighs up to 1,500 pounds. The wild Bactrian camel is the only truly wild two-humped camel in the world. There are less than 250 wild bactarian camels. Asian Elephant It stands up to ten feet high and twenty feet long. It weighs up to 10,000 pounds.the Asian elephant has four subspecies: the Indian, Ceylon, Sumatran, and Malaysian elephants. 8

9 WHAT CAN WE DO TO HELP TO PROTECT THEM? Draw pictures Write a letter Adresses Make masks and costumes Make puppets Make a story book Local species research Tell others. 9

10 PHOTOS Gıant Panda Turtle Golden Lıon Tamarın Tiger Aye Aye 10 The Black Rhınoceros

11 REFERENCES Farndon, J. (2001) 1000 Things About Wild Animals. Hong Kong: Miles Kelly Publishing. Farndon, J.Parker,S. (2002) 4000 Things About Wild Animals. Hong Kong: Miles Kelly Publishing 11

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