How To Get Rid Of Cyber Crime

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1 Dear Delegates, My name is Marcos Sebastian Banchik and I will be chairing alongside Assistant Professor Daniel Bubb, for the Disarmament and International Security Committee. I am currently a freshman at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute pursuing a Dual Major in Computer Science and Business and Management with a minor in Economics. I was formerly a student at Ed. W. Clark High School and this is my first time formally participating in an MUN event. I have however attended Model UN conferences, including LVMUN, as a spectator. I also participated as a delegate in Saturday skirmishes at Spring Valley. I see Model UN as a tool that works similar skills to something I was a member of, Mock Trial. This primarily refers to the ability to work with others, think on your feet, and orate your cogently crafted arguments in an articulate, persuasive manner. Coming from a tech school, I can tell you that these skills can truly set you apart from your peers and greatly impact your ability to succeed. The difference can mean research or no research, an internship or no internship, or even a job or no job! Nothing comes easily in this world, but being able to pitch yourself and your ideas sure make it easier. Your opinion matters delegate, be expressive, informative, and put in your all. And always keep your placards high where I can see them!

2 Background Information The first major computer virus to be released was created by programmers in Pakistan in Since then the frequency and severity of cyber-attacks has increased exponentially given the proliferation and prevalence of technology in our day to day lives. Nations are becoming increasingly dependent upon computerized information systems in the administration of government and maintenance infrastructure including power distribution, water supply, irrigation, waste management, petroleum transport, telecommunications, and emergency services. The international cyber security 'problem is not one to take lightly considering it threatens the stability of the international economy, the wellbeing and privacy of global citizens, the safety of anti-terrorism troops and groups as well as the success of their efforts, along with the infrastructure and processes of government aforementioned. Cyberwarfare is no longer a thing of the future. The best known and most effective intergovernment cyber-attack in history occurred recently 2009 and 2010 when the United States launched a virus against Iranian nuclear enrichment centrifuges at its fissile material facility at Natanz, south of Tehran. The Stuxnext attack destroyed or shut down ten percent of Iran s uranium enrichment capabilities for a full year. Another example of hacking interfering with government includes in May 2007, when Estonian experienced a major Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack. This blocked access to government websites for several hours and stopped some banking for a full day. The attacks were associated with a political confrontation over removal of a statue commemorating Soviet re-conquest of Estonian during World War Two. Whether the attacks were officially sanctioned by the Russian government or the work of Russian activists remains unknown. Smaller attacks were directed against Georgia during its three-day war with Russia in August As was the

3 case then, and largely is still the case, almost all international bodies, the UN included, lack an accepted definition of what can formally be considered a cyber-attack. More recently in 2014, the United States pushed allegations against China for hacking into U.S. government personnel files and also stealing trade secrets from computers of American companies and passing them to Chinese competitors. This violation of intellectual property contributes to the estimated U.S. losses of intellectual property could exceed 240 billion dollars. Civilian hackers are also capable of great disruption within nations. In 2011, the NASDAQ revealed that its servers had been broken in to and hackers had access to confidential corporate documents. It is unknown what the cause for the hacking was; it is known that the hackers were able to plant malware inside the Director s Desk web application. NASDAQ accounts for almost 19 percent of the American stock market, and a breach to its trading platform could be disastrous. Terrorists groups are also adapting to the cyber space in order to further their agendas. Groups such as ISIS depend on cyber-terrorism tactics for fundraising, training, recruitment, secret communication, data mining, propaganda and radicalization, as well as cyber-attacks. In 2014, daily tweets by ISIS supporters and members including retweets reached approximately 200,000 by approximately 45,000 accounts. The rate of cyber-attacks is increasing rapidly. According to the Global State of Information Security Survey 2014, the total number of security incidents detected by respondents grew to 42.8 million around the world averaging 117,339 per day. This is a sharp 48% up from The fastest growing cyber threats involve attacks by nation states, competitors, and organized crime, though these remain much less common. According to the findings, attacks by

4 nation states were up 86% in 2014, with activity focusing mainly on the oil and gas, aerospace and defense, technology, and telecommunications sectors. In October of 2012, a report released by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) said that the lack of an international agreement on cybercrime and terrorism is thwarting efforts to bring terrorists to justice. Cyber threats and attacks are always adapting making the intentionally slow process of legislation rather unfitting for the realm. Participants from both government and the private sector noted that national governments often ask for information and assistance from the private sector, but share precious little information in return. The UN suggests that legislation to solve these issues are multi-pronged, combining legal, technical, and ideological components.

5 Questions to Consider 1. How must the UN define a cyber-attack? 2. In which instances is a cyber-attack within UN culpability? 3. How do we determine who is in the right when cyber-warfare occurs amongst nations? (Consider the necessity of both offensive and defensive actions involved in this issue.) 4. What policies should the UN implement in order to avert these cyber-attacks? 5. What are ethical punishments for varying degrees of cyber-crime? 6. How can new policies be implemented considering economic feasibility? 7. How will these policies promote peace and tranquility among nations divided?

6 Works Cited "Cyber Warfare, Unchecked, Could Topple Entire Edifice of International Security, Says Speaker in First Committee at Conclusion of Thematic Debate Segment Meetings Coverage and Press Releases." UN News Center. UN. Web. "ISIS: Twitter Presence 2015 Statistic." Statista. Web. Townsend, Robby, and Aaron Karp. "Cyber Security: Defining Cyber Terrorism and Permissible Responses." Old Dominion University, Model United Nations Society. Web. < disec-cyber-security-defining-cyber-terrorism-and-permissible-responses.pdf>. Mohamed, Farah. "U.S., China Talk Cyberhacking Amid New Allegations." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com. Web. "Global Cyberattacks Rose 48% in 2014." Journal of Accountancy Web. "UN: More International Cooperation Needed to Fight Cyberterrorism." Computerworld. Web. ""Cybersecurity: Assessing the Nation's Ability to Address the Growing Cyber Threat"" YouTube. YouTube. Web.