How To Know If You Are Older Or Younger

Transcription

1 Technical University of Berlin, Germany Institute for Language and Communication Markus Brückl, Walter Sendlmeier

2 Sue Ellen Linville: - Firm conclusions as to the effect of aging on and levels are not now possible. - in female speakers with aging has yet to be investigated. - Research is necessary to examine as a correlate of perceived age estimates from women s voices. - Studies have not been conducted correlating age estimates to in female speakers. TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 2

3 Investigate (and other perturbation measures) as a function of chronological age and perceived age - Further ac pa: - Relevance of for age pe and age measurement TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 3

4 - 56, aged from 20 to 87 (AM=49.77, SD=16.01) - 8 types of, assumed to differ in amount and type of age-related information: Spontaneous speech (s-sp) Read speech (r-sp) Sustained vowels /a/, /i/ and /u/ - Onset sample (e.g. ) - Quasi-stationary sample (e.g. ) TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 4

5 - 15 young adult rated perceived age of each sample - estimations are significantly concordant listeners age pes are averaged for each voice sample - 22 are extracted separately for each voice sample - of: ac pa and chronological age ac pa and perceived age perceived age and chronological age TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 5

6 r p TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 6

7 r p TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 7

8 r p TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 8

9 Su: - the age estimations result from and - ac age estimations on vowels differs according to vowels containing onset are rated more accurately TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 9

10 pitch F0 stability stability of vocal fold vibration speech production phonation amp. stability spectral energy distribution vocal tremor articulation speech tempo TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 10

11 pitch F0 stability stability of vocal fold vibration speech production phonation amp. stability spectral energy distribution vocal tremor articulation speech tempo TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 11

12 pitch F0 stability stability of vocal fold vibration speech production phonation amp. stability spectral energy distribution vocal tremor articulation speech tempo TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 12

13 pitch F0 stability stability of vocal fold vibration speech production phonation amp. stability spectral energy distribution vocal tremor articulation speech tempo TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 13

14 pitch F0 stability stability of vocal fold vibration speech production phonation amp. stability spectral energy distribution vocal tremor articulation speech tempo TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 14

15 pitch F0 stability stability of vocal fold vibration speech production phonation amp. stability spectral energy distribution vocal tremor articulation speech tempo TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 15

16 pitch F0 stability stability of vocal fold vibration speech production phonation amp. stability spectral energy distribution vocal tremor articulation speech tempo TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 16

17 The estimated age values are generally stronger correlated with the ac measures than the chronological age F0-measurements confirm former findings: - F0 is steadily decreasing with increasing age in women s voices - not correlated to age in /i/ and /u/ intrinsic pitch TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 17

18 F0 perturbation measures: - minor respectively sporadic correlations with age (compared to amplitude perturbation) F0 perturbations are rather related to physical fitness TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 18

19 Amplitude perturbation measures: APQ of spontaneous speech is the best ac measure of age in this study TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 19

20 Amplitude perturbation measures: - The strongest relations of amplitude perturbation measures and age are achieved with a smoothing factor of 5 and 55 cycles (APQ and sapq) AMP SD and shimmer less correlated - relation of amplitude perturbation and age can not be found in read speech and in /i/ and /u/ vowels TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 20

21 Spectral energy distribution: - SPI (soft phonation) c with perceived age in /a/ vowels - NHR (spectral noise) shows only faint correlations with perceived age in /a/ vowels - VTI (breathiness) is not correlated to age TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 21

22 Vocal Tremor: - FTRI is increasing with age more reliably than other measures in all sustained vowels but not in read and spontaneous speech - ATRI is not correlated to age TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 22

23 Speech Tempo: AR of read speech is correlated with age TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 23

24 - Amplitude perturbation quotient, best from spontaneous speech samples - Frequency tremor intensity index - Average fundamental frequency - frequency perturbation fitness - spectral noise fitness - speech tempo cognitive performance TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 24

25 TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 25

26 - Are the found ac c of age perceptively relevant? - Why do amplitude perturbation measurements of spontaneous speech correlate to age? - What measures the FTRI? Can it be improved? - How is age information decoded in vowel onset? TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 26

27 chron.age = 1.37(perc.age(s-sp)) 9.63 TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 27

28 chron.age = 1.37(perc.age(s-sp)) 9.63 TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 28

29 - The estimated age values are generally stronger correlated with the ac measures than the chronological age - multiple regression explains up to 47% of the variance of chronological age and 40% (corrected? R²) of the variance of perceived age (spontaneous speech) TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 29

30 Ich bin zuerst einmal nur geradeaus gegangen. Und dann an der fünften Ampel rechts in die Grabenstraße rein. Die heißt übrigens nach einem halben Kilometer Steinmetzstraße. Dann lief ich am Schwimmbad vorbei bis zur Überführung wie Du es mir gesagt hast. (Example: ) TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 30

31 W. E. Hill s My wife and my mother-inlaw, demonstrating (Example: ) TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 31

32 is the process of the longterm alteration of the biological subsystem speaking apparatus. is the sum of information in the acal signal on a specific state during the process of vocal aging. TU Berlin; Institute for Language and Communication; Brückl, Sendlmeier 32