Cues that lead readers forward from information they've already read to new information.

Transcription

1 s help readers connect the ideas in a piece of writing; they're the glue that shows how pieces of your text fit together. Often all you'll need is a word or phrase to lead readers through your text. Cues that lead forward compare and contrast lead through a sequence clarify or emphasize lead through cause and effect relationships lead to concessions, reservations, dismissals, or conditions. lead to conclusions Cues that lead readers forward from information they've already read to new information. To move readers into additional information or further development of your ideas. Old Information Actually, ADDITION Further, New Information Additionally, Again, Also, And Besides Equally important, Finally, First, Second, Third, etc. Furthermore, Incidentally, Indeed, In fact, Lastly, Moreover, Not only this, but this as well What's more,

2 To move readers into specific examples Generalization Examples EXAMPLES As an illustration, Especially, For example, For instance, Including In particular, Namely, Notably, Particularly, Specifically, To demonstrate, To illustrate, Cues that lead readers through a sequence To move readers from one time-frame to another One time After a few hours, Afterwards, At last At the same time, Before Before this, Currently, During Eventually, Finally, TIME Immediately following, Initially, In the end, In the future, In the meantime, In the meanwhile, Last, Last but not least, Lastly, Later, Meanwhile, Next, Soon after, Another time First, Second, Third, etc. First of all, Formerly Previously, Simultaneously, Subsequently,

3 Immediately before, Then, To draw readers' attention to a particular location or place One place Another place PLACE Adjacent, In the background, Alongside, At the side, Here/There In the back, In the distance, In the front, In the foreground Nearby, To let readers know that a digression is about to begin or end Digression back to Main point Main point begin Digression DIGRESSION/RESUMPTION Anyhow, Anyway, Incidentally, To change the subject, As I was saying, To get back to the point, At any rate, To return to the subject, By the way, To resume,

4 Cues that draw readers' attention to cause and effect relationships To emphasize a cause or reason An effect move in to Cause/Reason CAUSE/REASON As Because of Because Due to For For the simple reason that Since To stress a result or an effect Cause/Reason move in to An effect EFFECT/RESULT As a result Because of this, For this reason, Consequently, So So that Therefore, Thus,

5 To clarify the purpose of something Something move in to Its purpose PURPOSE For fear that In the hope that So So that In order to With this in mind, Cues that make readers stop and compare what they've just read to what they're about to read Just read equal or not equal About to read COMPARISON/CONTRAST Although/Although this is true And yet At the same time, Meanwhile, Nevertheless, Nonetheless, But Nothwithstanding, Conversely, On the contrary, For all that, On the other hand, In comparison, In contrast, In the same manner/way, However, Likewise, Similarly, Still, While this is true When in fact Whereas

6 Cues that lead readers into statements that clarify or emphasize To clarify a point that readers have just read Point just read meaning Clarification CLARIFICATION In other words, In this case, I mean That is to say Under certain circumstances Up to a point Put another way To emphasize a point that readers are about to read Point just read!!!! Emphatic point EMPHASIS As a matter of fact, In any case, In any event, Indeed, In fact, Obviously, That is Undoubtedly,

7 Cues that lead readers into concessions, reservations, dismissals, or conditions To concede a point that readers are likely to think of Point just read but maybe Concession CONCLUSION Accordingly, As a result, In short, In summary, Consequently, On the whole, Finally, Hence, In brief, In conclusion, So Therefore, Thus, To conclude, To clarify for readers the writer's reservations Point just read even so Reservation RESERVATION Admittedly, As a matter of fact, Even so, Even though Despite this Indeed, Nevertheless, Notwithstanding, Regardless

8 To dismiss a point that readers are likely to think of Point may be true BUT Dismissal DISMISSAL All the same, At any rate, Either way, In either case, In either event, Whatever happens, In any case/event, Whichever happens, To establish a condition or conditions affecting the subject The subject is true IF This condition is met CONDITION Although But However, Nevertheless, Although this is true, Even though, In spite of Since

9 Cues that lead readers into a summary or conclusion To repeat a point you've already made A point = Point stated differently REPETITION As I have noted, As indicated above/earlier, As I stated, As mentioned, In brief, In short, In summary, On the whole, As noted earlier, To summarize what you've already said Points made nutshell Summary SUMMARY All in all, All together, As I mentioned, As I stated, Briefly, By and large, Finally, Given these facts, In brief, In summary, On the whole, Overall, Since So Summing up, Then, Therefore, To conclude,

10 In conclusion, To put it briefly, In short, To summarize, To introduce readers to a conclusion or conclusions Points made the end is coming Conclusion CONCLUSION Accordingly, As a result, In short, In summary, Consequently, On the whole, Finally, Hence, In brief, In conclusion, So Therefore, Thus, To conclude, This page was written by Judith Kilborn for the Write Place, St. Cloud State University, Minnesota, and may be copied for educational purposes only. If you copy this document, please include our copyright notice and the name of the writer; if you revise it, please add your name to the list of writers. URL: