Ivor Griffiths War. Ivor Griffiths War

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Ivor Griffiths War. Ivor Griffiths War"

Transcription

1 Ivor Griffiths War Ivor Griffiths was a Christmas child, born on the 25 th of December 1893 and a Welsh coal miner who fought in the Great War. Ivor was one of the boys who went to war in 1914, one of the boys who never came back. Private Griffiths, 1659, was killed at the Battle of Aubers Ridge in May He was my great uncle. This is the story of his war. Private Ivor Griffiths obituary photograph in a South Wales newspaper 1

2 Ivor and the army Ivor was born in the village of Penycoedcae, near Pontypridd. The son of John Griffiths and Mary Ann Griffiths, the whole family spoke both Welsh and English. The 1911 census records him as being a coal hewer. Like his father and his two elder brothers he worked in what the locals would have called the pit, at the face in a coal mine. In South Wales he would have borne the proud title of a collier. When not hewing at the coal face Ivor was the secretary of the Penycoedcae Football Club. Unlike his mother, Ivor was literate and he probably wrote letters home from France describing his experiences at the front. Sadly, none of his letters has survived. Twenty year old Ivor seems to have entered the Welsh Regiment s Special Reserve, the 3 rd Battalion, at around August 1914, though the date he enlisted is not available. Being a worker in the coal industry Ivor would have been required to obtain his pit manager s assent signature on his enlistment papers. However, there is some evidence that the recruitment sergeant at Pontypridd was not too diligent in enforcing this requirement. The 3 rd battalion was the home battalion based in the regimental depot. It was a feeder unit whose purpose was to assemble and train replacements for the two regular battalions (the 1 st & 2 nd ). There is almost no direct evidence available of Ivor s experience in the army as his army records were all lost as a result of bombing in 1940, but based on evidence of the location of his unit it is possible to reconstruct what was likely to have happened to him. The 3 rd battalion mustered at the regimental depot in Cardiff on 8 th August It expanded very rapidly as men joined up and the unit moved into accommodation in Cardiff Castle (a wing of the castle for the officers and tented for the men) courtesy of the Marquis of Bute. There is no information available on either Ivor s training or his service in the early months of his enlistment. However, the quality of the training programme appears to have been questionable. Robert Graves mentions men arriving at the front from the Cardiff depot who had never fired a rifle. One soldier asked Graves Excuse me sir, will you explain what this here arrangement is on the side of my rifle? It was the safety catch. The History of the Welsh Regiment mentions the shortage of equipment during the early months:..the men would have fared badly, but for private gifts of shirts, socks and boots, supplemented by enterprise in private purchasing. The first evidence available of Ivor s war is the date of his arrival in France. His medal roll records his date of disembarkation (in France) as being Sunday 29 th November On 30 th November, The Western Mail reported the departure of men 2

3 of the 3 rd Welsh from Cardiff. It reported that a draft of 500 who had been in training at Porthcawl for some time and had returned to Cardiff the previous week and were being billeted at the Westgate Street Rink (ie. the American Rolling Skating Rink, erected in 1908). Thus this massive corrugated iron building was where Ivor slept on his last ever night in Wales. The men had been under orders to move to France since the previous Friday and many relatives visited the rink to bid their menfolk farewell. On Saturday the 28 th the 3 rd Battalion paraded through the streets of Cardiff behind a band and the regimental mascot, a white goat, and the following morning the draft paraded at the castle at 05:00 and then marched off to the railway station at 06:30. They were again led by the regimental band and the regimental goat. As the draft left the castle the band struck up with the (hardly appropriate!) Men of Harlech ; later it played the hit of the moment Tipperary with the men joining in and singing lustily. In what we might today consider a serious breach of security, on 5 th December 1914 The Cardiff Times and South Wales and South Wales Weekly News reported that a draft of 500 men had been despatched to the 2 nd battalion, leaving from number four platform of Cardiff station bound for Southampton. It seems the ship carrying the draft left Southampton the same day they left Cardiff and arrived at a French port (likely, Le Havre) that same night. The page of the Welsh Regiment medal roll that records Ivor s arrival in France lists six other soldiers who sailed with him to France on that Sunday night. Five of the seven were to die there. With the Second Battalion The Welsh Regiment started the war with two battalions serving with the colours. The 1st was in India and the 2nd at home and was one of the regular units used to form the British Expeditionary Force (BEF). The 2nd battalion of the Welsh Regiment (hereinafter 2nd Welsh) was part of the 3rd Infantry Brigade, which was part of the 1st Infantry Division. The division went to France with the BEF in August 1914 and fought continuously thereafter. They were at Mons, the retreat into France and the advance to Belgium after the battle of the Marne. The 2nd Welsh was a very lucky unit and suffered almost no casualties during the first three months of the war. Their luck came to an end on 31st October 1914 near Ypres, when in the fighting around the village of Gheluvelt they were heavily engaged. The battalion was in the middle of the brigade dug in blocking the Menin - Ypres road that the Germans were trying to break through. On and off they continued to try to break through there for four long years. The battalion started that engagement with 12 officers and 600 men. They finished it with 3 officers and 50 men. Next day after some stragglers came in, some men rejoined the battalion and 50 reinforcements arrived from 3rd battalion. 2nd Welsh now had 4 officers and 148 men - they were re-organised into two companies (instead or the normal four). 3

4 The draft containing Ivor was one of several sent from the Regimental Depot to bring the 2 nd Welsh back to full strength. After arriving in France they then went on a five day train journey across France to Bailleul in Flanders where the 2nd battalion was rebuilding itself. They probably detrained at Bailleul, and perhaps some of them stopped in the French town to sample the novelty of French wine before marching off to the village of Oultersteene where the battalion was billeted. They arrived late at night and in the dark. It was raining. The 2nd had not been warned they were coming and there were no billets available. The draft of 500 men seems to have been a very mixed bunch and mainly elderly, old soldiers who had re-enlisted: young Ivor Griffiths was clearly an exception. The battalion was then reorganized into four companies again. Ivor Griffiths was posted to C company which was commanded by Lieutenant Hollingsworth (Gloucester Regiment). The battalion then had a strength of over a thousand men and fourteen officers; however only four of these were Welsh Regiment officers, with the rest being borrowed from other regiments, which may have made for some difficulty in understanding their men s heavy South Walian mining valley accents and argot. Ivor would have received his rifle in Wales. The standard infantry weapon was the Short Magazine Lee Enfield (SMLE), the.303 inch caliber weapon had a ten round magazine and was bolt operated. He would also have carried a seventeen inch 1907 pattern Wilkinson Sword bayonet. He would have worn the 1902 pattern service tunic made from heavy wool that was dyed green. The material was somewhat water resistant but, when it became saturated it was very difficult to dry. He would have worn a set of puttees wound around his ankles and a pair of hob nailed black ammunition boots. His webbing would have weighed about 32 kilo (just over 70 pounds) when loaded. He would have carried 150 rounds of ammunition, his greatcoat, a blanket and an entrenching tool. His haversack would have contained his mess kit, washing and shaving kit and personal items and (while in the line) the rest of his daily rations. The steel shrapnel helmets only started to be delivered to the troops in late 1915: Ivor Griffiths never wore one. On 20th December the 2 nd Welsh were billeted at Merville near the Belgian border. Ivor would certainly now be hearing the sound of the guns for the first time. At 04:00 on 20 th December the 3 rd Brigade marched in pouring rain from Merville to Bethune (one of the main British supply points and staging points for the salient (Ypres)). They arrived there after a four hour march. After a four hour wait a set of orders were issued for the Brigade to attack the German lines close to the village of Festubert. The Brigade then marched the 15 miles from Bethune via Gorre and arrived around Festubert at 13:45 on the 21 st of December. (Festubert is about a mere two miles from Richebourg, where fate was awaiting Ivor five months later). All of the 4

5 villages are so close together, driving from one to another takes a matter of minutes, marching would have taken a bit longer. Ivor was to spend his whole war in this corner of France. The area is flat, very flat. Aubers Ridge is barely seventy metres high, in any other area it would hardly qualify for the title of a ridge. The soil in the district is very fine grained and when wet turns to a glutinous clinging mud. There is an extensive and complex drainage system that is maintained by the local farmers and which removes surface water. This completely broke down after September 1914 when the area became too dangerous to farm. This was exacerbated by the damage caused by shellfire. It was an awful place to fight a war. Perhaps the ex-coal miners who had spent their working lives in dark, dirt and danger found adapting to life in the trenches easier than their colleagues who had never worked underground. On 20th December the Germans had launched an attack at Festubert and captured the front and support trenches from the Indian Corps who were holding the line. The First Division was now ordered to retake these trenches. The 3 rd Brigade attacked in the North with the Welsh in the centre, the South Wales Borderers (SWB) on their left and the Gloucesters on their right. The division did not have its supporting artillery units with it and the Indians had few heavy guns. As a consequence, the artillery support for the attack was minimal. At around 15:00 on the 21 st the Welsh started their attack. A & B companies advanced under heavy fire in the failing light. The German machine gun and rifle fire was intense. After the two leading companies took heavy casualties, C Company (with Ivor) led by Captain Frisby (Hampshires) was ordered forward to support them. C Company came immediately under heavy fire and Captain Frisby was badly wounded. The company then withdrew to reoroganise. The fighting all along the front went on all night (lit by the moon). The ground was very wet and slippery with thick mud. At 07:00 next morning, the 22 nd of December orders were given to restart the attack. Many of the troop s rifles were clogged with mud and inoperable. C Company, which was again commanded by Lieutenant Hollingsworth (Gloucester Regiment), went forward with two platoons in advance (where was Ivor?) The leading platoons came under very heavy fire and most of the men in the sections became casualties; Corporal Martin (11672) of C Company did sterling work in extricating the survivors. On the right the SWB made limited progress. On the left the Munsters early morning attack had initially made good progress but they were then pushed back to the start line. The 2nd Welsh lost three officers and 120 ORs (about a 20% casualty rate for officers, around 10% for ORs). The troops of the 3rd Brigade had marched long distances and had no sleep on the night of the 21st, their last meal had been on the morning of the 21st. They were exhausted, they had recovered the British support trenches lost on the 20th, but the former British 5

6 front lines trench was still in German hands. As Captain Rees (second in command of the Welsh) said; No advance across the Festubert marshes was possible unless supported by masses of artillery. So ended the twenty year old Ivor's first experience of battle. Merry Christmas After the 22nd the British and the Germans had fought themselves to exhaustion. There was a three day pause while both sides consolidated their positions and removed the wounded. On Christmas day (Ivor s twenty-first birthday) the fighting restarted. There was no sign of the famous Christmas truce on this part of the front. Lieutenant Hollingsworth of C Company led seventy men in an attempt to establish an outpost. The party dashed across the open ground under heavy fire. Four men were killed and Hollingsworth and another man were wounded. They did succeed in establishing a position 120 yards from the German line. The fighting on the 25 th may have delayed the distribution of post. Ivor like all the other men at the front would have been presented with his own Princess Mary s Christmas gift and also a Christmas card from the King. The latter was delivered on or about Christmas morning to each British and Indian soldier at the font, each sailor on the warships in commission and each of the wounded men in hospital. It had taken twelve men and fifty girls nine days to pack the cards and around three quarters of a million of them had been sent by 23 rd of December. In a remarkable administrative effort each card had been personally addressed to the soldier or sailor. It contained portraits of the King and Queen on one side and the message With our best wishes for Christmas May God protect you and bring you home safe. Mary R., George R.I. At Givenchy the fighting continued. On the 28 th of December a party of twenty five of the Welsh attempted to dig a sap to connect up to the SWB s lines, they came under heavy fire and suffered casualties before abandoning the enterprise. The weather was appalling: so miserable that the battalion s mascot goat who had marched with them since August succumbed to it and died. He was buried with due honour on the canal bank near Bethune. Robert Graves detailed the daily routine of life in the trenches. The day started with stand to for an hour before dawn, breakfast at eight o clock, then clean trenches and rifle inspection. After working all morning lunch was at twelve. Then work again until six in the evening when the evening meal was taken. There was another stand to for an hour at dusk. During the night the men would do two hour sentry shifts, then work 6

7 for two hours followed by two hours sleep. There was a large sleep debt to be repaid whenever the men came out of the line. When the troops came out of the line one of their very first pleasures was to take their boots off, sweet relief after wearing them constantly night and day. The battalion was relieved by an Indian cavalry unit on 8 th January and marched back down the La Bassée Road to Bethune for four well earned days of rest. Ivor came to know the La Bassée Road well, like so many British troops who travelled along it on their way to war: on 12 th January 1915 the 3 rd Infantry Brigade marched back down the road and made their way to the French village of Givenchy which is very close to Festubert. The Welsh occupied the village, or rather the remains of it, with the Gloucesters on their right and the SWB on their left. In the middle of the ruined village there was a massively built farm house surrounded by a courtyard. It had been converted into a strong point which reverting back to medieval fortification terms was known as the keep. The keep became battalion headquarters and the battalion reserve was quartered there. A Welsh wag decided that the building needed a title; it was then christened. A large smiling carnival mask was found and mounted on the wall above the title Keep Smiling. On 25 th January there was a German attack and around 150 German troops broke through the lines and advanced right up to Keep Smiling. Following heavy house to house fighting the defenders drove the Germans back and recaptured the main trench taking forty prisoners in the process. That day the battalion lost one officer and eighteen other ranks killed and two officers and thirty eight other ranks wounded. The 2 nd Welsh remained at Givenchy until late March, during which time the sector was relatively peaceful. A system of reliefs was organised and there were opportunities to move out of the line to rest and even the great luxury of taking a bath. There were probably opportunities for the men to get rid of the lice they had acquired during trench life. The 2 nd Welsh did not participate in the Battle of Neuve Chapelle that took place between 10 th and 13 th of March. However, the battle where the British army penetrated up to a mile through the main German line after minimal artillery preparation was to have a malign influence on the fate of the Battalion within two months. Both sides drew lessons from the battle. The Germans would never again face the British with weakly manned defences. For the British Neuve Chapelle sent a false signal; it appeared that a well pressed frontal infantry attack could succeed without extensive artillery support. This belief, which was to survive through 1915, was to seal the fate of Private Griffiths and thousands like him. 7

8 On 24th March the 3 rd Brigade moved to Neuve Chapelle and relieved the Indian troops of the Jullundur Brigade. The 2 nd Welsh took over from the Munsters and were delighted to find that instead of trenches their positions were behind elevated breastworks and were dry. There was continual low level fighting and during February to April the battalion lost thirteen men killed and sixty eight wounded. The Battle of Aubers Ridge a dud show When the front lines had been established in 1914, the Germans had established a large bulge, a threatening salient into France between Amiens and Rheims. The French (at the time very much the senior partner within the Allies) wanted to conduct an offensive to eliminate it. General Joffre (the French commander in chief) sent the French tenth army to attack the north side of the salient around Vimy. Sir John French agreed to launch an attack on Aubers Ridge in the South. If both attacks succeeded they would pinch out the German salient between them. The attacks were originally planned for March 1915 but were delayed by the slow build up of troops and ammunition and by the need to divert troops to deflect the German attack on Ypres during April. On 25 th April the British landings at Gallipoli started and the stretched supply of artillery shells was stretched even further. On 2 nd May French announced that the Aubers attack was to take place on 7 th May. Bad weather on 6 th & 7 th May caused a delay to the main French attack and the whole operation was then postponed to 9 th May. The British attack was to be a pincer attack with a northern and a southern wing: Private Griffiths and his comrades were to be with I Corps in the south. The attack was to follow the model used at Neuve Chapelle in March. A short and intense barrage was to precede a dawn mass infantry attack. There were high expectations that the initial attack would be successful. According to reports, the men were confident and in good spirit, and the 2 nd Welsh went up to the assault trenches singing, eager to participate in the bloodless victory they had been promised. During the night of 8/9 May the assault troops moved up and occupied the front line trenches. En route, they had dumped their packs and their blankets and collected the parapheralia of attack signal flags, scaling ladder etc. The move into the front trenches was a complex operation that had to be performed in total darkness and with minimal noise. The old troops had to come out of the front line in batches so as not to leave it dangerously unoccupied. The new troops had to be inserted in batches the front line trenches were too small to hold both units. The communication trenches were too narrow for parallel files to pass, there were some small passing bays. Switching 8

9 over units in the front line was one of the new arts of trench warfare that the troops had to master, but the operation went well. At around 03:30 the assault battalions were issued tea laced with rum. During the night, Royal Engineer units moved forward into no man s land and laid wooden plank duckboard bridges across the three yard wide stream in front of the British trenches. Unfortunately they used newly planed wood which, when it got light, stood out clearly against the dark soil. Each battalion established its own Regimental Aid Post in the immediate rear of their position. The Welsh RAP was probably on the Rue du Bois, the walking wounded would go there and stretcher bearers would bring the other wounded for attention Unlike the British in their damp trenches, the German engineers had built up their positions above ground, with coils of barbed wire in front to stall any attack. The Germans had learned the lessons of the penetration of their lines at Neuve Chappelle well, and had spent the next month improving the defences at Aubers ridge day and night. British army regulations said that surprise is the first and most important principle to be considered in planning an attack. However, there are several signs that the Germans were expecting a British attack in front of Aubers ridge. Early on the morning of the battle, troops of the 2 nd Brigade, lying on the ground in front of the German wire heard the German troops shouting to them that they had been expecting and awaiting the British attack. Dawn arrived at just after four a.m. on Sunday the 9 th of May. The front was described as quiet, it was a beautiful day. At 05:00 the divisional artillery barrage started. The lighter British guns (the eighteen pounders) fired shrapnel rounds at the German wire (this proved ineffective). The howitzers and heavy guns targetted the German emplacements. There were already casualties among the Welsh due to short rounds falling on the British positions. At 05:30 the gunners re-doubled their efforts and the bombardment intensified, after ten minutes the fire on the German front line lifted and was moved on to targets behind the German lines. The Welsh were to attack with two leading companies C (on the right) and B company on the left. The first wave of two platoons from each company were to advance and then go to ground in no man s land and the remaining two platoon (who would leave the trenches a minute later) would join them and together they would assault the German line. 9

10 At 05:40 when the barrage moved to the German rear areas the British went over the top. The second lieutenants leading their platoons would have used whistles to signal the attack. As the first wave emerged from their trenches they were met with a hail of small arms fire. The Germans had emerged from their shelters and manned their weapons. Ivor Griffiths was shot through the head and probably killed instantly In a letter home Lance Corporal J.H. Mammon (also of C Company) wrote that As soon as we got out the Germans opened a heavy artillery and machine gun fire on upon us. It was simply muderous. Men dropped like peas Poor Ivor Griffiths, Danycoadcae road, Pontypridd was killed. Death was instantaneous. A chap who was near him told me that he had got over our barricade, went on a little further, and dropped with a bullet through his head. He was a brave chap and so cheerful. The field where Ivor Griffiths died. The Welsh were advancing from the left to the right. The British trenches were where the houses on the Rue du Bois stand. 10

11 The same field When the second wave exited the trenches a minute later there was not a single member of the first wave still standing. Of those who had managed to survive and advance to the stream, many had fallen trying to cross the all too visible plank bridges.when the second wave got to the stream there were a few survivors standing in the stream sheltering. The survivors of the second wave joined them. The stream was to mark the furthest extent of the Welsh attack. At 07:00 there was an attempt to renew the attack with A and D companies. It withered under heavy fire and did not even reach the stream bed. The troops in the stream dug a shallow trench back to the British front line and around thirty survivors made it back to the British positions at around midday. Whereas the Welsh never got anywhere near the German trenches, the Munsters on the right of the Welsh did manage to briefly penetrate the German front line, but were soon forced out of it. The Gurkhas on the left of the Welsh also got nowehere near the German line. The morning attack was an utter failure. At 07:20 General Butcher Haking reported to his Corps commander that the attack had failed. 11

12 He offered to renew the attack with his reserve brigade (the Guards). At 08:00 reports of the failure of the attack reached General Haig, he ordered that another attempt should be made in the afternoon. It took until 16:00 for the troops to get into place. It was a repeat performance of the morning operation. The Black Watch managed to get some men into the German lines, but they were soon ejected. All of the other battalions attacks floundered as the troops emerged from their trenches. When it became clear that the afternoon attack had failed, Haking ordered another effort, finally his Brigade commanders had the bravery to rebel. They bluntly told Haking that a further attack had no chance of success and that it would merely increase casualties further. Haking backed down and allowed the shattered battalions to be withdrawn. In the evening, the survivors of the 2 nd Welsh were withdrawn to the village of Hinges where there were billets for them. Of the total strength of 862 the Welsh had taken 256 casualties (30%). Just like the southern attack, the northern attack which had been supported by the explosion of two underground mines was an equal disaster. Overall the battle (including the northern attack) cost the British army 10,840 casualties, there was no ground whatsoever gained as a result. After the battle Ivor Griffiths has no grave. He is commemorated on the Commonwealth War Graves memorial at Le Touret about a mile down the Rue du Bois from the location where he died. In the war office records, he is listed, like so many others, as missing. What happened to his body? As in the case of hundreds of thousand of the missing British (and indeed French and German) soldiers killed in the Great War we simply don t know. We can hazard a guess, but it will be no more than that. The bodies in proximity to the British trenches may have been recovered for reasons of hygiene; they would have then been buried in roughly marked graves behind the British lines. Those farther out in no-mans-land simply lay there until they decomposed. The ground was so flat and lacking in cover that no effort to recover the dead could be made without provoking further casualties. For the next three years the vagaries of the Flanders weather with its sun, rain and frost were to speed the disintegration of the dead. Three months after the battle of Aubers Ridge, a Captain Buckmaster was in the trenches at the Rue du Bois. He wrote Just over the parapet were the bodies of many of the 2 nd battalion of the Sussex Regiment.. There they lay facing the enemy, mummified 12

13 The area of Aubers Ridge was finally captured by the Allies in October A major in the RFA toured the battlefield and recorded in his diary that there were hundreds of skulls, bones and remains scattered thickly about. In November 1918 an Australian soldier touring the area around Fromelles reported that no-mans-land was simply full of our dead. Ivor s parents being his registered next of kin would have received a form in the post (the use of telegrams were reserved for communication of officer casualties only) reporting him as missing. After the war Ivor s parents were sent his trio, his medals. A Star, a British War Medal and the British Victory Medal, known collectively and irreverently as Pip, Squeak and Wilfred by the troops. General Butcher Haking was promoted by General Haig for his aggressive handling of the 1 st Division during the battle. Here was a general who was not afraid to push his subordinates to press the attack and to repeat it until it succeeded. He went on the repeat the tactics used at Aubers Ridge at the Battle of Loos the results were identical. In 1916 Haking tried again, this time at Fromelles with a mix of British and Australians troops. The same plan produced the same result. For his efforts Haking was awarded a GBE in the 1921 honours list. He retired in 1927 and died in He had outlived Ivor Griffiths by a full thirty years. 13

Men from the British Empire in the First World War

Men from the British Empire in the First World War In 1914, Britain ruled over one quarter of the world s surface area and 434 million people. This was known as the British Empire. When war broke out, Britain was desperate for men to fight. Unlike France,

More information

PUSD High Frequency Word List

PUSD High Frequency Word List PUSD High Frequency Word List For Reading and Spelling Grades K-5 High Frequency or instant words are important because: 1. You can t read a sentence or a paragraph without knowing at least the most common.

More information

I DO, WE DO, YOU DO: Siege at the Alamo. WE DO-READERS THEATRE: Enrique Esparza and the Battle of the Alamo

I DO, WE DO, YOU DO: Siege at the Alamo. WE DO-READERS THEATRE: Enrique Esparza and the Battle of the Alamo Name Date Page # I DO, WE DO, YOU DO: Siege at the Alamo WE DO-READERS THEATRE: Enrique Esparza and the Battle of the Alamo Characters: Narrator #1 Narrator #2 Enrique Esparza: an eight-year old boy living

More information

TEACHER S KEY SESSION 1. THE WORLD BEFORE THE GREAT WAR. PRETASK. 3. Pre- listening.

TEACHER S KEY SESSION 1. THE WORLD BEFORE THE GREAT WAR. PRETASK. 3. Pre- listening. TEACHER S KEY SESSION 1. THE WORLD BEFORE THE GREAT WAR. PRETASK 3. Pre- listening. 1. Before 1914, the nations of Europe were involved in a race to obtain overseas colonies all over the world, mainly

More information

British Empire Troops. First World War

British Empire Troops. First World War Ahmed Iqbal Ullah Education Trust British Empire Troops in the Title First World War Subtitle Empire and other troops More than 1,500,000 ethnic minority troops contributed to the work of the British Allied

More information

Fry Phrases Set 1. TeacherHelpForParents.com help for all areas of your child s education

Fry Phrases Set 1. TeacherHelpForParents.com help for all areas of your child s education Set 1 The people Write it down By the water Who will make it? You and I What will they do? He called me. We had their dog. What did they say? When would you go? No way A number of people One or two How

More information

The Terrain and Tactics of If You Survive

The Terrain and Tactics of If You Survive The Terrain and Tactics of If You Survive Mechelle Rouchon Course: History 498 Instructor: Dr. Harry Laver Assignment: Analysis First Lieutenant George Wilson served in the U.S. Army during the last, but

More information

EN AVANT! EN MASSE! Game Control Rules August 2008

EN AVANT! EN MASSE! Game Control Rules August 2008 EN AVANT! EN MASSE! Game Control Rules August 2008 A One Brain Cell Diceless Divisional Level Napoleonic Battle System Introduction Based on the En Avant! diceless battalion level game, this takes the

More information

http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/homefront/ 2

http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/homefront/ 2 Create your own Home Front diary for the Second World War Use the documents and photographs in our Home Front website as evidence to help you write a diary about how your life was affected by the Second

More information

THE MENIN GATE. The Last Post Ceremony. Matt Walsh. Table of content

THE MENIN GATE. The Last Post Ceremony. Matt Walsh. Table of content THE MENIN GATE The Last Post Ceremony Matt Walsh Table of content Topic Page Introduction Menin Gate and its relationship to Australia s Military History The Battle of Ypres The Menin Gate Buglers Who

More information

Guide to Sources Relating to Units of the Canadian Expeditionary Force. Tramways Companies, Canadian Engineers

Guide to Sources Relating to Units of the Canadian Expeditionary Force. Tramways Companies, Canadian Engineers Guide to Sources Relating to Units of the Canadian Expeditionary Force Tramways Companies, Canadian Engineers Tramways Companies, Canadian Engineers Introduction... 1 1 st Tramways Company, Canadian Engineers...

More information

Poster 5 - This is a primary source ; a poster ordered by the British government during the first world war. It was addressed to the English.

Poster 5 - This is a primary source ; a poster ordered by the British government during the first world war. It was addressed to the English. Poster 1 ordered by the British government during the first world war. It was addressed to English men to incite them to enlist in the British army. - A military leader, Lord Kitchener, is drawn and painted

More information

The Story of Ruby Bridges

The Story of Ruby Bridges The Story of Ruby Bridges Our Ruby taught us all a lot. She became someone who helped change our country. She was part of history, just like generals and presidents are part of history. They re leaders,

More information

Readers Theatre Gettysburg and Mr. Lincoln s Speech

Readers Theatre Gettysburg and Mr. Lincoln s Speech 245 Resource 17: Readers Theatre Gettysburg and Mr. Lincoln s Speech Gettysburg and Mr. Lincoln s Speech Script developed by Rasinski, T. (2004). Kent State University. 1304.109h/326.091 Parts (5): Narrators

More information

There are ten mistakes in this account. Underline them and correct them. were dead. Aramis told him that his mother was alive.

There are ten mistakes in this account. Underline them and correct them. were dead. Aramis told him that his mother was alive. 1The Bastille, Paris There are ten mistakes in this account. Underline them and correct them. It was a cool autumn night in 1660. Aramis went to the Bastille prison and told the guard of the prison that

More information

World War One. Campaign Medals. Defence Honours & Awards

World War One. Campaign Medals. Defence Honours & Awards World War One Campaign Medals Defence Honours & Awards From Australia s earliest involvement in war-like campaign service, medals were awarded under the Imperial system until the introduction of the Australian

More information

Lesson 1: Trouble over Taxes

Lesson 1: Trouble over Taxes Lesson 1 Summary Lesson 1: Trouble over Taxes Use with pages 268 273. Vocabulary Parliament Britain s law-making assembly Stamp Act law that placed a tax on printed materials in the colonies repeal cancel

More information

them scarf it down is gross. They eat more than we do and were rich.

them scarf it down is gross. They eat more than we do and were rich. Knights It is the time of ower lord 1066. I m Sterling the lll, and I m going to tell you a story of my great life, but very tough. It all starts out when I was a young boy running about our castle. My

More information

EKOLA Junior High School Bilingual Programme Entrance Test (1h15) Sample Paper. Result:

EKOLA Junior High School Bilingual Programme Entrance Test (1h15) Sample Paper. Result: EKOLA Junior High School Bilingual Programme Entrance Test (1h15) Sample Paper Name: Result: Task 1 Which notice says what? For questions 1 5, match the correct letter A H. 1. You do not have to pay extra

More information

Constitution vs Guerriere

Constitution vs Guerriere Constitution vs Guerriere A Classroom Skit This skit recounts the battle between USS Constitution and HMS Guerriere using many of the actual words said by men who took part in it. It takes approximately

More information

Fry s Sight Word Phrases

Fry s Sight Word Phrases The people Write it down By the water Who will make it? You and I What will they do? He called me. We had their dog. What did they say? When would you go? No way A number of people One or two How long

More information

GRADES: 4-5. Be like the stars of our faith-help care for the church! Tithe. to tithe is to share to tithe is to care

GRADES: 4-5. Be like the stars of our faith-help care for the church! Tithe. to tithe is to share to tithe is to care GRADES: 4-5 Be like the stars of our faith-help care for the church! Tithe to tithe is to share to tithe is to care Dear Student, As Orthodox Christians, we care about our faith and our church. One way

More information

The Name of Yahweh is a Strong Tower

The Name of Yahweh is a Strong Tower The Name of Yahweh is a Strong Tower by Rev. John Cortright The book of Proverbs offers a tremendous metaphor describing the strength and safety in the name of Yahweh. Proverbs 18:10 The name of the LORD

More information

The First World War. What digital educational resources are available online?

The First World War. What digital educational resources are available online? The First World War What digital educational resources are available online? Phil Bracegirdle SEGfL Associates National Archives The important role women played in the First World War The National Archive

More information

IDPA 3-gun Shoot Spring 2013 Stage instructions

IDPA 3-gun Shoot Spring 2013 Stage instructions IDPA 3-gun Shoot Spring 2013 Stage instructions Stage 1: Rifle Skill at Arms Course of Fire: 3 positions standing, kneeling, prone No Concealment Round Count: 18 rounds rifle Target Distance: 20-60 yard

More information

Key stages 1 & 2 Lesson plans

Key stages 1 & 2 Lesson plans Remembrance - What does the poppy mean? Why people wear a poppy. What is the significance of a poppy. Who makes the poppy. What a symbol of Remembrance is. The Royal British Legion section of the CD Rom.

More information

IRON STORM (WALKTHROUGH)

IRON STORM (WALKTHROUGH) IRON STORM (WALKTHROUGH) LEVEL 1 Collect as many ammunition and weapons as possible in the Headquarters including the Sniper rifle in the dormitory. Exit the Headquarters by following the 'Front lines'

More information

The 2015 Bruges Classic Car Festival

The 2015 Bruges Classic Car Festival The 2015 Bruges Classic Car Festival Enjoy a Wonderful 4 Day, 3 Night Break to the Bruges Classic Car Festival Join Scenic & Continental Car Tours and Eddy LePez on this extremely popular weekend break

More information

The Battle of Passchendaele

The Battle of Passchendaele The Battle of Passchendaele Canada's Second Vimy Ridge, The Third Battle of Ypres. Presentation, Research, and Organization by: Megan Negrych The Terrain Shelling from both sides left the terrain decimated.

More information

The Korean War Veteran. Respect and Appreciation grows for Canada s Military

The Korean War Veteran. Respect and Appreciation grows for Canada s Military The Korean War Veteran Internet Journal - November 9, 2011 (Filed from Korea) Respect and Appreciation grows for Canada s Military By Peter Worthington grown across the country. Lieutenant Peter Worthington

More information

Guide to Sources Relating to Units of the Canadian Expeditionary Force. Tunnelling Companies and Canadian Engineers

Guide to Sources Relating to Units of the Canadian Expeditionary Force. Tunnelling Companies and Canadian Engineers Guide to Sources Relating to Units of the Canadian Expeditionary Force Tunnelling Companies and Canadian Engineers Tunnelling Companies and Canadian Engineers Introduction... 1 No. 1 Tunnelling Company,

More information

BUILDING THE FRONT 100 YEARS BATTLE OF PASSCHENDAELE THE FINAL OFFENSIVE: THE YANKS ARE COMING COMMEMO RATIO N P RO GRAM

BUILDING THE FRONT 100 YEARS BATTLE OF PASSCHENDAELE THE FINAL OFFENSIVE: THE YANKS ARE COMING COMMEMO RATIO N P RO GRAM 2016 2017 2018 100 YEARS BATTLE OF PASSCHENDAELE THE FINAL OFFENSIVE: THE YANKS ARE COMING COMMEMO RATIO N P RO GRAM FRONT 14/18 - WORLD WAR I IN 3D 10.04 7.08 / Church Zonnebeke / Free of charge This

More information

Albert James Wilkins 1893-1958

Albert James Wilkins 1893-1958 Albert James Wilkins 1893-1958 Albert James Wilkins (1893-1958) Albert James Wilkins was born on the 11th February 1983, he was the first child of Albert and Minnie Alice Wilkins who were living at 40,

More information

THEME: God desires for us to demonstrate His love!

THEME: God desires for us to demonstrate His love! Devotion NT320 CHILDREN S DEVOTIONS FOR THE WEEK OF: LESSON TITLE: The Gift of Love THEME: God desires for us to demonstrate His love! SCRIPTURE: 1 Corinthians 13:1-13 Dear Parents Welcome to Bible Time

More information

Curragh History Archives

Curragh History Archives Irish Army Units Stationed in the Command Area Curragh Camp 1923-2009 1923 The following is a list of units stationed at the Curragh in 1823 CURRAGH COMMAND 1923 29th Garrison Infantry Battalion 43rd Garrison

More information

A BRIEF HISTORY OF US MILITARY VETERANS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

A BRIEF HISTORY OF US MILITARY VETERANS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA A BRIEF HISTORY OF US MILITARY VETERANS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA From the American Revolution through the current wars in the Middle East, University of Pennsylvania students, faculty, and staff

More information

Bible for Children. presents JOSHUA TAKES CHARGE

Bible for Children. presents JOSHUA TAKES CHARGE Bible for Children presents JOSHUA TAKES CHARGE Written by: Edward Hughes Illustrated by: Janie Forest Adapted by: Ruth Klassen Produced by: Bible for Children www.m1914.org 2007 Bible for Children, Inc.

More information

When did you enter the military?

When did you enter the military? John Lupardi WWII When did you enter the military? In January Thirty- first, 1945. But I enlisted in June, 1944, in High School. How old were you when you entered and how long were you in the military?

More information

YPRES SALIENT Besieged city

YPRES SALIENT Besieged city YPRES SALIENT Besieged city Dear student, This worksheet is meant to allow you to pause for a moment longer by certain items in the museum. This doesn t mean you cannot look around at other objects, stories

More information

Fast Play Napoleonic Wargame Rules 1.1 by Jon Linney

Fast Play Napoleonic Wargame Rules 1.1 by Jon Linney Fast Play Napoleonic Wargame Rules 1.1 by Jon Linney These rules provide a fast paced game with simple rule mechanisms that allow players to concentrate on their tactics and enjoy the 'look' of their tabletop

More information

CLASS U - MILITARY SCIENCE

CLASS U - MILITARY SCIENCE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CLASSIFICATION OUTLINE CLASS U - MILITARY SCIENCE For military history, see D-F (Click each subclass for details) Subclass U Subclass UA Subclass UB Subclass UC Subclass UD Subclass

More information

THEME: We should take every opportunity to tell others about Jesus.

THEME: We should take every opportunity to tell others about Jesus. Devotion NT307 CHILDREN S DEVOTIONS FOR THE WEEK OF: LESSON TITLE: Paul Goes Before Agrippa THEME: We should take every opportunity to tell others about Jesus. SCRIPTURE: Acts 25:13 26:32 Dear Parents

More information

Devotion NT267 CHILDREN S DEVOTIONS FOR THE WEEK OF: LESSON TITLE: The Second Coming. THEME: Jesus is coming again. SCRIPTURE: Matthew 24:27-31

Devotion NT267 CHILDREN S DEVOTIONS FOR THE WEEK OF: LESSON TITLE: The Second Coming. THEME: Jesus is coming again. SCRIPTURE: Matthew 24:27-31 Devotion NT267 CHILDREN S DEVOTIONS FOR THE WEEK OF: LESSON TITLE: The Second Coming THEME: Jesus is coming again. SCRIPTURE: Matthew 24:27-31 Dear Parents Welcome to Bible Time for Kids. Bible Time for

More information

Belgian Delights - Champagne, Chocolate & Beer

Belgian Delights - Champagne, Chocolate & Beer Belgian Delights - Champagne, Chocolate & Beer Enjoy a wonderful 2 or 3 Night Break to Belgium Staying in the picture-postcard Town of Leuven Just a stone s throw from Brussels stands the old Burgundian

More information

The Friendship of Washington and His Adopted Son, the Marquis de Lafayette

The Friendship of Washington and His Adopted Son, the Marquis de Lafayette The Friendship of Washington and His Adopted Son, the Marquis de Lafayette Diplomatic Reception Rooms U.S. DEPARTMENT of STATE Adolphe Phalipon (active c.1825 1880) Marquis de Lafayette c.1825 oil on canvas

More information

The Shield of Faith. Pre-Session Warm Up. Opening Prayer. Memory Verse. Lesson

The Shield of Faith. Pre-Session Warm Up. Opening Prayer. Memory Verse. Lesson Pre-Session Warm Up The Shield of Faith (Ephesians 6:16) Would you believe me if I told you that if you fell backward into my arms, I would catch you and not let you hit the floor? [Teacher, have several

More information

IN A SMALL PART OF THE CITY WEST OF

IN A SMALL PART OF THE CITY WEST OF p T h e L a s t L e a f IN A SMALL PART OF THE CITY WEST OF Washington Square, the streets have gone wild. They turn in different directions. They are broken into small pieces called places. One street

More information

Contents. Introduction 4. Joseph-Michel Montgolfier 7. Louis Blériot 19. Charles Lindbergh 31. Amelia Earhart 45. Amy Johnson 59.

Contents. Introduction 4. Joseph-Michel Montgolfier 7. Louis Blériot 19. Charles Lindbergh 31. Amelia Earhart 45. Amy Johnson 59. Contents Introduction 4 Joseph-Michel Montgolfier 7 Louis Blériot 19 Charles Lindbergh 31 Amelia Earhart 45 Amy Johnson 59 Glossary 73 Joseph-Michel Montgolfier 1740 1810 the man who helped humans to fly

More information

ENGELSKA NIVÅTEST (1) Medel Sid 1(7)

ENGELSKA NIVÅTEST (1) Medel Sid 1(7) Medel Sid 1(7) Namn: Poäng: Nivå : Adress: Tel: Complete each sentence with one item from those given below. Use each item once only. Note: Each question has One mark. You must have all words in the correct

More information

YEAR 1: Kings, Queens and Leaders (6 lessons)

YEAR 1: Kings, Queens and Leaders (6 lessons) YEAR 1: Kings, Queens and Leaders (6 lessons) Contents Include: The United Kingdom and the Union Jack Kings and Queens The Magna Carta Charles I Parliament The Prime Minister Suggested Teacher Resources:

More information

GOAL 5 LESSON PLAN HIGH SCHOOL. The Home Front

GOAL 5 LESSON PLAN HIGH SCHOOL. The Home Front GOAL 5 LESSON PLAN HIGH SCHOOL GRADES: High School APPROXIMATE LENGTH OF TIME: 50 minutes GOAL: Students will develop a concept of what life was like for those on the home front and evaluate the role of

More information

Walter Tull & Arthur Wharton

Walter Tull & Arthur Wharton CEA@Islington Ethnic Minority Achievement Walter Tull & Arthur Wharton Britain's First Black Professional Footballers 1 Contents Foreword 3 Teaching activities 4 Websites 5 Information sheets - Walter

More information

Ron Beal. A Canadian POW story Interviewed on November 22, 2011. By Richard Laramie

Ron Beal. A Canadian POW story Interviewed on November 22, 2011. By Richard Laramie Ron Beal A Canadian POW story Interviewed on November 22, 2011 By Richard Laramie Ron Beal enlistment photo Ron Beal enlisted because he was part of the regiment already as a bugler and it was expected

More information

Soldiers in the Philippines Lesson Plan. Central Historical Question: What accounted for American atrocities during the Philippine-American War?

Soldiers in the Philippines Lesson Plan. Central Historical Question: What accounted for American atrocities during the Philippine-American War? Soldiers in the Philippines Lesson Plan Central Historical Question: What accounted for American atrocities during the Philippine-American War? Materials: Copies of U.S. in the Philippines Timeline Copies

More information

Kino, Juana and Coyotito

Kino, Juana and Coyotito 1 Kino, Juana and Coyotito K ino woke up early in the morning. The stars were still shining in the sky. The cockerels were beginning to crow 1 and the pigs were looking for something to eat. Outside the

More information

Webquest: The Dog of Pompeii by Louis Untermeyer

Webquest: The Dog of Pompeii by Louis Untermeyer Name Date Webquest: The Dog of Pompeii by Louis Untermeyer http://www.history.com/topics/ancient history/pompeii Watch the 2 minute video. Pay special attention to where Pompeii is and where Vesuvius is

More information

LESSON TITLE: Jesus Heals Blind Bartimaeus

LESSON TITLE: Jesus Heals Blind Bartimaeus Devotion NT257 CHILDREN S DEVOTIONS FOR THE WEEK OF: LESSON TITLE: Jesus Heals Blind Bartimaeus THEME: Jesus always has time for us! SCRIPTURE: Mark 10:46-52 Dear Parents Welcome to Bible Time for Kids!

More information

Mammon and the Archer

Mammon and the Archer O. H e n r y p Mammon and the Archer OLD ANTHONY ROCKWALL, WHO HAD MADE millions of dollars by making and selling Rockwall s soap, stood at a window of his large Fifth Avenue house. He was looking out

More information

Zeltbahn tents and shelters

Zeltbahn tents and shelters Zeltbahn tents and shelters Zeltbahn shelter A single Zeltbahn could be used to provide protection against wind and rain by arranging the shelter quarter at an angle with the tip attached to a tree, post

More information

2005-2006 Page 1 0f 6. amplified by the presence of aircraft. Modern aircraft can deliver anything from food and

2005-2006 Page 1 0f 6. amplified by the presence of aircraft. Modern aircraft can deliver anything from food and 2005-2006 Page 1 0f 6 Today, airplanes are a vital and natural part of any war. A major ground assault is always preceded by an aerial bombing campaign, and the effectiveness of the infantry assault is

More information

US 5th Army 15th Army Group 23 April 1945

US 5th Army 15th Army Group 23 April 1945 Headquarters, Fifth Army British Increment, Fifth Army 1 US 5th Army 15th Army Group 23 April 1945 92nd Infantry Division: 365th Infantry Regiment (Colored) 370th Infantry Regiment (Colored) 371st Infantry

More information

THE WARFARE OF PRAYER EPHESIANS 6:10-18

THE WARFARE OF PRAYER EPHESIANS 6:10-18 THE WARFARE OF PRAYER EPHESIANS 6:10-18 Text: Ephesians 6:10-12, 18 Ephesians 6:10-12 10 Finally, my brethren, be strong in the Lord, and in the power of his might. 11 Put on the whole armour of God, that

More information

LIFE OF CHRIST from the gospel of. Luke. Lesson 13 Journey to the Cross: Jesus is Arrested/ Peter Denies Jesus

LIFE OF CHRIST from the gospel of. Luke. Lesson 13 Journey to the Cross: Jesus is Arrested/ Peter Denies Jesus LIFE OF CHRIST from the gospel of Luke Lesson 13 Journey to the Cross: Jesus is Arrested/ Peter Denies Jesus Luke 22:31-34;47 34;47-71 71 Mission Arlington/Mission Metroplex Curriculum/Life of Christ/Gospel

More information

World Book Online: The trusted, student-friendly online reference tool. Name: Date:

World Book Online: The trusted, student-friendly online reference tool. Name: Date: World Book Online: The trusted, student-friendly online reference tool. World Book Student Database Name: Date: American Civil War: Battles Have you ever visited a battlefield from the Civil war or any

More information

The Trinity is a mystery. Even great theologians don t completely understand it, and some scholars spend their whole lives studying it.

The Trinity is a mystery. Even great theologians don t completely understand it, and some scholars spend their whole lives studying it. Holy Trinity Sunday In the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit Mathew 28:16-20 Sometimes when I m leading chapel for our preschoolers, I ask a question like: Who was born in Bethlehem? And one of

More information

Student Lesson. Iwo Jima! Where Are You? Geography Lesson

Student Lesson. Iwo Jima! Where Are You? Geography Lesson Student Lesson Geography Lesson LESSON TITLE: Iwo Jima! Where are you? GRADE LEVEL: 7 12 EALRS: Social Studies: History 1.2 analyze the historical development of events, people, places, and patterns of

More information

LESSON TITLE: Jesus is the Way, the Truth, and the Life

LESSON TITLE: Jesus is the Way, the Truth, and the Life Devotion NT271 CHILDREN S DEVOTIONS FOR THE WEEK OF: LESSON TITLE: Jesus is the Way, the Truth, and the Life THEME: We can always trust Jesus. SCRIPTURE: John 14:1-6 Dear Parents Welcome to Bible Time

More information

1. BODY AND SOUL 2. ATOMIC BOMB 3. GOOD NAME

1. BODY AND SOUL 2. ATOMIC BOMB 3. GOOD NAME 1. BODY AND SOUL When I play my kind of music I m playing for your Body and Soul When I sing my kind of song I m singing for your Body and Soul If you find yourself feeling happy Better come and dance

More information

A Day in the Life of a Revolutionary Soldier

A Day in the Life of a Revolutionary Soldier A Day in the Life of a Revolutionary Soldier Standards Addressed: Social Studies 4-3.6: Compare the daily life and roles of diverse groups of Americans during and after the Revolutionary War, including

More information

FORM 5 ENGLISH TIME: 15 minutes Listening Comprehension. Instructions for the conduct of the Listening Comprehension Examination

FORM 5 ENGLISH TIME: 15 minutes Listening Comprehension. Instructions for the conduct of the Listening Comprehension Examination DIRECTORATE FOR QUALITY AND STANDARDS IN EDUCATION Department for Curriculum Management and elearning Educational Assessment Unit Annual Examinations for Secondary Schools 2011 Track 1 FORM 5 ENGLISH TIME:

More information

Butterfly Lion - Michael Morpurgo

Butterfly Lion - Michael Morpurgo Butterfly Lion - Michael Morpurgo This activity was developed as a prequel to reading or as an encouragement to reading this transition text. The webadress for this activity is: This activity was last

More information

distinguished guests,

distinguished guests, Toespraak van de minister van Defensie, E. van Middelkoop, ter gelegenheid van de herdenking op de Amerikaanse militaire begraafplaats Margraten op 30 mei 2010 te Margraten. Let op: Alleen gesproken woord

More information

Getting Started tutorial for First World War

Getting Started tutorial for First World War Getting Started tutorial for First World War Welcome to the latest edition to the Squad Battles series of games, First World War. This title covers various battles from The Great War. You will command

More information

Sam Houston, 1793-1863: An Early Leader of Texas

Sam Houston, 1793-1863: An Early Leader of Texas 12 November 2011 voaspecialenglish.com Sam Houston, 1793-1863: An Early Leader of Texas Cavalry soldiers line up at Fort Sam Houston, Texas loc.gov (You can download an MP3 of this story at voaspecialenglish.com)

More information

CHARACTERISTICS OF RADIO

CHARACTERISTICS OF RADIO MODULE - 3 Characteristics of 9 CHARACTERISTICS OF RADIO You probably know the story of Sanjay in the Mahabharata who described the war to Dritharasthtra who could not see. Sanjay could see the war with

More information

Teacherʼs introduction to the site

Teacherʼs introduction to the site TEACHER S GUIDE Teacherʼs introduction to the site Gallipoli: The First Day is a 3D documentary website about the First World War landing of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) on the Gallipoli

More information

Kilkenny Castle Trail Background Information

Kilkenny Castle Trail Background Information Kilkenny Castle Trail Background Information When Strongbow and the other Norman knights came to Kilkenny in 1172, the high ground beside the river was chosen as an ideal site on which to build a wooden

More information

Newport RI Naval history

Newport RI Naval history Newport RI Naval history During the years of the Newport s heavy involvement in the Triangular Trade, the English considered establishing a navy yard at Newport. Robert Melville was hired to conduct a

More information

TEST BOOK AND ANSWER KEY

TEST BOOK AND ANSWER KEY The Story of the World TEST BOOK AND ANSWER KEY Volume 1: Ancient Times Peace Hill Press Charles City, Virginia www.peacehillpress.com How to Use These Tests and Answer Key These Tests and their accompanying

More information

BIBLE LESSON # 18 1.

BIBLE LESSON # 18 1. BIBLE LESSON 1. Jacob was on a long journey going to his father's home. Jacob had his wives and children with him and he had many cows and donkeys and sheep and camels as well. Jacob's twin brother Esau,

More information

"Americans at War in Foreign Forces: A History, 1914-1945 (Book Review)" by Chris Dickon

Americans at War in Foreign Forces: A History, 1914-1945 (Book Review) by Chris Dickon Canadian Military History Volume 25 Issue 1 Article 11 3-24-2016 "Americans at War in Foreign Forces: A History, 1914-1945 (Book Review)" by Chris Dickon Tyler Wentzell Recommended Citation Wentzell, Tyler

More information

AVOIDING FANSTASY GUNFIGHT TRAINING

AVOIDING FANSTASY GUNFIGHT TRAINING TRAINING FOR THE REAL FIGHT OR AVOIDING FANSTASY GUNFIGHT TRAINING Realistic training for a future gunfight is critical for a successful outcome. My combat experiences have taught me to reevaluate my training

More information

The Russian Army in the Russo - Japanese War

The Russian Army in the Russo - Japanese War The Russian Army in the Russo - Japanese War Another reason was the ill condition of the Russian Army. Old fashioned command structures and bureaucracy slowed down army decissions and even more important:

More information

Education Service World War One : A Soldiers Record What can we find out?

Education Service World War One : A Soldiers Record What can we find out? Education Service World War One : A Soldiers Record What can we find out? This resource was produced using documents from the collections of The National Archives. It can be freely modified and reproduced

More information

Devotion NT347 CHILDREN S DEVOTIONS FOR THE WEEK OF: LESSON TITLE: The Hall of Faith. THEME: God wants us to trust Him. SCRIPTURE: Hebrews 11:1-40

Devotion NT347 CHILDREN S DEVOTIONS FOR THE WEEK OF: LESSON TITLE: The Hall of Faith. THEME: God wants us to trust Him. SCRIPTURE: Hebrews 11:1-40 Devotion NT347 CHILDREN S DEVOTIONS FOR THE WEEK OF: LESSON TITLE: The Hall of Faith THEME: God wants us to trust Him. SCRIPTURE: Hebrews 11:1-40 Dear Parents Welcome to Bible Time for Kids! This is a

More information

The Birth of Jesus Foretold

The Birth of Jesus Foretold GOSPEL STORY CURRICULUM (NT) PRESCHOOL LESSON 1 The Birth of Jesus Foretold LUKE 1:26 38 BIBLE TRUTH THE BABY TO BE BORN TO MARY WOULD BE THE SAVIOR OF THE WORLD l e s s o n snapshot 1. OPENING ACTIVITY

More information

JUST A LITTLE CHRISTMAS

JUST A LITTLE CHRISTMAS Type: For: Characters: Costumes: Props: Optional: Sound: Setting: JUST A LITTLE CHRISTMAS A Christmas Skit Elementary age children (Children s Version) About 12 actors and actresses: Narrators (1-3) Mary

More information

Chapter 9: The Policies of Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson

Chapter 9: The Policies of Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson Chapter 9: The Policies of Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson Department of State, Department of Treasury, Department of War, Attorney General, Postmaster General : 5 government departments established

More information

A long, long time ago, there lived. a very rich prince. He lived in a huge. palace with gold and silver ornaments

A long, long time ago, there lived. a very rich prince. He lived in a huge. palace with gold and silver ornaments A long, long time ago, there lived a very rich prince. He lived in a huge palace with gold and silver ornaments everywhere. He had riches beyond the wildest dreams of ordinary boys and girls. The rooms

More information

Phonics. High Frequency Words P.008. Objective The student will read high frequency words.

Phonics. High Frequency Words P.008. Objective The student will read high frequency words. P.008 Jumping Words Objective The student will read high frequency words. Materials High frequency words (P.HFW.005 - P.HFW.064) Choose target words. Checkerboard and checkers (Activity Master P.008.AM1a

More information

Military Reliability Modeling William P. Fox, Steven B. Horton

Military Reliability Modeling William P. Fox, Steven B. Horton Military Reliability Modeling William P. Fox, Steven B. Horton Introduction You are an infantry rifle platoon leader. Your platoon is occupying a battle position and has been ordered to establish an observation

More information

King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table

King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table MACMILLAN READERS INTERMEDIATE LEVEL STEPHEN COLBOURN King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table MACMILLAN Contents A Note About These Stories A Picture Dictionary The People in These Stories The Coming

More information

LESSON TITLE: Jesus Visits Mary and Martha THEME: Jesus wants us to spend time with \ Him. SCRIPTURE: Luke 10:38-42

LESSON TITLE: Jesus Visits Mary and Martha THEME: Jesus wants us to spend time with \ Him. SCRIPTURE: Luke 10:38-42 Devotion NT249 CHILDREN S DEVOTIONS FOR THE WEEK OF: LESSON TITLE: Jesus Visits Mary and Martha THEME: Jesus wants us to spend time with \ Him. SCRIPTURE: Luke 10:38-42 Dear Parents Welcome to Bible Time

More information

Fire and Fury Notes : Liberators - Napoleonic Wars

Fire and Fury Notes : Liberators - Napoleonic Wars Fire and Fury Notes : Liberators - Napoleonic Wars All rules in Regimental Fire and Fury (RFnF) as normal except as noted below. Numerous self explanatory changes are made on the playsheet ϔǤThese rules

More information

God Sends the Holy Spirit (Pentecost)

God Sends the Holy Spirit (Pentecost) God Sends the Holy Spirit (Pentecost) Teacher Pep Talk: It had been 10 days since Jesus ascended into Heaven. He had promised to send the Holy Spirit to be with His disciples forever. On Pentecost, when

More information

11.) France and the U.S. had a special. A.) independence B.) freedom C.) relationship D.) gift

11.) France and the U.S. had a special. A.) independence B.) freedom C.) relationship D.) gift 8 th Form Olympiad 2013 Round I Listening Comprehension Section 1 Directions: Listen to the story, The Statue of Liberty, and mark True (+) or False (-) next to the number. 1.) Twelve people can stand

More information

EXCEPT for small forces sent to

EXCEPT for small forces sent to Chapter VIII AM ERI C AN OPERATIONS I N I T AL Y A N D NORT HERN R U S S IA to dissipating its strength by sending t roops to other theaters of operations, as often proposed by Allied governments. In two

More information

THEME: We need to completely trust in Jesus.

THEME: We need to completely trust in Jesus. Devotion NT238 CHILDREN S DEVOTIONS FOR THE WEEK OF: LESSON TITLE: Jesus Walks on Water THEME: We need to completely trust in Jesus. SCRIPTURE: Mark 6:45-52 Dear Parents Welcome to Bible Time for Kids!

More information

13. Jesus is Anointed by Mary

13. Jesus is Anointed by Mary 13. Jesus is Anointed by Mary Studying God s Word Bible Reference John 12: 1-8 Memory Verse Psalm 116:12 How can I repay the Lord for all his goodness to me? Bible Background In all four Gospels we find

More information