Bicycles as public-individual transport European developments

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Bicycles as public-individual transport European developments"

Sandra Waters
7 years ago
Views:

1 Bicycles as public-individual transport European developments Sebastian Bührmann Rupprecht Consult Forschung & Beratung GmbH Cologne, Germany MEETBIKE European Conference on Bicycle Transport and Networking 3rd 4th April 2008, Dresden

Forschung & Beratung GmbH Cologne, Germany MEETBIKE

2 Content The boom of public bicycles Characteristics and examples European developments Success factors & challenges Integration with public transport Future developments

3 The NICHES project Promoting the most promising new urban transport concepts, initiatives and projects to help moving them from their current niche position to a mainstream urban transport policy application. Public bicycles examined as one of 12 innovative concepts

from their current niche position to a mainstream urban transport

4 The boom of public bicycle schemes Viena Helsinki Copenhagen Munich Rennes Drammen Córdoba Cuneo Frankfurt Oslo GÖTEBORG London Prague Trondheim Alba Barí Berlin Burgos Parma Leipzig Barcelona Orleans Aix-en-Provence Washington DC Sevilla Lyon Brussels Amsterdam Stuttgart Montreal San Francisco Pistoia Leipzig Paris Tel Aviv Krakow Buenos Aires Stockholm Novara Pamplona Gijón Bejing Hamburg Portland? Brasil?

Orleans Aix-en-Provence Washington DC Sevilla Lyon Brussels Amsterdam Stuttgart Montreal San Francisco

5 A new transport mode Very quickly, we've moved from being a curiosity to a new urban transport mode. We invented the public-individual transport. Gilles Vesco, Vice-président du Grand Lyon, France, on the vélo v scheme

6 Characteristics Innovative schemes of rental or free bicycles in urban areas Can be used for daily mobility as one-wayuse is possible Part of the public transport system Differ from traditional, mostly leisure-oriented bicycle rental services as they provide fast and easy access Have diversified in organisational layout, the business models and the applied technology towards smart bikes (automated rental process via smart card or mobile phone)

bicycle rental services as they provide fast and easy access Have diversified in organisational layout, the

7 Making a real change?

8 Lyon - Vélo v (since 2005) 3,100 bicycles in use 340 stations > 100,000 users 16,700 rentals per day 80% increase in public and private bicycle use Reduction of bicycle related accidents

9 Barcelona Bicing (since March 2007) Spring 2008: 6,000 bicycles, 400 stations 118,000 registered users rentals per bike/day Motivation for use: travel time, sport, comfort, ecology, practical, cheap

users 13-15 15 rentals per bike/day Motivation for

10 Paris Vélib (since July 2007) 20,600 bicycles 1,451 stations The Vélorution 75,000 trips/day (nice weather up to 140,000)

11 A mature concept spreading over Europe

12 City Name Operator started # bicycles # stations Rennes Vélo à la Carte Clear Channel Munich Call a Bike DB Rent flexible 135 places for all over the Netherlands OV-fiets Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS) 2002 flexible - Viena City Bike Gevista (JCD) Lyon Vélo v JCDecaux Burgos Bicibur ITCL Brussels Cyclocity JCDecaux Stockholm City Bikes Clear Channel Barcelona Bicing Clear Channel spring spring 2008 Paris Vélib JCDecaux spring spring 2008

13 Diversity of system approaches The hippie approach (free white bikes) Fully controlled (deposit and personal info) (e.g. Call a bike, Bicing) Manual (e.g. Vélostation Chambéry) Flexible without station (e.g. call a bike) Automatic (e.g. Bicing) Fixed stations (e.g. Vélib ) Mobile phone access (e.g. Call a Bike) Smartcard access (e.g. Vélib, Bicing)

g. call a bike) Automatic (e.g. Bicing) Fixed stations (e.g. Vélib ) Mobile phone access (e.

14 European developments The forerunners Places with pronounced bicycle culture (e.g. Copenhagen 1995) Places that recognised early potential to promote cycling and to provide additional service to citizens (e.g. Rennes 1998) Mobility providers (e.g. DB Rent s call a bike, OV fiets) The dynamic followers Door opener to promote urban cycling (e.g. Lyon, Barcelona) Particularly dynamic markets France and Spain (large scale schemes, but also many medium sized cities) Awakening interest New member states (e.g. Krakow) white spots on the map of public bicycles become smaller

g. DB Rent s call a bike, OV fiets) The dynamic followers Door opener to promote urban cycling (e.g. Lyon, Barcelona) Particularly dynamic

15 European developments Service operators Only few big players Increasingly competitive market Many mature schemes Since last year many smaller providers (especially Spain) European network of cities planned upon initiative of City of Barcelona (could include Paris, Lyon, Stockholm, Sevilla and others)

providers (especially Spain) European network of cities planned upon

16 Selected success factors Well thought layout and scale of scheme and (nearly) free use (e.g. Lyon) Integrated approaches to cycling and overall transport strategy (e.g. Paris) Stakeholder cooperation, example Barcelona: Commisió de la Bicicleta de Barcelona Strategic plan Intergrup de la Bicicleta de Catalunya delegates of regional parliament Local champions Promotion and communication

17 Spanish example of national promotion Funding and promotion of idea through IDAE Action plan to promote the public bicycle ( ) Funding for 44 cities to prepare public bicycle schemes (focus on medium size inhabitants) National conference on public bicycles (fall 2007) & Guidance document on implementation for cities ( + local investments in bicycle infrastructure (e.g. Sevilla)

18 Challenges Get it started: not as easy as it seems (integrated approach, infrastructure, scale of scheme and layout, traffic safety etc.) Financing PPP: outdoor advertisement contract (e.g. Rennes, Lyon) Service paid through parking revenues or other incomes (e.g. Barcelona, 10 years - 22,3 Mio. ) Advertisements on bicycles (e.g. OYbike, nextbike) Other models (e.g. backed-up by operator, public funding) Suitability of automatic systems for small and medium cities Achieving real long term impact needs continuous development of overall urban transport strategies towards multi-modal travel behaviour

19 Integration with Public Transport Intermodality in most cases not very pronounced (exceptions) Example Barcelona: 71,63% exclusively (mono-modal) Bicing 28,37% combined with other transport modes (especially Metro and train) Rather an element of multimodality Public bicycle users to big share also public transport users Example: Lyon 94% are PT users 57% take daily or at least once a week the bus or train

(especially Metro and train) Rather an element of multimodality Public bicycle users to big share

20 Integration with Public Transport Ticketing integration (e.g. Lyon, Carte Técély; Paris, Navigo pass), but not common everywhere yet Maps and info systems Only few integrated mobility providers (e.g. DB, Geman rail) Some schemes with specific intermodal layout at rail stations (e.g. OV fiets, Bikey)

21 Future developments Further boom of public bicycles (worldwide) Strong position of smartcard based systems with fixed stations Optimising schemes and disposition Further integration with public transport Diversity of providers and financing models Expansion of systems outside the urban core Pedelecs and E-Bikes? Developing bicycle culture in integrated packages (e.g. London starting off)

22 Conclusions Fashionable but needs careful planning and implementation Little direct impact on reducing motorised traffic in cities and CO 2 emissions, but high potential as part of the bigger puzzle Can facilitate change door opener Becoming a real element of public transport Not for free, but high added value in the long run if properly done towards multi-modal travel behaviour introducing and strengthening bicycle culture

24 Further information NICHES website: The World City Bike Collaborative

25 Thank you! Sebastian Bührmann

Municipality of Ede Contacts Mr R. Schuurman, Mr M. Walvius Project manager Mrs I. Spapé Project work Mr W. van Beers, Mrs J.

Assessment of Bicycle Rental Systems Inventory outline Project no. 19570 Client Municipality of Ede Contacts Mr R. Schuurman, Mr M. Walvius Project manager Mrs I. Spapé Project work Mr W. van Beers, Mrs