How To Live In Sweden
|
|
- Neil Walton
- 3 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 ENERGY PERFORMANCE IN BUILDINGS - SWEDISH POLICIES JOHNNY ANDERSSON RAMBÖLL STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 1
2 Code of laws, regulation and AMA Code of laws and regulations that we - Builder/Future Proprietor, Contractor and Consultant have to obey. Different authorities issue regulations Different local authorities control the obedience of these But we also have horizontal demands between the builder and the contractor based on demands in AMA. They are valid when referred to in the contract. EU Parliament Government Authority Local authority FS Ordinance Directive Swedish Laws: Building act Building by-laws BBR - Building regulations Control Supervisor OVK AMA Inspector Building proprietor Contractor Horizontal and vertical demands
3 Swedish Regulations regarding Energy in Buildings EU DIRECTIVE e.g. 2002/91/EG with revision 2010/31/EG PM I (Energy Declarations) and PM II (Near-Zero Energy Buildings) SWEDISH LAWS: are confirmed by the Swedish Parliament. LEGISLATIVE SYSTEM The Swedish Government commissions the relevant authority (in this case The National Board of Housing, Building and Planning - Boverket) to transform the Planning and Building Act into regulations. Boverket monitors the function of the legislative system and proposes regulatory changes. In these fields Boverket represents Sweden in the European Commission, and works for the implementation of EU directives in the Swedish legislation. Boverket issues statutes and general advices in BBR, Boverket s Building regulations. Latest edition BBR 2012 is valid from Jan 1, Rules were tightened up due to the EG Directive by 20 % compared to BBR 2011 for: Specific energy use (kwh/m 2 ) Average heat insulation W/m 2,K) Sweden is split up in three climatic zones, I-III, from North to South with different demands KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 3
4 Regulations for Energy use in Dwellings Sweden is split up in three climate zones, I-III, from North to South with different demands Table 9:2a Dwellings that have a heating method other than electric heating Climate zone I II III The building's specific energy use (kwh per m 2 Atemp and year) Average thermal transmittance (W/m 2 K) Table 9:2b Dwellings with electric heating Climate zone I II III The building's specific energy use (kwh per m 2 Atemp and year) Installed power rating for heating [kw] + supplement when Atemp is greater than 130 m (Atemp 130) (Atemp 130) (Atemp 130) Average thermal transmittance (W/m 2 K) KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 4
5 Regulations for Energy use in Non-Residential Premises Table 9:3a Premises that have a heating method other than electric heating Climate zone I II III The building's specific energy use (kwh per m 2 Atemp and year) + supplement when the supply air flow for extended hygienic reasons is greater than 0.35 l/s per m2 in temperature-controlled spaces. Average thermal transmittance (W/m 2 K) (q average -0.35) 90 (q average -0.35) 70 (q average -0.35) KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 5
6 Regulations for Energy use in Non-Residential Premises Table 9:3b Premises with electric heating Climate zone I II III The building's specific energy use (kwh per m 2 A temp and year) + supplement when the supply air flow for extended hygienic reasons is greater than 0.35 l/s per m 2 in temperature-controlled spaces. Installed power rating for heating [kw] + supplement where Atemp is greater than 130 m 2 + supplement when the supply air flow for extended hygienic reasons is greater than 0.35 l/s per m 2 in temperature-controlled spaces. Average thermal transmittance (W/m 2 K) (q average -0.35) 55 (q average -0.35) 45 (q average -0.35) (A temp 130) (q-0.35)a temp (A temp 130) 0,026 (q-0.35)a temp (A temp 130) 0,022 (q-0.35)a temp KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 6
7 In some cases more electricity may be used General recommendation Examples of special circumstances where more electrical energy and a higher electric power rating can be justified are if geological or other conditions do not permit the installation of a heat pump and no other forms of heating such as district heating or biofuel are possible, or if the requirement for specific energy use is not possible to meet due to culturally and historically justified restrictions. However, in such condition, the values in Table 9:2b should not be exceeded by more than 20 %. Requirement If the building has a heating source other than electric heating, the electric energy to the electrical coolers for comfort cooling is to be multiplied by a factor of 3 when determining the building's specific energy use. The building's specific energy use may be reduced by the energy from solar panels or solar cells located on the main building, outhouse or building site, to the extent that the building can make use of the energy. KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 7
8 Calculation at design phase and verification when finished General recommendation The requirements in Section 9:2 should be verified by calculating the predicted specific energy use of the building and average thermal transmittance at the design stage, and by measuring specific energy use in the finished building. Furthermore, for electrically heated buildings the installed power rating for heating should be calculated at the design stage and be verified in the finished building through the summation of power ratings. With respect to these requirements, the inspection plan should be drawn up to ensure the final certificate can be confirmed before measuring, and the building thereby can be put in use. When calculating the building s predicted specific energy use, appropriate safety margins should be applied to ensure the requirement for the building s specific energy use is met when the building is put in use. Calculations should be carried out based on the climate of the location, the intended indoor temperature, and normal consumption of domestic hot water and airing. The building's energy use should be measured over a continuous period of 12 months, completed at the latest 24 months after the building is put in use. KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 8
9 9:51 Heating and cooling installations HVAC systems Heating and cooling installations in buildings shall be designed in such a way that they provide adequate efficiency during normal operation. General recommendation The installations should be designed in such a way that calibration, testing, inspection, supervision, servicing and exchange can be easily effected and adequate efficiency maintained. The need for cooling shall be minimized through design and technical measures. General recommendation To reduce the demand for cooling in the building, further measures should be considered such as the selection of window size, window location, sun shading, sunlight protection glass, electric efficient lighting and equipment to reduce internal heat loads, night cooling and accumulation of cold in the building structure. KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 9
10 Handy abbreviations of long names: Compulsory inspection of ventilation systems is ruled by: OVK Obligatorisk ventilationskontroll Ductwork airtightness is specified in AMA Allmän Material och Arbetsbeskrivning Which means General Material and Workmanship Specifications KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 10
11 OVK REGULAR COMPULSORY INSPECTION OF VENTILATION SYSTEMS Why?: Inferior ventilation is a common cause for sick buildings Many Swedish and Nordic studies showed that defective and badly maintained ventilation systems and insufficient airflows was a main reason for sick buildings. One large study showed e.g. that this resulted in health problems for children in schools and day nurseries. SBS Sick Building Syndrome was changed to Healthy Buildings (Stockholm 1988) Problems were changed to Solutions KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 11
12 A new building law requiring ventilation control Consequently, 1991 a compulsory system for ventilation control (OVK) started in Sweden with aim to control and improve the function of ventilation installations. The ordinance (1991:1273) requires that the ventilation in most types of buildings has to be controlled before the installations are taken in to operation and then regularly at recurrent inspections. According to the Swedish national environmental legislation in the year 2020 all buildings shall be healthy and have a good indoor environment. One of the intermediate goals within the frame of good indoor climate is that: all buildings where people stay often or during a longer time shall 2015 at the latest have been proven to have a functioning ventilation system. KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 12
13 Regular inspection intervals The stipulated inspection intervals depend on the type and use of the building and type of ventilation system: Type of building and ventilation system Day nurseries, schools and hospitals Block of flats and offices with FT-ventilation Block of flats and offices with F-ventilation Block of flats and offices with S-ventilation One and two dwelling-houses with FT-ventilation Inspection intervals 3 years 3 years 6 years 6 years only first inspection (new buildings) FT = Supply and extract F = Extract S = natural ventilation KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 13
14 AMA vs. Authority regulations as BBR The AMA requirements cannot change, but are complementary, to statutory rules, regulations and specified building standards laid down by the authorities. There is a difference between the two: Authorities are mostly focussed on reducing the risk of injuries to people while AMA (not having to deal with that) is instead focussed on reducing property damages and LCC-costs. Common interest areas for both are achieve sustainability and low energy use. KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 14
15 AMA General Material and Workmanship Specifications A SIXTY YEAR OLD SYSTEM FOR SPECIFYING QUALITY AMA is a tool for the employer (developer/future proprietor) to specify his demands on the new building and its installations The demands are specified in measurable units and in such a way that the tenderers and contractors understand them and are able to calculate a price. If the demands are not specified the normal rule is that the contractor has the right to choose an alternative that will fulfil the demands (e.g. material in heat exchangers) at (to him!) lowest cost. Thus as an employer you have to state what you want, check that you get it, and be prepared to pay the price for it! KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 15
16 The roles of AMA Practically all buildings and their installations in Sweden are performed according to the quality requirements in AMA The AMA requirements are made valid when they are referred to in the contract between the owner and the contractor. The owner and the contractor nearly always agree on the AMA requirements The owner and the contractor need to understand the AMA requirements AIVC Brussels Johnny Andersson 16
17 AMA Rules AMA requirements are made valid when they are referred to in the project contract between the owner and the contractor. The requirements shall be expressed in measurable terms combined with control methods with known (and possible low) measurement errors. Two AMA rules are relevant for ductwork tightness: Express your requirements in measurable terms and control that you have got it! and the other: The costs and risks for the contractor to fulfil the requirements in the contract shall be possible to calculate. KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 17
18 VVS AMA (HVAC) COVERS DUCTWORK AIRTIGHTNESS The need for tight ventilation ductwork systems was identified in Sweden already in the early sixties. Sweden has thus a long and unbroken tradition of demanding and controlling the tightness of ventilation ductwork as specified in the HVACpart of AMA. During this long period, since 1966, we have raised the tightness requirements in tact with technology improvements (to a great extent influenced by the AMA requirements) and increased energy costs. KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 18
19 Often the duct manufacturers initially objected to the increased demands but as soon as one of them quickly announced that e.g.: We can meet the new AMA requirements, the rest of the gang was forced to follow! So - in course of time they all agreed and accepted the new requirements and followed the example of the leader! KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 19
20 Why tight ducts? Duct leakage is detrimental to: Energy efficiency the fan has to supply both the nominal flow and the leakage Indoor climate (and productivity), Indoor air quality, and sometimes even to Health (SBS is often related to too low air flows). However, as we found in a EU project, in some countries designers, installers, building managers and owners, often ignore the benefits of airtight duct systems. This has (probably) lead to poor ductwork installations in a large fraction of the building stock. In these countries, installation is (probably) often undertaken using conventional in situ sealing techniques (e.g. tape or mastic), and therefore the ductwork airtightness is very much dependent upon the workers skills. KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 20
21 Tightness classes in Eurovent (AMA) and ASHRAE A ductwork system is not specified to be tight instead the permissible leakage rate at a specified test pressure is stated as a tightness class that is possible to measure! And, according to AMA, if this is not fulfilled when checked, the contractor has to redo his job until found OK! Tightness classes in Eurovent (AMA): A: lowest class B: 3 times tighter than A C: 9 times tighter than A D: 27 times tighter than A In USA (ASHRAE) the classes: CL48: lowest class CL24: 2 times tighter than CL 48 etcetera. KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 21
22 Occurrence Q:Why this large difference between the countries? The EU-project SAVE-DUCT found that duct systems in Belgium and in France were typically 3 times leakier than EUROVENT Class A, see Figure 4. Typical duct systems in Sweden fulfilled the requirements for EUROVENT Class B and C and were thus between times tighter than those in Belgium and France. 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Class D Class C Class B Class A 3*Class A 9*Class A 27*Class A France Belgium Sweden A: most probably because Sweden has required tight ducts since the early sixties whereas in the two other countries tightness of ductwork is normally neither required nor tested. KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 22 More
23 Thank you! KTH GeoEnergy 2012 Johnny Andersson 23
Swedish Regulations, BBR and Compulsory Ventilation Checks (OVK)
Swedish Regulations, BBR and Compulsory Ventilation Checks (OVK) wanda.rydholm@boverket.se Ventilation and airtightness BBR 6:255 Pressure conditions between supply air and extract air installations shall
More information9 Energy management. 9:1 General. BFS 2011:26 BBR Oct. 9:11 Scope of application
BFS 2011:26 9 Energy management This section contains the provisions and general recommendations for Chapter 3, Article 14 and Chapter 3 the first paragraph of Article 15 of PBF. Section 9:9 contains provisions
More informationImplementation of the EPBD in Sweden. Status in November 2010. Sweden. Introduction. Hans-OK Hjorth Boverket
Implementation of the EPBD in Sweden Status in November 010 Hans-OK Hjorth Boverket Thomas Johansson Boverket Ola Svensson Boverket Sweden National websites and other social media: www.boverket.se www.energimyndighete
More informationAir Conditioning. The opportunity for energy efficiency. Low cost actions to reduce energy usage now
Fact Sheet #6 Air Conditioning In this fact sheet you will discover: The opportunity for energy efficiency How air conditioning works Low cost actions to reduce energy usage now Investments to reduce costs
More informationDienstleistung. Certification as "Quality Approved Passive House" Criteria for Residential-Use Passive Houses
Passiv Haus Institut Passivhaus Dienstleistung GmbH Dr. Wolfgang Feist Rheinstr. 44/46 Rheinstr. 44/46 D-64283 Darmstadt D-64283 Darmstadt www.passiv.de www.passivhaus-info.de Certification as "Quality
More informationResidential Duct Systems for New and Retrofit Homes
Residential Duct Systems for New and Retrofit Homes Why it is important to properly design and install high quality, efficient ducted air systems? The efficiency of air distribution systems has been found
More informationA Classification of Passive House for Swedish Conditions
A Classification of Passive House for Swedish Conditions Åsa Wahlström and Svein Ruud, SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden Martin Erlandsson and Jonas Norrman, IVL Swedish Environmental Research
More informationRosevilleProject. LoE _ 2 Glass Products. You can reduce your cooling energy usage by 25% or more. Here is the proof.
RosevilleProject Glass Products You can reduce your cooling energy usage by 25% or more. Here is the proof. Hot-Button Issues Residents of California, Arizona, and Nevada don t need a weather forecast
More informationSolar urban planning. The National state of the art in Sweden
Solar urban planning The National state of the art in Sweden Entity Lund University Developers Elisabeth Kjellsson Date 2009-11-15 1 INDICE Solar urban planning...1 1. Political, Legal and economic framework...3
More informationEnergy savings in the residential area are essential in
Overheating and insufficient heating problems in low energy houses up to now call for improvements in future Requirements for improved energy performance have shifted major focus on energy calculations
More informationExecutive Order amending the Executive Order on the Publication of the Danish Building Regulations 2010 (BR10) 1)
Full text Executive Order amending the Executive Order on the Publication of the Danish Building Regulations 2010 (BR10) 1) 1. The following amendments shall be made to Executive Order no. 810 of 28 June
More informationHow To Get A Passive House
Certificate Certified Passive House Component For cool, temperate climates, valid until 31 December 2015 Passive House Institute Dr. Wolfgang Feist 64283 Darmstadt GERMANY Category: Manufacturer: Product
More informationEvaluation of Window Energy Rating Models for Different Houses and European Climates
Evaluation of Window Energy Rating Models for Different Houses and European Climates J. and A. Roos Department of Materials Science, The Ångström Laboratory Uppsala University P.O. Box 534, S-751 21 Uppsala
More informationWhich filter class for supply air is required in a typical HVAC system?
Which filter class for supply air is required in a typical HVAC system? Thomas Carlsson, Technical Director, Magnus Johnsson, Vokes Air Table of Contents: Background 2 Energy Demand 2 Air Quality and PM
More information06150 PORVOO, FINLAND Pelican eco ED(D), Pelican eco EDE(D), Pelican eco EDW(D), Pelican eco EDX(D)
Certificate Certified Passive House Component For cool, temperate climates, valid until 31 December 2013 Passive House Institute Dr. Wolfgang Feist 64283 Darmstadt GERMANY Category: Manufacturer: Heat
More informationBuilding Energy Codes 101 October 23, 2013. Matthew Giudice Building Policy Associate Midwest Energy Efficiency Alliance
Building Energy Codes 101 October 23, 2013 Matthew Giudice Building Policy Associate Midwest Energy Efficiency Alliance OVERVIEW 1. Introduction 2. Energy Code Development 3. Adoption Process 4. Elements
More informationPassiv Haus Institut. Certification as "Quality Approved Passive House" Criteria for Residential-Use Passive Houses
Passiv Haus Institut Dr. Wolfgang Feist Rheinstr. 44/46 D-64283 Darmstadt www.passiv.de Certification as "Quality Approved Passive House" Criteria for Residential-Use Passive Houses Passive Houses are
More informationFREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS about HERS and CHEERS Provided by the California Energy Commission Consumer Energy Center
http://www.energy.ca.gov/ FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS about HERS and CHEERS Provided by the California Energy Commission Consumer Energy Center Relevant Standard The Residential Manual for Compliance with
More informationCAN DEMAND CONTROLLED VENTILATION REPLACE SPACE HEATING IN OFFICE BUILDINGS WITH LOW HEATING DEMAND?
Topic B3: Control of indoor environment CAN DEMAND CONTROLLED VENTILATION REPLACE SPACE HEATING IN OFFICE BUILDINGS WITH LOW HEATING DEMAND? Axel CABLE 1,*, Mads MYSEN 1,2, Kari THUNSHELLE 1 1 SINTEF,
More informationCertification of construction products - Fire dampers. Certification Rules 032
Certification of construction products - Fire dampers Certification Rules 032 1 Contents Contents 1 0 Preface 1 1 Scope and intended application 2 2 Technical requirements 2 2.1 Properties 2 2.1.1 Protection
More informationGreen Building Handbook for South Africa Chapter: Heating, Ventilation and Cooling Luke Osburn CSIR Built Environment
Green Building Handbook for South Africa Chapter: Heating, Ventilation and Cooling Luke Osburn CSIR Built Environment The heating, ventilation and cooling loads of typical commercial office space can range
More informationCODE NOTES. Insulation Requirements in Commercial Buildings for Mechanical and Service Hot-Water Piping
BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES PROGRAM Insulation Requirements in Commercial Buildings for Mechanical and Service Hot-Water Piping The intent of the pipe insulation requirements is to reduce temperature changes
More informationSelecting Energy Efficient New Windows in Florida
Selecting Energy Efficient New Windows in Florida www.efficientwindows.org January 06 Zones. Meet the Energy Code & Look for the Windows must comply with your local energy code. Windows that are certified
More informationNorwegian Tax Authority - Oslo Norway
1. INTRODUCTION Norwegian Tax Authority - Oslo Norway PROJECT SUMMARY Year of construction - 1980 No previous energy renovations SPECIAL FEATURES Main topics in the renovation are: High insulated pre fabricated
More informationAIR CONDITIONING EFFICIENCY F8 Energy eco-efficiency opportunities in Queensland Foundries
AIR CONDITIONING EFFICIENCY F8 Energy eco-efficiency opportunities in Queensland Foundries Hot tips and cool ideas to save energy and money! Air conditioning units or systems are often used by foundries
More informationImpact of Infiltration on Heating and Cooling Loads in U.S. Office Buildings
Impact of Infiltration on Heating and Cooling Loads in U.S. Office Buildings 1 Steven J. Emmerich, 1 Andrew K. Persily, and 2 Timothy P. McDowell 1 Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute
More informationPassive houses in Sweden
Passive houses in Sweden From design to evaluation of four demonstration projects Ulla Janson Division of Energy and Building Design Department of Architecture and Built Environment Lund University Faculty
More informationEnergy Efficient HVAC-system and Building Design
Energy Efficient HVAC-system and Building Design Maija Virta 1, Harri Itkonen 1, Panu Mustakallio 1, Risto Kosonen 1 1 Halton Oy, Finland Corresponding email: maija.virta@halton.com SUMMARY This paper
More informationKey energy-efficient features of your new home
Key energy-efficient features of your new home Your thermal envelope The thermal envelope, or shell, of your home (walls, roof and floor) is designed to keep you dry and comfortable. It protects you from
More informationEnergy Performance Certificate three steps towards benefits
Energy Performance Certificate three steps towards benefits Why Energy Performance Certificate? The overall purpose of energy performance certification of buildings is to be economical with energy and
More informationSolar Homes Catch the Sun. Are you planning a new house? Discover how you can apply solar architecture principles to:
PASSIVE Solar Design Solar Homes Catch the Sun Are you planning a new house? Discover how you can apply solar architecture principles to: keep your heating bills to a minimum enjoy the comfort of a warm
More informationFlorida Power & Light Company. Business Heating Ventilation & Air Conditioning ( HVAC ) Program Standards. Effective: November 9, 2015
Florida Power & Light Company Business Heating Ventilation & Air Conditioning ( HVAC ) Program Standards Effective: November 9, 2015 Table of Contents Eligibility Requirements - Chiller... 2 Rebate Amount
More informationFLORIDA SOLAR ENERGY CENTER
FLORIDA SOLAR ENERGY CENTER Creating Energy Independence Since 1975 Impact of Energy-Efficiency Parameters on Home Humidity Rob Vieira Florida Solar Energy Center A Research Institute of the University
More informationAn overview of energy efficient products used at reducing energy consumptions in buildings
An overview of energy efficient products used at reducing energy consumptions in buildings LIGIA MOGA, ATTILA PUSKAS Buildings and Management Department Technical University of Cluj-Napoca Baritiu 25 th
More informationProcess and Impact Evaluation of Roseville Electric s Residential New Construction, HVAC Retrofit and Commercial Custom Rebate Programs: FY2007/08
Process and Impact Evaluation of Roseville Electric s Residential New Construction, HVAC Retrofit and Commercial Custom Rebate Programs: FY2007/08 Submitted to: Roseville Electric February 27, 2009 Final
More informationIf a heating, ventilating and air conditioning contractor s bid is too good to believe, don t..
If a heating, ventilating and air conditioning contractor s bid is too good to believe, don t.. 5 Q U E S T I O N S A S A V V Y C O N S U M E R S H O U L D A S K. Ask the right questions before you sign
More informationQuality approaches for residential ventilation systems in different countries and applicability in the Belgian Context
Session B3 Ventilation with guaranteed quality Quality approaches for residential ventilation systems in different countries and applicability in the Belgian Context Paul Van den Bossche Belgian Building
More informationHVAC INSTALLATION. Success with 2015 IECC Northeast & Mid-Atlantic. Checklist for Builders & Trades
Success with 2015 IECC Northeast & Mid-Atlantic Checklist for Builders & Trades COPYRIGHT 2015 ADVANCED ENERGY. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED TEMPLATE 2015.1.0 PAGE 1 CHECKLIST: JOB READY 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
More informationRESNET National Rater Test Study Guide Outline
RESNET National Rater Test Study Guide Outline The RESNET national home energy rating standard spells out a listing of the knowledge base and skills set for Home Energy Ratings. Trainers and Rating Quality
More informationEnergy Optimisation of a Building: a Case Study of Ekebyvallen, Uppsala
TVE 13 022 Examensarbete 15 hp Juni 2013 Energy Optimisation of a Building: a Case Study of Ekebyvallen, Uppsala Profitable investments in a world with rising energy prices Pär Enarsson Otto Hedenmo Dirk-Jan
More informationHVAC INSTALLATION SUCCESS WITH 2012 IECC DELAWARE. for Builders & Trades. Recommended Practices for Optimized Energy Savings
SUCCESS WITH 2012 IECC DELAWARE Recommended Practices for Optimized Energy Savings for Builders & Trades COPYRIGHT 2015 ADVANCED ENERGY. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED VERSION 2015.1.0 CHECKLIST: JOB READY 1. 2.
More informationPERCENT OUTDOOR AIR (%OA) CALCULATION AND ITS USE
PERCENT OUTDOOR AIR (%OA) CALCULATION AND ITS USE APPLICATION NOTE TI-138 TSI s IAQ-CALC TM Indoor Air Quality Meter and TH-CALC TM Thermohygrometer calculate Percent Outdoor Air (%OA). In order to take
More information2009 Seattle Energy Code Impacts: See below for a recap of Changes in Envelope performance from 2006 to 2009
2009 Seattle Energy Code Impacts: Building Envelope Impacts: Below is a Summary of Changes that impact building envelope construction planned for 624 Yale. There are several modifications are required
More informationHeating Ventilation and Air Conditioning Diagnostics for Single Family Homes
Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning Diagnostics for Single Family Homes Vincent Pedalino FSL Home Improvements Phoenix, AZ 1 HVAC Basics Ways to improve the performance of existing air conditioning
More informationInnovative solution for heat recovery of ventilation air in older apartment buildings - with low intervention affecting the residents
Innovative solution for heat recovery of ventilation air in older apartment buildings - with low intervention affecting the residents Innovative solution for heat recovery of ventilation air in older apartment
More informationThis permit does not include replacement or upgrading of the existing electrical panel or service (a separate electrical permit must be obtained).
CITY OF MILPITAS Building & Safety Department 455 E. Calaveras Blvd. Milpitas, CA 95035 408-586-3240 www.ci.milpitas.ca.gov RESIDENTIAL AIR CONDITIONING, REPLACEMENT 1. PERMIT INFORMATION: The replacement
More informationPROTOCOL FOR BUILDING ENERGY ANALYSIS SOFTWARE For Class 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 buildings
PROTOCOL FOR BUILDING ENERGY ANALYSIS SOFTWARE For Class 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 buildings Version 2006.1 AUSTRALIAN BUILDING CODES BOARD JANUARY 2006 TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword 1. Scope 2. Purpose and context
More informationDispelling the Solar Myth - Evacuated Tube versus Flat Plate Panels. W illiam Comerford Sales Manager Ireland Kingspan Renewables Ltd.
Dispelling the Solar Myth - Evacuated Tube versus Flat Plate Panels W illiam Comerford Sales Manager Ireland Kingspan Renewables Ltd. 1 The Kingspan Group Energy independent buildings for a sustainable
More informationHVAC Costs. Reducing Building. Building owners are caught between two powerful forces the need to lower energy costs. By Stephen J.
Reducing Building HVAC Costs of site rec By Stephen J. Pargeter Building owners are caught between two powerful forces the need to lower energy costs and the need to meet or exceed outdoor air ventilation
More informationThe Danish Enterprise and Construction Authority to inspect CE marking of windows and pedestrian doors
23. december 2010 The Danish Enterprise and Construction Authority to inspect CE marking of windows and pedestrian doors The Danish Enterprise and Construction Authority s market surveillance of construction
More informationQUESTIONS TO ASK WHEN REPLACING YOUR HVAC TOGETHERWESAVE.COM
QUESTIONS TO ASK WHEN REPLACING YOUR HVAC TOGETHERWESAVE.COM TOGETHERWESAVE.COM IS IT TIME TO REPLACE YOUR HVAC SYSTEM? If your heating and cooling system is 15 to 20 years old and is experiencing problems,
More informationDESIGN OF NATURAL VENTILATION WITH CFD CHAPTER SEVEN. Qingyan Chen. difficult to understand and model, even for simple
CHAPTER SEVEN L. Glicksman and J. Lin (eds), Sustainable Urban Housing in China, 116-123 2006 Springer. Printed in the Netherlands. DESIGN OF NATURAL VENTILATION WITH CFD Qingyan Chen INTRODUCTION As the
More informationHow to choose a heat pump and use it wisely
How to choose a heat pump and use it wisely Contents Introduction 1 The keys to a good heat pump 1 Insulate first 2 Insulation keeps in the heat 2 Plugging up the draughts 2 Funding available 2 How does
More informationHow To Design An Hvac Design For A Stick Built Home
LEGALETT HVAC DESIGN FEE SCHEDULE (revised April 17, 2012) Background In the past Legalett has simply supplied warm floors for comfortable living. However, 2012 Building Code changes in Ontario make it
More informationEnergy Efficiency in Buildings
Energy Efficiency in Buildings Supplemental Guide to SANS 10400-XA & SANS 204 V. 3.0 Registered to: The Drawing Studio Image: digitalart / FreeDigitalPhotos.net Report Date: 26 August 2014 Practice Name:
More informationExtra Low Energy Housing in Ireland How far should we go to the Passive House? Jonathan Jennings Head of R&D Kingspan Century Homes
Extra Low Energy Housing in Ireland How far should we go to the Passive House? Jonathan Jennings Head of R&D Kingspan Century Homes Current Status % CO 2 emissions Transport 30% Agriculture 2% Housing
More informationDelivering exceptional performance and Ecovalue. Ecocent
1 Delivering exceptional performance and Ecovalue. Ecocent 2 The Ecocent Hot Water System As the cost of providing heating and hot water continues to increase, homes and businesses are seeking out more
More informationBuilding Energy Modelling. prescriptive
Building Energy Modelling prescriptive An alternative to Design for SANS 10400-XA Contents Complying with the new building energy standard - SANS 10400-XA 3 Compliance options Two rational design routes
More informationDuctless Heat Pumps. Gary Nordeen January 2009. www.nwbuildings.org/dhp.aspx info@nwbuildings.org
Ductless Heat Pumps Gary Nordeen January 2009 www.nwbuildings.org/dhp.aspx info@nwbuildings.org Outline Heat Pump Basics Ductless Heat Pumps Efficiency Advantages Commercial installations Planning (applications,
More informationENERGY STAR Certified Homes, Version 3 Cost & Savings Estimates
November 1, 2013 Contents ENERGY STAR Certified Homes, Version 3 Section 1: Executive Summary... 3 Section 2: Detailed Incremental Cost Estimates... 6 Section 3: Incremental Cost & Savings of the Thermal
More informationChapter Seven RESNET Standards
Chapter Seven RESNET Standards 700 RESNET NATIONAL STANDARD FOR HOME ENERGY AUDITS 701 GENERAL PROVISIONS 701.1 Purpose The provisions of this Standard are intended to define a framework for a home energy
More informationGreenhouse Gas Implications of HVAC Upgrades in Multi-Unit Residential Buildings
Greenhouse Gas Implications of HVAC Upgrades in Multi-Unit Residential Buildings J A NUARY 2015 INTRODUCTION This Research Report explores best practices and approaches for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG)
More informationEarthCents (DSM) Program Summary
EarthCents (DSM) Program Summary Renewable Energy EarthCents Programs Solar Water Heating This program is available to residential customers for the installation of a qualifying solar thermal water heater.
More informationImproving thermal insulation of concrete sandwich panel buildings
Improving thermal insulation of concrete sandwich panel buildings Jørgen Munch-Andersen Danish Building Research Institute, Aalborg University LCUBE conference, Vienna 17-18 April 2007 Outline A general
More informationIEQ-15 Air Distribution System
AIM OF CREDIT To encourage and recognise the design and maintenance of air distribution systems that minimise the risk of particulate and microbial contamination to the internal air supply. CREDIT CRITERIA
More informationAdvanced Energy Design Guide LEED Strategies for Schools. and High Performance Buildings
Advanced Energy Design Guide LEED Strategies for Schools and High Performance Buildings Today s Presenters Stephen Koontz, LEED AP Energy Services Leader Tampa Bay Trane Allen Irvine General Sales Manager
More informationEnergy Performance Evaluation. of New Homes in Arkansas Evan Brown, consultant to the Arkansas Energy Office
of New Homes in Arkansas Evan Brown, consultant to the Arkansas Energy Office From August 1997 to September 1999, one hundred new Arkansas homes were evaluated in two areas in the state where there was
More informationChallenges and Failures in Green Building Design Using Under-Floor Air Distribution. Ken Urbanek, PE, HBDP, LEED AP Director of Engineering
Challenges and Failures in Green Building Design Using Under-Floor Air Distribution Ken Urbanek, PE, HBDP, LEED AP Director of Engineering Agenda UFAD Overview Challenges / Failures Steps for a Successful
More informationFläkt Woods Building Future
Energy, Expertise and Environment with Fläkt Woods Fläkt Woods Building Future Saving energy in building ventilation You must save 20% on energy before 2020. Following the Kyoto protocol the European Union
More informationImplementation of the EPBD in Cyprus. Status in November 2010. 1 > Introduction. 2 > Certification. Cyprus
Implementation of the EPBD in Cyprus Status in November 2010 Constantinos Xichilos Energy Service Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism Nicos Hadjinicolaou Energy Service Ministry of Commerce, Industry
More informationNorwegian Tax Authority - Oslo Norway. Arne Førland-Larsen
Norwegian Tax Authority - Oslo Norway Arne Førland-Larsen Vienna 5 th of September 2012 Magma Center Tenerife foto Torben Eskerod 2 Fredrik Selmers vei 4 sett fra Strømsveien 3 Environmental goals Initially
More informationApplying Schedules and Profiles in HAP
This HAP e-help discusses the importance of properly applying schedules and profiles in HAP. We will also discuss potential misapplications of these user inputs. First, we need to understand the differences
More informationResources for School Energy Managers
Resources for School Energy Managers Cooling can present a substantial energy cost to schools. Temperatures of 24 to 27 C with less than 60% relative humidity give acceptable comfort in summer. Higher
More informationCrawl space heat and moisture behaviour
Crawl space heat and moisture behaviour Miimu Airaksinen, Dr., Technical Research Centre of Finland, VTT miimu.airaksinen@vtt.fi, www.vtt.fi KEYWORDS: crawl space, moisture, evaporation from ground, ground
More informationSample Customer 123 Conservation Way TAMPA FL 33626 Tracking Number: 000675309
Thank you for completing the Online Home Energy Audit. Based on the answers that you provided in the questionnaire, the following is a complete analysis of your household's energy consumption. We have
More informationBig Data Analytics of City Wide Building Energy Declarations YIXIAO MA
Big Data Analytics of City Wide Building Energy Declarations YIXIAO MA Master of Science Thesis Stockholm 2014 Yixiao Ma Big Data Analytics of City Wide Building Energy Declarations Supervisor: Hossein
More informationCERTIFICATE NAME OF PRODUCT MANUFACTURER PRODUCT DESCRIPTION CERTIFICATION PROCEDURE. No VTT C-6044-10 Date of issue 11.10.2010, Updated July 1, 2011
CERTIFICATE NAME OF PRODUCT No VTT C-6044-10 Date of issue 11.10.2010, Updated July 1, 2011 H-CONTROL REFLEX+ reflective insulating vapour control layer for roof and wall applications MANUFACTURER ACTIS
More informationA Carbon Footprint of an Office Building
Energies 2011, 4, 1197-1210; doi:10.3390/en4081197 OPEN ACCESS energies ISSN 1996-1073 www.mdpi.com/journal/energies Article A Carbon Footprint of an Office Building Miimu Airaksinen 1, * and Pellervo
More informationPOSITION PAPER Brussels, 29 th November 2011
The Voice of European Air-Conditioning, Refrigeration and Heat Pumps Contractors POSITION PAPER Brussels, 29 th November 2011 RE: RES Directive certification or equivalent qualification schemes for installers
More informationHVAC For Schools How to purchase an HVAC system that meets your school s unique requirements and stays within your budget
A PRIMER Educational HVAC For Schools How to purchase an HVAC system that meets your school s unique requirements and stays within your budget Contents: Introduction: The best HVAC system is durable, reliable
More informationHEATING, VENTILATION & AIR CONDITIONING
HEATING, VENTILATION & AIR CONDITIONING as part of the Energy Efficiency Information Grants Program Heating and cooling can account for approximately 23 % of energy use in pubs and hotels 1. Reducing heating
More informationPerformance ratio. Contents. Quality factor for the PV plant
Performance ratio Quality factor for the PV plant Contents The performance ratio is one of the most important variables for evaluating the efficiency of a PV plant. Specifically, the performance ratio
More informationContract for Weatherization Management Address City & State
I. Parties Contract for Weatherization Management Address City & State This contract is made and entered into on and specifies the terms of the agreement between Client Name, homeowner, and Sherlock Homes
More informationDATA CENTER COOLING INNOVATIVE COOLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR YOUR DATA CENTER
DATA CENTER COOLING INNOVATIVE COOLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR YOUR DATA CENTER DATA CENTERS 2009 IT Emissions = Aviation Industry Emissions Nations Largest Commercial Consumers of Electric Power Greenpeace estimates
More informationD5.1 National reports on energy certification of buildings PORTUGAL
- Energy Certification, Information And Communication Technologies For User Satisfaction D5.1 National reports on energy certification of buildings PORTUGAL 1 2 Statement of originality This deliverable
More informationInternational Telecommunication Union SERIES L: CONSTRUCTION, INSTALLATION AND PROTECTION OF TELECOMMUNICATION CABLES IN PUBLIC NETWORKS
International Telecommunication Union ITU-T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU Technical Paper (13 December 2013) SERIES L: CONSTRUCTION, INSTALLATION AND PROTECTION OF TELECOMMUNICATION CABLES
More informationJesse Krivolavek Nebraska Native American Energy Auditors 20214 Veterans Dr Ste. 600, Omaha, NE 68022
Jesse Krivolavek Nebraska Native American Energy Auditors 20214 Veterans Dr Ste. 600, Omaha, NE 68022 HERS Rater HERS Instructor National HERS QA Delegate BPI Building Analyst Energy Star Verifier EPA
More informationMANTON CONSOLIDATED SCHOOLS. REQUEST for PROPOSALS ENERGY SAVING CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS. On a PERFORMANCE CONTRACTING BASIS
MANTON CONSOLIDATED SCHOOLS REQUEST for PROPOSALS ENERGY SAVING CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS On a PERFORMANCE CONTRACTING BASIS July 16, 2010 1 NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT THE BOARD OF EDUCATION OF MANTON
More informationAnalysis of HVAC Control Strategies
PUBLICATION DATE: Q1 2009 REF NUMBER: HVAC SWGII 006 03 HVAC SPECIAL WORKING GROUP Analysis of HVAC Control Strategies 06 Table of Contents 1 Introduction 2 2 Scope 3 3 Analysis 4 3.1 Strategy 1 4 3.2
More informationTHE NATIONAL BUILDING REGULATIONS PART XA: ENERGY EFFICIENCY. Presentation by Peter Henshall-Howard: HEAD: BUILDING DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT.
THE NATIONAL BUILDING REGULATIONS PART XA: ENERGY EFFICIENCY. Presentation by Peter Henshall-Howard: HEAD: BUILDING DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT. A Diagrammatic representation of the relationship between the
More informationD 4.4 Activity Report Technical support during the planning phase of new buildings
Grant agreement no. IEE/11/981/SI2.615956 MLEI BEAM-Graz City of Graz (AT) Boosting Energy Efficiency Actions in the Municipal Buildings of the City of Graz D 4.4 Activity Report Technical support during
More informationA global list. The Fortification Depot A CO 2 -reduction project
The Fortification Depot A CO 2 -reduction project A global list Passive measures: Windows, glazing, solar shading Insulation of walls, roofs, floors Improving air tightness 1 A global list Technical measures:
More informationGuidelines for energy efficient heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems
Guidelines for energy efficient heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems If you're a designer or a BCA, this guidance on the energy efficiency of HVAC systems in commercial buildings may
More informationPower and Cooling for Ultra-High Density Racks and Blade Servers
Power and Cooling for Ultra-High Density Racks and Blade Servers White Paper #46 Introduction The Problem Average rack in a typical data center is under 2 kw Dense deployment of blade servers (10-20 kw
More informationResidential HVAC System Sizing
Residential HVAC System Sizing William P. Goss University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA Corresponding email: goss@acad.umass.edu SUMMARY Heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC)
More informationThe Norwegian-Swedish Electricity Certificate Market ANNUAL REPORT 2013
The Norwegian-Swedish Electricity Certificate Market ANNUAL REPORT 2013 2 Contents Preface 3 The Nordic electricity market 5 Key figures for 2013 6 How the electricity certificate market works 7 Goal fulfilment
More informationMAINTENANCE AND PERFORMANCE CHECKLIST
Mesa, AZ Air Conditioning and Heat Pump Maintenance Efficiency Guide Arizona-Based American Cooling and Heating Presents. A Three-Fold HVAC MAINTENANCE AND PERFORMANCE CHECKLIST Herein you will find information
More informationAdaptive strategies for office spaces in the UK climate
International Conference Passive and Low Energy Cooling 631 Adaptive strategies for office spaces in the UK climate I. Gallou Environment & Energy Studies Programme, Architectural Association Graduate
More informationCHAPTER 3. BUILDING THERMAL LOAD ESTIMATION
CHAPTER 3. BUILDING THERMAL LOAD ESTIMATION 3.1 Purpose of Thermal Load Estimation 3.2 Heating Load versus Cooling Load 3.3 Critical Conditions for Design 3.4 Manual versus Computer Calculations 3.5 Heating
More informationSPECIAL ISSUE: NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION WORKSHOP
research journal 2013 / VOL 05.01 www.perkinswill.com SPECIAL ISSUE: NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION WORKSHOP ARCHITECTURE AND ENGINEERING OF SUSTAINABLE BUILDINGS Current Trends in Low-Energy HVAC Design
More information