Annual Report* of IGCP/SIDA Project No._598_

Transcription

1 Form IV Annual Report* of IGCP/SIDA Project No._598_ *NOTE: MAXIMUM LENGTH OF THE TEXT REPORT IS 5 (FIVE) PAGES. SINGLE SPACE, 12 POINT FONT. REPORTS EXCEEDING THIS LENGTH WILL BE RETURNED TO THE AUTHOR(S) WITH THE REQUEST OF REDUCING THE TEXT TO THE ABOVE STANDARD. IGCP project short title: Environmental Change and Sustainability in Karst Systems Duration: Project leader(s): 1. Dr. Zhang Cheng Karst Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. International Research Center on Karst Under the Auspices of UNESCO 50 Qixing Rd. Guilin , Guangxi, P.R.China Tel.: Fax: chzhang@karst.ac.cn 2. Prof. Chris Groves Hoffman Environmental Research Institute, Department of Geography and Geology, Western Kentucky University, 1906 College Heights Blvd., Bowling Green, Kentucky USA Tel: Fax: chris.groves@wku.edu 3. Dr. Augusto Auler Instituto do Carste, Rua Barcelona 240/302, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil aauler@gmail.com 4. Dr. Jiang Yongjun School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University No.1 Tiansheng Ave., Beibei, Chongqing , P. R. China Tel: Fax: UNESCO-IUGS-IGCP 1 rue Miollis Paris cedex 15, France Tel: +33 (0) Fax: +33 (0)

2 Form V 5. Dr. Martin Knez Karst Research Institute ZRC SAZU Titov trg 2, 6230 Postojna, Slovenia Tel: knez@zrc-sazu.si 6. Dr. Bartolome Andreo-Navarro Centre of Hydrogeology of the University of Malaga (CEHIUMA) and Department of Geology, Malaga, Spain Tel: Fax: andreo@uma.es 7. Prof. Yuan Daoxian The Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences International Research Center on Karst Under the Auspices of UNESCO 50 Qixing Rd, Guilin , Guangxi, P. R. China Tel: Fax: dxyuan@karst.edu.cn 8. Prof. Ezzat Raeisi Depart. of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. Tel: Fax: e_raeisi@yahoo.com Project Secretary: Name: Luo Qukan Address: 50 Qixing Rd. Guilin , Guangxi, P.R.China Tel.: Fax: irck-secretary@karst.ac.cn Date of submission of report: 15 January 2014 Signature of project leader(s): Zhang Cheng, Chris Groves

3 2013 Annual Report of IGCP/SIDA 598 Form V 1. Website address(es) related to the project Website1: Main website specially designed for IGCP/SIDA 598 project hosted by Hoffman Environmental Research Institute, WKU, USA Website2: This is the website for the International Research Center on Karst Under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin, China Website3: This is the website for Karst Dynamics Laboratory, MLR, China, also for previous four karst related IGCP projects Website5: website for the WKU/Mammoth Cave National Park Karst Field Studies Program supported by IGCP/SIDA Summary of major past achievements of the project It is a successor project of IGCP 299 Geology, Climate, Hydrology and Karst Formation ( ), IGCP 379 Karst Processes and the Carbon Cycle ( ), IGCP448 World Correlation of Karst Geology and Relevant Ecosystems ( ), and IGCP 513 "Global Study of Karst Aquifers and Water Resources" ( ). A summary of the major past accomplishments of IGCP 598 and the previous IGCP Karst projects was published in 2012 as an invited contribution: Groves, C., C. Zhang, and D. Yuan, 2012, IGCP 299, 379, 448, 513, and 598: Global Efforts to Understand the Nature of Karst Systems: over two Decades with the IGCP. in Derbyshire E. (Editor), Tales Set in Stone 40 Years of the IGCP. Paris: UNESCO, pp Achievements of the project this year only 3.1. List of countries involved in the project (please *indicate the countries active this year) Actively engaged participants (participants in IGCP/SIDA598 leadership, affiliated projects or IGCP/SIDA sponsored conferences) in 2013 came from 42 countries. Albania Finland* Libya Saudi Arabia* Algeria France* Lithuania Serbia* Angola Germany* Luxembourg Russia* Argentina* Greece Macedonia Slovak Republic* Armenia Hungary* Malaysia* Slovenia* Australia* India Mexico* South Africa* Austria* Indonesia* Morocco* Spain* Bangladesh Iran* Namibia Switzerland* Bosnia and Iraq Nepal Thailand* Herzogovena Brazil* Ireland* Netherlands Turkey* Canada* Israel* Nigeria Uganda* China* Italy* Norway UK* Colombia* Jamaica Palestine* Ukraine* Croatia* Japan Peru USA* Cuba Jordan Philippines Uzbekistan* Czech Republic Kenya Poland Vietnam* Denmark Rep. of Korea Portugal* Zambia* Ethiopia Lebanon* Romania* Zimbabwe* 3.2. General scientific achievements and social benefits (1) Karst carbon sink potential and climate change. The impact of geological processes on

4 Form V the carbon cycle, in particular the interactions between carbonate rocks and atmospheric CO 2, is receiving increasing attention among scientists in the geologic community. Several scientists and laboratories affiliated with IGCP/SIDA 598 made contributions in this area, quantifying in particular the impact of karst geochemical processes on the carbon cycle. At IGCP/SIDA 598 associated conferences and training courses advancements in several efforts were reported on, including Chris Groves (USA) and colleagues who discussed water-gas-rock interactions and seasonal control of geochemical environments in the epikarstic zone of the Pennyroyal Plateau, Kentucky, USA and Zhang Cheng who reported on the carbon cycle in karst systems and the potential contribution to an atmospheric CO 2 sink. At the December Guilin (China) training course He Shiyi gave a lecture Calculation of the Carbon Sink Based on Hydrological Monitoring. (2) Karst aquifer/landscape systems and processes. In examples reported at IGCP/SIDA 598 sponsored conferences, Ana Vranješ and Dejan Milenić reported on efforts to understand and sustainably exploit the thermal karst groundwater energy resources beneath Belgrade, Serbia; Alexander Klimchouk (Ukraine) discussed hydrogeological approaches to distinguishing hypogene speleogenesis settings; Mihael Brencic described advances in the understanding of regional groundwater flow in karstic regions of Slovenia and Istria; Anita Erőss (Hungary) reported on radionuclides as natural tracers for identification of mixing of thermal waters; and Amélie Dausse (France) discussed scale effects and hierarchy of groundwater flow paths: the case of a Mediterranean karst system. (3) Karst watersheds sustainable protection. As in past years, this topic has been a major emphasis of both research and training activities. This was highlighted in the Karst Hydrology course in the WKU Karst Field Studies Program (USA), the Hydrokarst course that was held at the University of Malaga (Spain) and the Guilin (China) training course in December. At that training course George Veni (USA) gave lectures on hydrological and geochemical monitoring of wells and springs in karst aquifers, dye tracing techniques for karst groundwater basin delineation, and environmental impact assessments. Jonathan Arthur (USA) lectured on aquifer vulnerability modelling in karst, and Zoran Stevanovic (Serbia) lectured on methods in karst aquifer characterization, water budget and reserve assessments. (4) Environmental change records in karst systems. With the ever increasing concern and interest in climate-change science, including identifying records of past climate, understanding the records contained within karst systems remains an active area of research. This was a major emphasis of the International Symposium on Karst Water under Global Change that was held at IRCK in April. Examples of associated research results were reported there by Chen Hai (USA) on new progress in paleoclimate research, Li Hongchun (Taiwan) on the influence of the Asian Summer Monsoon on the moisture budget of the karst region of Southwest China during the last millennium, and by Chris Groves (USA) on efficient management exploitation and protection of karst water in the US to advance climate change adaptation List of meetings with approximate attendance and number of countries International Symposium on Karst Water under Global Change Pressure, Guilin China, April 10-13, 2013 This conference, co-sponsored by the China Geological Survey, brought together 138 scientists and students from 13 countries and highlighted international efforts to understand how climate change may be impacting water resources from karst aquifers, which have been estimated to supply one-fourth of the world s population with drinking water. Roof of the World: First Joint meeting of the Geological Society of China (GSC) and the Geological Society of America (GSA), Chengdu, China, June 17-19, scientists from China, the US and other countries attended this conference. Although it covered a broad range of topics on geology and environmental sciences, there were several talks

5 Form V on karst science and active members of IGCP/SIDA 598 from the International Research Center on Karst in Guilin China attended the meeting. International Conference on Hierarchical Flow Systems in Karst Regions, Budapest, Hungary, September 4-7, 2013, (International Association of Hydrogeologists) The meeting was organized in honor of Professor József Tóth, a pioneer in the development of quantitative descriptions of regional groundwater flow, on his 80th birthday. This fine conference, hosted by Eötvös Loránd University, was preceded by two one-day training workshops, including MANKARST on the Hydrogeology and Management of Karst Groundwater Resources. More than 100 scientists from over 20 countries attended the conference, which included a fine field excursion to the thermal karst systems in the vicinity of Budapest Educational, training or capacity building activities In its 33nd year, Western Kentucky University offered its Karst Field Studies Program in collaboration with Mammoth Cave National Park Kentucky USA. Five courses were offered in June 2013, including 1) Karst Geology, 2) Cave Photography, 3) Karst Hydrology, and 4) Cave Biology and Ecosystems. Over forty students from the United States, Puerto Rico, Brazil and elsewhere participated in the week long workshops, with surveys at the end showing that students throughout found the courses beneficial. The International Training Course Karst Hydrogeological Investigation, Dynamic Monitoring and Application in River Basins, co-sponsored by the International Research Center on Karst (IRCK) under the Auspices of UNESCO, UNESCO Beijing and the IGCP/SIDA 598 project Environmental Change and Sustainability in Karst Systems: Relations to Climate Change and Anthropogenic Activities, was held from November 17 to 29, Eighteen students, geo-environmental researchers and managers from 15 countries (Brazil, China, Hungary, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Mexico, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Thailand, Uganda, Vietnam, USA, Zimbabwe) participated and 16 karst experts from 6 countries (Austria, China, Iran, Serbia, South Africa, USA) were invited as instructors. Spain s University of Malaga organized HYDROKARST, a course on methods applied to hydrogeological research of carbonate aquifers (karst),september 16-20, The course is given by researchers from the Associated Unit "Advanced Hydrogeological Studies", between the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME) and the Group of Hydrogeology at the University of Málaga (Ghum) Participation of scientists from developing countries. Based on World Bank atlas method criteria, participants included those from two countries with low-income economies (Uganda, Zimbabwe), six countries with lower-middle income economies (Indonesia, Morocco, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Zambia) and nine countries with upper-middle income economies (China, Colombia, Iran, Malaysia, Mexico, Romania, Serbia, Thailand, Turkey) that had an active part in this Project by attending IGCP-related Symposia or training courses List of most important publications (including maps) At least ten relevant peer reviewed papers were published by IGCP/SIDA 598 participants, these examples serve as examples from that list due to report length constraints. Hartmann, A., Barberá, J. A., Lange, J., Andreo, B., & Weiler, M. (2013). Progress in the hydrologic simulation of time variant recharge areas of karst systems exemplified at a karst spring in Southern Spain. Advances in Water Resources, 54,

6 Form V Mudarra, M., Andreo, B., Barberá, J. A., & Mudry, J. (2013). Hydrochemical dynamics of TOC and NO 3 contents as natural tracers of infiltration in karst aquifers. Environmental Earth Sciences, DOI: /s Parker, C. W., Wolf, J. A., Auler, A. S., Barton, H. A., & Senko, J. M. (2013). Microbial Reducibility of Fe (III) Phases Associated with the Genesis of Iron Ore Caves in the Iron Quadrangle, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Minerals, 3, Pu, J., Yuan, D., Zhang, C., & Zhao, H. (2013). Hydrogeochemistry and possible sulfate sources in karst groundwater in Chongqing, China. Environmental Earth Sciences, 68, Raeisi, E., Zare, M., & Aghdam, J. A. (2013). Hydrogeology of Gypsum Formations in Iran. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, 75, Activities involving other IGCP projects, UNESCO, IUGS or others We continue active interactions with the International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH) and the Union Internationale de Spéléologie s (UIS) Commission on Karst Hydrogeology and Speleogenesis. 4. Activities planned 4.1. General goals Symposia and training courses will bring together researchers involved in IGCP/SIDA Project 598 and others to focus on the impacts of environmental change on karst systems and the sustainability of karst systems Tentative list of specific meetings and field trips (please list the participating countries) IGCP/SIDA 598 funds for 2014 will be used to support the Workshop on Sharing Experiences in Karst Water Resources in the Middle East which will be held in Ankara, Turkey, in collaboration with the MEDFRIEND program, and which will include about 30 scientists and students from Turkey, Iran, Lebanon, Morocco, Jordan, Palestine, US, Switzerland, France, and Spain. The principal IGCP/SIDA technical conference and business meeting will be at the V International Symposium on Karst at the University of Malaga, Spain. 5. Project funding requested: $15,000 from IGCP and SIDA IGCP/SIDA 598 funds for 2014 will be used to support the Workshop on Sharing Experiences in Karst Water Resources in the Middle East. 6. Request for extension, on-extended-term-status, or intention to propose successor project: N/A 7. Financial statement ($18,000 USD) $2,000 supported the WKU Karst Field Studies Program (USA) $1,000 supported the Hydrokarst workshop, Spain $500 supported the visit of Bartolome Andreo to the US for cooperative research and planning. $8,168 supported students and scientists to the International Conference on Hierarchical Flow Systems in Karst Regions, Budapest, Hungary. One problem was that advance registration fees were paid for several scientists, some of whom were not able to attend the conference due to visa or other problems, and these were non-refundable, and thus contributed to general conference support. $5,500 was used to support students and scientists to the IRCK training course, Guilin $832 (<5%) was used for secretariat expenses. 8. Other Information N/A