Urban Geography Unit Test (Version A)

Transcription

1 Urban Geography Unit Test (Version A) 1. What function do the majority of the world s ten most populated cities serve? a. a fortress city to resist foreign invasion b. a port city for transporting people and goods c. an agricultural service region d. a religious center or pilgrimage site e. a center of primary industries, such as logging 2. What do physical characteristics of a place refer to? a. site b. situation c. threshold d. range e. hierarchy 3. What is the role of cities according to Central Place Theory? a. industrial centers b. transportation hubs c. political capitals d. providers of goods and services e. agricultural hearths 4. A person is willing to travel only a short distance for needs such as milk, but long distances for specialized health care. Which concept explains the previous statement? a. hinterland b. range c. threshold d. median e. node 5. What is a central place? a. hinterland b. market center c. range of goods d. rank-size distribution e. circular settlement 6. Which of the following BEST describes the urban hierarchy of settlements? a. town, hamlet, village, metropolitan area, megalopolis b. village, town, hamlet, metropolitan area, megalopolis c. megalopolis, metropolitan area, village, town, hamlet d. hamlet, town, city, metropolitan area, megalopolis e. hamlet, village, town, city, metropolitan area

2 7. What was the process by which real estate agents convinced white owners to sell their houses? a. blockbusting b. filtering c. gentrification d. redlining e. zoning 8. NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) contributed to the growth of urban settlements in which country? a. Canada b. China c. Mexico d. Russia e. Brazil 9. What is the ideal geometric shape of hinterlands in Central Place Theory? a. circle b. hexagon c. square d. pentagon e. octagon 10. Which statement BEST describes the relationship between the industrial revolution and urbanization? a. urbanization declined due to the industrial revolution b. the industrial revolution promoted urbanization c. the industrial revolution preceded urbanization by thousands of years d. urbanization and the industrial revolution are not related e. the industrial revolution led people to migrate to rural areas 11. Where does the largest percentage of the United States population live? a. central business district (CBD) b. suburbs c. non-metropolitan areas d. rural settlements e. the innermost zone of the concentric zone model 12. The location of the earliest cities was dependent on which of the following? a. flat land suitable for railroads b. arable land and defensible sites c. mild climates and proximity to oil fields d. paved roads e. nearby factories

3 13. Which of the following is a common trait among MOST world cities? a. rapid and uncontrolled metropolitan growth b. highly segregated zones for commercial and residential use c. a stark contrast between wealthy and poor residential zones d. the use of skyscrapers to accommodate suburban populations e. strict zoning laws for appropriate and acceptable land uses 14. Which of the following is the only first tier World City in the United States? a. Boston, MA b. Chicago, IL c. Los Angeles, CA d. New York, NY e. St. Augustine, FL 15. Which of the following countries is the least urbanized? a. Brazil b. United States c. Germany d. Australia e. India 16. What is a megalopolis? a. an area where the urbanized areas of adjacent cities overlap b. consolidated metropolitan statistical area c. central cities and their rural hinterlands d. regional government federation e. central cities 17. What determines the size and wealth of a major metropolitan urban area? a. the size and wealth of the city s local resources b. the size and wealth of the closest large city c. the size and wealth of the city s commuter zone d. the size and wealth of the city s top ten businesses e. the size and wealth of its hinterland 18. Which of the following is NOT a definition of a city? a. a central place with many functions b. a node in a transportation system c. a market not dependent on other places d. an area of high density population and housing e. an area serving residents in the hinterland

4 19. Which of the following BEST describes the function of the city closest to where you live? a. the city functions as a group of independent units b. the city functions as a group of separate nodes c. the city functions as a series of independent layers d. the city functions as separate and distinct systems e. the city functions as a whole, integrated system 20. Which of the following states has one of the highest concentrations of Native Americans living in urban areas? a. North Dakota b. Minnesota c. South Dakota d. Oklahoma e. Florida 21. The development of canals and railroads in the United States led to greater integration of American markets. This, in turn, encouraged which of the following? a. cities developed and grew along these transportation lines b. cities became consolidated on the east coast c. the number of cities decreased d. the development of suburbs e. rural villages dominated the United States markets 22. What is the primary factor that led to the movement of wealthy residents out of the central city to the edge of the city? a. improvements in food production b. widespread outbreaks of disease c. railways and roadways for commuting d. pollution from industrial areas e. better public school systems 23. The expansion of which of the following transportation systems led to the initial urbanization of the Midwest? a. railroads b. steamboats c. highways d. subways e. airports 24. Prior to 1850, westward urban expansion in the U.S. occurred along which type of transportation route? a. railroads b. inland waterways c. highways d. subways e. airports

5 25. Which of the following is NOT a relationship between the location of FM radio stations and major cities? a. FM radio stations tend to be located close to major cities b. FM radio stations tend to serve urban and rural communities c. FM radio stations are located evenly across the United States d. FM radio stations are located near large populations of listeners e. FM Radio stations are regional and may include many cities 26. What is the term for the decline in density and the spread of metropolitan areas associated with the building of freeways after the 1950s? a. suburbanization b. new urbanism c. exurbanization d. gentrification e. counter-urbanism 27. Blockbusting most often contributed to the expansion of which of the following? a. farming communities b. segregated neighborhoods c. small towns d. gentrified neighborhoods e. central business districts 28. The increase in federal mortgage loans available to servicemen after WWII resulted in which of the following? a. expansion of suburban developments b. a decrease in home ownership c. the Baby Boom generation d. improved rural transportation e. a demand for college-trained employees 29. Edge cities have many of the same economic activities as the CBD, including high-rise office space and employment opportunities. Unlike CBDs, what form of transportation is most common in edge cities? a. pedestrians b. automobiles c. buses d. subways e. trains

6 30. Which of the following is an economic policy that has impacted the development of urban residential areas? a. redlining b. redistricting c. in-filling d. gerrymandering e. agglomeration 31. Typically, which of the following is NOT a zoning category? a. institutional b. commercial c. industrial d. residential e. nautical 32. To what does the Central Business District (CBD) refer? a. the residential area outside of the city b. the industrial area outside of the core c. the core commercial area of the city d. the shopping malls located in the suburbs e. the industrial area located in rural areas 33. What is the term that refers to the rehabilitation of deteriorated, often abandoned, housing in low-income, inner-city neighborhoods? a. globalization b. commercialization c. gentrification d. suburbanization e. reurbanization 34. Which of the following BEST describes the internal spatial structures of cities in the U.S.? a. structure is based on natural features b. structure is based on utilities c. structure is based on population d. structure is based on function e. structure is based on size and wealth 35. According to the Burgess Concentric Zone Model, where are MOST central business districts (CBDs) located in United States cities? a. at the center of a circular pattern b. in a ring around the city c. in a zone within the city d. it varies from city to city e. in multiple CBDs in edge cities

7 36. What is often found at the center of a Latin American city? a. central plaza and cathedral b. break-of-bulk points c. public housing d. squatter settlement e. factories 37. Why would a pizza restaurant open in a densely populated urban neighborhood with four (4) existing pizza restaurants? a. the range for pizza has increased b. the threshold for pizza has increased c. population density positively affects the market d. population density negatively affects the market e. population density has no affect on the market 38. What is a primate city? a. a city on the coast with the majority of a country s international trade b. a city whose population is more than twice the size of the next largest city in any country c. a city with the highest percent of people living in the Central Business District (CBD) d. a city whose population is mostly below the poverty line e. a city whose economic development is declining due to deindustrialization 39. Which region of the world is urbanizing the fastest, yet still has the lowest levels of urbanization? a. Sub-Saharan Africa b. Latin America c. Eastern Australia d. Southeast Asia e. Northern Europe 40. How do Latin American cities differ from many other world cities? a. all transportation networks lead to the Central Business District (CBD) b. the poor are not concentrated in slums near the Central Business District (CBD) c. the cities are dependent on the global marketplace through trade d. planners were careful to save ancient cultural sites e. skyscrapers are used to modernize the suburbs