UNIVERSITY OF MAINE SYSTEM FACULTY AND TENURE STATISTICS

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1 FACULTY AND TENURE STATISTICS This report provides a statistical summary of the tenure status and demographic characteristics of faculty at the University of Maine System. Both current information and trends since 1981 are provided. The information was extracted from the University's Human Resources Information file in February 2005, reflecting the academic year. For the purpose of this report, a faculty member is defined as any full-time regular* professional employee with a rank of professor, associate professor, assistant professor, instructor, or lecturer. Included are teaching faculty and administrators with rank who may or may not be teaching. SUBJECT PAGE I. Tenure Statistics, A. Highlights 2 B. Data Tables - Tenure Status by Rank and University Tenure Status By Gender and University 5 - Tenure Status by University Ethnicity By Tenure Status 8 - Average Age By Gender and University 9 By Gender and Rank Years of Service from Date of Appointment to Date of Tenure 12 - Discipline by University 13 - Top Ten Disciplines 14 II. Faculty Profile Trends A. Highlights 15 B. Data Tables - Number of Faculty 16 - Percent Tenured by Gender 16 - Gender Composition of Faculty Years to Tenure by Gender 18 - Minority Faculty 18 - Average Age 18 C. Number of Current Regular Employees Reaching Normal Retirement Age (65) 19 *including faculty with shared appointments or participating in the partial retirement program. Office of Human Resources March 2005

2 Numbers of Tenured and Non-Tenured Faculty REPORT ON TENURE STATISTICS HIGHLIGHTS - Based on the Annual Report on the Economic Status of the Profession, 2003/2004 published by the American Association of University Professors, 56.8% of all faculty nationally are tenured. This compares to 63.0% at the University of Maine System. - There are 1,390 faculty members included in this report. This is the same number of faculty as last year. Tenured faculty increased by 12 to 875, and the number of faculty without tenure decreased by 12 to (63.0%) of the faculty have tenure. The percentage of tenured faculty varies from 66.0% at UMA to 50.0% at UMFK % of professors, 91.3% of associate professors and 2.0% of assistant professors have tenure. At all universities, 95.5% or more of the professors have tenure, and 86.5% or more of the associate professors have tenure (37.0%) of the faculty do not have tenure. Of this number, 274 (53.2%) are eligible for tenure, and 241 (46.8%) are not eligible for tenure faculty who are not eligible for tenure generally fall into one of the following categories: (1) replacement for faculty on sabbatical or temporarily filling a vacant position, (2) soft-money position, (3) administrator, (4) unanticipated enrollment. - On average, a faculty member serves 5.4 years in the University of Maine System before being awarded tenure. Women and Minority Faculty Age Distribution (60.6%) of the faculty are men, and 548 (39.4%) are women. The proportion of women faculty ranges from 52.4% at UMA to 33.1% at UM. This is an increase in women faculty of 0.8% from last year % of men faculty have tenure, and 52.7% of women faculty have tenure. At the two graduate centers, the proportion of women with tenure is 47.8% at UM and 56.9% at USM. - Men faculty serve 5.2 years on average before being awarded tenure; women faculty have an average of 5.8 years of service when awarded tenure. - Only 53 faculty (3.8%) are minority. There are three fewer minority faculty this year than last year. - The average age of University faculty is 51.2 years. Tenured faculty average 54.7 years of age and non-tenured faculty average 45.3 years of age. - The average age varies from 48.9 years at UMFK to 55.0 years at UMA. - The average age of faculty by rank is: professors, 57.6; associate professors, 51.6; assistant professors, 43.8; instructors, 49.0; and lecturers, % of tenured faculty are over the age of 40 while 63.5% of non-tenured faculty are over the age of faculty are over the age of 60 and 69 faculty are over the age of 65. This is 29 more faculty over age 60, and 11 more faculty over age 65 compared to one year ago. Note: In all Tables a indicates zero. Office of Human Resources March 2005

3 3 TENURE STATUS BY RANK AND UNIVERSITY TENURE STATUS TENURED NON-TENURED UNIVERSITY RANK WOMEN MEN WOMEN MEN WOMEN MEN UMAINE PROFESSOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR INSTRUCTOR LECTURER AUGUSTA PROFESSOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR INSTRUCTOR LECTURER FARMINGTON PROFESSOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR INSTRUCTOR LECTURER FORT KENT PROFESSOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR INSTRUCTOR LECTURER

4 4 TENURE STATUS BY RANK AND UNIVERSITY TENURE STATUS TENURED NON-TENURED UNIVERSITY RANK WOMEN MEN WOMEN MEN WOMEN MEN MACHIAS PROFESSOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR INSTRUCTOR LECTURER PRESQUE ISLE PROFESSOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR INSTRUCTOR LECTURER SOUTHERN MAINE PROFESSOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR INSTRUCTOR LECTURER PROFESSOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR INSTRUCTOR LECTURER

5 5 TENURE STATUS BY GENDER AND UNIVERSITY TENURED WOMEN TENURED MEN TENURED FACULTY UNIVERSITY NO. % OF WOMEN FACULTY NO. % OF MEN FACULTY NO. % OF FACULTY UMAINE AUGUSTA FARMINGTON FORT KENT MACHIAS PRESQUE ISLE SOUTHERN MAINE

6 TENURE STATUS BY UNIVERSITY 6 UMAINE AUGUSTA FARMINGTON FORT KENT MACHIAS PRESQUE ISLE SOUTHERN MAINE % 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% TENURED (%) ELIGIBLE (%) NOT ELIGIBLE(%)

7 7 TENURE STATUS BY UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY NUMBER OF TENURED FACULTY NUMBER OF NON-TENURED FACULTY ELIGIBLE FOR TENURE NOT ELIGIBLE FOR TENURE TENURED OR ELIGIBLE FOR TENURE FACULTY UMAINE AUGUSTA FARMINGTON FORT KENT MACHIAS PRESQUE ISLE SOUTHERN MAINE UNIVERSITY TENURED FACULTY AS % OF FACULTY WHO ARE TENURED OR ARE ELIGIBLE FOR TENURE % OF FACULTY WHO ARE TENURED % OF FACULTY WHO ARE TENURED OR ARE ELIGIBLE FOR TENURE % OF NON-TENURED FACULTY WHO ARE ELIGIBLE FOR TENURE UMAINE AUGUSTA FARMINGTON FORT KENT MACHIAS PRESQUE ISLE SOUTHERN MAINE

8 8 ETHNICITY BY TENURE STATUS TENURE STATUS TENURED ELIGIBLE FOR TENURE NOT ELIGIBLE FOR TENURE ETHNICITY NUMBER PERCENT NUMBER PERCENT NUMBER PERCENT NUMBER PERCENT WHITE MINORITY

9 9 AVERAGE AGE BY GENDER AND UNIVERSITY TENURED NON-TENURED UNIVERSITY WOMEN MEN WOMEN MEN UMAINE AUGUSTA FARMINGTON FORT KENT MACHIAS PRESQUE ISLE SOUTHERN MAINE UMAINE AUGUSTA FARMINGTON FORT KENT MACHIAS Non Tenured Men Non Tenured Women Tenured Men Tenured Women PRESQUE ISLE SOUTHERN MAINE AVERAGE AGE

10 AVERAGE AGE BY GENDER AND RANK 10 TENURED NON-TENURED UNIVERSITY RANK WOMEN MEN WOMEN MEN UMAINE PROFESSOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR INSTRUCTOR LECTURER AUGUSTA PROFESSOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR INSTRUCTOR LECTURER FARMINGTON PROFESSOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR INSTRUCTOR LECTURER FORT KENT PROFESSOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR INSTRUCTOR LECTURER

11 11 AVERAGE AGE BY GENDER AND RANK TENURED NON-TENURED UNIVERSITY RANK WOMEN MEN WOMEN MEN MACHIAS PROFESSOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR INSTRUCTOR LECTURER PRESQUE ISLE PROFESSOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR INSTRUCTOR LECTURER SOUTHERN MAINE PROFESSOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR INSTRUCTOR LECTURER PROFESSOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR INSTRUCTOR LECTURER

12 12 YEARS OF SERVICE FROM DATE OF APPOINTMENT TO DATE OF TENURE UMAINE AUGUSTA FARMINGTON FORT KENT YEARS WOMEN MEN WOMEN MEN WOMEN MEN WOMEN MEN 2 or Less MACHIAS PRESQUE ISLE SOUTHERN MAINE YEARS WOMEN MEN WOMEN MEN WOMEN MEN WOMEN MEN 2 or Less

13 13 DISCIPLINE BY UNIVERSITY DISCIPLINE UM UMA UMF UMFK UMM UMPI USM Agricultural Business & Production Agricultural Sciences Architecture & Related Programs Area, Ethnic, & Cultural Studies Biological Science/Life Sciences Business Mgmt & Administrative Services Communications Computer & Information Sciences Conservation/Renewable Natural Resources Education Engineering Engineering or Related Technologies English Language and Literature Entrepreneurship/Marketing Foreign Languages & Literature Health Sciences Home Economics Law and Legal Studies Library Science Mathematics Multi/Interdisciplinary Studies Parks, Recreation, Leisure & Fitness Studies Philosophy & Religion Physical Science Protective Services Psychology Science Technologies Social Sciences Social Work Visual and Performing Arts Unspecified * * Discipline is not reported for administrative faculty

14 DISCIPLINES WITH GREATEST NUMBERS OF FACULTY Social Sciences Physical Science Biological Science/Life Science English Language & Literature Visual & Performing Arts Health Sciences Engineering Busns Mngmnt & Admin Svces Mathematics Education

15 15 TRENDS The annual reports of UMS Tenure Statistics provide the data needed to track trends in the profile of full-time faculty. The reports prepared from 1981 to the current year reveal the following trends. Number of Faculty - The number of faculty has been increasing steadily since 1997, from the low of 1255 faculty members to the current year high of This is the same number of faculty as last year. - The number of faculty grew steadily through out the 1980 s, from 1,160 in 1981 to a high of 1,415 in The number of faculty decreased throughout the 1990 s, from 1,394 in 1990 to a low of 1,255 in Enrollment in the UMS has followed similar trends with growth in the 1980 s, decreases from 1990 to 1997, and increases from 1997 to the present. Percent of Faculty with Tenure - The percent of faculty with tenure declined between 1996 and 2001 and has increased slightly in the last three years. There were 69.6% tenured faculty in 1996, down to a low of 61.0% in The percentage of faculty with tenure declines when the total number of faculty grows and increases when the total number of faculty declines. - The percentage of faculty with tenure dropped to a low of 58% in 1988, reflecting the hiring and growth in total faculty of the 1980 s. - The percentage of faculty with tenure grew to a high of 69.9% in 1995 and 1996, reflecting the low rate of hiring and decrease in total faculty of the 1990 s. - The percent of tenured faculty at public institutions has declined steadily since The tenured faculty of the University of Maine System also declined during this period and was below the national average until The percentage of faculty with tenure is now nearly equal to the percent with tenure in 1981; 63.0% now and 63.3% in The average years of service from date of appointment to tenure has remained between 5.1 years and 5.4 years over the last fifteen years. Women and Minority Faculty - The percentage of faculty who are women has increased from 21.9% in 1981 to 39.4% in The percentage of full-time faculty who are women has increased slightly almost every year reported, resulting in a cumulative gain of over 75%. - The percentage of women faculty with tenure has grown throughout the 23 year period, from 37.4% to 52.7%. However, the percentage of women with tenure continues to be substantially lower than the percentage of men with tenure (69.6%). - The data show a consistent difference between men and women in the number of years of employment prior to the granting of tenure. On average male faculty receive tenure after 5 years, and female faculty receive tenure after 6 years. - Minority faculty have declined over the past three years from a high of 4.7% of the total in 2001 to 3.8% in Average Age of Faculty - The average age of all faculty has increased steadily for more than twenty years. From an average age of 43.9 in 1981, the average has risen to The percentage of tenured faculty who are over age 40 has risen from roughly 80% in 1981 to over 95%. - Projections based on the current workforce indicate an increase in the number of faculty reaching normal retirement age. From fiscal year 2007 to fiscal year 2020 (with two exceptions) 50 or more faculty will attain age 65 each year.

16 PROFILE OF TENURE STATISTICS FROM 1981 THROUGH NUMBER OF FACULTY YEAR FACULTY MEN WOMEN % % PERCENT TENURED BY GENDER YEAR NUMBER PERCENT MEN WOMEN % %

17 17 GENDER COMPOSITION OF FACULTY Untenured Men 23.0% 1981 Tenured Women 8.1% 78.1% Men Untenured Women 13.8% 21.9% Women Tenured Men 55.1% Untenured Men 19.1% 1993 Tenured Women 13.9% 70.9% Men Untenured Women 15.2% 29.1% Women Tenured Men 51.8% 2004 Untenured Men 18.4% Tenured Women 20.8% 60.6% Men Untenured Women 18.6% 39.4% Women Tenured Men 42.2%

18 18 PROFILE OF TENURE STATISTICS FROM 1981 THROUGH 2004 YEARS TO TENURE BY GENDER YEAR AVG MEN WOMEN MINORITIES YEAR NUMBER PERCENT YEAR AVG AGE AVERAGE AGE TENURED TENURED NON-TENURED PCT OVER * *There was a revision to the method for determining age that resulted in rounding differences.

19 19 NUMBER OF CURRENT FACULTY REACHING NORMAL RETIREMENT AGE (65) 100 NUMBER OF FACULTY REACHING RETIREMENT AGE (65) - INCREMENTAL FY05 FY FY14 71 FY In FY05, 69 faculty over age 65 are currently employed within the UMS FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17 FY18 FY19 FY20 FY21 FY22 FY23 FY24 FY25 FISCAL YEAR OF 65TH BIRTHDAY Note: Analysis includes regular, full and part-time faculty using February 2005 employee snapshot and assumes NO replacements are hired.