Toward a new interpretation of subatomic particles and their motion inside a-temporal physical space

Transcription

1 Toward a w itrprtatio of subatoic particls ad thir otio isid a-tporal physical spac David Fiscaltti, Arit Sorli, SpacLif Istitut, Via Rocaglia 5, S. Lorzo i Capo (PU), Italy FiscalttiDavid@libro.it spaclif@libro.it Abstract Four-disioal a-tporal physical spac is th stag i whicatural phoa happ. Quata of spac havig th siz of Plack lgth ad vibratig at crtai frqucis ar th basic packts of rgy which build up attr ad A- Tporal Physical Spac. I particular, quata of spac costitutig A-Tporal Physical Spac vibrat with th basic frqucy ad ar th o-tropy stat of rgy, whil quata of spac costitutig attr vibrat with appropriat diffrt lowr frqucis ad ar th tropy-stat of rgy. Each subatoic particl ca b itrprtd as th rsult of th itractio of rgy i th tropy-stat with o or or quata of th A- Tporal Physical Spac. This itractio of rgy i th tropy stat with quata of spac is dtrid by th vibratio of ths quata of spac at appropriat frqucis. A w itrprtatio of quatu pottial is thus proposd: th quatu pottial itdd as spcial stat of a-tporal physical spac i th prsc of icroscopic procsss. Wh w tak ito cosidratio a atoic or subatoic procss, a-tporal physical spac assus th spcial stat rprstd by quatu pottial i cosquc of ttropic rgy shiftig btw crtai quata of spac: this rgy shiftig (which is dtrid by th vibratios of th quata of spac occupid by th particl) atrializs th subatoic particl ito xaiatio i th diffrt poits of physical spac. W udrli that this w itrprtatio of quatu pottial appars prissibl also i virtu of th fact that both a-tporal physical spac ad quatu pottial allow us to xplai quatu olocality. 1. Itroductio If w bas ourslvs o ltary prcptio (sight), o xprital vidc that atrial objcts ov i ti xists. Th passig of ti caot b prcivd dirctly as attr ad spac; w ca oly prciv th irrvrsibl chags ad ovts of attr i physical spac (i.. th spac whr atrial objcts xist). Th liar ti i which vts happ xists oly i th scitific odls of th uivrs, but ot i th uivrs itslf. O th basis of ltary prcptio, w ca thus say that ti xists oly as a stra of irrvrsibl atrial chags ad ovts happig i a-tporal spac 1. This is a altrativ, diffrt poit of viw fro that covtioally adoptd i physics, but is prhaps or corrct ad appropriat bcaus it is or cohrt with xprital facts. 1

2 Th stag i which physical phoa happ is ot spac-ti but is rally a four-disioal a-tporal spac. Phoa ru i spac-ti oly i th athatical odls of rality, which sotis bco or ral tha rality itslf, which istad o th groud of our ltary prcptio turs out to b a-tporal. Gral rlativity ca b thrfor itrprtd i th followig way: gravity is trasittd by th dsity of th four-disioal a-tporal physical spac ad its ffct is to dtri odificatios i th gotry of this a-tporal spac. This w itrprtatio of gral rlativity, which ca b dfid also a-tporal gravitatio thory, iplis that attr aks physical spac ds ad that atrial particls ov i th dirctio whr th dsity of physical spac is icrasig. A-tporal physical spac allows us to provid a cosistt xplaatio, a itrstig itrprtatio ot oly of gravitatioal itractio. It ca op w prspctivs also as rgards quatu olocality: th couicatio btw two quatu particls is istataous just bcaus it is trasittd by a-tporal physical spac. I virtu of ths cosidratios, it appars prissibl to cosidr four-disioal a-tporal physical spac as th possibl itrdiary of all phoa obsrvd or prdictd by th diffrt thoris; i li of pricipl, this a-tporal spac should b abl to iclud all objcts of physics (ad thrfor also podrabl attr ad forc filds). It is prissibl to thik that this a-tporal spac rprsts a rality otologically priary as to th attr ad that th diffrt typs of filds (lctroagtic, quatu, uclar) ca b s as spcial stats of it. Hr th ai is to itroduc a w itrprtatio of subatoic particls ad thir otio isid a-tporal physical spac. This w itrprtatio, o o had, ca giv rsults siilar to stadard quatu thory ad, o th othr had, will allow us to op w prspctivs as rgards bohia quatu pottial.. Graular structur of a-tporal physical spac All w obsrvs i spac attr or rgy is ot distributd i cotiuous way but is quatizd. I virtu of this cosidratio, o ca suppos that, as attr ad rgy, also a-tporal physical spac is ot cotiuous, but is quatizd, i.. coposd by quata of spac. Th ida rgardig th quatizatio of spac is supportd also by sigificat thortical rsults. Thr ar diffrt thoris i which spac is tratd as a quatu. I particular, thr ar two thoris whos rsults prst a crtai coctio with th idas which will b suggstd i this articl, whos rsults ar hlpful toward tw itrprtatio of subatoic particls which will b proposd hr: spac-ti rticular dyaics ad loop quatu gravity. Spac-ti rticular dyaics rplacs th ida of a cotiuous spacti with a discrt structur of ltary spac-tporal quata, uitary

3 hg grais charactrizd by a ltary lgth l p = ad by a ltary c hg ti t p =. This thory iplis that th otio of physical objcts is 5 c cotiuous oly i acroscopic abit, but idd happs i jrks,. Loop quatu gravity prdicts that physical spac is ot idfiitly divisibl, but it has a graular structur at th Plack scal, giv by a t of itrsctig loops, ad just ths loops costitut th quatu xcitatios of gravitatioal fild, i.. rprst th ltary quata of spac. This thory prdicts that th igvalu probl of th spatial volu oprator adits physically accptabl solutios oly i corrspodc of dtrid discrt valus of th volu, i.. that volu is quatizd, ad that th ltary quata of spatial volu rsid prcisly at tods of tt. Bsids, loop quatu gravity prdicts that also th sparatio surfac btw two adjact quata of spac turs out to b quatizd. I short, i this thory ods carry quatu ubrs of volu lts whil liks (aog th diffrt ods of tt) carry quatu ubrs of ara lts. Ths quatu ubrs ad thir algbra look lik th spi agular otu ubrs of ltary particls, ad thrfor th ltary grais of spac, i.. th loops of tt, ca b appropriatly dfid spi lts or spi tworks. Th iag of physical spac providd by loop quatu gravity is athatically prcis ad ca b sythsizd i this way: ods of spi tworks rprst th ltary grais of spac, ad thir volu is giv by a quatu ubr that is associatd with tod i uits of th ltary Plack volu, V = ( hg / c ) /, whr h is Plack s rducdcostat, G th uivrsal gravitatio costat ad c th spd of light. Two ods ar adjact if thr is a lik btw th two, i which cas thy ar sparatd by a ltary surfac th ara of which is dtrid by th quatu ubr associatd with that lik. Lik quatu ubrs, j, ar itgrs or half-itgrs ad th ara of th ltary surfac is A = 16! V / j( j + 1), whr V is th Plack volu 4, 5. Takig ito accout th rsults of rticular spac-ti dyaics ad loop quatu gravity, if o assus that spac-ti is rally a fourdisioal a-tporal spac (i which th fourth coordiat idicats th urical ordr of atrial ovts), it turs out to b prissibl to assu that this a-tporal spac has a graular structur at Plack scal. I othr words, it turs out to b prissibl to assu that quata of spac hg havig th siz of Plack lgth l p = ar th fudatal costituts of c spac (aly that it is ot possibl to obsrv aras or volus sallr hg tha Plack scal) ad that Plack ti t p = is th last uit of otio 5 c

4 (aly that it is ot possibl to obsrv urical ordr of ovts sallr tha Plack ti).. Th itrprtatio of subatoic particls ad thir ovt If physical spac is quatizd ad th attr placd i it is quatizd, i th volu of physical spac whr a atrial objct is prst quata of spac ad quata of attr ust sohow coxist. I ordr to gt this coxistc, quata of spac ad quata of attr ust b cosidrd as diffrt aspcts of a o tity. Accordig to th odl prstd hr, both attr ad a-tporal physical spac which is pty or without chags, ar costitutd by quata of spac: quata of spac ar th fudatal bricks of all that w obsrv. Th oly diffrc is that a-tporal physical spac (ATPS), i absc of attr, has ot tropy (thr is o xprital vidc that such a spac has tropy; its oly proprty is dsity); istad, attr has tropy ad thrfor ca chag its stat (for xapl, its positio, its atoic ad olcular structur ad its spd). Quata of spac (QS) as ltary packts of rgy hav ot b cratd ad caot b dstroyd (o th groud of th first law of throdyaics). Thy ar a-tporal titis i th ss that o atrial chag is cssary for thir xistc 6. QS costitutig physical spac ad QS costitutig attr hav diffrt stats of rgy bcaus ar dowd with diffrt frqucis of vibratio. QS costitutig ATPS hav th followig faturs. Thy chag thir lctrical charg fro positiv to gativ i a Plack ti (5.9 10!44 s ), which is th lowst uit of ti, aly of otio. Thy vibrat at th basic 44! 1 frqucy s, which is dfid as th ivrs of Plack ti, ad 44! 1 hav a basic rgy giv by th rlatio E QS = h 10 s whr h is Plack 4 10 costat ( ! 10 J! s ), aly E QS = 1,6! 10 J. QS of ATPS ar coplt ito thslvs: thir xistc dos ot dpd o othr physical titis. Thy hav o radiatio, o disprsio of trgy : thir rgy is 10 always th sa ad xactly th basic rgy E QS = 1,6! 10 J. This as that QS which build up ATPS hav o tropy, i othr words ca b dfid as th o-tropy stat of rgy. Istad, QS costitutig attr vibrat with appropriat diffrt frqucis (lowr tha th basic o) ad ca b dfid as th tropystat of rgy. First law of throdyaics ruls QS of ATPS, scod law of throdyaics ruls QS which build up attr. All atrial objcts ar diffrt portios, aggrgats of QS with thir ow charactristic frqucis of vibratio. All atrial particls ar coposd by QS that vibrat at appropriat frqucis ad that, i virtu of ths vibratios, bco sat of a discrt quatity of rgy i th tropystat. Whil QS vibratig at thir basic frqucy hav got rgy i th 4

5 o-tropy stat (ad costitut thrfor pty, or without chags ATPS), QS vibratig at appropriat frqucis (lowr tha th basic o) assu rgy i th tropy stat ad bco thus atrial quata, dowd with ass ad thrfor prcivabl by our sss. I this odl basd o a ATPS, ach subatoic particl is thrfor itrprtd as th rsult of th itractio of rgy i th tropy-stat with o or or QS, dtrid by th vibratio of ths QS at appropriat frqucis. Mor prcisly o ca propos that particls dvoid of itral structur, such as quarks, lptos ad itrdiat bosos, ca b s as th rsult of th itractio of rgy i th tropy-stat with o quatu of spac (causd by th vibratio of this quatu of spac at a crtai appropriat frqucy); istad, particls dowd with a itral structur such as baryos (costitutd by thr quarks) ad sos (costitutd by a quark-atiquark pair) ar giv by th itractio of tropic rgy with or QS (causd by th vibratio of ths QS at crtai appropriat frqucis). For xapl, lctro ca b s as th rsult of th itractio of rgy i th tropy-stat with o quatu of spac (which is occupid by th lctro), itractio dtrid by th vibratio of this quatu of spac at a appropriat frqucy. Th discrt quatity of tropic rgy that a quatu of spac assus wh it bcos lctro dpds o th faturs of th rgio i xa, o th situatio xistig i that particular rgio of ATPS (aly o th typ of itractio, pottial to which th rgio of ATPS is subjctd). I fact, i this odl, th fudatal itractios ad physical filds ca b itrprtd as spcial stats, as spcial abit situatios xistig i ATPS i prsc of crtai atrial particls, ad produc odificatios i th proprtis of ATPS (i particular, gravity has th ffct to produc odificatios i th gotrical proprtis of ATPS whil th othr thr itractios lctroagtic, wak ad strog ca dtri odificatios i th vibratios of QS of th rgio of ATPS ito xaiatio). I ordr to illustrat this w itrprtatio of subatoic particls, lt us cosidr for xapl a lctro big i a statioary stat of hydrog ato. Accordig to this odl, th lctro big i a statioary stat of hydrog ato, i.. th abit situatio xistig i ATPS rprstd by th Coulob fild cratd by a proto, ca b s as th rsult of th itractio of tropic rgy, giv by o of th igvalus of trgtic spctru 4 1 E =! (whr is th ass of lctro ad is a itgr positiv ubr), with o quatu of spac. This quatu of spac bcos sat of this tropic rgy as a cosquc of th vibratio at a appropriat 4! frqucy! which is obtaid by th rlatio: E = h = # ad thus is 5

6 4! giv by = #. Th particular valu of th frqucy of vibratio dtrid by th Coulob pottial i a quatu of spac dpds o th positio of this quatu of spac. W will say i fact that th Coulob pottial cratd by a proto chags th frqucy of a quatu of spac h big at a distac r = fro th proto, fro th valu giv by th 4! basic frqucy to th valu = # (ad thrfor dtris th 4! apparac i it of ttropic rgy E = h = # ). For xapl, i h th cas i which th quatu of spac is at a distac r1 = fro th proto, th Coulob pottial producs th chag of th frqucy of this quatu of spac fro th valu giv by th basic frqucy to th valu 4! 1 = # (ad thrfor dtris th apparac i this quatu of h 4 spac of ttropic rgy E1 =! qual to th first igvalu of th h rgtic spctru of a hydrog ato): a quatu of spac big at a h distac r1 = fro th proto, udr th actio of th Coulob pottial 4! V ( r) =! / r, vibrats at th frqucy 1 = # ad bcos thrfor h sat of a quatity of tropic rgy qual to th first igvalu of th rgtic spctru of a hydrog ato, i.. bcos a lctro big i th first statioary stat of th hydrog ato. Thrfor, i this odl, th lctro big i a statioary stat of th hydrog ato drivs fro a quatu of spac vibratig at appropriat frqucis lss tha th basic o. It is th vibratio of a quatu of spac at a appropriat frqucy that causs th chag of rgy of this quatu of spac fro th o-tropy stat to th tropy stat ad, thrfor, crats th apparac of a lctro i a statioary stat of th hydrog ato. Thrfor, th followig radig of th athatical foralis cocrig th lctro of a hydrog ato turs out to b prissibl: i a giv rgio of ATPS, th abit situatio rprstd by th Coulob fild cratd by a proto (i.. V ( r) =! / r whr r is th distac fro th proto) dtris a odificatio i th proprtis of that rgio: or prcisly, it producs th chag of th frqucy of a quatu of spac surroudig th proto fro th valu giv by th basic frqucy to 4! o of th valus = #. This quatu of spac, vibratig at o of ths frqucis! bcos sat of a discrt quatity of tropic rgy 6

7 4! giv by E = h = # ad this as that it has bco a lctro big i a statioary stat of th hydrog ato. O th groud of this itrprtatio of th lctro big i a statioary stat of th hydrog ato, also th followig iportat cosquc ca b draw. O ca say that it is th spcial stat of ATPS (i this cas rprstd by th Coulob pottial) to crat attr (i this cas th lctro big i a statioary stat of hydrog ato). I othr words, w ca also say that th prsc, i a giv poit of ATPS, of a ass ad a charg qual to th ass ad th charg of lctro is a ffct of th vibratio of a 4! quatu of spac at a frqucy giv by o of th valus = #, causd by th abit situatio xistig i th rgio of ATPS i xaiatio. Also th quatu wav associatd to th lctro big i a statioary stat of th hydrog ato ca b cosidrd a ffct of th vibratio at th 4! frqucis = # ; i fact, sic th apparac i a quatu of 4! spac of a tropic rgy giv by E = h = # is dtrid by its 4! vibratio at th frqucy = #, ad sic a lctro havig rgy 4! qual to o of th valus E = h = # is dscribd by a igfuctio of th hydrog ato, i.. # l ( r,,!) = Rl ( r) Yl (,! ), o ca say that th quatu wavfuctio of th lctro big i a statioary stat of th hydrog ato ca b s itslf as a cosquc of th vibratio at th 4! frqucy = #. This particular xapl of th lctro of a hydrog ato shows that th ordiary statioary stats prdictd by quatu chaics ca b s as th ffct of th vibratio of a quatu of spac at appropriat frqucis charactristic of that particl: th fact that th frqucy is quatizd iplis that also trgy (i ttropy stat) that a quatu of spac acquirs (as a cosquc of that vibratio) is quatizd ad a diffrt quatu wavfuctio will b associatd with ach of ths valus of rgy. I sythsis, th followig facts ca b draw as rgards this odl. O o had, w ca say that this odl ca giv rsults siilar to stadard quatu thory, i th ss that th quatu stats of th particls ito cosidratio coicid with th corrspodt stats prdictd by stadard quatu chaics. O th othr had, at th sa ti, this odl itroducs ths w sipl lts: th ida that spac is a-tporal ad has a graular structur at th Plack scal ad th fact that th stat of ach subatoic 7

8 particl ca b always s as th cosquc of th vibratio of o or or QS at appropriat frqucis. Thrfor, o th groud of this odl o ca say that it is just th vibratios of QS at th frqucis charactristic of subatoic particls which giv plac to th quatu wavs associatd with th atrial particls. Th wav bhaviour of th subatoic particls ariss fro th vibratios of QS costitutig th. I short, o ca say that all drivs fro th vibratios at appropriat frqucis (charactristic of atrial particls). Th vibratios of QS at appropriat frqucis crat th apparac of atrial particls (i th ss that, bcaus of th, ths QS bco sat of a discrt quatity of rgy i th tropy stat ) ad, at th sa ti, crat th wav bhaviour, th quatu wavs associatd with such particls. Ths quatu wavs ca b itrprtd both i stadard ss (as athatical tools to coput crtai probabilitis) ad i or ralistic sss. W phasiz howvr that w prfr to itrprt th i a ralistic ss. W suggst, i particular, that ths quatu wavs ca b itrprtd lik i Boh s pilot wav thory. I this rgard, it is iportat to udrli th followig facts. Firstly, w ca say that thr is a crtai aalogy, rsblac btw th wav ) 1 * &! Q[, t] quatio ' + # = # c t $ (whr c is th spd of light) of Boh s ( * %! quatu fild thory cocrig a asslss quatu fild ad th classical & assiv Kli-Gordo quatio! # $ ) 1 ' (! =!. Scodly, it has b % c ' t show that for particular solutios of th Kli-Gordo quatio th quatu pottial associatd with a o-quatu stat acts so that th asslss quatu fild bhavs as if it wr a classical fild with ass. As a cosquc of ths facts, i Boh s quatu fild thory, w ar prstd with th possibility that th attribut of ass ca b s as a ffct of quatu pottial, i.. that quatu pottial ca b viwd as th origi of th ass of a subatoic particl 7. Th, if w tak ito accout that i Boh s quatu fild thory thr is a possibl lik btw th ass of a particl ad th quatu pottial, ad that, i th odl hr suggstd, th apparac of a ass as th apparac of a tropic rgy, th followig ida turs out to b copltly prissibl: th quatu wavs guid th corrspodig particls, through th actio of quatu pottial, durig thir otio, i diffrt QS of ATPS. Mor prcisly, o ca suggst that th quatu pottial is rsposibl of ttropic rgy shiftig btw diffrt QS. For xapl, i th cas of th statioary stats of th hydrog ato, o th groud of our odl, th actio of quatu pottial is to crat th apparac of a lctro of ass (ad cosqutly of ttropic 8

9 4! rgy E = h = # ) i th diffrt QS of acrgtic lvl. Th rol of quatu pottial is to trasfr, to guid this tropic rgy aog th diffrt QS coposig th trajctory dscribd by th lctro i a rgtic lvl of th hydrog ato. Thr is a corrspodc btw quatu pottial ad th apparac of tropic rgy i th diffrt poits of ATPS. I short, as far as th itrprtatio of attr is cocrd, o th groud of this odl all drivs fro th vibratios at appropriat frqucis (charactristic of atrial particls). Th vibratios of QS at appropriat frqucis crat th apparac of atrial particls (i th ss that bcaus of th, ths QS bco sat of a discrt quatity of rgy i th tropy stat ) ad, at th sa ti, crat th wav bhaviour, th quatu wavs associatd with such particls. O ca suggst that th rol of quatu pottial is just to trasfr a discrt quatity of tropic rgy aog diffrt QS of ATPS (akig thus a particl appar i th QS which copos its trajctory). Thrfor, o th groud of th odl proposd hr, o ca say that th quatu wavs associatd with atrial particls guid th corrspodig particls i th rgios whr th wavfuctio is or its, through th actio of quatu pottial, which is rsposibl of ttropic rgy shiftig btw th diffrt QS coposig th trajctory dscribd by th particl i ATPS. 4. Quatu pottial as spcial stat of a-tporal physical spac i th prsc of icroscopic procsss I Boh s pilot wav thory, th ovt of a subatoic particl is dtrid by th su of a classic pottial ad a quatu pottial r d x (accordig to th law =!( V + Q) whr is th ass of th particl, V dt 7,8, 9 is th classic pottial ad Q is th quatu pottial). O th othr had, i th odl hr suggstd about quatizd ATPS, th otio of a subatoic particl is tid to th itractio of tropic rgy with th various QS coposig th trajctory dscribd by th particl ito cosidratio (ad this itractio is producd by th vibratio of ths QS at crtai frqucis). Accordig to this odl, th vibratio at appropriat frqucis of o or or QS dtris th itractio of tropic rgy with ths QS ad th apparac i th of a subatoic particl; this vibratio producs also a quatu wav that guids th particl durig its otio, akig it appar i diffrt poits of ATPS. Th otio of a subatoic particl is thrfor always causd by th vibratio of crtai QS at appropriat frqucis. Th volutio of th wavfuctio of a physical syst happs i spac-ti oly i th athatical odls of rality. I a a-tporal viw of th uivrs, th wavfuctio! which dscribs th stat of a giv 9

10 physical syst dos ot vary i ti but vary i a four-disioal ATPS ad th stra of chags that it has i spac is itslf ti. This as that, i this odl, th coordiat t which appars i Schrödigr quatio i h! = H! (H big th Hailtoia of th syst) dos ot rprst ti t but rathr th stra of chags that th physical syst has i ATPS ad! thus is th partial drivativ of th wavfuctio i rspct to th stra!t of chags of th syst i ATPS. Also th law of otio of th particl i Boh s vrsio of quatu r d x chaics, =!( V + Q), ca rciv a aalogous itrprtatio: hr, t dt dos ot rprst a ral physical ti, but rathr th stra of chags of d x r th particl ito cosidratio i ATPS. Th acclratio is ot th dt variatio of th spd i ti but th stra of chags to which th spd is subjctd i ATPS. Th law of otio writt abov says us th that th total forc (classic + quatu) actig o a physical syst is tid to th stra of chags of th spd of th syst i ATPS (ad thus if th particl ito cosidratio is still, thr is ot stra of chags i spac ad thrfor o forc acts o th particl). Now, w ca udrstad wll th coctio btw this a-tporal itrprtatio of th law of otio i Boh s pilot-wav thory ad th itrprtatio of a subatoic particl i quatizd ATPS. As w hav said i th prvious chaptr, it is th vibratio of crtai QS at appropriat frqucis that dtris th apparac of a particl i ATPS ad crats th wav which guids th particl durig its otio. O ca dduc thus that th otio, th stra of chags to which a particl is subjctd i ATPS is itslf tid to th vibratio at appropriat frqucis of th QS coposig its trajctory. Thrfor, quatu pottial itslf is dtrid, i short, by th vibratio at appropriat frqucis of so QS of ATPS. Hr th followig ida is thrfor proposd. Thr is soway a coctio, a corrspodc, btw ttropic rgy ovt aog th various QS, ths ltary grais of ATPS - ovt that, as said bfor, atrializs a particl akig it appar i th diffrt poits of spac - ad th actio of th total forc that producs th otio of that particl, as w kow it fro Boh s pilot wav thory. Th ovt of a particl udr th actio of th total forc (classic + quatu) ca b s as th ffct of ttropic rgy trasfr aog th diffrt QS i which th trajctory dscribd by th particl ca b dcoposd. I othr words, o ca thik that th total forc (classic + quatu) which acts o a particl rprst th idiat ffct, th idiat aifstatio of ttropic rgy shiftig btw th various QS coposig th trajctory dscribd by this particl 10. It is iportat to udrli that this ida, accordig to which 10

11 th total forc actig o subatoic particls ca b s as th ffct of th tropic rgy shiftig btw diffrt QS, appars cosistt also o th groud of th rsults of spac-ti rticular dyaics tiod i chaptr. Th rsults of spac-ti rticular dyaics ca b s as othr iportat lts which giv plausibility, accptability to th ida, proposd hr, accordig to which thr b a corrspodc btw ttropic rgy ovt aog diffrt QS - ovt that atrializs a particl akig it appar i th diffrt poits of spac - ad th actio of th total forc that producs th otio of that particl, as w kow it fro Boh s pilot wav thory. I this way, a w itrprtatio of quatu pottial ca b proposd: th ida that quatu pottial has origi fro this dpr lvl of rality, i which o assus that physical spac is a-tporal, coposd by a t of QS havig th siz of Plack lgth (which rprst its ltary grais) ad i which o assus that subatoic particls appar i virtu of th itractio of tropic rgy with o or or QS. This w itrprtatio ops th possibility that thr b a possibl lik btw quatu pottial ad graular structur of physical spac at th Plack scal. It iplis i fact a corrspodc btw bohia quatu pottial ad ttropic rgy shiftig aog th QS (rsposibl of th atrializatio i diffrt poits of spac of a ltary particl): as rgards icroscopic procsss, ATPS assus th spcial stat, rprstd by quatu pottial, i cosquc of ttropic rgy shiftig btw various QS, ad thrfor i cosquc of th vibratio of such QS at appropriat frqucis. I short, th ovt of atoic ad subatoic particls is dtrid by trgy shiftig aog th various QS (causd by th vibratio at crtai frqucis) ad it is i cosquc of this rgtic shiftig that ATPS assus th spcial stat rprstd by quatu pottial. Th itrprtatio of quatu pottial as th spcial stat of ATPS i th prsc of icroscopic procsss, ca b also s as a atural cosquc which drivs fro quatu olocality. Nolocality provids to us aothr lt for which this w itrprtatio of quatu pottial appars copltly prissibl. Th istataous coctio btw two subatoic particls sparatd by big distacs, i Boh s vrsio of quatu chaics, is xplaid by quatu pottial. But at th sa ti olocality of quatu phoa ca b also s as a ffct of ATPS. That is to say: o ca thik that it is ATPS to trasit th iforatio btw two particls, bfor joid ad th rovd ad carrid at big distacs o fro th othr, to lt ths two particls couicat istataously. Just as gravitatioal itractio xpctd by a-tporal gravitatio thory, also th iforatio btw two quatu particls is a- tporal, has ot spd 11. Hc w ar prstd idiatly with th possibility that thr b a sort of corrspodc btw quatu pottial 11

12 ad ATPS, i particular that quatu pottial ca b just itrprtd as th spcial stat of ATPS i th prsc of icroscopic procsss, ad thus of quatu particls. Wh o taks ito cosidratio a atoic or subatoic procss (such as for xapl th cas of a EPR-typ xprit, of two subatoic particls, bfor joid ad th sparatd ad carrid away at big distacs o fro th othr), ATPS assus th spcial stat rprstd by quatu pottial, ad this allows a istataous couicatio btw th two particls udr study. 5. Coclusios Uivrs is a a-tporal phoo ad QS havig th siz of Plack lgth ar its ltary packts of rgy. QS costitutig ATPS vibrat at th basic frqucy ad ar th o-tropy stat of rgy; QS costitutig attr vibrat at appropriat frqucis (lowr tha th basic o) ad ar th tropy stat of rgy. It is i virtu of th vibratio at appropriat frqucis that QS assu a discrt quatity of rgy i th tropy stat, bcoig thrfor atrial quata, prcivabl to our sss. Each subatoic particl ca b s as a structur coposd by o or or QS vibratig at a appropriat frqucy: i virtu of this vibratio, ths QS bco sat of a discrt quatity of tropic rgy (whos valu ad for dpd o th particular abit situatio of th rgio i xa, o th particular pottial to which th rgio of ATPS is subjctd). Th quatu wavs of th subatoic particls ca b cosidrd thslvs a ffct of th vibratios of th QS costitutig thos particls, ad w suggst that ths quatu wavs guid th corrspodig particls i thir ovt i agrt with Boh s pilot wav thory. I this way, it is possibl to propos a w itrprtatio of quatu pottial as spcial stat of a-tporal physical spac i th prsc of icroscopic procsss. This w itrprtatio of quatu pottial ca provid us a or profoud viw, at a or fudatal lvl, of atoic ad subatoic procsss. Th trajctory dscribd by a subatoic particl i a giv quatu xprit ca b s as th cosquc of th stat of ATPS wh that xprit is prford; ATPS assus that stat, rprstd just by quatu pottial, bcaus of th vibratio at appropriat frqucis of so QS costitutig th rgio of ATPS i xaiatio, vibratio which causs th itractio of tropic rgy with such QS. It is ttropic rgy shiftig btw ths particular QS coposig a giv rgio of ATPS (dtrid i tur by th vibratio at appropriat frqucis) to atrializ a subatoic particl i th diffrt poits of its trajctory, ad it is prissibl to thik that th way of actig of quatu pottial rg just fro hr. 1

13 Rfrcs 1. Sorli A. ad Sorli I. (004). A-tporal gravitatio, Elctroic Joural of Thortical Physics, 1 (), Licata I. (1989). Diaica rticolar dllo spazio-tpo. Bologa: Iditi Scitifici Adroda.. Licata I. (00). Ossrvado la sfig. Roa: Di Rzo. 4. Rovlli C. (00). Loop quatu gravity, Physics World, 7 (11), Rovlli C. (004). Quatu gravity. Cabridg, Massachussts: Cabridg Uivrsity Prss. 6. Sorli A. ad Fiscaltti D. (005). Activ galactic uclus as a rwig syst of th uivrs, Elctroic Joural of Thortical Physics, (6), Hollad P.R. (199). Th quatu thory of otio. Cabridg, Massachussts: Cabridg Uivrsity Prss. 8. Fiscaltti D. (00). I fodati lla ccaica quatistica. U aalisi critica dll itrprtazio ortodossa, dlla toria di Boh dlla toria GRW. Padova: CLEUP. 9. Fiscaltti D. (004). L voluzio di coctti di oda pilota potzial quatistico dall id origiali di d Brogli fio agli ai Ottata, Quadri di storia dlla Fisica, 1, Fiscaltti D. ad Sorli A. (005). Toward a a-tporal itrprtatio of quatu pottial, Frotir Prspctivs, 14 (), Fiscaltti D. (005). A-tporal physical spac ad quatu olocality, Elctroic Joural of Thortical Physics, (6),