A) HCl C) 52 g KCl in 100 g water at 80ºC A) temperature of the solution increases B) supersaturated D) low temperature and high pressure D) KClO3

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1 1. Which compound becomes less soluble in water as the temperature of the solution is increased? A) HCl B) 2. The solubility of O3(s) in water increases as the A) temperature of the solution increases B) temperature of the solution decreases C) pressure on the solution increases D) pressure on the solution decreases 3. Under which conditions of temperature and pressure is a gas most soluble in water? A) high temperature and low pressure B) high temperature and high pressure C) low temperature and low pressure D) low temperature and high pressure 4. A student adds solid to water in a flask. The flask is sealed with a stopper and thoroughly shaken until no more solid dissolves. Some solid is still visible in the flask. The solution in the flask is A) saturated B) supersaturated C) unsaturated 5. A student adds solid to water in a flask. The flask is sealed with a stopper and thoroughly shaken until no more solid dissolves. Some solid is still visible in the flask. The solution in the flask is A) saturated and is at equilibrium with the solid B) saturated and is not at equilibrium with the solid C) unsaturated and is at equilibrium with the solid D) unsaturated and is not at equilibrium with the solid 6. A solution contains 100 grams of a nitrate salt dissolved in 100 grams of water at 50ºC. The solution could be a A) supersaturated solution of NaNO3 B) saturated solution of NaNO3 C) supersaturated solution of KNO3 D) saturated solution of KNO3 7. Which is a saturated solution? A) 40 g NH4Cl in 100 g water at 50ºC B) 2 g SO2 in 100 g water at 10ºC C) 52 g in 100 g water at 80ºC D) 120 g KI in 100 g water at 20ºC 8. A solution containing 60. grams of NaNO3 completely dissolved in 50. grams of water at 50ºC is classified as being A) saturated B) supersaturated C) dilute and unsaturated D) dilute and saturated 9. Which saturated solution would be the most dilute at 0 C? A) KI B) NaCI C) NaNO3 D) O3 10. A 3.0 M HCl(aq) solution contains a total of A) 3.0 grams of HCl per liter of water B) 3.0 grams of HCl per mole of solution C) 3.0 moles of HCl per liter of solution D) 3.0 moles of HCl per mole of water 11. What is the total number of moles of NaCl(s) needed to make 3.0 liters of a 2.0 M NaCl solution? A) 6.0 mol B) 8.0 mol C) 1.0 mol D) 0.70 mol 12. What is the molarity of a solution containing 20 grams of NaOH in 500 milliliters of solution? A) 1 M B) 2 M C) 0.04 M D) 0.5 M 13. When 20. milliliters of 1.0 M HCl is diluted to a total volume of 60. milliliters, the concentration of the resulting solution is A) 1.0 M B) 0.50 M C) 0.33 M D) 0.25 M

2 14. How do the boiling point and freezing point of a solution of water and calcium chloride at standard pressure compare to the boiling point and freezing point of water at standard pressure? A) Both the freezing point and boiling point of the solution are higher. B) Both the freezing point and boiling point of the solution are lower. C) The freezing point of the solution is higher and the boiling point of the solution is lower. D) The freezing point of the solution is lower and the boiling point of the solution is higher. 15. Compared to the freezing point and boiling point of water at 1 atmosphere, a solution of a salt and water at 1 atmosphere has a A) lower freezing point and a lower boiling point B) lower freezing point and a higher boiling point C) higher freezing point and a lower boiling point D) higher freezing point and a higher boiling point 16. Which solution has the lowest freezing point? A) 10. g of KI dissolved in 100. g of water B) 20. g of KI dissolved in 200. g of water C) 30. g of KI dissolved in 100. g of water D) 40. g of KI dissolved in 200. g of water 17. Compared to the freezing point of 1.0 M (aq) at standard pressure, the freezing point of 1.0 M CaCl2 (aq) at standard pressure is A) lower B) higher C) the same 18. What occurs when NaCl(s) is added to water? A) The boiling point of the solution increases, and the freezing point of the solution decreases. B) The boiling point of the solution increases, and the freezing point of the solution increases. C) The boiling point of the solution decreases, and the freezing point of the solution decreases. D) The boiling point of the solution decreases, and the freezing point of the solution increases. 19. What occurs as a salt dissolves in pure water? A) The number of ions in the solution decreases, and the freezing point decreases. B) The number of ions in the solution decreases, and the freezing point increases. C) The number of ions in the solution increases, and the freezing point decreases. D) The number of ions in the solution increases, and the freezing point increases.

3 20. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below concerning the classification of matter. Explain, in terms of particle arrangement, why NaCl(aq) is a homogeneous mixture. 21. Which formula represents a mixture? A) C6H12O6( ) B) C6H12O6(s) C) LiCl(aq) D) LiCl(s) 22. An aqueous solution of sodium chloride is best classified as a 23. A sample is prepared by completely dissolving 10.0 grams of NaCl in 1.0 liter of H2O. Which classification best describes this sample? 24. In which system do molecule-ion attractions exist? A) (s) B) (aq) C) ( ) D) (g) 25. What happens when NaCl(s) is dissolved in water? A) Cl ions are attracted to the oxygen atoms of water molecules. B) Na + ions are attracted to the oxygen atoms of C) Cl ions are repelled by the hydrogen atoms of D) Na + ions are repelled by the oxygen atoms of 26. Two grams of potassium chloride are completely dissolved in a sample of water in a beaker. This solution is classified as A) an element B) a compound C) a homogeneous mixture D) a heterogeneous mixture 27. A dilute, aqueous potassium nitrate solution is best classified as a 28. A mixture of crystals of salt and sugar is added to water and stirred until all solids have dissolved. Which statement best describes the resulting mixture? A) The mixture is homogeneous and can be separated by filtration. B) The mixture is homogeneous and cannot be separated by filtration. C) The mixture is heterogeneous and can be separated by filtration. D) The mixture is heterogeneous and cannot be separated by filtration. 29. Which must be a mixture of substances? A) solid B) liquid C) gas D) solution 30. Which sample is a homogeneous mixture? A) NaCl(s) B) NaCl( ) C) NaCl(g) D) NaCl(aq)

4 31. At standard pressure, which substance becomes less soluble in water as temperature increases from 10. C to 80. C? A) HCl B) 32. Which compound is least soluble in water at 60. C? A) O3 B) KNO3 33. According to your Reference Tables, which substance forms an unsaturated solution when 80 grams of the substance is dissolved in 100 grams of H2O at 10 C? A) KI B) KNO3 C) NaNO3 D) NaCl 34. Solubility data for four different salts in water at 60 C are shown in the table below. 37. As the temperature increases from 0ºC to 25ºC the amount of NH3 that can be dissolved in 100 grams of water A) decreases by 10 grams B) decreases by 40 grams C) increases by 10 grams D) increases by 40 grams 38. The solubility of (s) in water depends on the A) pressure on the solution B) rate of stirring C) size of the sample D) temperature of the water 39. A student prepares four aqueous solutions, each with a different solute. The mass of each dissolved solute is shown in the table below. Which salt is most soluble at 60 C? A) A B) B C) C D) D 35. According to Reference Table G, how many grams of KNO3 would be needed to saturate 200 grams of water at 70ºC? A) 43 g B) 86 g C) 134 g D) 268 g 36. According to Reference Table G, how does a decrease in temperature from 40 C to 20 C affect the solubility of NH3 and? A) The solubility of NH3 decreases, and the solubility of decreases. B) The solubility of NH3 decreases, and the solubility of increases. C) The solubility of NH3 increases, and the solubility of decreases. D) The solubility of NH3 increases, and the solubility of increases. Which solution is saturated? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) What is the total mass of KNO3 that must be dissolved in 50. grams of H2O at 60. C to make a saturated solution? A) 32 g B) 53 g C) 64 g D) 106 g 41. When 5 grams of are dissolved in 50. grams of water at 25 C, the resulting mixture can be described as A) heterogeneous and unsaturated B) heterogeneous and supersaturated C) homogeneous and unsaturated D) homogeneous and supersaturated 42. A saturated solution of NaNO3 is prepared at 60.ºC using 100. grams of water. As this solution is cooled to 10.ºC, NaNO3 precipitates (settles) out of the solution. The resulting solution is saturated. Approximately how many grams of NaNO3 settled out of the original solution? A) 46 g B) 61 g C) 85 g D) 126 g

5 43. Based on Reference Table G, a solution of NaNO3 that contains 120 grams of solute dissolved in 100 grams of H2O at 50ºC is best described as A) saturated and dilute B) saturated and concentrated C) supersaturated and dilute D) supersaturated and concentrated 44. A solution contains 70 grams of NaNO3 in 100 grams of water at 10ºC. How many additional grams of NaNO 3 are required to saturate this solution? A) 10 B) 20 C) 60 D) Which phrase describes the molarity of a solution? A) liters of solute per mole of solution B) liters of solution per mole of solution C) moles of solute per liter of solution D) moles of solution per liter of solution 46. How many moles of solute are contained in 200 milliliters of a 1 M solution? A) 1 B) 0.2 C) 0.8 D) What is the total number of grams of HI in liter of 1.00 M HI? A) 1.00 g B) g C) 64.0 g D) 128 g 48. A 20.-milliliter sample of 0.60 M HCl is diluted with water to a volume of 40. milliliters. What is the new concentration of the solution? A) 0.15 M B) 0.60 M C) 0.30 M D) 1.2 M 49. If 100. milliliters of a 1.0-molar NaCl solution is evaporated to 25 milliliters, what will be the concentration of the resulting NaCl solution? A) 0.25 M B) 2.0 M C) 0.50 M D) 4.0 M What are the three factors that would effect the rate of dissolving a NaCl in water? 2 Describe the effect each factor has on the rate of dissolving NaCl in water. 3 Explain, in terms of collision theory, how each factor influences the rate of dissolving NaCl in water. 51. Explain how temperature and pressure effect the solubility of a gas in a liquid.

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