The End of the Cold War and the Causes of Soviet Collapse

Transcription

1 The End of the Cold War and the Causes of Soviet Collapse

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3 The End of the Cold War and the Causes of Soviet Collapse Nick Bisley Lecturer in International Relations, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia

4 Nick Bisley 2004 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act First published 2004 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN ISBN (ebook) DOI / This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Bisley, Nick, 1973 The end of the Cold War and the causes of Soviet collapse / Nick Bisley. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN Soviet Union History Cold War. 3. State, The. I. Title. DK286.B dc

5 Contents Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations vi viii 1 The Cold War and the Soviet State 1 2 Historical Sociology, International Relations and the State 22 3 Foreign Policy and Soviet State Power 42 4 Ending the Cold War 74 5 The Vulnerability of a Great Power Foreign Policy Change and State Stability 133 Appendix 152 Notes 163 Bibliography 194 Index 206 v

6 Acknowledgements In producing this book I have been fortunate to have benefited enormously from the support and assistance of my colleagues, family and friends. The book had its origins as a doctoral thesis written in the International Relations Department at the London School of Economics, and a better environment in which to conduct doctoral research is hard to imagine. My work was especially influenced by Chris Brown s International Political Theory workshop, an invaluable and enjoyable source of ideas, debate and criticism, as well as being shaped by the more pointed arguments conducted in D710 and the Beaver s Retreat. I would particularly like to thank Jason Ackleson, Dan Alamariu, Chris Alden, Michael Banks, Chris Brown, Pat Cullen, Spyros Economides, Stefan Elbe, Mohammed Hafez, Per Hammarlund, Mark Hoffman, Louiza Odysseos, Sarah Owen-Vandersluis, Razeen Sally, Rick Saull, Marlin Smith, William Wallace, Peter Wilson and Paris Yeros, all of whom, either directly or indirectly, helped knock the book into shape. Thanks are also due to Mick Cox and Margot Light who examined the thesis and whose comments helped improve the work inestimably. I would especially like to thank Margot Light not only for her detailed criticisms, which made the book much more effective, but also for her encouragement to publish a piece of work I could barely stand to look at, let alone think about, any longer. The book was completed in the Department of Politics and International Relations at the University of Reading, and its rapid conclusion was a direct result of the friendly and generous atmosphere of Peter Woodward s department. I would also like to thank Ann Capling, Derek McDougall and Peter Shearman who helped get me moving in this direction in the first place. I have been extremely fortunate to have had constant and unwavering support from my family throughout my education and the book is in many ways a tribute to them. Above all, there are two people who are deserving of most thanks. Catherine Button has not only endured it from its outset, but also proof-read the entire manuscript with consummate editorial zeal. Fred Halliday has been a force at the LSE for many years vi

7 Acknowledgements vii and I was fortunate enough to have him supervise my thesis; to have been able to work with Fred was a pleasure and a privilege. There can be no doubt that without his enthusiasm, inspiration and confidence this book would never have been written. NICK BISLEY Reading and Oxford

8 List of Abbreviations CFE CIA CIS CoCom COMECON CPE CPD CPSU FRG GDR GOSSNAB GOSSPLAN ICBM IMF INF IR KGB NATO NMP OPEC RCP RSFSR SDI START TsSU UN Conventional Forces in Europe Central Intelligence Agency Commonwealth of Independent States Co-ordinating Committee on East West Trade Council for Mutual Economic Assistance Centrally Planned Economy Congress of People s Deputies Communist Party of the Soviet Union Federal Republic of Germany German Democratic Republic Soviet State Acquisition Agency Soviet State Planning Agency Intercontinental Ballistic Missile International Monetary Fund Intermediate Nuclear Forces The academic study of International Relations State Security Council (USSR) North Atlantic Treaty Organisation National Material Product (Soviet equivalent of GNP) Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries Russian Communist Party Russian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic Strategic Defence Initiative Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty Central Statistics Directorate (USSR) United Nations Organisations viii