Education. The Council of Southeast Pennsylvania, Inc. Overdose Prevention and. Education Advisory Board

Transcription

1 Overdose Prevention and Education The Council of Southeast Pennsylvania, Inc. Overdose Prevention and Education Advisory Board

2 Outline What is an Overdose? What drugs are we talking about? Risk Factors Recognizing an Overdose Responding to an Overdose What NOT to Do How to prevent an overdose How to get support

3 What is An Overdose? An overdose is when you take more than the normal or recommended amount of something, usually a drug An overdose is not the same as a poisoning; Poisoning occurs when someone or something (such as the environment) exposes you to dangerous chemicals, plants, or other harmful substance without your knowledge (

4 Brain Receptors (

5 What drugs are we talking About? An overdose can occur with most ANY drug Single drug use danger Mixing Drugs increases risk especially when you mix a downer with an upper, or a downer with another downer Highest risk with certain drugs: Benzodiazepines Alcohol Stimulants Opioids extremely high risk of overdose

6 Risk Factors Loss Of Tolerance Mixing Drugs Variation in strength Serious Illness Using Drug Alone Previous Non-Fatal Overdose

7 What is the difference between being high and an overdose? Really High Relaxed muscles Slow/slurred speech Drowsy look Slight head nod Response to stimulation Overdose Deep snoring sound or gurgling Infrequent or no breathing Blue, pale or clammy skin Slow or no pulse/heartbeat Throwing up Passing out

8 Additionally Know: An overdose after using an opioid can occur 1-2 hours after use unlike after injecting or snorting A person who uses an opioid should be checked on for several hours after use to make sure they are not slipping into an overdose Pay close attention to the overdose signs especially: Slowed/shallow/no breathing Heavy nod and unresponsive Bluish lips and nail beds

9 What to Do An Overdose is scary so remember: S Stimulate/Sternal Rub C Call 911 A - Airway R Rescue Breathing E - Evaluate D Don t leave/rescue Position Knowing these steps in advance will leave you feeling less scared!

10 Sternum Rub The sternum is rubbed vigorously with the knuckles of a closed fist to create pain. This technique is often performed for only a few seconds while watching for a reaction from the patient. If there is no response within a few seconds of stimulation, one would assume that the patient is unresponsive and the brain s integrity is compromised. (

11 Head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver Head tilt: One hand is placed over person's forehead and firm, backward pressure is applied with palm to tilt the head back Chin lift: Fingers of other hand are placed under bony portion of the lower jaw near the chin to bring the chin forward and helps tilt the head back; the fingers must not press deeply in the soft tissues under the chin, as this might obstruct the airway. (

12 Rescue Breathing Airway is opened by the headtilt/jaw-lift maneuver Pinch the nose Take 2 deep breaths Seals your lips around person s mouth and gives 2 full breaths 1 to 1.5 seconds/breath Watch for good chest expansion

13 Rescue Position

14 What NOT to do Leave them alone Milk and salt shots Showers and/or baths Inducing vomiting or giving them something to drink Ice or painful stimulation

15 Prevention There are ways that you can lower your risk for an overdose: Get/Continue recovery services If you choose to use, do not use alone Do not mix drugs Don t overestimate your tolerance

16 Support and Resources The Council of Southeast Pennsylvania, Inc Pro-Act Penn Foundation or

17 Epidemic Prescription drug abuse is the nation s fastest-growing drug problem, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has classified prescription drug abuse as an epidemic. US Department of Health and Human Services Committee statement in October 2011

18 The Problem Nationwide Nearly 3 out of 4 prescription drug overdoses are due to prescription pain killers 475,000 emergency department visits per year In 2010 more than 12 million people reported nonmedical use of prescription painkillers 14,800 prescription painkiller deaths in the year 2008

19 National Institute on Drug Abuse Between 1999 and 2010 opioid analgesics prescriptions increased from about 75.5 million to million. Every day more than 2,500 teenagers abuse prescription medicine for the first time

20 December 2011 Update by NIDA

21 Growing Problem NIDA 2011

22 Bucks County 136 deaths in Bucks County in 2009 were drug-related (documented by DAWN) Opioids were the number one cause of drug-related deaths in Bucks County in 2009 (DAWN Area Profiles of Drug-Related Mortality) Heroin was specified in half of the deaths It was documented that more than 50% of the deaths were people under the age of 34

23 Who Is At Risk? Non- Identifiable Everyone Patients taking prescription medications for issues of chronic pain Serious Illness The Elderly

24 Identifiable Risk Recent Release from Incarceration or Rehab Drug Purity Mixing Drugs Using Alone Past Overdose People who test positive for HIV/AIDS

25 International March 2011: Who Model List of Essential Medicines Expert Committee has requested the review of the comparative effectiveness and safety of codeine for possible deletion at next meeting

26 National Office of National Drug Control Policy NIDA AMA s House of Delegates Meeting November 2011 Treatment Act of 2011 Prescription-Monitoring Programs or Legislation

27 Purple Ribbons 2009 Drug Policy Alliance initiated nationwide campaign: Purple Ribbons for Overdose Prevention Raise awareness August 31 st Overdose Awareness Day

28 Good Samaritan Immunity Laws that provide protection from prosecution for calling 911 if seeking medical attention for self or another experiencing an overdose Good Samaritan (S.B. 448) Window of opportunity Fear The US Conference of Mayors 2008

29 Connecticut Florida Massachusetts New York New Mexico Rhode Island Washington States With Good Samaritan Laws

30 Naloxone - Narcan Approved by the FDA and utilized by emergency medical professionals for 40 years Opioid-Overdose Reversal

31 Areas With Naloxone Programs Baltimore California Connecticut Illinois Massachusetts New York New Mexico Pittsburgh Washington Wisconsin

32 Pennsylvania Pittsburgh: 2002 began Overdose Prevention Project ODP Project involves education and training Ways to reduce risk of OD How to identify symptoms of OD What to do (and not do) if someone overdoses Naloxone Distribution Program

33 Where to Focus Some of our ideas on education Medical Doctors and Facilities Families who know someone using Opioids Kids and Teens Prisons Treatment Facilities Senior Citizen Communities People with medical issues including HIV/AIDS

34 Closing Thought Our collective goal is to raise education on the topic, prevent overdoses by educating public and private sectors and to save lives. Where do you see yourself in this process? Thank You! Sincerely,