Viscosity: A Property of fluids Compare the viscosity of various liquids Describe factors that can modify the viscosity of a liquid 208-6
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1 Viscosity: A Property of fluids Compare the viscosity of various liquids Describe factors that can modify the viscosity of a liquid Design an experiment to test the viscosity of various common fluids and identify the major variables Demonstrate a knowledge of WHMIS standards by demonstrating correct methods of disposal of various oils, for example , 112-7, Identify and relate personal activities and potential applications to fluid dynamics
2 What is viscosity? Viscosity is the term for a liquid s thickness or resistance it has when flowing and moving.
3 Explain why fluids have different viscosities? Different substances are composed of different particles and have different forces of attraction. These attractions can be strong or weak.
4 Explain how the thickness of a fluid affects its viscosity. The thicker the fluid is the higher the viscosity. Ketchup is thick and has a high viscosity. Maple syrup is not as thick as ketchup and has a lower viscosity.
5 If motor oil is not viscous enough (thick), it will not protect the engine parts from friction; if it is too viscous, it will not flow to all parts of the engine that need protection
6 Salad dressing must be thin enough to pour out of a bottle, yet thick enough to coat lettuce properly. Gases are less viscous than liquids, so they flow very easily through pipes. Ammonia and carbon dioxide are example of gases moved by pipeline in Canada
7 A drinking straw is a means of moving a liquid from a glass into your mouth, so your mouth acts as a kind of pump valve. What force causes the liquid to move upwards? When you suck on a straw, you vacuum the air out of the inside of the straw and allow the liquid to fill the straw to replace the missing air.
8 The pressure acting on the surface of the liquid helps to push the liquid up into the straw, because once you vacuum out the air, the pressure inside the straw is lower than outside, and the liquid moves up easily.
9 How do you describe Ketchup? Thick, thin Slow, fast Etc.
10 What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative? Qualitative observations are descriptions without measurements or numbers. Such as slow, fast, or quick. Quantitative are descriptions using measurements or numbers. 2 liters, 3 feet or 5 centimeters
11 How can you describe ketchup quantitatively?
12 With a viscometer A viscometer is an instrument used to measure viscosity Viscosity is the term for a liquid s thickness or resistance it has when flowing and moving.
13 Changing Viscosity An increase in temperature represents an increase in average kinetic energy, and in fluids a decrease in viscosity. ( Meaning the fluid is not thick but thin with hot temperatures) What happens is the particles in the fluid move faster as the temperature increases. This weakens the force of attraction between the particles The number of particles in the fluid remains constant regardless of the temperature change. The force of attraction is what changes.
14 The heat creates more space between particles allowing the fluid to flow more freely Low temperature High temperature
15 Understanding Concepts
16 Molasses has a high viscosity. Explain what this statement means In high viscosity fluids, such as molasses, the resistance to flow is increased. Thus, it is harder to get molasses to start flowing, and more force would be requires to keep molasses moving from one place to another.
17 How does the thickness of a fluid compare to its viscosity? Give an example. Generally, it can be said that a thicker fluid will have a higher viscosity. The thickness of a fluid and its viscosity more often correlate than the density of a fluid and it viscosity For example, molasses and oil are thicker and have an increased viscosity than a thinner liquid like water. However, the density of some oils, such as vegetable oil, is less than a thinner liquid such as water, even though the viscosity of the oil is greater
18 Exploring Research how soap affects the viscosity of water. Soap actually reduces the viscosity of water. This allows the water and the soap to better penetrate the fibres of the material and clean the fabric.
19 Inquiry Investigation Liquids Can Be Thick or Thin
20 You are going to get into groups of 2 and design an experiment to test the viscosity of at least 5 liquids. You should write down exactly what you did each step of the way. Make sure to wear safety goggles while competing your experiment. Then, you will use a water bath and test what happens to the viscosity of liquids when they are heated. Good luck!
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