L i l l e h a m m e r O l y m p i c B o b s l e i g h a n d L u g e T r a c k, H u n d e r f o s s e n

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1 L i l l e h a m m e r O l y m p i c B o b s l e i g h a n d L u g e T r a c k, H u n d e r f o s s e n The combined bobsleigh and luge track is situated in the forest at Hunderfossen 15 kilometres northwest of Lillehammer. The track is the only artificially frozen track in Scandinavia, and one of the world s most modern. Norwegian consultants and contractors, assisted by specialists with experience from Olympic facilities in La Plagne, Calgary and tracks in the former East Germany, conducted the extensive planning and construction work. In December 1989, LOOC decided on the location for the track, and on 24 August 1990 the arena placement and a public grant were approved and adopted by the Government. The track, which has been designated as a national facility for the Bobsleigh and Luge sports, was completed 1 October The price was NOK 201 million. The facility is owned by Lillehammer Development through the subsidiary Hunderfossen Bobsleigh and Luge Track AS. The architects for the building were Lillehammer Architect Team. T e c h n i ca l d a t a The ammonia-based refrigeration system provides maximum operational security in that the cooling pipes are enclosed in an underground, concrete culvert. This is the first track in the world with this design. Sensors warn immediately in case of leaks, and a well-drilled emergency programme has been developed. Pressure tests and extensive x-ray control on pipes and pipe parts have shown that the risk of leaks is minimal. The track shell itself is separate and built of reinforced concrete, consisting of in all 31 separate sections along the 1710 metres of track. In all, 16 curves give the track a competition length of 1365 metres for Luge single men and 1065 metres for Luge single women and double men. The starting point is 384 metres above sea level, and the lowest point is metres above sea level. The height difference is 112 metres, and the average fall is 8% (max. 15%). 24 photocells have been installed for time-keeping during training and competitions. Athletes can reach a top velocity of 130 km/h (up to 4 G). A 300-metre-long stretch after the finish line allows competitors

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5 to safely slow down and stop. The competition disciplines include Twoman bobsleigh, Four-man bobsleigh, Luge men and women and Luge double men. An ultra-modern refrigeration facility with an effect of 3100 Kw and 90 tonnes ammonia circulating in 80 kilometres of pipes (divided into 94 sections) allows us to keep the track iced even with outdoor temperatures up to +20 o C. In all, 85 sensors monitor ice temperature, and the most exposed parts of the track are protected against direct sunlight. E n v i r o n m e n t a l c o n s i d e r a t i o n s For environmental, safety and economic reasons, we chose a combined track with separate starting points for Bobsleigh and Luge. The track is adapted to the main contours in the terrain, and by demanding that the surrounding vegetation be spared, the form of the track harmonises rather than dominates the landscape. By consciously using wooden materials, natural stone and turf and adapting all structures and buildings in colour and shape, the track is a functional sculpture in a large recreational area. Roads on both sides of the track and several underpasses ensure access for service and maintenance staff, and offer up to spectators a first-rate view of events. Temporary facilities built for the Olympic Games were given an architectonic shape consistent with the arena s overall visual profile. Close cooperation with media representatives during the planning and construction phase ensured excellent facilities for the press. The track was designed with both speed and safety in mind. Modern sound and lighting increase the facility s appeal. An ordinary operational season of four months (November to March) with a possible extension to five months as well as its status as a national facility for two sports makes the Lillehammer Olympic Bobsleigh and Luge Track a natural focal point for athletes in and outside of Scandinavia. During the summer of 1993, a specially designed wheelbob was popular among tourists. The track is also ideal for Bobsleigh and Luge schools.

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