Future Technologies in Recycling Tulevaisuuden Teknologiat Kierrätyksessä
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1 Future Technologies in Recycling Tulevaisuuden Teknologiat Kierrätyksessä Jyri Talja VP Technology, Kuusakoski Oy Jätehuoltopäivät, Tampere
2 AGENDA 1 Recycling as a Business Today 2 Common Recycling Technologies Today 3 Future Perspective
3 1 Recycling as a Business Today Metal Prices Declining trend during last 5 years Nickel HMS 1& % -48 % % -27% -5% -20% +7% -35% 0 +46% 1% -15% 0% -19% -36% (Ferrous) Nickel HMS Copper Alu Nickel HMS Copper Alu Copper Aluminium % % % -21% +6% -9% -16% -14% 0 +10% -18% +5% -15% +3% -12% (1) Data source: Metal Bulleting on ;
4 1 Recycling as a Business Today Recycling Business Models Conventional Material / Money Flow Raw Material Processing Products Waste
5 1 Recycling as a Business Today Recycling Business Models Service Based Material / Money Flow Waste Material Processing Products Treated Waste
6 1 Recycling as a Business Today Customer Oriented Approach Primary Smelter Secondary Smelter Steel Stainless steel Copper PGM (w Copper) Steel Copper / brass Aluminum 6
7 1 Recycling as a Business Today Business Principle for Collection & Operations Local Collection Regional Processing Products to Global Markets
8 1 Recycling as a Business Today Car Shredder Plants in Finland Kuusakoski Vantaa Heinola Airaksela Lapua Stena Recycling Pori / Tahkoluoto Eurajoen Romu Eurajoki Kajaanin Romu Kajaani
9 1 Recycling as a Business Today Shredder Plant Case regulation Shredder Light Fraction Fuel for Energy (FIN?) Magnet Non-Ferrous Metals For subsequent metal sorting Shredded Ferrous Final Product => Raw material for steel plants Pictures M.A. Reuter EMEC Recycling
10 AGENDA 1 Recycling as a Business Today 2 Common Recycling Technologies Today 3 Future Perspective
11 2 Common Recycling Technologies Today Local Collection Material In Receiving Visual Inspecion Detection Weighing Data to ERP Processing Simple Sorting by metals Material Out Sales to customers (ext) Sales to processing units (int) Data to ERP
12 2 Common Recycling Technologies Today Key Unit-Processes in Recycling Pre-sorting to prepare material-specific batches for crushing Crushing to decrease the size for better handling Screening to fraction materials for better recovery Sorting to produce element- or alloy-based products Up-grading to increase commercial value of the product
13 2 Common Recycling Technologies Today Crushing Objective to break down the material into optimum size and quality for subsequent separation / sorting processes
14 2 Common Recycling Technologies Today Screening Objective to fractionate materials for better recovery in sorting Rotary Screens Vibratory & Flip-Flop Screens Star Screens & Coarse Mid Fine
15 2 Common Recycling Technologies Today Sorting Objective - to sort out sellable products at maximum value and minimum waste Light & Heavy Materials & Metals SINK & FLOAT Fe, steel MAGNETS Al, Cu, Brass EDDY CURRENTS Principle to detect and displace Metal / Non-metal Metals of Specific Color/Shape Individual Elements FINDERS COMBI XRF / XRT
16 AGENDA 1 Recycling as a Business Today 2 Common Recycling Technologies Today 3 Future Perspective
17 3 Future Perspective Operational Environment / Regulation Regulation - Global - EU - National - Local Waste classification more important More complex materials have to treated
18 3 Future Perspective Operational Environment - Metals - Developed markets - Volatile metal prices - New materials? - Sorting technologies - Regulation Available Materials Collection Pre-sorting Processing Sorting Products R e g u l a t i o n
19 3 Future Perspective - Markets? Operational Environment - WEEE XRF, XRT, Laser, MIR - Metal scarcity? - New materials? - Metal prices? - Sorting technologies? - Regulation? - New technologies? - Tracability Available Products Collection Pre-sorting Processing Sorting Products R e g u l a t i o n Co, As, Sb, Te REE Li, Ga, Ge, In
20 3 Future Perspective - Markets? Operational Environment WEEE / Plastics XRF, XRT, Laser, MIR - Metal scarcity? - New materials? - Prices? - Sorting technologies? - Regulation? - New technologies? - Tracability Available Products Collection Pre-sorting Processing Sorting Products Technical Plastics - Properties - Cleaness vs image - Thermochemical conversion R e g u l a t i o n - Sorting technologies / MIR - Also black plastics sorting
21 3 Future Perspective Operational Environment / Processing with Data Collection and IOT Cleen products Qlty Process control & automation On-line optimization Recycling to 21st century
22 3 Future Perspective Challenges RFID => Heterogeneity => Material balance RFID & IOT & sensors => data => Process automation ARVI project => HSC => Recycling process modelling IOT E U R Regulation
23
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