JASE-world. Presentation of Japanese technology of waste to energy

Transcription

1 Presentation of Japanese technology of waste to energy JASE-world Waste to Energy WG November Presentation of Japanese technology of waste to energy Advanced Incineration Technology of Japan 2

2 Advantages and Disadvantages of WtE Advantages Improvement of environment and sanitary condition around landfill site Volume Reduction (Over 90%) Mass treatment possibility Good d adaptability for treatment of various wastes With respect to Waste to Energy Disadvantages Negative image (hazardous pollutants emission, e.g. dioxin) It s no problem by adopting the appropriate exhaust gas treatment t t system. Higher Initial Cost than Landfill Provide the stable energy among the various renewable energy resources and contribute nation s energy security Carbon emission credit(especially in changing from landfill) 3 3 Waste to Energy Plant Waste receiving charging system Incinerator & Boiler system Waste heat utilization system Flue gas cleaning system Ash treatment system 4 4

3 Change in calorific value of municipal solid waste Lower calorific va alue (kj/kg g) Large difference Incinerator introduced from Europe Technology development High water content waste incineration technology Pollution control technology Gasification ash melting furnace and melting furnace developed Dioxin control technology Efficient heat recovery and power generation technology YEAR 1924:The first incineration plant in Japan 1960:The first machinery incineration plant completed(japanese technology) 1965:The first waste to energy plant completed(european technology) 1996~2004:Ash melting mandated by the government 出 典 : 狩 郷 修 ごみ 焼 却 炉 選 定 の 技 術 的 評 価 ごみ 処 理 施 設 整 備 の 計 画 設 計 要 領 日 Japan 本 1 欧 Europe 州 5 5 Technical Features of Incinerator For Complete Burn Out of Low calorific Refuse Enough large grate area Good radiant effect for refuse drying Mixing and loosening of refuse by vertical step Appropriate supply of combustion air Capacity: 4-900t/day/unit 6 Wa aste constituen nt(%) Radiant Heat Mixing and Loosening Appropriate Hot Air Supply moisture Burning Combustible ash 6

4 Flue Gas Cleaning System Compressed Air Spray Nozzle Bag Filter Flue Gas Flue Gas Cooler Silo Silo Induced Draft Fan Stack Activated Carbon Slaked Lime Cooling Water Tank Cooling Water pump Quantitative Feeder Injection Blower 7 7 Dioxin Emissions from Waste Incinerators in Japan 1997:Guidelines for Prevention of dioxin and related to waste disposal ,432(100%) Dio 総 oxin 排 出 Emiss 量 [g-teq/ sions (g/y year) 年 ] ,582(48.2%) 2,728(36.7%) 2,187(29.4%) 1,745(23.5%) 97% Reduction Small 小 型 Incinerator 焼 却 炉 Industrial 産 廃 焼 却 Waste 施 設 Incinerator Municipal 一 廃 焼 却 Waste 施 設 Incinerator ( ) 内 の 数 値 は,1997 年 度 の 総 排 出 量 を100%としたときの 割 合 (10.2%) 232(3.1%) 226(3.0%) 206(2.8%) 135(1.8%) 年 Year 度 225(3.0%) 191(2.6%) Ministry of Environment web site 8

5 Acquirable energy (electricity) Relationship between Capacity of facility and Electricity generated 施 設 規 模 ごとの (Calorific 発 電 value 量 (Hu=8,800kJ/kg of waste ; = 8,800KJ/kg) 時 の 試 算 例 ) Over 10,000 kw y (kw) 発 電 量 Electricity (kw) 施 設 規 模 (t/ Capacity 日 of ) facility (t/day) Number of Pop. 500 thousands 9 9 Presentation of Japanese technology of waste to energy Overseas Expansion 10 10

6 History of WtE Business AE&E Inova (=Von Roll) E.H. Hunter of UK founded Osaka Iron Works (=Hitz) in Japan (Osaka) 1 st EfW plant in KOREA (Seoul) MSW Incineration System Technology License Introduction from VonRoll 8,000Hrs Continuous Operation Our 1 st EfW plant in TAIWAN (Taipei ) 450t/d x 4, 48MW Hitachi Zosen Inova AG (Zurich, Switzerland) Hitachi Zosen India Pvt Ltd was established Our 1 st Waste treatment plant by Von Roll (Dordrecht, Netherlands) 1 st EfW plant (with STG) in Japan (Osaka city) 200t/d x 2, 5.4MW Our 1 st EfW plant in CHINA (Chengdu) 400t/d x 3, 24MWd Latest EfW plant in UK (London) 763t/d x 3, 65MWd 11 Present and Developing Market <Present market> EU (UK, Poland) Japan (Rebuilt) China (Tariff free over 601t/day) <Developing market> Turkey Middle East Middle and South America South East Asia (Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam) South Asia 12 (India, Sri Lanka)

7 Bottleneck and Solution <Bottleneck> Financial ability of local government is lacked PPP, BOT(Build Operate Transfer) Project Waste management law and environmental regulation have not been established Low price and Low environmental quality WtE plant <Income of BOT project> Tipping Fee from local government Electric power selling <Solutions> Cost reduction of WtE plant = Tariff reduction, Raise in local procurement ratio 13 Feed in Tariff Expected project scheme BOT:Build Operate Transfer Local Government Bank Waste treatment service Loan T/F (provision of waste) Private enterprise or SPC (operating work, procurement of utilities, etc.) Power sale Power Company Electric bill Funding EPC O&M Local & Japanese enterprise Japanese enterprise 14 14

8 Feed in Tariff Scheme for power from MSW Purchase Price (USD/kWh) Period Comments Japan years Depending on the ratio of biomass Germany years Price for new facility decrease by 2% every year. Netherland 0.14 (Before 15 years) Over 500kW 0.09 (After 15 years) Austria years If fuel is waste, price decrease by 25-40% depends on biomass. China Including incentive Indonesia ,450 IDR/kWh Malaysia MYR/kWh 出 典 : ジェトロユーロトレンド 新 局 面 を 迎 える 欧 州 の 再 生 可 能 エネルギー(RE)( ) 他 Feasibility Study We research a municipality to be able to do a feasibility study together, with Japanese feasibility study scheme. Research of Technical Feasibility Survey of waste characteristics, LCV and amount of waste Waste stream Proposal of suitable waste treatment system Estimation of electricity output t Evaluation of Environmental and Social Impacts GHG Emission Reduction Effect Research of legal system and procedure related to Environmental Assessment Financial and Economic Feasibility Site Location Terms of Contract 16 PPP, Etc. 16