Design Recommendations for TV User Interfaces for Older Adults: Findings from the ecaalyx Project

Transcription

1 Design Recommendations for TV User Interfaces for Older Adults: Findings from the ecaalyx Project Francisco Nunes Paula Alexandra Silva Maureen Kerwin Fraunhofer Portugal

2 Outline Context Problem Methodology Literature Review Design Recommendations for TV User Interfaces for Older Adults Discussion Conclusions 2

3 Context Project ecaalyx European AAL JP enhanced Complete Ambient Assisted Living Experiment Improve the quality of life of people with chronic conditions Diabetes, COPD, heart failure, By providing better: health monitoring information about the disease communication with health professionals 3

4 Context Project ecaalyx: Our role Design the Health Channel TV user interface older adults will use to manage their health 4

5 Context Project ecaalyx: Our role Health Channel enables users to 5

6 Context Project ecaalyx: Our role Health Channel enables users to Videoconference with caretakers and emergency systems 6

7 Context Project ecaalyx: Our role Health Channel enables users to Videoconference with caretakers and emergency systems Check their current condition of weight, glucose, blood pressure, 7

8 Context Project ecaalyx: Our role Health Channel enables users to Videoconference with caretakers and emergency systems Check their current condition of weight, glucose, blood pressure, Receive medication and measurement reminders 8

9 Context Project ecaalyx: Our role Health Channel enables users to Videoconference with caretakers and emergency systems Check their current condition of weight, glucose, blood pressure, Receive medication and measurement reminders Watch health videos 9

10 Context Project ecaalyx: Our role Health Channel enables users to Videoconference with caretakers and emergency systems Check their current condition of weight, glucose, blood pressure, Receive medication and measurement reminders Watch health videos Browse their agenda 10

11 Problem Older adults have specific characteristics 11

12 Problem Older adults have specific characteristics Experience age-related changes Vision Hearing Attention and Memory 12

13 Problem Older adults have specific characteristics Experience age-related changes Possess different experience with technology 13

14 Problem Older adults have specific characteristics Experience age-related changes Possess different experience with technology Have different goals and needs 14

15 Problem Older adults have specific characteristics Unable to find guidelines for this context TV applications for older adults 15

16 Problem Older adults have specific characteristics Unable to find guidelines for this context TV applications for older adults What should be taken into account when designing for this context? 16

17 Methodology Advice on creating new technology "When designing a product using a new technology, you have to consider and transfer HCI principles and guidelines, but you must also create prototypes and conduct usability tests to come up with the guidelines that are appropriate in your new context. [1] 17

18 Methodology Low fidelity prototyping Literature review Functional prototype usability tests Usability tests 18

19 Methodology Literature review Characteristics of older adults and age-related changes Design guidelines for older adults Iterative Low fidelity prototypes and usability tests TV paper prototype, soap remote 8 usability test sessions 5+ participants per test Duration: 20 minutes 16 participants (avg. age 79.4, [54-92]) 19

20 Methodology Functional prototype usability tests 10 participants Avg. age 69.5 [61-78] Duration: 45 minutes 7 main tasks to assess the usability of the different functionalities Agenda, watch health videos, medication reminder, 20

21 Literature Review Web Accessibility Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) from 1997 Guidelines applicable beyond the Web context [2] Solutions to empower people with disabilities may be useful for older users too [3]. Web Design for Older Adults WAI-AGE lists Web accessibility studies involving older adults [4] Kurniawan and Zaphiris gathered 38 guidelines upon analysing 100+ studies [5] Redish and Chisnell presented a set of heuristics related with navigation, information architecture, and visual design as a result from a literature review [6] Large number of resources available 21

22 Literature Review itv Design TV Is different from Web design: display characteristics, input devices, etc [7] Chorianopoulos discussed the different attitudes: lean-forward vs lean-back [8] Lu proposed a set of principles based on existing conventions [7] Bernhaupt provided recommendations such as keeping text entry at a minimum by using automatic completion whenever possible [9] itv Design for Older Adults Gill and Perera provide tips to ensure accessibility of itv [10] Carmichael provides a thorough guide to the design of itv services [11] Outlines age-related changes and then presents 22 general guidelines. 22

23 Literature Review TV-Based Application for Older Adults Related work is highly relevant, but not fully applicable to this context itv is concerned with enhancing the experience of watching a specific TV show Previous work exists from Carmichael et al. for persons with dementia [12] but does not report on evaluation Therefore, it was necessary to identify the most significant guidelines for TV-based applications designed for older adults 23

24 Design Recommendations for TV- based Applications for Older Adults Comprehensive system qualities Related to the overall behavior of the system Visual presentation Regarding how information is conveyed to the user Text characteristics Addressing the requirements for the presentation of text 24

25 Comprehensive System Qualities Minimize number of steps to reach a given screen Information hierarchy restricted to three levels Use consistency to facilitate recognition Consistency in visual components and behaviours, Particular relevant to persons with memory limitations and lack of prior knowledge Make error recovery as painless as possible Explain errors in simple language Without negative connotations Explain how to proceed to resolve the situation 25

26 Visual Presentation Reduce the information presented so users can focus on a single concept at a time Use animations sparingly and purposefully (e.g. fading arrows) Use scrolling with caution Scrolling needs to be very clear Clearly indicate the current location Titles indicate actions Show the current selection clearly 26

27 Visual Presentation Use meaningful icons and labels More important for users who have trouble reading Concentrate information at the center of the screen Initial tests indicated older users missed information near the edges Participants only recalled the center of the screen (4 drew the title, and only 1 drew an element in the edge) Use a high contrast color scheme 27

28 Text Characteristics Use large, sans serif, left-aligned text Sans serif fonts are easier to read on the screen Text should be as large as is reasonable Tests with 20 users showed at least 40pt is required Use simple language Give users time to read Older adults read more slowly (memory, modest academic education) Popups that disappear after a certain number of seconds should be replaced with OK selection 28

29 Discussion Solid recommendations based on Thorough literature review Two phases of user evaluation (one of them iterative) Further validation is required, may not apply to all seniors Hard to access this particular audience, so the number of users to be significant This work contributes a step forward in the context of designing UIs for TV applications for older adults Participants were able to conclude tasks successfully This contributes to the validation of design recommendations Remote might have negatively interfered with the results of the evaluation 29

30 Conclusions and Future Work Conclusions 13 recommendations to guide the design of TV applications for older adults Build upon the review of relevant literature, the conduction of user research and evaluation during the ecaalyx project References to related guidelines Examples of how each concept materialized in the Health Channel Future work Expand this work to include guidelines that cover other input modalities such as audio or gesture 30

31 References (I/II) [1] Dumas, J.S. and Redish, J.C. A Practical Guide to Usability Testing. Intellect Books, Exeter UK, [2] W3C. Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0. Available at [3] Greengard, S. Facing an age-old problem. Communications of the ACM, 52, 9 (September 2009), ACM Press, [4] W3C. Web Accessiblity for Older Users: A Literature Review. Available at [5] Kurniawan, S. and Zaphiris, P. Research-derived Web design guidelines for older adults, in Assets 05 Proceedings of the 7th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Baltimore MD, October 2005), ACM Press, [6] Redish, J. and Chisnell, D. Designing Web sites for older adults: a review of recent research. AARP.org (December 2004). Available at [7] Lu, K.Y. Interaction design principles for interactive television. Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA,

32 References (II/II) [8] Chorianopoulos, K. User interface design principles for interactive television applications. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 24, 6 (2008), [9] Bernhaupt, et al., M. Usability and usage of itv services: lessons learned in an Austrian field trial. ACM Computers in Entertainment 5, 2 (April/June 2007), ACM Press. [10] Gill, J. and Perera, S. Accessible universal design of interactive digital television, in Proceedings of Interactive Television Conference (Brighton UK, March 2003), ACM Press, [11] Carmichael, A. Style Guide for the Design of Interactive Television Services for Elderly Viewers. Independent Television Commission, London UK, [12] Carmichael, A, et al. itv as a platform for rich multimedia reminders for people with dementia, in Proceedings of EUROITV 08, Salzburg, Austria,

33 The complete results will be presented at ACM ASSETS

34 Thanks! 34