Surf Life Saving NSW. Active First Aid Workbook. 6 th Edition V.1. Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition Page 1 of 18

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1 Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition V.1 Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition Page 1 of 18

2 Instructions for Use This workbook is designed to be used in conjunction with the Active First Aid manual. Questions for the written assessment of this course are drawn from subject matter provided in the text of this workbook. After reading the relevant sections of the text, candidates are required to answer each question corresponding to the section of this workbook. o Write clearly and legibly o Tick the appropriate TRUE or FALSE answer o Tick the appropriate YES or NO answer o If required to explain an answer, use your own words o If an error is made, cross it out and write the correct answer above the error This activity is to be completed prior to your attendance at the practical course component. All questions must be attempted. If you have any problems please bring these to the attention of the instructor during the practical component so that a full explanation can be given. This workbook is a mandatory requirement of this first aid course. Only applicants who successfully complete the self-assessments in this workbook will be able to attend the face-to-face session. Please check with your course trainer for any other specific requirements. Record of Assessment - Please complete your personal details. The course assessor will complete the rest of the form which will then be retained by Surf Life Saving NSW as a record of your assessment. Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition Page 2 of 18

3 Record of Assessment - (To be retained by the assessor) This page is kept as a record that participants have completed the required theoretical component of the First Aid course. Please remove and retain this page for 7 years. Personal Details Candidate name: Address: Suburb / City: Contact number: Contact To be completed by the assessor Practical Course date: / / Satisfactorily Completed: Y N (90% min) Assessors name: Assessors signature: Notes: Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition Page 3 of 18

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5 All Active First Aid material Parasol EMT P/L Introduction to First Aid Questions 1. State when first aid should be provided to a casualty. 2. Is it possible for a first aid provider to cause further injury to a casualty? Explain your answer. 3. To render effective first aid, a rescuer should try to and think 4. In Australia, dialling 000 obtains emergency assistance, however digital mobile phones (GSM) work with which other emergency number? 5. A casualty has a bracelet on their wrist which has the words Medic-alert on one side. State what information you would expect to find on the reverse side of the bracelet? 6. In your own words define First Aid. 7. List the four main legal considerations relating to first aid You should make notes or fill out a casualty report on any event attended, no matter how minor 9. When preparing a report you should always use a black or blue ink pen, not a pencil. 10. The heart, blood and blood vessels are known as the system. This system involves blood which is pumped around the body by the heart through large vessels called and 11. The respiratory system is composed of the and the 12. The and the are the two main parts of the Central Nervous System. The peripheral system is comprised of the and the 13. Most muscles need bones to contract against causing movement, however some muscles such as the which helps drive the lungs, is not connected to bones. Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition Page 5 of 18

6 14. The lymphatic system consists of lymphatic fluid which strains toxins through located in the armpits, groin and neck. 15. List one example for each of the following infections: Bacterial: Viral: Parasitic: 16. State what infection control precautions you would take prior to treating a casualty. 17. List three precautions against body fluids you would take during treatment of a casualty What is the recommended method for disposal of blood-soaked bandages? 19. You have just completed treating a casualty. You wore the correct gloves during the procedure. Is it now necessary to wash your hands? o Yes o No 20. State the main aim of the Chain of Survival. 21. In the case of cardiac arrest, CPR: a) Can buy time b) Will always restart the Heart c) Is ineffective Essential First Aid Questions 1. When assessing safety at the scene of this road accident, list four potential hazards you would look for: When checking for RESPONSE, list three types of response you may get: If required to check a pulse of a casualty, state two elements you would assess: List the three actions you would use to check if an unconscious casualty is breathing Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition Page 6 of 18

7 5. List the actions you would take if you found that a casualty was unconscious and not breathing: 6. To obtain a response from an unconscious casualty, you use the talk and touch method? o True o False 7. You find an unconscious casualty who is breathing. Describe the procedure for placing the casualty in the recovery position. 8. List two alternative names for the recovery position State the purpose of placing someone in the recovery position: 10. A woman has fallen about two metres from a ladder onto the ground. She is unconscious and appears to have no injuries. After your initial assessment, she awakens and wants to go home. State your advice to the casualty. 11. What are the four vital observations that should be written down against the time and name of the casualty? A casualty complains of a headache. Is this a sign or a symptom? o Sign o Symptom 13. State the purpose of a primary examination: 14. State the purpose of a secondary examination: 15. List the steps in performing a secondary examination. 16. What does the acronym CPR stand for? Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition Page 7 of 18

8 17. The correct method for opening an airway is to use tilt and jaw 18. Should you always remove dentures before performing rescue breaths: True / False 19. State the precautions you would take with infants and small children when opening an airway. 20. List three methods of delivering rescue breaths: When delivering rescue breaths, state how many initial breaths you would deliver? 22. State your actions if during CPR, the chest does not rise effectively. 23. List three indications for CPR: When compressing an infants chest, the depth of the compression is approximately / the depth of the chest. 25. When compressing an adult s chest, the depth of the compression is approximately / the depth of the chest. 26. While performing CPR on an elderly man, you notice that there is evidence of vomitus in his mouth. State your management of this casualty. 27. List the rate of compression per minute for an: Adult: Child: Infant: 28. When performing compressions, list the appropriate hand or finger configuration for: Adult: Child: Infant: Trauma First Aid Questions 1. Your casualty has had his finger amputated. After treating the casualty, state how you would manage the care of the amputated part: 2. Direct pressure is one way of controlling bleeding? o True o False Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition Page 8 of 18

9 3. A young boy has cut himself with a sharp fishing knife, dark blood is flowing from the wound. State what vessel has most likely been damaged: 4. You have applied a pad and bandage to a wound, but the blood has now soaked through. State your next action: 5. An elderly man complains of abdominal pain and vomits a dark granulated substance on his shirt. State what posture you would place the casualty in: 6. During a motor vehicle accident a woman has been thrown out of a car. She is conscious, has several large lacerations and has a large amount of external blood loss. On examination she has a weak pulse and is pale, cool and sweaty. State your management of this casualty. 7. If a penetrating object is still in place and there appears to be no bleeding, you should gently pull the object out to restore the blood supply. Yes No 8. A laboratory worker has suffered a caustic substance burns to the arm. Material appears to be stuck to the burnt area. The casualty is wearing a watch. a) How many minutes would you cool the burns for? minutes b) Is it necessary to remove the watch? Yes No c) Would you remove the material stuck to the burn? Yes No 9. Superficial burns destroy skin and underlying tissues and structures. 10. Scalds are not as serious as burns. 11. List two signs or symptoms you would associate with burns to the airway: You find a man lying on the garage floor. He is motionless and has an electric drill in his hand. State your management of this casualty. 13. As a casualty is attempting to repair their car, the battery explodes and the battery acid splashes into one eye. State your management of this casualty. Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition Page 9 of 18

10 14. State your management of Welders Flash. 15. It is important not to remove any protruding object from the eye. 16. If a permanent tooth is knocked out, hold the tooth by the: 17. Use a clean damp cloth to remove an object off the surface of the eyeball. 18. A female casualty has had a small insect land in her ear. She has been unable to remove the insect and is extremely distressed. State your management of this casualty. 19. State your management for a ruptured eardrum: 20. All head injuries must seek medical advice. 21. You are called to help a colleague that has fallen down five steps. A witness indicated that the casualty was unresponsive for several minutes. The casualty is now responsive and keeps asking you what happened and has swelling on the back of their head. State your management of this casualty. 22. List four signs or symptoms of a head injury Concussion is a minor injury only and does not require any medical assistance. 24. Facial injuries may cause complication with the casualty s airway. 25. A car runs into a concrete barrier. You find in your secondary examination that the driver has numbness and a loss of feeling to both legs. State your management of this casualty. 26. List the four signs or symptoms of a spinal injury Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition Page 10 of 18

11 27. Do you remove a motorcycle rider s helmet if the airway is obstructed? 28. Inability of the casualty to move their fingers or toes may indicate a spinal injury. 29. A fractured rib can be stabilised by strapping the chest with a bandage very tightly. 30. A piece of metal has impaled into a casualty s chest and prior to your arrival the piece of metal has been removed. You can hear air passing in and out of the casualty s chest with each breath that he takes. State your management of this casualty. 31. Posture casualties with abdominal injuries on their back with legs bent at the knees. Yes No 32. You find a casualty lying on their back and you see a large laceration to the abdomen with several loops of abdominal organs visible. State your management of this casualty. 33. List three items that can be used to cover protruding intestines A three-sided dressing is used for chest wounds that have air passing in and out. 35. A casualty falls two metres from a ladder. The casualty complains about pain in the right leg. On examination you find deformity, pain, tenderness and a large amount of swelling to the middle of the lower leg. State your management of this casualty. 36. State the main aim in the treatment of a fracture: 37. List two items that could be used as an improvised splint After applying a splint, sling or bandage to a casualty, it is important to ensure circulation is still present. Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition Page 11 of 18

12 39. Describe when you would use the following slings: Arm sling: Collar & Cuff sling: Elevated sling: 40. In a pelvic injury the conscious casualty should be kept flat. 41. During a cricket game the ball hits a player on the thigh. The skin is unbroken and the area is extremely tender and there is some swelling. The casualty has full movement and no loss of power. State your management of the casualty. 42. Complete the following acronym. R. I. C. E. 43. State the precaution that should be observed when using an ice pack on an injury: 44. Dislocations should never be put back in position or reduced by the first aider. 45. After applying a bandage to a casualty s hand and wrist, you should ensure that at least one fingernail is exposed to check circulation. 46. List two household items which may be used as an emergency ice pack After applying a roller bandage to a lower leg, you test the effectiveness of the bandage. How would you gauge that the bandage was effective? Medical First Aid Questions 1. Self-administered adrenaline using an EpiPen is the main treatment for someone having a severe anaphylactic episode: o True o False Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition Page 12 of 18

13 2. Can the first aider assist the casualty with the administration of adrenaline using an EpiPen. o Yes o No 3. An 18-year-old female co-worker complains about breathing difficulties that she has had for about 10 minutes and keeps saying that it is becoming more difficult to take a breath. On examination the casualty is pale with rapid shallow breathing and you hear a pronounced wheeze. State your management of this casualty. 4. List three trigger factors of an asthma attack: Three signs or symptoms of a severe asthma attack: Describe what a Reliever is used for in asthma: 7. List three signs or symptoms of hyperventilation Rapid breathing always indicates hyperventilation. 9. Hyperventilation is treated using a brown paper bag. 10. A fainting casualty normally makes a full recovery once laid flat. 11. List the three signs of fainting During a first aid video showing a bloodied victim, a student falls from his chair. He is breathing normally and has good signs of circulation. On examination you find no injuries. State your management of this casualty. 13. You should splash water on a person who has fainted. Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition Page 13 of 18

14 14. State what you should be aware of when an elderly casualty collapses: 15. List three causes of fainting A brain attack (stroke) is a minor medical illness only. 17. You find a casualty slumped on the floor confused with paralysis to the left side of the body. A co-worker tells you that the casualty has been complaining of a headache for several hours. State your management of this casualty. 18. State the best position to place a conscious brain attack casualty: 19. List two causes of a brain attack A friend s 2-year-old child has developed breathing difficulties. The child has had a cold for several days and now has a barking cough. State your management of this casualty. 21. If the same child in question 20 was still and quiet, had a high temperature and was still drooling, state how you would manage this casualty. 22. Epiglottis has a rapid onset. 23. Epiglottis casualties are better being nursed by a parent. 24. A 75-year-old casualty has been found in her home drowsy and confused. Her skin is cold and sweaty, and you are told that she is a diabetic. State your management of this casualty. 25. Barley sugar or jelly beans can be placed in an unconscious diabetic s mouth to treat low blood sugar. Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition Page 14 of 18

15 26. List four signs or symptoms of low blood sugar You see several people watching a person on the ground. When you approach you note that the person is unconscious and has muscular jerks. State your management of this casualty. 28. The main aim of treating convulsions should be to protect the person from injury. 29. A child has been ill for several days with a high temperature. The child is now unconscious and has minor muscle jerking. State your management of this casualty. 30. Aggressive cooling is required for febrile convulsions. 31. A 55-year-old male co-worker complains about chest pain that he has had for about an hour. He says that the pain feels like an elephant is standing on his chest and he feels sick. On examination he is pale and sweaty with an irregular pulse. State your management of this casualty. 32. Angina is not a serious condition. 33. Pain always goes away with medication. 34. Chest pain can be described by the casualty in several ways, such as heavy pain. List two other ways the pain can be described by the casualty You are eating at a restaurant when a man suddenly stands up and holds his hands to his neck. He is starting to turn blue and is unable to talk. State your management of this casualty. Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition Page 15 of 18

16 36. If a choking casualty were able to cough, would you still give them firm slaps between the shoulder blades to help remove the object. Yes No 37. A co-worker was in a storage shed moving drums around. The vehicle is parked in the shed and is still running. All the doors and windows are shut and you have found the worker unconscious inside the shed. State your management of this casualty. 38. In the case of a poisoning casualty you should always keep a sample of vomitus from the casualty. 39. List three ways poisoning can occur List three signs of symptoms of poisoning If possible you should always seek advice from the Poisons Information Centre. 42. You are watching the Sydney-to-Surf race when you see a runner who is staggering across the road. You go to help and note that she is hot and sweaty and is also confused. The casualty wishes to continue the race. State your management of this casualty. 43. Heat stroke is a life-threatening condition. 44. When re-warming a casualty vigorously rub the affected area. 45. It is a cold winter day in the snow fields. You find a person sitting on the snow complaining of numb fingers and cold feet. State your management of this casualty. 46. You find a teenager submerged in one metre of water in a backyard swimming pool. The casualty was last seen 10 minutes ago. State your management of this casualty. Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition Page 16 of 18

17 47. After a near drowning experience it is not essential that the casualty seek medical advice. 48. Drowning casualties often have hypothermia. 49. You are called to help a person in a park who says that some kind of snake bit her on the leg. You see two puncture marks on her leg. State your management of this casualty. 50. List three bites or stings that require the application of a cold pack or compress State what you should avoid doing during the treatment of a tick bite. 52. Unlike a bee, a European Wasp can sting multiple times. 53. Vinegar is the treatment for a Bluebottle sting. 54. State the treatment for reducing pain in a Fire Ant bite: 55. You are called to help a swimmer who has been stung by a Box Jellyfish. The sting area is very large and the casualty is having trouble breathing. State your management of this casualty: 56. State the treatment for reducing pain following a stonefish sting: 57. List four signs or symptoms for a Blue-Ringed Octopus bite: Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition Page 17 of 18

18 58. Select the appropriate treatments for the illustrated animals below (tick appropriate boxes). Funnel Web Cold Pack Hot Pack Pressure Immobilisation Bandage Vinegar Red Back Cold Pack Hot Pack Pressure Immobilisation Bandage Vinegar Bee Cold Pack Hot Pack Pressure Immobilisation Bandage Vinegar European Wasp Cold Pack Hot Pack Pressure Immobilisation Bandage Vinegar Snake Cold Pack Hot Pack Pressure Immobilisation Bandage Vinegar Surf Life Saving NSW Active First Aid Workbook 6 th Edition Page 18 of 18