Statut Unité Scientifique de l Observatoire de Paris
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1 Statut Unité Scientifique de l Observatoire de Paris Unité de Service et de Recherche associée au CNRS n B704 About 45 engineers and technicians (MEN and CNRS) Cooperation with scientific teams from Paris Observatory (Meudon) and University of Orléans (about 30 scientists)
2 Scientific context Observatory: National instruments on Nançay site Complex, ambitious, expensive (international) radioastronomy projects Mutation Mutual benefit Instrumental laboratory: Participation to international ground and space radioastronomy projects
3 Relations with authorities and partners Paris Observatory MIPPU INSU IN2P3? Présidence CA CS LESIA LERMA Sections Comité de Direction Scientifique GEPI USN STU Centre Federation National programs DR CNRS SUBATECH LPCE ISTO LESI Nantes University Orléans University
4 Teams Groupe technique Electronique Informatique Mécanique Electrotechnique Exploitation Services Généraux Administration Logistique Station de Radioastronomie de Nançay Mise à disposition Projects Instruments du site Radio-Télescope décimétrique Radio-Héliographe Réseau Décamétrique Antenne VLF Projets internationaux et R&D SKA EMBRACE SKA ASIC FASR voie d'antenne LOFAR mesures conjuguées R&D Traitement des interférences CODALEMA gerbes cosmiques Dédisperseur pulsars BON Infrastructures Teams and projects Antenne surveillance radioélectrique Service Commun microélectronique
5 Priority 1 Instrumental laboratory R&D and international projects
6 RFI robust receivers: R&D RFI mitigation High dynamic range Algorithms for RFI detection and elimination 2001: «Reconquête» receiver, INSU support since 2003 Applications: International radioastronomy projects (FASR, LOFAR, SKA) Nançay instruments (test bench) Cooperation: LESI (Orléans): 2 PhD GEPI, LESIA, LPCE European partners (SKADS)
7 R&D «front end» ASICs Functions: amplification, filtering, beamforming Interest for future projects (large numbers of antennas): reliability, cost Start in 2003 (CNRS/INSU support), main steps: Comparison between technologies Function optimization on frequency band Function integration (PhD) Equipments shared between Nançay and LPCE (space applications) Cooperation: IRCOM (STIC, Limoges): PhDs, student training Industry (Philips semiconductors, Ommic) European partners (SKADS, JRA RadioNet FP7?)
8 SKA (Square Kilometer Array) 1 st priority project Generalist instrument, area 1 km GHz Major project of international radioastronomy for Complementary with ALMA, LOFAR, HI up to z = 5 Several concepts in competition Europe : multi-beam observations Budget 1 G
9 FP6 project : 38 M incl M EC (incl. 1.8 M for France) Main objectives: SKA Design Study Construction of EMBRACE, demonstrator of the European aperture array concept for SKA (located in Westerbork and Nançay in 2008) R&D for further progress towards SKA EU partners : 32 institutes from 13 countries (NL, UK, F, I, ) France: Paris Obs., Univ. Orléans, CNRS, OMMIC (Philips) Activities: scientific simulations (cosmology), EMBRACE (conception, construction, operations), R&D (ASIC, RFI mitigation), assessment
10 Impact of SKADS in France and Nançay GEANT RHD (Région Centre) Vierzon? Dwingeloo (P.-B.) Paris RENATER Orléans Nançay Fibre dédiée (Cher) Strengthening of Nançay technical pool (international cooperation) Scientific preparation of SKA in France Manpower 40 % of Nançay engineer resources (5 à 6 FTE/year) EU funding, but also MEN (PPF), CNRS/INSU demands Optical fiber link (> 1 Gbit/s) to Nançay (co-funding by local governments + )
11 U.S. project STATION DE RADIOASTRONOMIE FASR (Frequency Agile Solar Radiotelescope) French participation crucial for LF (numerical receiver, support from CNRS/INSU), possible further steps = prototype, RFI mitigation, participation to construction? Dedicated to the observation of the solar corona (Sun-Earth relations) Operational in 2010? LNA Filtre Passe Bande Conversion Electrique-optique Mélangeur analogique OL Filtre Passe Bas A/D Traitement numérique (canaux de fréquences, rééchantillonage, ) Vers corrélateur
12 LOFAR (LOw Frequency ARray) Dutch project (+Sweden, Germany) MHz, area km 2 Discovery of the «decameter Universe»: - cosmology/re-ionization - solar physics - astroparticles + generic concept of captor network: - geophysics (ISTO) 1 st station ITS since end 2003, «core» 100% operational in European extension : role of France? (stations, data treatments, responsability of key programs, ) Precursor of SKA European concept
13 CODALEMA (radio-detection of air showers) Idea: high temporal resolution receivers (1 ns), connected to the Nançay Decameter Array 400 m 600 m RD 400 m 600 m Start in 2003, CNRS/INSU support in 2004, extension of the instrument (ANR project 500 k ) Applications : astroparticles (radio-detection of air showers), solar physics, Interest of the method : large volume sampled, access to key parameters of the primary (energy, direction of arrival), low cost Cooperation: IN2P3 (Subatech, Nantes) Method validated (correlation with scintillators), next steps: systematical mesurements toward a large instrument (AUGER, LOFAR)?
14 Priority 2 Observatory Scientific et technical valorization of Nançay instruments
15 Decimeter Radiotelescope : presentation of the instrument P C H E, PCMI, PNC, PNG, PNP, PNPS, PNST MHz (18 et 21 cm lines) 50% of time demands from foreign radioastronomers Excellent compromise between sensibility and sky coverage Þ ideal for systematic and long term measurements «White paper» in preparation
16 RT science programs HI envelopes of the AGB giant stars Dynamics of the Local Universe and large structures Long term timing of pulsars: «glitches» ETC
17 Radio-heliograph unique instrument, interferometer observing the solar corona between 150 et 450 MHz 3 branches (19, 25 et 4 antennas) fast imagery < 1 s solar physics et Sun-Earth relations open data base BASS 2000 spatial collaborations (SOHO, Stereo, ) PNST
18 Decameter array PNP PNST phased array, 144 antennas total array m 2 high frequency and time (< 1 ms) resolution between 10 and 100 MHz Jupiter : systematic measurements, polarimetry, fast pulses, spatial collaborations (Wind, Galileo) Sun : upper corona, spatial collaborations
19 VLF antenna LPCE Orléans instrument located in Nançay Systematic measurements of VLF waves (0-50 khz) of atmospheric and ionospheric origin (international network) Since 2003: campaigns for «sprites» associated emission detection Advantages of Nançay site : clean radioelectric environment, infrastructures, operational capabilities
20 Manpower issues Difficult situation until 2008: SKA = priority 1 Priorities and/or choices to be decided this year for 2008 and + New positions needed!
21 Conclusions Major evolution: participation to international radioastronomy projects Objective: increase scientific benefit for France Role of Nançay instruments (RT) as test benches Need to develop international cooperations: FP7 RadioNet LOFAR / astroparticles SKADS follow-on Need to develop regional cooperations: Science (pulsars) and technical (ASIC and RFI mitigation R&D) collaborations Possible support from local governments New radioastronomer positions needed (GEPI, LESIA, LPCE, )
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