4/30/2012. Aalborg University. Department of Development and Planning. Visit Department of Architecture, Design and Media Technology

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1 A Vocabulary of Travel Experiences: The use of GPS and SMS data in illuminating the experience of mobility Dr. Kristian Hegner Reinau Dr. Henrik Harder Anders Sorgenfri Jensen Aalborg University, Denmark Aalborg University Numbers Students (2011) Staff (2010) Budget 323 million pound (estimated 2012) 60+ full time degrees Vision Problem based learning (PBL) Interdiciplinarity Innovation ( (maps.google.com) Department of Development and Planning Visit FOODSCAPES, INNOVATION AND NETWORK GEOINFORMATICS LAND MANAGEMENT MEAL SCIENCE & PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION (MENU) PARTICIPATION AND TECHNOLOGY PBL-ARTES PBL AND SUSTAINABILITY SUSTAINABILITY, INNOVATION AND POLICY SUSTAINABLE ENERGY PLANNING TRAFFIC RESEARCH GROUP URBAN PLANNING AND MOBILITY CENTER FOR COMMUNICATION, MEDIA AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES CENTER FOR MOBILITY AND URBAN STUDIES - C-MUS THE DANISH CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (DCEA) INNOVATIVE FISHERIES MANAGEMENT (IFM) VIRTUAL CENTRE FOR HEALTH INFORMATICS (V-CHI) UNESCO CHAIR IN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING Department of Architecture, Design and Media Technology Research Cluster for Mobility and Tracking Technologies (MoTT) 1. Tracking and Location Based Technologies - exploring new hardware and software for understanding mobility 2. Mobile Methods - innovation, reflection and development of new tracking and location based methods 3. Representing location-based data - exploring theoretical and methodological implications of processing, visualizing and representing location based data 4. Theorizing the meaning of Tracking and Location Based Technologies to Mobility in the Network Society 5. Ethics, Surveillance and New Tracking Technologies Previous work done by my colleagues (Harder, Pelle, Skov, Lyseen, Wind 2009) 1

2 Time use and movement behaviour of young people in cities: The application of GPS tracking in tracing movement pattern of young people for a week in Aalborg (Harder, Van Ness, Jensen, Reinau, Weber 2012) Difference between coherence of time consumption and space syntax classification for men and women with loose coherence rule. (Harder, Van Ness, Jensen, Reinau, Weber 2012) Previous work done by my colleagues Particimap Andriod App Customizable to individual survey needs Simple for the respondents to use and have a clear graphical user interface Device is already a part of the respondents daily routines Can utilize other technologies such as text and images Has a battery life sufficient for a full day of tracking Not dependent of having a data connection at all times. (Harder & Sorgenfri 2012) The ACTUM research project A Vocabulary of Travel Experiences: The use of GPS and SMS data in illuminating the experience of mobility Dr. Kristian Hegner Reinau reinau@plan.aau.dk The objective of the project is to provide an activity-based framework that is able to capture and describe individual and household activity patterns within a multi-modal transport environment that is characterized by a diversity of travel mode combinations. (ACTUM 2010, p.2) This GPS tracking project is funded by the ACTUM research project, and the overall objective is to deliver data for the estimation of the activity based models. Dr. Henrik Harder hhar@create.aau.dk Anders Sorgenfri Jensen asje@create.aau.dk (ACTUM 2010, p.5) 2

3 The question How do people experience their mobility (almost) as it happens? + Who did we track in Copenhagen? 50 Households (approximately 200 people) 7 days of GPS tracking SMS data about experiences of trips Web-survey Late September and early October 2011 Sample: Mother, father and one or more children over the age of 6. NB: Not representative for Copenhagen 50 Households (approximately 200 people) 3 days of GPS tracking Web-survey October and early November 2011 SMS GPS tracker The data Trips A contingency based beeper study: Setup A (38 households) When you start the journey, for example when you exit your front door in the morning, you should send an SMS with the information Work start or School Start to number When you arrive at your work/school, you should send an SMS to number with the information Work End or School End, as well as what transportation form you used in the journey, for example Walk Bus if you walked some of the way and took the bus some of the way. In addition we would like if you answer the following question: What three words will you use to describe the experience of the journey you have just been on? A contingency based beeper study: Setup B (12 households) We would like if you, when you start the journey, will send us one word describing the objective of the journey to number , for example Work if you are heading for work, School if you are heading for school, visit if you are heading for a family visit, exercise if you are heading for exercise, shopping if you are going shopping etc. When you arrive at your destination, we would like that you send an SMS to number with the answer to the following questions: What three words will you use to describe the experience of the journey you have just been on? 3

4 SMS data and trips SMS data and exp. Number of respondents in different age groups Number of SMS' sent by different age groups Number of respondents Boy Girl Dad Mom Number of SMS Boy Girl Dad Mom Age Group Age Group Timing of SMS Descriptive Statistics Boy Girl Dad Mom Number in project Number who dit not send Number who sent SMS Percent who sent SMS Number of SMS SMS with experiences SMS Statistics of population who sent SMS Minimum age Maximum age Mean Standard Deviation Statistics of the number of SMS sent Number of SMS sent Minimum Maximum Mean Standard Deviation Hour of the day 4

5 Descriptive statistics Setup A Descriptive statistics Setup B Boy Girl Dad Mom Total Number in project Number who dit not send Number who sent SMS Percent who sent SMS Statistics of population who sent SMS Minimum age Maximum age Mean Standard Deviation Statistics of the number of SMS sent Number of SMS sent Minimum Maximum Mean Standard Deviation Boy Girl Dad Mom Total Number in project Number who dit not send Number who sent SMS Percent who sent SMS Statistics of population who sent SMS Minimum age Maximum age Mean Standard Deviation Statistics of the number of SMS sent Number of SMS sent Minimum Maximum Mean Standard Deviation Descriptive statistics on the experiences Setup A Setup B Number in project Number who dit not send Number who sent Exp Percent who sent Exp Statistics of population who sent experiences Minimum age 9 11 Maximum age Mean Standard Deviation Statistics of the exp. Number SMS A B Number Exp. A Number SMS Number Exp. B Number sent Minimum Maximum Mean Standard Deviation A vocabulary of travel experiences Current classification of the SMS s Start, Stop, Mode, More Modes, One Exp., Two Exp, Three Exp, Four or more Exp., Positive, Negative, Activity. Describing an experience? Keyword: Sun, Traffic, Quiet, Dull, Perfect, Tailwind, Uneventful, Chaos, Fast, Stress, Tired, Friend, Cold, Fog, Silence, Happy, Nice, Cozy, :-) Statement: Copenhagen is a good city for biking, Nice trip along the lake, Quiet trip, Nice weather, Loooong biketrip in the dark, No traffic, Waiting time for bus, Far too many bikes on Rolighedsvej and HC Andersens Boulevard, The whole city smells like burned KB Hal. Categorizing experiences Positive experiences! Positive? Nice weather, Cosy, Wonderful trip, Beautiful weather, Smile, Cosy atmosphere with a colleage, Perfect, Beautiful, Fine, Fantastic, Ag Won :-), :-D 5

6 Creating the categories Descriptive: What is there, What is going on Physical environment Nice weather, Wonderful bike trip along the lake home, Delightful trip in sunshine. Atmosphere - a intersection of physical and social environment Irritation (Danish slang expression Nedern used) by the new waiting place for bikes by the Tangensvej intersection, Swarm traffic at the pathway Social environment Drive [name]s sweetheart to school, Cosy time in the backseat, A bit boring trip without friends, My sister cannot do parking. Interpretative: Perfect, Beautiful, Fine, Fantastic, Cosy, Irritating, Stress, Late, Cold, Exhausted, Hot, Negative, Boring trip. Challenges Does a smiley indicate something is positive? When does they experience relate to the journey and when does it relate to the activity before or after the journey? Example Biking to school now looking forwards to see my friends again. Does the respondent necessarily experience anything? Example Nothing to observe What if the experience relates to the participation in the research project? Example GPS Trouble Future work Inferential statistics on the results and socio-economic data on the respondents. Geo-analysis of the trips and combination of trip data with several sources of geo-data describing Copenhagen. Development of categorization of experiences. Development of a vocabulary of travel experiences. Datamining to establish whether it is possible to see some relationships between the quantitative side of the trips (length, physical neighborhood, mode, etc.) and the qualitative side (the experiences) Thank you for your attention! 6