PERMANENT RESIDENTS 2014

Transcription

1 PERMANENT RESIDENTS 290, , , , , , , , ,000 Permanent Residents in Canada 280, , , Economic Class Immigrants Family Class Immigrants Humanitarian Immigrants and Other Total ,746 62,277 39, , ,312 63,374 42, , ,248 70,516 42, , ,244 66,242 39, , ,067 65,583 32, , ,492 65,207 33, , ,915 60,224 33, , ,118 56,453 36, , ,828 65,012 32, , ,188 81,845 28, , ,909 65,951 29, ,067 Over the past decade, Canada has issued 250,000 permanent resident permits per year on average. 60% of all permanent residents entered the country under one of the economic immigration streams, 26% entered as Family Class immigrants, and 14% entered as Humanitarian and Other immigrants. Immigration levels are set by the Federal Government of Canada and determine both the overall number of permanent residents targeted for admission each year, as well as the targets for the various immigration categories. Provinces with a Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) have some influence on levels for that program, and can set their own criteria for selection. Within Canada, immigrants are free to choose where they want to live (with some exceptions if they were nominated by a province under the PNP or provincial investor programs). 1

2 PERMANENT RESIDENTS Permanent Residents in British Columbia 50,000 40,000 30,000 37,026 44,770 44,188 34,787 34,949 20,000 10, Economic Class Immigrants Family Class Immigrants Humanitarian Immigrants and Other Total ,935 10,872 3,219 37, ,199 11,726 2,845 44, ,740 13,460 2,884 42, ,395 12,613 2,953 38, ,718 12,424 2,850 43, ,916 12,613 2,910 41, ,877 10,867 2,444 44, ,903 10,130 2,745 34, ,116 11,855 2,273 36, ,736 14,347 2,129 36,212 21,452 11,412 2,085 34,949 Over the past decade, an average of just under 40,000 permanent residents came to British Columbia every year. The number of permanent residents coming to the province has been declining over the past three years. On average, 64% of all permanent residents coming to British Columbia entered the country under one of the economic immigration streams. Economic Class immigrants include the principal applicant, as well as his or her spouse and dependents, where applicable. 2

3 PERMANENT RESIDENTS Share of Permanent Residents, 14.2% 13.4% 16.3% 36.8% 19.3% British Columbia Ontario Quebec Alberta Rest of Canada % of Canadian Population British Columbia 13.0% Ontario 38.5% Quebec 23.1% Alberta 11.6% Rest of Canada 13.8% Source: BC Stats Population Estimates British Columbia Ontario Quebec Alberta Rest of Canada % 53.0% 18.8% 7.0% 5.5% % 53.6% 16.5% 7.4% 5.4% % 50.0% 17.8% 8.2% 7.3% % 47.0% 19.1% 8.8% 8.6% % 44.8% 18.3% 9.8% 9.3% % 42.4% 19.6% 10.7% 10.9% % 42.1% 19.2% 11.6% 11.3% % 40.0% 20.8% 12.4% 12.8% % 38.4% 21.4% 14.0% 12.2% % 40.0% 20.1% 14.1% 11.8% 13.4% 36.8% 19.3% 16.3% 14.2% Over the past decade, the share of permanent residents coming to British Columbia has been declining, while the share of those settling in Alberta has been increasing. This pattern highlights that where immigrants choose to settle is often driven by economic considerations (i.e. finding employment). Other factors that drive immigration decisions are existing family ties, existing cultural connections in the new community, and population density. Many immigrants to Canada choose to settle in larger cities like Toronto, Montreal or Vancouver. Strategies for attracting new immigrants are central tools for provinces and territories seeking to increase the number of permanent residents choosing to settle in that province. 3

4 PERMANENT RESIDENTS 80% 70% 60% 50% Economic Class Immigrants as percentage of all immigrants in a province, 61.4% 53.2% 66.5% 69.6% 63.4% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% British Columbia Ontario Quebec Alberta Canada overall British Columbia Ontario Quebec Alberta Canada % 54.0% 60.3% 53.0% 56.7% % 56.6% 60.7% 57.4% 59.6% % 49.7% 58.1% 54.2% 54.9% % 48.2% 62.0% 54.1% 55.4% % 53.3% 65.0% 59.9% 60.3% % 51.3% 69.7% 61.2% 60.9% % 58.8% 70.2% 68.6% 66.6% % 51.7% 69.8% 67.0% 62.8% % 49.6% 72.0% 68.1% 62.4% % 46.0% 67.0% 61.8% 57.2% 61.4% 53.2% 66.5% 69.6% 63.4% Economic Class immigrants include those coming into the country as Skilled Workers, Provincial Nominees, Live-in- Caregivers, Canadian Experience Class immigrants and entrepreneurs. Because Economic Class immigrants are selected based on their skills and criteria aimed at ensuring employability, they are considered to be more successful in terms of labour market attachment and settling in their new country. Provinces and territories strive the attract a large share of economic immigrants. In Canada, the share of Economic Class immigrants in was 63.4%. Alberta had the highest share of economic immigrants, with 69.6%. In British Columbia, economic immigrants accounted for 61.4% of all immigrants in. 4

5 PERMANENT RESIDENTS 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 Economic Class Immigrants, British Columbia 21,810 17,092 16,688 14,793 16,040 16,661 12,086 10,031 9,939 7,484 3,628 4,709 4,900 4,305 5,943 7,156 7,024 5, ,924 2, Provincial Nominees Federal Skilled Workers Canadian Experience Class Live-in-Caregivers Other Economic Class Immigrants British Columbia Provincial Nominees Federal Skilled Workers Canadian Experience Class Live-in-Caregivers Other Economic Class Immigrants ,092-1,083 1, ,810-1,080 1, ,924 16,688-1,528 1, ,522 14,793-1,519 1, ,628 16,040-2,546 1, ,709 12, ,662 1, ,900 16, ,884 1, ,305 10,031 1,021 2,458 1, ,943 9,939 1,613 1, ,156 7,484 1,005 1, ,024 5,164 3,189 3, Over the last decade, the importance of Federal Skilled Workers for the number of economic immigrants in British Columbia has been declining. In 2004, Federal Skilled Workers made up three quarters (75%) of all economic immigrants coming to the province. In, Federal Skilled Workers represented only 24% of all economic immigrants landing in B.C. Other economic immigration streams, in particular the Provincial Nominee Program, have seen a steady rise in numbers in British Columbia. In, Provincial Nominees represented 33% of all economic immigrants landing in B.C., up from only 3% in 2004 and In, Provincial Nominees were the largest group of economic immigrants landing in B.C., surpassing Federal Skilled Workers. 5

6 PERMANENT RESIDENTS ,024 Provincial Nominees, 12,187 11,165 8, ,719 British Columbia Alberta Saskatchewan Manitoba Ontario British Columbia Alberta Saskatchewan Manitoba Canada ,048 6, ,619 8, , ,662 13, ,522 1,652 1,837 7,687 17, ,628 3,323 3,037 7,968 22, ,709 5,324 5,031 10,152 30, ,900 7,496 5,354 12,177 36, ,305 8,997 6,959 12,342 38, ,943 10,289 9,021 9,532 40, ,156 9,146 8,182 8,854 39,918 7,024 11,165 8,780 12,187 47,566 Provincial Nominee Programs are important tools for provinces for attracting and selecting immigrants that best fit the provinces needs and conditions. Overall, the importance of Provincial Nominee Programs has been increasing in Canada, with the number of nominees surging from 6,248 in 2004 to 47,566 in. PNPs have been especially important for prairie provinces like Manitoba and Saskatchewan, where provincial nominees represented 75% of all permanent residents landing in the province in. In British Columbia, the PNP has grown steadily, from 598 provincial nominees in 2004, to 7,024 nominees in, which includes spouses and dependents. The number immigrants a province can nominate in a year is determined by the Federal Government. In, the target for B.C. was 4,150 principal applicants. For 2015, the target was increased to 5,500 principal applicants. 6

7 PERMANENT RESIDENTS Family Class Immigrants as percentage of all immigrants in province, 32.7% 21.7% 31.6% 21.9% 25.4% British Columbia Alberta Ontario Quebec Canada British Columbia Alberta Ontario Quebec Canada % 31.5% 28.0% 19.5% 26.4% % 29.2% 24.9% 19.3% 24.2% % 32.2% 30.5% 20.7% 28.0% % 32.6% 32.0% 18.9% 28.0% % 29.5% 30.5% 20.2% 26.5% % 28.1% 31.0% 17.9% 25.9% % 22.6% 24.8% 17.8% 21.5% % 22.1% 27.5% 17.5% 22.7% % 23.4% 32.3% 16.7% 25.2% % 29.0% 39.0% 23.1% 31.6% 32.7% 21.7% 31.6% 21.9% 25.4% Family Class immigrants are an important part of Canada s overall immigration strategy. Research has shown that having family and friends close by is one of the most important determinants of successful settlement in a new country. Family Class immigrants make up one-fourth of all immigrants to Canada. Family Class immigrants are spouses, common-law partners, children or other eligible relatives of a Canadian permanent resident who has agreed to sponsor the new immigrant. In British Columbia, 32.7% of all permanent residents landing in came as Family Class immigrants. 7

8 PERMANENT RESIDENTS 14.0% 12.0% 10.0% Refugees as percentage of all immigrants in a province, 12.4% 9.7% 9.2% 8.0% 6.0% 4.0% 2.0% 4.6% 6.7% 0.0% British Columbia Alberta Ontario Quebec Canada British Columbia Alberta Ontario Quebec Canada % 13.4% 14.7% 16.7% 13.9% % 11.6% 15.6% 16.5% 13.6% % 11.3% 14.9% 15.9% 12.9% % 10.6% 14.0% 13.1% 11.8% % 7.6% 10.7% 10.0% 8.8% % 8.3% 11.8% 8.2% 9.1% % 6.8% 11.8% 8.7% 8.8% % 8.5% 16.0% 9.7% 11.2% % 6.2% 12.7% 8.4% 9.0% % 7.5% 12.3% 8.1% 9.3% 4.6% 6.7% 12.4% 9.7% 9.2% Canada is a signatory to several international humanitarian treaties, with an obligation to offer protection to people who face persecution in their home country. Over the past decade, around 10% of all permanent residents entering the country every year have been refugees. Within Canada, most refugees land in Ontario and Quebec: 12% and 10% of all permanent immigrants to these provinces in were refugees. Of all permanent residents landing in British Columbia every year, 5% are refugees. 8

9 PERMANENT RESIDENTS Regions Destination within the province 1.2% Census Metropolitan Areas 0.5% 1.0% 3% 1% 11% 4% 81% Vancouver Victoria Abbotsford- Mission Kelowna Other 3.4% 86.1% 6.2% 1.0% Lower Mainland Vancouver Island/Coast Thompson- Okanagan Kootenays Cariboo Northeast North Coast/ Nechako % 4.3% 2.0% 0.4% 0.6% 0.2% 0.3% % 4.1% 1.9% 0.5% 0.5% 0.2% 0.3% % 4.8% 2.5% 0.6% 0.6% 0.3% 0.3% % 5.4% 3.0% 0.8% 0.7% 0.4% 0.3% % 5.3% 3.0% 0.8% 0.6% 0.3% 0.4% % 5.8% 3.2% 1.1% 0.7% 0.3% 0.5% % 5.7% 3.0% 0.7% 0.7% 0.4% 0.4% % 5.8% 3.1% 0.9% 0.8% 0.6% 0.3% % 5.7% 3.2% 0.9% 0.8% 0.7% 0.3% % 5.3% 3.3% 1.0% 0.8% 0.9% 0.5% 86.1% 6.2% 3.4% 1.0% 1.0% 1.2% 0.5% The vast majority (86% in ) of all permanent residents landing in B.C. choose the Lower Mainland as their location. In fact, 81% of all permanent residents coming to the province last year declared that they will live in Greater Vancouver. Other popular locations for new immigrants to B.C. include urban areas like Greater Victoria, Abbotsford-Mission and Kelowna. Very few new immigrants settle elsewhere in the province. 9

10 PERMANENT RESIDENTS U.S.A. 5.5% Europe & UK 14.1% Asia & Pacific 63.6% Africa & Middle East 11.3% South & Central America 4.5% Top Source China India Philippines Iran U.S.A. U.K Korea Countries ,047 4,066 3,013 1,366 1,496 1,397 2, ,725 5,743 4,176 1,297 1,954 1,398 2, ,930 5,962 3,738 1,701 2,436 1,717 2, ,259 5,178 3,953 1,286 2,632 2,216 2, ,915 5,484 4,996 1,281 2,656 2,522 2, ,375 6,077 4,623 1,233 2,073 2,655 2, ,318 5,852 6,661 1,359 1,699 2,475 2, ,485 4,415 5,468 1,166 1,499 1,611 1, ,336 5,328 5,040 1,123 1,747 1,503 2, ,567 6,002 3,839 1,723 1,731 1,438 1,584 6,090 5,659 5,132 2,136 1,907 1,544 1,339 ; based on country of last permanent residence The majority (64%) of immigrants coming to B.C. arrive here from countries in the Asia & Pacific region. The top three source countries in were China, India and the Philippines. Immigrants from these three countries alone represented 48% of all permanent residents landing in the province in. Other important source regions are Europe and the U.K., as well as Africa & the Middle East, which accounted for 14% and 11% of new immigrants landing in B.C. last year. 10