The Technologies and Performance of Solar Shingles and Transparent Solar Glass

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "The Technologies and Performance of Solar Shingles and Transparent Solar Glass"

Shannon Clark
7 years ago
Views:

1 The Technologies and Performance of Solar Shingles and Transparent Solar Glass Paul Tate March 10, 2015 Originally prepared as a degree requirement for the UIC Master of Energy Engineering program 1

2 Outline n Introduction to Building Integrated PV n Solar Shingles Technology n Solar Glass Technology n Conclusions n Questions 2

3 Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) n Building Materials & Solar Cells Roofing Glass Metal Panels Overhangs Awnings, etc. Building Integrated Photovoltaic Installation 1 3

4 BIPV Building Integrated Photovoltaic Installation 2 4

5 Solar Shingles n Intended for residential pitched roofs n Replace portion of asphalt shingles n Are not rack mounted n Integrate into standard roofing n Multiple technologies utilized 5

6 CIGS Solar Shingle n Uses Copper Indium Gallium diselenide (CIGS) thin film technology n Substrate is a proprietary polymer n Size, weight, flexibility similar to asphalt shingle CIGS Cell Schematic Diagram 3 6

7 CIGS Solar Shingles CIGS Solar Shingles Prior to Installation 4 7

8 CIGS Solar Shingle CIGS Solar Shingles Post-Installation 5 8

9 CIGS Solar Shingle CIGS Solar Shingles Post-Installation 6 9

10 Mono-Si Solar Shingle n Uses mono-crystalline silicon (mono-si) technology n Mounted on semiflexible plastic n Slightly thinner than asphalt shingle with special underlayment Mono-Crystalline Silicon Cell 7 10

11 Mono-Si Solar Shingle Mono-Si Solar Shingles Post-Installation 8 11

12 Mono-Si Solar Shingle Mono-Si Solar Shingles Post-Installation 8 12

13 Mono-Si Solar Shingle Mono-Si Solar Shingles Post-Installation 8 13

14 Solar Shingle Efficiencies CIGS Solar Shingle n ~12% efficient CIGS cells n Efficiency rises initially (light soaking), then degrades over time n Solar components warrantied for 20 years Mono-Si Solar Shingle n 14% efficient mono-si cells n 14% efficient immediately, then degrades over time n Solar components warrantied for 10 years 14

15 Solar Shingle Power Output CIGS Solar Shingle n Available in 9-13 Watts/shingle n Each shingle approximately 1.6 SF exposed area n Power output: 5.6 to 8.1 W/SF n 400 SF array: 2.25kW to 3.25 kw Mono-Si Solar Shingle n 60 Watts/shingle n Each shingle approximately 5.3 SF exposed area n Power output: 11.4 W/SF n 400 SF array: 4.55 kw 15

16 CIGS Solar Shingle Electrical Connections CIGS Solar Shingle Electrical Connections 9 16

17 Mono-Si Solar Cell Electrical Connections Mono-Si Solar Cell Electrical Connections 10 17

18 Mono-Si Solar Shingle Electrical Connections Mono-Si Solar Cell Electrical Connections 10 18

19 Mono-Si Solar Shingle Electrical Connections Mono-Si Solar Cell Electrical Connections 10 19

20 Solar Shingles - Balance of System CIGS Solar Shingle n CIGS solar shingle manufacturer supplies inverter n Electrician makes connections from array to inverter, inverter to meter, disconnects, etc. n Manufacturer s webbased monitoring system included Mono-Si Solar Shingle n Electrician supplies manufacturer sized inverter n Electrician wires everything from array to meter and disconnects n Point of use monitoring only 20

21 Transparent Solar Glass n Focusing on Dye Sensitized Solar Cells & Organic Solar Cells n Transparent meaning light passes through the solar collector, opposed to thin strips of silicon based cells implanted onto glass 21

22 Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) n Titanium Dioxide (TiO 2 ) molecules coated with various color dyes n Electrolyte (usually iodide) replaces electron given off by dye through TiO 2 n All layers are transparent, limiting factor is dye color & thickness Dye Sensitized Solar Cells 11 22

23 Dye Sensitized Solar Cells Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Schematic Diagram 12 23

24 Dye Sensitized Solar Cells Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Installation 13 24

25 Dye Sensitized Solar Cells Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Installation 14 25

26 Organic Solar Cells n Light absorbed in hole transport layer n Photon energy creates excitons n Excitons travel to photoactive layer where charge separation occurs n Difference from inorganic PV is effect of light absorption Organic Solar Cell 15 26

27 Organic Solar Cells Organic Solar Cell Schematic 16 27

28 Spectral Response of Conventional and Transparent PV Cells Spectral Response of Conventional and Transparent PV Cells 17 28

29 Organic Solar Cells Organic Solar Cell 17 29

30 Organic Solar Cells Transparent Solar Cell 18 30

31 Organic Solar Cells Transparent Solar Cell 19 31

32 Transparent Solar Cell Efficiencies DSSC n Typically 8% to 10% maximum efficiency n Record lab efficiency: 11.9% n Commercially available, well-known operation and challenges Organic Solar Cells n 40% transparent cell at 7.1% efficiency n Record lab efficiency: 11.1% n Not commercially available, very new technology 32

33 Conclusions n Solar shingles is a viable and growing industry n Solar Glass research is growing, long-term production and applications are unknown n BIPV will continue to be developed and used if costs and aesthetics are favorable Picture Courtesy of RISE 33

34 Bibliography 1 "Building-integrated Photovoltaics a Niche Market with Ample Opportunities."SolarServer. Web. 28 Oct < 2 "Outstanding BIPV Projects." Onyx Solar - Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV). Onyx Solar. Web. 27 Feb < 3 "Special-purpose Diodes." All About Circuits. Web. 28 Oct < vol_3/chpt_3/12.html>. 4 "Roofs Do Double Duty with Dow Shingles." Jetson Green. 25 June Web. 28 Oct < 5 "Solution to Homeowner s Association Problem with Aesthetics of Roof Mounted Solar PV Tennessee Solar." Tennessee Solar Energy Association. 13 Sept Web. 22 Oct < 6 "NEXUS EnergyHomes First Home Builder to Offer DOW POWERHOUSE Solar Shingles on the East Coast." News. DOW, 6 Mar Web. 28 Oct < 7 "Solar Cells." KEMI Silicon, Inc. Web. 22 Oct < 8 "Apollo II Solar Roofing Systems from CertainTeed Corporation." Web. 26 Oct < 9 "POWERHOUSE Installation Process." YouTube. 22 Nov Web. < watch?v=ztdd_nmojgm>. 10 "Installation Instructions for CertainTeed's Apollo II Solar Roofing System." YouTube. 5 Aug Web. < 34

35 Bibliography Continued 11 Beciri, Damir. "EPFL's New Convention Center West Façade Features Dye Solar Cells RobAid." Robaid. 3 Dec Web. 2 Nov < 12 Dye Sensitized Solar Cells. University of Florida Department of Chemistry. Web. < schanze.chem.ufl.edu/research/dye-sensitized-solar-cells/>. 13 "HOPV 2014." Institute of Advanced Chemistry II and Advanced Materials. The University of Ulm, 19 May Web. < 14 "Dye Solar Cell Façade at SwissTech Convention Center at EPFL, by Solaronix." Juan Bisquerts Blog. 8 Apr Web. 2 Nov < 15 "SolarWindow." New Energy Technologies Inc. Web. 2 Nov < Plexcore PV Ink System. Sigma Aldrich. Web. < articles/technology-spotlights/plexcore-pv-ink-system.html>. 17 "Heliatek Announces Largest BIOPV Facade Installation." Heliatek, 28 Oct Web. < Stauffer, Nancy. "Transparent Solar Cells." MIT Energy Initiative. MIT, 20 June Web. < mitei.mit.edu/news/transparent-solar-cells>. 19 Oswald, Tom, and Richard Lunt. "Solar Energy That Doesn't Block the View." Michigan State University, 19 Aug Web. < 35

36 Questions? 36

- SOLAR ENERGY WHITE PAPER - WHERE WE ARE NOW AND WHAT S AHEAD

u - SOLAR ENERGY WHITE PAPER - WHERE WE ARE NOW AND WHAT S AHEAD A summary provided by Platinum Sponsor Natcore Technology, Inc. Dr. Dennis J. Flood, CTO Presented at New Orleans Investment Conference