APOYO DE CRISIS Crisis Support. June 13-14, 2011 Leslie Armstrong

Transcription

1 APOYO DE CRISIS Crisis Support June 13-14, 2011 Leslie Armstrong

2 Cambios de Populacion Percentage of urban population by region, SOURCE: United Nations.

3 UN Plan de Sciencia: Urbanizacion y Cambios al Medio Ambiente Global Source: UN 2002; Draft: F. Kraas; Cartography: R. Spohner

4 Vunerabilidades Crecen According to the latest IPCC report, the main threats to the urban populations and to the physical assets of developing cities are the following: Sea-level rise: This is the most fundamental challenge that urban settlements will face from the forecasted predictions of global warming, as half of the world s population live within 60 kilometers of the sea and 3/4 of all large cities are located by the coast. It is also anticipated to increase because of the on-going influx of people and economic assets into coastal zones. Entire portions of coastal cities and their infrastructure are at risk. In addition to the impacts on human settlements, natural services which protect coastal human settlements will also be made vulnerable from erosion of beaches, sedimentation of river floors in estuarine zones, and wetlands and tidal flats subject to flooding. Groundwater is at risk of increased salinization, and coastal aquifers at risk of decreasing; all of which will affect the fresh water supply and influence peri-urban agriculture. Tropical cyclones: Increasingly frequent and intense tropical and extra-tropical cyclones will likely cause severe wind damage and storm surges which, compounded with anticipated sea-level rise, are expected to create a severe problem for low-lying coastal regions and cities, with a particular risk encountered by ports and other coastal infrastructure. Flooding and land-slides: the expected increase in scale, intensity and frequency of rainfall regimes in most developing countries will likely severely strain or overwhelm the storm-drainage systems of many urban centres. It will also likely cause periodic flooding of low-lying areas as well as landslides and mud-slides on geologically unstable slopes, which are often the only available location option for informal settlements. Cities built next to rivers or on reclaimed lands in river-beds will be prone to additional inundations. Water quality and shortage: Flooding in urban areas will likely damage water treatment facilities as well as flood wells, pit latrines and septic tanks; sewage treatment systems and solid waste disposal areas will likely be equally affected, contaminating water supplies. Where overall rainfall will decrease, droughts will likely compromise the replenishment of water tables and thus the normal sources of water supply for the urban areas. Heat and cold waves: Intense episodes of thermal variability will likely severely strain urban systems, representing an environmental health risk for the more vulnerable segments of the population, as well as requiring extraordinary consumption of energy for heating and cooling (where available), potentially disrupting ordinary urban activities.

5

6 Objectivos Educar officiales y profesionales jovenesen lasestragediasy tecnologiasfor preparacion, mitigacion, and respondenciaa disastres naturales. Expandir collaboracion. Provenir profesionales con un rede de opportunidades con exjecutivos and jenercia de su region. Desarollarunasrecomendacionesa IPGH poraccion: preparacion, mitigacion, and respondenciaa disastres.

7 Esmeraldes, Ecuador

8 Agenda

9 Introducion de Estudiantes Miguel Trejo Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Silvia Passuni- Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Paulina Vidal -Universidad de Chile

10 Gracias USGS: Leslie Armstrong, Jean Parcher, Jean Noe Weaver, Brenda Jones, Thomas Kaveladge, and Timothy Stryker UN-SPIDER: Juan Carlos Villagran de Leon NOAA: Yana Gevorgyan, Martin Medina ESRI: Carmelle Turborg, Merrill Lyew, John Nystrom NASA: Dan Irwin U.S. Dept. of State: Fernando Echevarria. NGA: Liam O Brien, John Gates, IGNTG: Aracelly Franco PAIGH National Sections of Peru and Chile