Innovation and growth in China and India
|
|
- Randolf Golden
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Innovation and growth in China and India Professor Sunil Mani Planning Commission Chair Professor in Development Economics Centre for Development Studies Trivandrum, Kerala, India mani@cds.ac.in 1
2 Outline Part I: The Context Fastest growing economies in terms of efficiency of resource use ; Improvement in China and India s rank in the Global Innovation Index; Increasing knowledge-intensity of China and India s manufactured and service exports; Competitiveness in high technology areas such as space technology ; Part II Has China and India become more innovative since 1991? Input based indicators; and Output based indicators Part III: Some disquieting features of China and India s innovation system Quantity and quality of science and engineering personnel Conclusions 2 2
3 China and India are two of the fastest growing economies in terms of efficiency of resource use 3
4 Global Innovation Index Ranking [ Economist Intelligence Unit(2009)] 4
5 Technology content of China and India s manufactured exports, (Percentage shares of manufactured exports) 5
6 Share of technology-intensive service exports in total service exports from India, through
7 China has become one of the largest exporter s of telecommunications equipments in the world 7
8 India has become the largest IT services exporter in the world (US $ billion) 8
9 China and India have become exporter s of capital (Values are in millions of US $) 9
10 Space competitiveness Index: Aggregate Scores by country, 2008 and
11 Has China and India becoming more innovative? We seek to provide an answer to this by examining a variety of input and output indicators. The input indicator considered is the R&D expenditure data; A variety of conventional and not so conventional output indicators are used; The conventional indicators are a variety of patent indicators: we start with the US patenting record of Indian inventors. After analysing the trend in US patenting over time, we analyse the ownership of these patents in terms of three broad categories: domestic private sector enterprises, government research institutes and MNCs 11
12 Innovation indicators used Input indicators: (i) R&D expenditure data; Output indicators: (i) US Patents granted to Chinese and Indian inventors; and ( (ii) Number of triadic patents granted to Chinese and Indian inventors; 12 12
13 Input-based indicators Overall Gross Expenditure on R&D (GERD)- rate of increase in GERD during pre and post reform periods- GERD to GDP ratio; Sector of performance of GERD and changes in it- the growing importance of industrial sector; Growing privatisation of industrial R&D; Industry-wide distribution of industrial R&D; 13
14 Trends in China and India s overall investments in R&D,
15 Evolution of China and India s National System of Innovation 15
16 Business enterprise R&D expenditures in both China and India, (Values are in billions of US $) 16
17 Result of two key Institutional reforms of public R&D Institutes in 1999 and
18 China: Business Enterprises R&D expenditure has been rising 18
19 China: Much of the business enterprise R&D is self funded Sunil Mani, IDRC, May
20 But are Business Enterprises really at the core of the Chinese NIS? However OECD (2008) remarks that it would be wrong to conclude that firms already form the backbone of the Chinese NIS; To a significant extent, the rapid increase in business sector R&D has resulted mechanically from the conversion of some public research institutes into business entities often without creating the conditions for them to become innovation oriented firms {From 1998 to the end of GRIs were converted into business enterprises. The 204, 000 employees of which S&T personnel transferred to the business sector were on an average older and less qualified than those who stayed in research institutions. 20
21 Nominal R&D expenditure by Indian private sector enterprises (Rs in Millions) 21
22 Average propensity to adapt in China and India s business enterprise sector,
23 Industry-wide R&D expenditures Sunil Mani, IDRC, May
24 Relative technological specialisation of China and India From an analysis of the performance of R&D, Chinese NSI is to a largest extent driven by the SSI if the Electronics and telecommunications industries while that of India s by the SSI of the pharmaceutical industry. 24
25 Average cost of securing 1 US patent in terms of R&D investments (Millions of US $) 25
26 Trends in US patenting by Chinese and Indian Inventors (Number of patents) 26
27 Trends in US Patenting (continued) 27
28 Ownership of US Patents 28
29 Trends in the number of US patents granted to MNCs operating from India, Domestic private enterprises and CSIR,
30 Specialisation of Indian patenting in the US, (percentage shares) 30
31 Domestic private sector enterprises active in patenting abroad 31
32 MNCs operating from India and active in patenting abroad 32
33 Triadic patents granted to Chinese and Indian Inventors 33
34 Trends in patenting within China and India 34
35 Technology-wide distribution of patents granted in India, to
36 Conclusions China and India are definitely on a higher economic growth path, and there is some evidence to show that innovations occurring in the two economies are having a positive effect in raising their resoective economic growth performance. There is evidence to show that innovative activities in the industrial sector in both the countries has shown some significant increases during the post reform process. Knowledge content of both domestic output and exports are increasing in both the countries. The Chinese NSI is dominated by the SSI of the electronics and telecommunications industries and in the case of India it is led by the SSI of the pharmaceutical industry In both the countries, increasingly much of the innovative activities are contributed by MNCs. In other words both China and India have become important locations for innovative activities There is even some macro evidence to show that the productivity of R&D investments in India is higher than in China, although this proposition requires careful empirical scrutiny before firm conclusions can be reached; 36 36
37 Conclusions (continued) However continued rise in innovative activity is limited by the of good quality scientists and engineers. Although the available supply appears to be very productive, its important that to sustain this on a long term basis and also to spread the innovation culture to other areas of the industrial establishment concerted efforts will have to be made to increase both the quantity and quality of scientific manpower. Fortunately the government is aware of this problem and has started initiating a number of steps towards easing the supply of technically trained personnel; 37 37
The Development Strategy and Innovation System in China
The Development Strategy and Innovation System in China Professor YANG Qiquan Chinese Academy of Science and Technology for Development MOSCOW Oct.1, 2009 Introduction: Although globalization has obtained
More informationMartin Hemmert. Korea University Business School
Martin Hemmert Korea University Business School Contents 1 The Concept of Innovation Systems 2 The Korean Innovation System: Overview 3 The Parts of the Korean Innovation System 4 Conclusions and Implications
More informationA new ranking of the world s most innovative countries: Notes on methodology. An Economist Intelligence Unit report Sponsored by Cisco
A new ranking of the world s An Economist Intelligence Unit report Sponsored by Cisco Economist Intelligence Unit Limited 2009 A new ranking of the world s Preface In April 2009, the Economist Intelligence
More informationEmerging Trends in Global Sourcing of Innovation
Emerging Trends in Global Sourcing of Innovation Silvia Massini Manchester Business School Manchester Institute of Innovation Research Inaugural Management and Organization Review Research Frontiers Conference
More information12th EU-China Round Table. Report on Surpassing GDP: The New Version of Human Development Index
European Economic and Social Committee Brussels, 8 October 2012 12th EU-China Round Table Report on Surpassing GDP: The New Version of Human Development Index Rapporteur: He Chuanqi, China Center for Modernization
More informationHow To Explain The Increase In Project Management
Manufacturing Efficiency is an Important Factor in the Growth of the Project Management Profession by Fernando Portes, MBA/MEng/MPS/PMP/CQE Introduction The project management profession has experienced
More informationInvesting in the United States Tazeem Pasha
Investing in the United States Tazeem Pasha Embassy of Spain and ICEX Seminar on Financing Opportunities forspanish Companies and Projects in the United States By Tazeem Pasha Monday, 19 March 2012 Washington,
More informationICT and Globalization
ICT and Globalization Developments and Perspectives from the Indian IT-ITES Experience Presented to the OECD Working Party on the Information Economy Paris, June 2006 This material was used by NASSCOM
More information6. Gross Domestic Product by Country
6. Gross Domestic Product by Country The economies of the six countries studied for this report have flourished, allowing for the very high growth rates in research and development (R&D) investment and
More informationASIAN JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT RESEARCH Online Open Access publishing platform for Management Research
Online Open Access publishing platform for Management Research Copyright by the authors Licensee IPA Under Creative Commons license 3.0 Research Article ISSN 2229 3795 Indian life insurance industry changing
More informationINDIA S GDP IN PRE AND POST GLOBALISED ERA: AN APPRAISAL
International Journal of Advanced Research in Management (IJARM) Volume 7, Issue 1, Jan-April (2016), pp. 51-57, Article ID: 10220160701007 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijarm/issues.asp?jtype=ijarm&vtype=7&itype=1
More informationForeign R&D Centres in India: An Analysis of their Size, Structure and Implications
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AHMEDABAD INDIA Foreign R&D Centres in India: An Analysis of their Size, Structure and Implications Rakesh Basant Sunil Mani January 2012 The main objective of the working
More informationTABLE OF CONTENTS. 1. Global Education Sector and Reform. 1.1 Market Overview and Size. 1.2 Initiatives to Boost Education Industry
1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Global Education Sector and Reform 1.1 Market Overview and Size 1.2 Initiatives to Boost Education Industry 1.3 Global Tertiary Education Development 1.3.1 Student Population 1.3.2
More informationScience Technology and Innovation in Sri Lanka
THE PANEL OF THE UNITED NATIONS COMMISSION ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR DEVELOPMENT 28-30 November 2007 Kuala Lumpur Science Technology and Innovation in Sri Lanka The views presented here are the participants
More informationStudy Questions 8 (Keynesian Model) MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Study Questions 8 (Keynesian Model) MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) In the Keynesian model of aggregate expenditure, real GDP is
More informationINDIAN LIFE INSURANCE INDUSTRY CHANGING SCENARIO AND NEED FOR INNOVATION
Journal of Social and Economic Policy, Vol. 11, No. 1, June 2014, pp. 103-108 INDIAN LIFE INSURANCE INDUSTRY CHANGING SCENARIO AND NEED FOR INNOVATION ARVIND KUMAR SINGH * AND MAMTA SINGH ** In the last
More informationTechnology and Economic Growth
Technology and Economic Growth Chapter 5 slide 0 Outline The Growth Accounting Formula Endogenous Growth Theory Policies to Stimulate Growth The Neoclassical Growth Revival Real wages and Labor Productivity
More informationCapitalisation of Research and Development Expenditure in Gross Domestic Product
Capitalisation of Research and Development Expenditure in Gross Domestic Product Daniel CHAN Kin-leung Census and Statistics Department, Hong Kong, China dklchan@censtatd.gov.hk Abstract Research and development
More informationCanada s Energy Sector in a Changing Global Market. Kristi Varangu Director, International Energy Division March 10, 2014
Canada s Energy Sector in a Changing Global Market Kristi Varangu Director, International Energy Division March 10, 2014 2 Purpose Illustrate the profound changes that are taking place in global and North
More informationOccupational and Career Outlook for MIS Majors 2012-2018. Ken Laudon New York University Stern School of Business 2011
Occupational and Career Outlook for MIS Majors 2012-2018 Ken Laudon New York University Stern School of Business 2011 Total employment in the United States is expected to increase by about ten percent
More informationMeasuring GDP and Economic Growth
20 Measuring GDP and Economic Growth After studying this chapter you will be able to Define GDP and explain why GDP equals aggregate expenditure and aggregate income Explain how Statistics Canada measures
More informationThese are some practice questions for CHAPTER 23. Each question should have a single answer. But be careful. There may be errors in the answer key!
These are some practice questions for CHAPTER 23. Each question should have a single answer. But be careful. There may be errors in the answer key! 67. Public saving is equal to a. net tax revenues minus
More informationProfessor António Nogueira Leite
PORTUGAL A NEARSHORE OUTSOURCING DTINATION London, October 14th 2010 PORTUGAL A NEARSHORE OUTSOURCING DTINATION Executive Outlook Portugal, a Nearshore Outsourcing Destination Professor António Nogueira
More informationForecasting Chinese Economy for the Years 2013-2014
Forecasting Chinese Economy for the Years 2013-2014 Xuesong Li Professor of Economics Deputy Director of Institute of Quantitative & Technical Economics Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Email: xsli@cass.org.cn
More informationThe World is Flat and Beckoning
The World is Flat and Beckoning Albert J. Simone President Convocation Remarks May 26, 2006 In the recent book The World Is Flat, it is pointed out that people, governments, and institutions are globally
More informationMAIN PRINCIPLES OF THE STRATEGY ON BUILDING OF WORLD-CLASS UNIVERSITIES IN RUSSIA
Independent Ranking Agency MAIN PRINCIPLES OF THE STRATEGY ON BUILDING OF WORLD-CLASS UNIVERSITIES IN RUSSIA Vladimir Troyan Irina Artyushina Shanghai 2007 Introduction CONTENTS: Concept of the Modernization
More informationAwareness and Impact of Globalization of Life Insurance in India
Awareness and Impact of Globalization of Life Insurance in India Jyoti Agarwal 1, Dr. K.K. Shukla 2 1 Research Scholar, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan 2 Assistant Professor, KCPG Degree College,
More informationGOVERNMENT ECONOMIC OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES. Textbook, Chapter 26 [pg 317-328]
GOVERNMENT ECONOMIC OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES Textbook, Chapter 26 [pg 317-328] Name: Class: Learning outcomes: Identify government economic objectives. Explain the main stages of the business cycle. Explain
More informationMacroeconomics: GDP, GDP Deflator, CPI, & Inflation
HOSP 2207 (Economics) Learning Centre Macroeconomics: GDP, GDP Deflator, CPI, & Inflation Macroeconomics is the big picture view of an economy. Microeconomics looks at the market for a specific good, like
More informationGovernment s Role in Influencing Economic Growth and Productivity
Government s Role in Influencing Economic Growth and Productivity PSMW 2015 8:50 AM, May 26, 2014 Stuart Newton Comptroller General of BC What is Economic Growth and Productivity? Economic Growth: - Gross
More informationSEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION FACTBOOK
SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION FACTBOOK The data included in the 2014 SIA Factbook helps demonstrate the strength and promise of the U.S. semiconductor industry and why it is critical for policymakers
More informationComparing Levels of Development
2 Comparing Levels of Development Countries are unequally endowed with natural capital. For example, some benefit from fertile agricultural soils, while others have to put a lot of effort into artificial
More informationFree-response/problem
Free-response/problem Explain why an economy s income must equal its expenditure. 0 23 Measuring a Nation s Income P R I N C I P L E S O F ECONOMICS F O U R T H E D I T I O N N. G R E G O R Y M A N K I
More informationIndia in the Era of Economic Reforms From Outsourcing to Innovation. By Nirupam Bajpai and Jeffrey D. Sachs
India in the Era of Economic Reforms From Outsourcing to Innovation By Nirupam Bajpai and Jeffrey D. Sachs 32 India is one of the fastest growing economies in the world today. The economic reforms implemented
More informationThe Financial and Business Services growth sector is defined by the Standard Industrialisation Classification (SIC) 2007 codes:
Growth Sector Briefing Financial and Business Services Office of the Chief Economic Adviser, Scottish Government May 2015 Growth Sector Definition Scotland s Financial and Business Services industry was
More informationGrowth and Distributive Impacts of Public Infrastructure Investments in the Philippines
Growth and Distributive Impacts of Public Infrastructure Investments in the Philippines ADB, Manila, Philippines / June 19, 2013 / 14th Annual Global Development Conference / Erwin Corong, Lawrence Dacuycuy,
More informationForeign direct investment
OECD Cluster Focus Group Workshop Utrecht, May 8-9 2000 IRISH ICT CLUSTER Roy Green National University of Ireland, Galway roy.green@nuigalway.ie Summary: Ireland has one of the highest concentrations
More informationAUSTRALIA S EXPORTS OF EDUCATION SERVICES 1
AUSTRALIA S EXPORTS OF EDUCATION SERVICES 1 Introduction Australia s education services exports have continued to grow in importance this decade. Since 1982, education services exports have grown at an
More information0 100 200 300 Real income (Y)
Lecture 11-1 6.1 The open economy, the multiplier, and the IS curve Assume that the economy is either closed (no foreign trade) or open. Assume that the exchange rates are either fixed or flexible. Assume
More informationMultinational Firms, FDI Flows and Imperfect Capital Markets
Multinational Firms, FDI Flows and Imperfect Capital Markets Pol Antràs Mihir Desai C. Fritz Foley Harvard University and NBER Brown Economics December 2006 Motivation (1) Great interest in contracting
More informationBusiness Briefing: Germany
159870 Business Briefing: Germany May 2015 Overview Area Population Population density 357,340.0 sq km 2014: 80.9 million people Population growth rate 2014: -0.2%* Fertility rate Birthrate Age group distribution
More information1. From the following data calculate GNP at factor cost by Income Method & Expenditure Method. Rs. in Crores
National Income Accounting 1. From the following data calculate GNP at factor cost by Income Method & Expenditure Method Items Rs. in Crores Net Domestic capital formation 500 Compensation of employees
More informationMEASURING GDP AND ECONOMIC GROWTH CHAPTER
MEASURING GDP AND ECONOMIC GROWTH CHAPTER Objectives After studying this chapter, you will able to Define GDP and use the circular flow model to explain why GDP equals aggregate expenditure and aggregate
More informationEC2105, Professor Laury EXAM 2, FORM A (3/13/02)
EC2105, Professor Laury EXAM 2, FORM A (3/13/02) Print Your Name: ID Number: Multiple Choice (32 questions, 2.5 points each; 80 points total). Clearly indicate (by circling) the ONE BEST response to each
More informationPr. Dominique JOLLY SKEMA BS. Animatrice : Valérie BLANCHOT COURTOIS
Cycle Innovation & Connaissance 17 petit déjeuner Vendredi 14 février 2014 Comment les entreprises occidentales parient sur la création technologique en Chine? Du cost-driven au knowledge-driven Pr. Dominique
More informationECONOMIC GROWTH* Chapter. Key Concepts
Chapter 5 MEASURING GDP AND ECONOMIC GROWTH* Key Concepts Gross Domestic Product Gross domestic product, GDP, is the market value of all the final goods and services produced within in a country in a given
More informationThe level of price and inflation Real GDP: the values of goods and services measured using a constant set of prices
Chapter 2: Key Macroeconomics Variables ECON2 (Spring 20) 2 & 4.3.20 (Tutorial ) National income accounting Gross domestic product (GDP): The market value of all final goods and services produced within
More informationIt is a well-known fact that the dairy industry actively
The Economic Importance of Dairying Dairy is a universal agricultural production: people milk dairy animals in almost every country across the world, and up to one billion people live on dairy farms. 1
More informationProfessor Christina Romer. LECTURE 17 MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES AND ISSUES March 17, 2016
Economics 2 Spring 2016 Professor Christina Romer Professor David Romer LECTURE 17 MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES AND ISSUES March 17, 2016 I. MACROECONOMICS VERSUS MICROECONOMICS II. REAL GDP A. Definition B.
More informationHow To Understand The Economic Benefits Of Foreign Direct Investment In The United States
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC ADVISERS U.S. INBOUND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT JUNE 211 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The United States welcomes the investment and the jobs supported by the
More informationGlobal Exhibition on Services
Ministry of Commerce & Industry Global Exhibition on Services Concept Note 1 GES Concept Note Global Exhibition on Services (GES) - Concept Note The Government of India, Ministry of Commerce and Industry
More informationDevelopmental Patterns of Offshore IT Service Companies
DEVELOPMENTAL PATTERNS OF OFFSHORE IT SERVICE COMPANIES: APPLICATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY VALUE CHAIN George Mangalaraj, College of Business, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019
More informationCIGX, LLC WHITE PAPER
CIGX, LLC WHITE PAPER WHAT IS CIGX AND WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO YOU? CIGX IS THE FORMULA FOR WEALTH In economic terms, CIGX is the mathematical formula for wealth or economic output (E), also known as gross
More informationHow To Understand The Global Energy Picture
Energy Perspectives 215 Long-term macro and market outlook Press seminar, Oslo, June 215 Eirik Wærness, Chief economist 2 Energy Perspectives 215 Macro and market outlook to 2 www.statoil.com/energyperspectives
More informationInvestment Incentives and Benefits
Investment Incentives and Benefits The State of Israel encourages both local and foreign investment by offering a wide range of incentives and benefits to investors in industry, tourism and real estate.
More information11.1 Estimating Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Objectives
11.1 Estimating Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Objectives Describe what the gross domestic product measures. Learn two ways to calculate the gross domestic product, and explain why they are equivalent. 11.1
More informationStudy on Driving Force of Economic Growth in Beijing and Outlook on Prospect of Economic Growth during 11th Five-year Plan Period
Study on Driving Force of Economic Growth in Beijing and Outlook on Prospect of Economic Growth during 11th Five-year Plan Period Research Group Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics,China August 31,2006
More informationTHE STATE OF THE ECONOMY
THE STATE OF THE ECONOMY CARLY HARRISON Portland State University Following data revisions, the economy continues to grow steadily, but slowly, in line with expectations. Gross domestic product has increased,
More informationCompetitiveness Through Clustering / Collaborative Networks
Competitiveness Through Clustering / Collaborative Networks Professor Michael J. Enright University of Hong Kong and Enright, Scott & Associates Belfast, May 2005 1 The competitiveness challenge Competitiveness*
More informationInnovation Metrics: Measurement to Insight
Innovation Metrics: Measurement to Insight White Paper Prepared for: National Innovation Initiative 21 st Century Innovation Working Group Chair, Nicholas M. Donofrio IBM Corporation Prepared by: Egils
More informationMichele Genovese DG Research and Innovation Specific International Cooperation Activities
Michele Genovese DG Research and Innovation Specific International Cooperation Activities 1 2 1. Innovation in a changing, challenging world New Priorities 3 Recent changes in the global economic system
More informationThe growing inportance of Global Technology Partnerships. 4 th Annual McGill Global Health Conference. April 26 th, 2910
Global Connections for Canadian Innovators Liaisons i internationales i pours les innovateurs canadiens The growing inportance of Global Technology Partnerships 4 th Annual McGill Global Health Conference
More informationCHAPTER 5: MEASURING GDP AND ECONOMIC GROWTH
CHAPTER 5: MEASURING GDP AND ECONOMIC GROWTH Learning Goals for this Chapter: To know what we mean by GDP and to use the circular flow model to explain why GDP equals aggregate expenditure and aggregate
More informationWhy Pakistan Must Break-into the Knowledge Economy
The Lahore Journal of Economics Special Edition Why Pakistan Must Break-into the Knowledge Economy Rashid Amjad * Abstract The author emphasizes in this paper that this was the moment in Pakistan s economic
More informationDOMINION GLOBALIZATION WORKSHOP
DOMINION GLOBALIZATION WORKSHOP Financial Sector Dennis Encarnation Harvard University For more information, please contact me at www.encarnation.com SERVICES Financial Services & Capital Markets Topics:
More informationForeign Direct Investment in the Form of Mergers & Acquisitions in the Indian Retail Sector
1 Foreign Direct Investment in the Form of Mergers & Acquisitions in the Indian Retail Sector Prof. Dr. Christopher B. Kummer 1 and Prof. Ashok Dubey 2 Abstract Given the market attractiveness of the Indian
More informationExplanation beyond exchange rates: trends in UK trade since 2007
Explanation beyond exchange rates: trends in UK trade since 2007 Author Name(s): Michael Hardie, Andrew Jowett, Tim Marshall & Philip Wales, Office for National Statistics Abstract The UK s trade performance
More information2. New Trend 1: From Fairness to Efficiency
Hitotsubashi Symposium Fundamental Tax Reforms in Japan In Search of Equity-Efficiency Balance Shigeki Morinobu Professor, Chuo Law School President of Japan Tax Institute 1. Introduction Upon entering
More informationOverview. List of Figures. Please see chapter errata
Please see chapter errata Overview Introduction...O-3 Science and Technology in the World Economy...O-3 Knowledge- and Technology-Intensive Economic Activity...O-3 R&D Performance...O-5 Workers with S&E
More informationUS Hospital Information Systems Overview and Outlook, 2013 2020 Managing Information in an Era of Reform
US Hospital Information Systems Overview and Outlook, 2013 2020 Managing Information in an Era of Reform December 2014 Contents Section Slide Number Executive Summary 11 Market Background 19 The EHR Landscape
More informationImpact of Foreign Direct Investment, Imports and Exports
Impact of Foreign Direct Investment, Imports and Exports Dr. A. Jayakumar, Professor of Commerce, Periyar University, Salem, India. Kannan.L, Research Scholar, Department of Commerce, Periyar University,
More informationDiploma in Business Management
Paper - Business Organization BLOCK- BLOCK-2 BLOCK-3 BLOCK-4 BLOCK-5 Nature and Scope of Business Forms of Business Organization I Forms of Business Organization II Business Promotion Methods of Raising
More informationEvaluating the Australian Outlook through a Global Lens
Evaluating the Australian Outlook through a Global Lens Chris Siniakov Managing Director, Fixed Income International Bond Yields 4.00% 2-Year Government Yields as at 15 January 2015 3.00% 2.00% 1.00% 0.00%
More informationIndia s Services Exports
Markus Hyvonen and Hao Wang* Exports of services are an important source of demand for the Indian economy and account for a larger share of output than in most major economies. The importance of India
More informationP R E S S R E L E A S E
Hong Kong, 27 February 2014 Corporate overdue payments in China at the highest level in last 3 years: 8 of corporates affected in 2013 - More pressure on financing market / shadow banking in China in spite
More informationOUTSOURCING IN THE UNITED STATES MARKET
Irina M. Azu 21F.034 Final Paper OUTSOURCING IN THE UNITED STATES MARKET INTRODUCTION Outsourcing also known as contracting out is a business decision to export some to all of an organization s non-core
More informationComparing the Three Scenarios
WSS_TIFS PROD_SRO:maquette Russia 20-12-05 16:30 Page 63 Russia and the World: Scenarios to 2025 Section Comparing the Three Scenarios Section 5: Scenario Clean Fuel 6 13.2.2007 63 Technology and Innovation
More informationSME: Finance -Challenges & Opportunities- Factoring Services- A non-conventional option
IFCI Factors Limited SME: Finance -Challenges & Opportunities- Factoring Services- A non-conventional option 1 India s SME Scenario Indian SMEs account for almost 45 percent of industrial output and 40
More informationTHE RETURN OF CAPITAL EXPENDITURE OR CAPEX CYCLE IN MALAYSIA
PUBLIC BANK BERHAD ECONOMICS DIVISION MENARA PUBLIC BANK 146 JALAN AMPANG 50450 KUALA LUMPUR TEL : 03 2176 6000/666 FAX : 03 2163 9929 Public Bank Economic Review is published bi monthly by Economics Division,
More informationMII. China Mobile Limited and. companies of the future. By Ion Nemerenco
MII China Mobile Limited and America Movil: The two wireless companies of the future. By Ion Nemerenco Telecommunications: Wireless Rapid subscriber growth over the past few years More than 500 million
More informationGDP and National Accounts: key concepts National Accounts (Part A)
SUMMER SCHOOL ON MEASUREMENT OF WELL-BEING AND SOCIETAL PROGRESS Pisa 9-13 September 2013 GDP and National Accounts: key concepts National Accounts (Part A) Alessandra Coli, University of Pisa a.coli@ec.unipi.it
More informationCurrent Major Economic Issues (India and Current Economic Affairs) RECAP
Current Major Economic Issues (India and Current Economic Affairs) RECAP Introduction INDIA: RISING ECONOMIC GIANT? OR? Departing radically from previously sociallyoriented policies, India began in the
More informationA STUDY ON MANAGEMENT OF WORKING CAPITAL IN SELECTED IT COMPANIES IN INDIA
A STUDY ON MANAGEMENT OF WORKING CAPITAL IN SELECTED IT COMPANIES IN INDIA Bhavesh Chadamiya 1 and Dr. Vijay Pithadia 2 1 Research Scholar of Karpagam University & Assistant Professor, OM VVIM college
More informationTRIPS at 20: Evidence on Innovation, Use, and International Technology Flows. Keith E. Maskus 1 October 2015 WTO Public Forum, Geneva
TRIPS at 20: Evidence on Innovation, Use, and International Technology Flows Keith E. Maskus 1 October 2015 WTO Public Forum, Geneva Globalization of the IP system TRIPS, WIPO efforts, RTAs, BITs, and
More informationSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT IN VIETNAM AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION POLICY
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT IN VIETNAM AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION POLICY Dang Bao Ha Centre for Information Analysis National Agency for Science and Technology Information - NASATI 24 Ly Thuong
More informationAGGREGATE DEMAND AND AGGREGATE SUPPLY The Influence of Monetary and Fiscal Policy on Aggregate Demand
AGGREGATE DEMAND AND AGGREGATE SUPPLY The Influence of Monetary and Fiscal Policy on Aggregate Demand Suppose that the economy is undergoing a recession because of a fall in aggregate demand. a. Using
More informationAn Economist s View of Global Trade Flows
Dr. Rebecca Harding CEO rh@equant-analytics.com Dr. Rebecca Harding CEO rh@equant- analytics.com An Economist s View of Global Trade Flows TXF, Trade and Treasury, Frankfurt, 12-13 November 2015 Trade
More informationThe effect of international knowledge-based service trade on employment in China
Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2014, 6(2):274-279 Research Article ISSN : 0975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 The effect of international knowledge-based service
More informationInternational Licensing and Intellectual Property Rights
International Licensing and Intellectual Property Rights Evidence from U.S. Multinational Firms by Walter G. Park (American University) and Doug Lippoldt (OECD) Issue: Do stronger IPRs encourage technology
More information2014 Strategic Research Priorities and R&D Trends in Australia
2014 Strategic Research Priorities and R&D Trends in Australia Leonie Walsh, AIRG President, December 2013 Economic conditions in Australia have remained strong over the past decade as a result of strong
More informationUsing an appropriately labeled money market graph, show the effects of an open market purchase of government securities by the FED on :
Using an appropriately labeled money market graph, show the effects of an open market purchase of government securities by the FED on : The money supply Interest rates Nominal Interest rates i1 i2 Sm1
More informationGROWTH AND PROSPECTS FOR SERVICE SECTOR IN GLOBALIZED ECONOMY: A STUDY OF INDIAN TOURISM INDUSTRY
GROWTH AND PROSPECTS FOR SERVICE SECTOR IN GLOBALIZED ECONOMY: Harini K.V * Indira M** A STUDY OF INDIAN TOURISM INDUSTRY Abstract: The services industry is one of the largest and fastest-growing sectors
More informationEli Lilly. and Company. in Indiana
Economic Eli Lilly Impact of and Company in Indiana The Economic Impact of Eli Lilly and Company on the State of Indiana and the Indianapolis-Carmel Metropolitan Statistical Area June 2009 Prepared by
More informationTHE IMPACT OF R&D EXPENDITURE ON FIRM PERFORMANCE IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY: FURTHER EVIDENCE FROM TURKEY
THE IMPACT OF R&D EXPENDITURE ON FIRM PERFORMANCE IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY: FURTHER EVIDENCE FROM TURKEY Dr.Erkan ÖZTÜRK Sakarya University, Department of Accounting and Taxification, Sakarya, Turkey,
More informationINVITATION OF PROPOSAL
INVITATION OF PROPOSAL for Study on Status and Opportunities for Indian Consulting Industry CONSULTANCY DEVELOPMENT CENTRE (Autonomous Institution of DSIR, Ministry of Science & Technology) 2 nd Floor,
More informationFifty years of Australia s trade
Fifty years of Australia s trade Introduction This edition of Australia s Composition of Trade marks the publication s 50th anniversary. In recognition of this milestone, this article analyses changes
More informationReal vs. Nominal GDP Practice
Name: Real vs. Nominal GDP Practice Period: Real verse Nominal Values Prices in an economy do not stay the same. Over time the price level changes (i.e., there is inflation or deflation). A change in the
More informationAn Analysis of Services Sector in Indian Economy
An Analysis of Services Sector in Indian Economy Mrs. Mukesh Chahal Dept. of Economics, R.K.S.D College, Kaithal, Haryana, India Abstract: Service sector also known as tertiary sector is essential for
More information4. Human Resources by Country
4. Human Resources by Country Each of the six sian countries studied for this re- Figure 19. Bachelor's degrees in S&E in China, by field: 1982-9 NOTE: See table -9. 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988
More informationGlobal Healthcare Management Emerges as a Multinational Business/ Clinical Model
Global Healthcare Management Emerges as a Multinational Business/ Clinical Model 1 Fara Zakery, Ph.D. Charles Sykes, Ph.D. Robert Kamkwalala, Dr. Mgmt. Joyce M. Eisel, Dr. P.H. Harris-Stowe State University,
More information