Pr Amadou Tahirou Diaw LERG- ESP- Cheikh Anta Diop University

Transcription

1 Gap Analysis in Sustainable Adaptation Strategies in DCP Pr Amadou Tahirou Diaw LERG- ESP- Cheikh Anta Diop University OCHA 2013 REGIONAL HUMANITARIAN POLICY FORUM FOR WEST AND CENTRAL AFRICA Dakar 2-3 octobre 2013

2 Presenta(on layout Dimensions of disaster (CC) in West Africa The concept of vulnerability and adapta(on Barriers for adapta(on strategies (examples) Gap analysis (selected issues) RecommendaNons on iden(fied gaps

3 Dimensions of Disasters in West Africa Human impacts and impacts to human beings: development op(ons, irregular land occupa(on (urban crisis), energy, fires, shicing agriculture, urban issues; Responses to disaster (CC): policy op(ons for ac(on, cost of adapta(on op(ons; the constraints on implemen(ng the policies and rules (Conven(ons, opportuni(es) Orsec in Senegal Governance and local parncipanon: ParNcipatory Development and cinzenship, adapta(on and disaster (CC), mi(ga(on by communines, municipal development planning. Governance of disaster combines various needs (responde to what, who is responding?) Disaster is a problem; are we prepared for the future and how to prepare the future for us?

4 What is vulnerability? Who is Vulnerable Confusion about what vulnerability indicators are and which arguments are available for building them. Confusion about the kinds of policy problems to be solved by means of vulnerability indicators. System vulnerability or people vulnerability Methods to assess vulnerability

5 <Methodological> ImplicaNon of gloomy defininon of vulnerability Scien(fic defini(ons provide lizle guidance for designing methodologies for assessing vulnerability. Vulnerability assessment is case dependant, and should not be a general statement.

6 Local Barriers to implementanon adaptanon strategies - Exposure to the Sahel condi(ons; exposure to the Ocean for coastal countries; fragile ecosystems in most countries - Under equipment of Ci(es and rural communes, lack of capacity of local structures - Limited number of experts at the na(onal and local levels; - Low consideranon of climate risk in the planning and conduct of development strategies - Insufficient resources to fund projects and programs against the Disaster (CC) - Plurality of development plans (with a very low level of flexibility and lack of ar(cula(on mechanisms)

7 At local scale: What, Who, Where, When Livelihood or wealth Resources or fluxes Time, scale and sites affected Es(ma(on of the magnitude of disasters (CC) impacts What are the driving forces and triggers? How far back and how much details in the analysis? How complex is the issue (space, communi(es, ins(tu(ons, resources, feedbacks and interfaces).

8 Internal factors : insntunonal capacines Humanitarian intervennons are always a mul( ins(tu(onal tasks Mapping ins(tu(ons (capaci(es, human resources, equipment available) Desk review of past experiences to rely one in case of similar hazards Need to mutualize capaci(es and avoid duplica(on to improve efficiency Uncertainty management: are we risk takers or safe players? Strengthen local organiza(ons

9 Internal factors: Good responses to lousy quesnons (example of flooding) How to take away the water? > Not how to let the water flow naturally? > Improved sanita(on systems? How to build social houses and where? > Not at what price should the social house be leased? > Where to build sustainable houses (site selec(on) How to move flooded populanons? > How to promote sustainable urban development? > Tight and straigh\orward Planning, Zoning, infrastructures development, promo(on of secondary ci(es?

10 Gaps in capacines development Training needs (communi(es specifici(es), how to train communi(es? (workshops or demonstra(on?), hands on or theories? InsNtuNonal empowerment and clear decision boundaries (accountability, custodianship). Knowledge sharing and knowledge management Daily communicanon Networking and advocacy Involvement of vulnerable communi(es

11 Gaps in capacines development Is there any national communication plan on impacts and response to disasters (CC)? Should this national plan be based on good information on adaptation strategies and coping needs? How to disseminate and share knowledge? The issue of research action at community level, the experience of ACCA IDRC. Lack of local cadres of dialogue and ac(on on Disaster (CC) The divorces (Science vs Policy and Policy vs. Community)

12 What type of message Who to communicate the informa(on (end user)? How to communicate hazards extent? Simple maps: loss of informa(on vs. complex maps How to convey magnitude of hazards? Alarmist vs soc How to scope urgency? Harry up or just relax When in advance the informa(on is needed? Readiness and preparedness

13 Hey Watch up!! METEOSAT : 00:15H

14 Oups, Too late!! METEOSAT : 07:00 H

15 Who is accountable? The vulnerable popula(on who did not improve their produc(ve systems? The local administra(on who didn t prevent impact of Environmental change? The technical services who are note innova(ve? The government with no clear policy? OR (the White Horses) Disasters (CC) or globalizanon?

16 Conclusion Complex issue (what are we talking about?) Scrambled strategies (What are we doing) StaNc versus dynamic measures (cf NAPAs) IntegraNon and parncipanon (Who are the actors?) Assessment of stress and vulnerability (magnitude of the problem) Consistency on strategies (How do we intervene) AnNcipaNon, prevennon (preparedness)