ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES. (a) A - liver; 1 B -brain; 1 C - heart; 1 D - lung; 1 E - kidney; 1. (b) (i) E/kidney; 1. (ii) C/heart; 1.
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1 QUESTIONSHEET 1 A - liver; 1 B -brain; 1 C - heart; 1 D - lung; 1 E - kidney; 1 (b) (i) E/kidney; 1 C/heart; 1 (iii) B/brain; 1 (iv) D/lungs; 1 QUESTIONSHEET 2 (i) artery; 1 eye; 1 (iii) stomach; 1 (iv) liver; 1 (v) vein; 1 (vi) alveolus; 1 (vii) testes; 1 (viii) oesophagus/gullet; 1 (ix) ovary; 1 (x) bladder; 1 TOTAL 10
2 QUESTIONSHEET 3 (i) respiration; 1 sensitivity/irritability; 1 (iii) excretion; 1 (iv) reproduction; 1 (b) (i) by eating plants or other animals; 1 green plants make food/sugar/starch; 1 by photosynthesis; 1 QUESTIONSHEET 4 (i) root; 1 flower; 1 (iii) leaf; 1 (iv) anther; 1 (v) stem; 1 (b) (i) cell wall; 1 nucleus; 1
3 QUESTIONSHEET 5 (i) A; 1 B; 1 (b) (i) many chloroplasts/large amount of chlorophyll; 1 large surface area; (c) 3 of: cell wall; cell membrane; cytoplasm; vacuole; nucleus; 3 (d) chloroplast; 1 QUESTIONSHEET 6 1. All human cells have a nucleus. 2. Xylem cells in plants carries water. 3. Chloroplasts are found in cells of the leaf. 4. Chromosomes are found inside chloroplasts. 5. Cell walls are found in all animal cells. 6. An organ is a group of cells with the same structure and function. 7. All cells have a cell membrane. 8. All animal cells contain cytoplasm. 9. Vacuoles are found in most plant and animal cells. 10.Genes are found on chromosomes. TOTAL 5
4 QUESTIONSHEET 7 A - cell membrane; 1 D - cell wall; 1 F - vacoule; 1 (b) (i) cell Y; 1 2 of: presence of cell wall; presence of chloroplasts; presence of vacuole; 2 (c) (i) site of chemical reactions in cell; 1 controls activity of cell; 1 (iii) absorbs light/makes food; 1 QUESTIONSHEET 8 (b) sperm cell; neurone; red blood cell; 3 True All living organisms consist of cells 3 Both animal and plant cells have a cell wall 3; Both animal and plant cells have a cell membrane 3; Both animals and plant cells contain a vacuole 3 All plants cells contain chloroplasts 3 False 4
5 QUESTIONSHEET 9 A - red blood cell; B - nerve cell; C - sperm cell; D - ciliated epithelial cell; E - white blood cell; 5 (b) (i) A; 1 D; 1 (iii) C; 1 (iv) E; 1 (v) B; 1 (vi) A; 1 (vii) B; 1 QUESTIONSHEET 10 TOTAL 12 2 of: cell wall; vacuole; chloroplast; 2 (b) cell membrane; 1 (c) Structure Type of cell Nucleus Vacuole Cytoplasm Red blood cell ; Nerve cell ; ; Root hair cell ; ; ; 6
6 QUESTIONSHEET 11 iodine diffuses into/through visking tubing; which is semi/selectively/differentially permeable; and reacts with iodine; 3 (b) starch is unable to pass through visking tubing; 1 (c) (i) dark blue; 1 iodine diffuses out of tubing; and reacts with starch; 2 (d) volume would increase; 1 QUESTIONSHEET 12 TOTAL 8 (i) B; 1 A; 1 (iii) C; 1 (iv) B; 1 (v) A; 1 (vi) D; 1 (b) tongue; 1 QUESTIONSHEET 13 water moves into visking tubing; from high concentration to low concentration; and forces liquid up the tube; 4 (b) (i) level of water would fall; 1 water passes out of visking tubing; lowering level; sugar solution is unable to enter visking tubing; 3 (c) visking tubing is semi/selectively/differentially permeable/allows water through but not sugar; 1
7 QUESTIONSHEET 14 (i) A - 46; 1 B - 46; 1 (iii) C - 46; 1 (iv) D - 23; 1 (b) (i) A; 1 B; 1 (c) 4 cells produced in type B division/2 cells in type A; cells produced in type B division have 23 chromosomes/cells from type A have 46 chromosomes; 2 (d) genes are found on chromosomes; chromosomes are found in the nucleus; 2 QUESTIONSHEET 15 TOTAL 10 6 correct plots;; plots joined by line; 3 (b) (i) 2% and 4 %; concentration of water is more concentrated 1 outside potato; water passes into cylinder; causing cylinder to swell; 4 (c) 6%; 1 (d) (i) 3/60 x 100; = 5%; 2 water moves from high concentration inside potato; to low concentration outside potato; causing potato cylinder to shrink; 4 TOTAL 15 QUESTIONSHEET 16
8 (b) red blood cells have no nucleus; therefore no chromosomes and no DNA; 2 sperm cells are formed by meiosis; in which chromosome number is halved/have only 23 chromosomes; therefore DNA content is halved; 3 (c) (i) 800; 1 400; 1 QUESTIONSHEET 17 (i) 20 mm; 1 55mm; 1 (b) 3.5 mm per minute; 1 (c) rate slowed; 1 (d) water passes into visking tubing; and forces water up the glass tube; 3 QUESTIONSHEET 18 arrow from B to A; 1 (b) osmosis; 1 (c) Diffusion Active transport Requires energy 8 3 Molecules always move from a high concentration to a lower concentration 3; 8; Molecules can move from a lower to a higher concentration, against the concentration gradient 8; 3; 4 TOTAL 6
9 QUESTIONSHEET 19 (b) water enters red blood cell; from high concentration to low concentration; red blood cells have no cell wall so burst; 4 water enters plant cells; due to their cell wall they do not burst; 3 QUESTIONSHEET 20 lungs; 1 (b) inside alveolus; 1 (c) in blood plasma; 1 (d) (e) oxygen dissolves in film of moisture; diffuses through alveolar and capillary walls; into red blood cells; 3 3 of: large surface area; thin wall; moist/film of moisture; well supplied with blood capillaries/good blood supply; 3
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