Draft ETSI EN V2.0.0 ( )
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1 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) HARMONISED EUROPEAN STANDARD Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Radiocommunications equipment operating in the MHz to MHz frequency band; Harmonised Standard covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of Directive 2014/53/EU
2 2 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) Reference REN/ERM-TG Keywords harmonised standard, ITS, radio, regulation, transport 650 Route des Lucioles F Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: Fax: Siret N NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice The present document can be downloaded from: The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of. In case of any existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the only prevailing document is the print of the Portable Document Format (PDF) version kept on a specific network drive within Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other documents is available at If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of. The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute All rights reserved. DECT TM, PLUGTESTS TM, UMTS TM and the logo are Trade Marks of registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPP TM and LTE are Trade Marks of registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
3 3 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) Contents Intellectual Property Rights... 7 Foreword... 7 Modal verbs terminology Scope References Normative references Informative references Definitions, symbols and abbreviations Definitions Symbols Abbreviations Technical requirements specifications Environmental profile Conformance requirements Transmitter frequency stability Definition Limits Conformance RF output power Definition Limits Conformance Power spectral density Definition Limits Conformance Transmit power control Definition Limits Conformance Transmitter unwanted emissions Transmitter unwanted emissions outside the 5 GHz ITS frequency band Definition Limits Conformance Transmitter spectrum mask within the 5 GHz ITS frequency band for 10 MHz channels Definition Limits Conformance Receiver spurious emissions Definition Limits Conformance Receiver selectivity Definition Limits Conformance Receiver sensitivity Definition Limits Conformance Interference mitigation for CEN DSRC and HDR DSRC in the frequency band MHz to MHz Definition Limits... 17
4 4 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) Conformance Decentralized congestion control Definition Limits Conformance Testing for compliance with technical requirements Environmental conditions for testing Interpretation of measurement results Essential radio test suites Product information Transmitter frequency stability Test purpose Test applicability Test description Initial conditions Conducted measurement Radiated measurement Test requirements RF output power, power spectral density and transmit power control Test purpose Test applicability Test description Initial conditions Conducted measurement Radiated measurement Test requirements Transmitter unwanted emissions outside the 5 GHz ITS frequency band Test purpose Test applicability Test description Initial conditions Conducted measurement Radiated measurement Test requirements Transmitter spectrum mask within the 5 GHz ITS frequency band for 10 MHz channel spacing Test Purpose Test applicability Test description Initial conditions Conducted measurement Radiated measurement Test requirements Receiver spurious emissions Test Purpose Test applicability Test description Initial conditions Conducted measurement Radiated measurement Test requirement Receiver selectivity Test purpose Test applicability Test description Initial conditions Conducted measurement Radiated measurement Test requirement Receiver sensitivity Test purpose Test applicability... 28
5 5 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) Test description Initial conditions Conducted measurement Radiated measurement Test requirement CEN DSRC and HDR DSRC protection Test Purpose Test applicability Test description Initial conditions Measurement of RF output power, unwanted emissions, and transmit duty cycle in coexistence mode Test requirements CEN DSRC and HDR DSRC detection Test Purpose Initial conditions Test of detecting CEN DSRC and HDR DSRC transmissions Test purpose Test applicability Test description Test requirements Annex A (normative): Relationship between the present document and the essential requirements of Directive 2014/53/EU Annex B (normative): Test sites and arrangements for radiated measurements B.1 Test sites B.1.1 Open air test sites B.1.2 Anechoic chamber B General B Description B Influence of parasitic reflections B Calibration and mode of use B.2 Test antenna B.3 Substitution antenna Annex C (normative): General description of measurement C.1 Introduction C.2 Conducted measurements C.3 Radiated measurements C.4 Substitution measurement Annex D (informative): Guidance on declaring the environmental profile D.1 Recommended environmental profile D.2 Temperatures D.2.1 Introduction D.2.2 Normal environmental conditions D.2.3 Extreme environmental conditions D.3 Test power source D.3.1 Introduction D.3.2 Normal test power source D AC mains voltage D Regulated lead-acid battery power sources used on vehicles D Other power sources D.3.3 Extreme test source voltages D AC mains voltage... 41
6 6 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) D Regulated lead-acid battery power sources used on vehicles D Power sources using other types of batteries D Other power sources D.3.4 Procedure for equipment designed for continuous transmission D.3.5 Procedure for equipment designed for intermittent transmission Annex E (informative): Bibliography Annex F (informative): Change History History... 45
7 7 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for members and non-members, and can be found in SR : "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to in respect of standards", which is available from the Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the Web server ( Pursuant to the IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in SR (or the updates on the Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This draft Harmonised European Standard (EN) has been produced by Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM), and is now submitted for the combined Public Enquiry and Vote phase of the standards EN Approval Procedure. The present document has been prepared under the Commission's standardisation request C(2015) 5376 final [i.5] to provide one voluntary means of conforming to the essential requirements of Directive 2014/53/EU on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of radio equipment and repealing Directive 1999/5/EC [i.4]. Once the present document is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive, compliance with the normative clauses of the present document given in table A.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of the present document, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements of that Directive, and associated EFTA regulations. Proposed national transposition dates Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): Date of latest publication of new National Standard or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 3 months after publication 6 months after doa Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 12 June 2017 Modal verbs terminology In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions). "must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in deliverables except when used in direct citation.
8 8 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) 1 Scope The present document applies to radio transmitters and receivers for Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) operating in the frequency range GHz to GHz. The spectrum usage conditions are set out in ECC Decision (08)01 [i.1] for the frequency range GHz to GHz and in ECC Recommendation (08)01 [i.2] for the frequency range GHz to GHz. The Commission Decision 2008/671/EC [i.3] mandates a harmonised use of the frequency band GHz to GHz dedicated to safety-related applications of ITS throughout the member states of the European Union. Table 1 outlines the 5 GHz ITS frequency band segmentation. Table 1: 5 GHz ITS frequency band segmentation Frequency band Frequency range Usage Regulation ITS-G5B MHz to MHz ITS non-safety applications ECC Recommendation (08)01 [i.2] ITS-G5A MHz to MHz ITS road safety Commission Decision 2008/671/EC [i.3], ECC Decision (08)01 [i.1] ITS-G5D MHz to MHz Future ITS applications ECC Decision (08)01 [i.1] The present document contains requirements to demonstrate that radio equipment both effectively uses and supports the efficient use of radio spectrum in order to avoid harmful interference. Interference mitigation techniques in the present document are provided to protect road tolling applications using CEN DSRC or HDR DSRC. 2 References 2.1 Normative references References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, cannot guarantee their long term validity. The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document. [1] TS (V1.2.1) ( ): "Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Mitigation techniques to avoid interference between European CEN Dedicated Short Range Communication (CEN DSRC) equipment and Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) operating in the 5 GHz frequency range". [2] EN (V1.3.2) ( ): "Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Vehicular Communications; Basic Set of Applications; Part 2: Specification of Cooperative Awareness Basic Service". [3] Void. [4] CISPR 16 (parts 1-1 (2015), 1-4 (2010) and 1-5 (2014)): "Specifications for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods; Part 1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus". [5] TS (V1.1.1) ( ): "Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Decentralized Congestion Control Mechanisms for Intelligent Transport Systems operating in the 5 GHz range; Access layer part". [6] TS (V1.1.1) ( ): "Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Cross Layer DCC Management Entity for operation in the ITS G5A and ITS G5B medium".
9 9 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) [7] CEN EN 12253:2004: "Road transport and traffic telematics - Dedicated short-range communication - Physical layer using microwave at 5,8 GHz". [8] ES (V2.4.1) ( ): "Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT); Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC); Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods for High Data Rate (HDR) data transmission equipment operating in the 5,8 GHz Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band". [9] TS (V1.1.1) ( ): "Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Test specifications for the channel congestion control algorithms operating in the 5,9 GHz range; Part 1: Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement (PICS)". [10] TS (V1.1.1) ( ): "Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Test specifications for the channel congestion control algorithms operating in the 5,9 GHz range; Part 2: Test Suite Structure and Test Purposes (TSS & TP)". [11] TS (V1.1.1) ( ): "Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Test specifications for the channel congestion control algorithms operating in the 5,9 GHz range; Part 3: Abstract Test Suite (ATS) and partial Protocol Implementation extra Information for Testing (PIXIT)". [12] IEEE : "IEEE Standard for Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between systems - Local and metropolitan area networks - Specific requirements - Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications". 2.2 Informative references References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, cannot guarantee their long term validity. The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. [i.1] ECC Decision (08)01: "ECC Decision of 14 March 2008 on the harmonised use of the frequency band for Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)", approved 14 March 2008 and amended 3 July [i.2] [i.3] [i.4] [i.5] [i.6] [i.7] ECC Recommendation (08)01:"Use of band MHz for Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)," approved 21 February 2008 and amended 3 July Commission Decision 2008/671/EC of 5 August on the harmonised use of radio spectrum in the MHz frequency band for safety related application of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). Directive 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of radio equipment and repealing Directive 1999/5/EC. Commission Implementing Decision C(2015) 5376 final of on a standardisation request to the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation and to the European Telecommunications Standards Institute as regards radio equipment in support of Directive 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council. TR (all parts) (V1.4.1) ( ): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics". TR (V1.4.1) ( ): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics; Part 2".
10 10 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in Directive 2014/53/EU [i.4] and the following apply: 5 GHz ITS frequency band: frequency bands ITS-G5A, ITS-G5B and ITS-G5D as outlined in Table 1 dedicated antenna: removable antenna supplied and tested with the radio equipment, designed as an indispensable part of the equipment NOTE: The dedicated antenna has been designed or developed for one or more specific types of equipment. It is the combination of dedicated antenna and radio equipment that is expected to be compliant with the regulations. duty cycle: defined as the ratio, expressed as a percentage of the maximum transmitter "on" time on one carrier frequency, relative to a second period integral antenna: antenna designed as a fixed part of the equipment, without the use of an external connector and as such which cannot be disconnected from the equipment by the user NOTE: An integral antenna may be fitted internally or externally. protected status: status of a CEN DSRC or a HDR DSRC station that is eligible to deploy a roadside unit certificate to sign a protected zone CAM or/and is included in the official protected zone database radiated measurements: measurements which involve the absolute measurement of a radiated field vehicle: all kinds of land mobile vehicle EXAMPLE: 3.2 Symbols Road vehicle and rail vehicle. For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: db decibel dbi antenna gain relative to isotropic radiator in decibel dbc decibel relative to carrier power E electrical field strength f frequency f c nominal centre frequency G antenna gain P H highest power level P L lowest power level R distance T max maximum temperature T min minimum temperature T off minimum time between two transmissions T on maximum duration of a transmission V max maximum voltage V min minimum voltage V nominal nominal voltage Ω ohm µs microsecond
11 11 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) 3.3 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: AC Alternative Current BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying CAM Cooperative Awareness Message CBR Channel Busy Ratio CCH Control Channel CEN Comité Européen de Normalisation (European Committee for Standardization) CISPR Comité International Spécial des Perturbations Radioélectriques (International Special Committee on Radio Interference) DC Direct Current DCC Decentralized Congestion Control DSRC Dedicated Short Range Communication (CEN DRSC = tolling at 5,8 GHz) DUT Device Under Test e.i.r.p. equivalent isotropically radiated power e.r.p. effective radiated power EC European Commission ECC Electronic Communication Committee EMC ElectroMagnetic Compatibility HDR High Data Rate HS Harmonised Standard ITS Intelligent Transport Systems LP Linear Polarized OOB Out-Of-Band PD mean Power Density PER Packet Error Rate ppm parts per million = 10-6 PSD Power Spectral Density QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying RF Radio Frequency RMS Root Mean Square TPC Transmit Power Control VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio 4 Technical requirements specifications 4.1 Environmental profile The technical requirements of the present document apply under the environmental profile for operation of the equipment, which shall be stated by the manufacturer. The equipment shall comply with all the technical requirements of the present document at all times when operating within the boundary limits of the stated operational environmental profile. Recommended environmental profile parameters are summarized in Annex D. 4.2 Conformance requirements Transmitter frequency stability Definition The equipment is required to operate on the applicable specific carrier centre frequencies that correspond to the nominal carrier frequencies, f c, as defined in Table 2.
12 12 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) Table 2: Nominal carrier frequency allocations Channel name Carrier centre frequency f c, (MHz) Maximum channel bandwidth (MHz) G5-SCH G5-SCH G5-SCH G5-SCH G5-CCH G5-SCH G5-SCH The frequency channels together with the channel names contained in the three different frequency bands are depicted in Figure Limits Figure 1: An overview of the three different frequency bands together with the channel names in each frequency band The actual carrier centre frequency for any given channel given in Table 2 shall be maintained within the range f c ± 20 ppm Conformance Conformance tests as defined in Clause shall be carried out RF output power Definition The radio frequency (RF) output power is the mean equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) during transmission bursts Limits The maximum RF output power shall not exceed 33 dbm e.i.r.p Conformance Conformance tests as defined in Clause shall be carried out.
13 13 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) Power spectral density Definition The power spectral density (PSD) is the mean e.i.r.p. spectral density during transmission bursts Limits The maximum power spectral density shall not exceed 23 dbm/mhz e.i.r.p Conformance Conformance tests as defined in Clause shall be carried out Transmit power control Definition Transmit power control (TPC) is a mechanism to be used to ensure co-existence with CEN DSRC at toll plazas and to be used as one mechanism by decentralized congestion control (DCC) to reduce the congestion on the communication channel Limits The TPC range shall at least be 3 dbm up to the maximum specified RF output power e.i.r.p of the equipment Conformance Conformance test according to Clause shall be carried out Transmitter unwanted emissions Transmitter unwanted emissions outside the 5 GHz ITS frequency band Definition These are radio frequency emissions outside the 5 GHz ITS frequency band (outside of MHz to MHz) Limits In Table 3 and Table 4, transmitter unwanted emission limits in the spurious domain below 1 GHz and above 1 GHz are tabulated, respectively. Table 3: Transmitter unwanted emission limits in the spurious domain below 1 GHz Frequency range Maximum power, (e.r.p.) (dbm) Reference bandwidth 30 MHz f < 1 GHz khz Table 4: Transmitter unwanted emissions in the spurious domain above 1 GHz Frequency range Maximum power, (e.i.r.p.) (dbm) Bandwidth 1 GHz to 5,795 GHz -30 dbm 1 MHz 5,950 GHz to 18 GHz -30 dbm 1 MHz In Table 5, transmitter unwanted emission limits in the out-of-band domain of the 5 GHz ITS frequency band. The out-of-band domain is defined as ±250 % of the channel bandwidth, and then the out-of-band (OOB) domain for the 5 GHz ITS frequency band is 5,830 GHz to 5,855 GHz at the lower part and 5,925 GHz to 5,950 GHz at the higher part of the frequency band. However, the out-of-band domain is larger for the 5 GHz ITS frequency band and is including parts of the spurious domain, see Table 5 and Figure 2.
14 14 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) Table 5: Transmitter unwanted emission limits in the out-of-band domain of the 5 GHz ITS frequency band Frequency range Maximum power, (e.i.r.p.) (dbm) Reference bandwidth 5,795 GHz to 5,815 GHz see Clause MHz 5,815 GHz to 5,855 GHz MHz 5,925 GHz to 5,950 GHz MHz In Figure 2, the transmitter unwanted emission limits are depicted for the 5 GHz ITS frequency band (ITS-G5A, ITS- G5B, and ITS-G5D frequency bands). Figure 2: Transmitter unwanted emission limits for the 5 GHz ITS frequency band Conformance Conformance tests as defined in Clause shall be carried out Transmitter spectrum mask within the 5 GHz ITS frequency band for 10 MHz channels Definition Transmitter spectrum mask within the 5 GHz ITS frequency band for 10 MHz channels Limits The mean levels of the transmitted spectrum within the 5 GHz ITS frequency band shall not exceed the limits given in Table 6. Power Spectral Density at the carrier centre frequency f c (dbm/100 khz) Table 6: Transmitter spectrum mask for 10 MHz channel bandwidth ± 4,5 MHz offset (dbm/100 khz) ± 5,0 MHz offset (dbm/100 khz) ± 5,5 MHz offset (dbm/100 khz) ± 10 MHz offset (dbm/100 khz) ± 15 MHz offset (dbm/100 khz) It has to be noted that the spectrum mask is only applicable within MHz to MHz. Below MHz and above MHz the requirements in Clause apply Conformance Conformance tests as defined in Clause shall be carried out Receiver spurious emissions Definition Receiver spurious emissions are emissions at any frequency when the equipment is in receive mode.
15 15 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) Limits The spurious emissions of the receiver shall not exceed the limits given in Table 7. Table 7: Spurious radiated emission limits Frequency range Maximum power Measurement bandwidth Special requirement 30 MHz f < 1 GHz -57 dbm (e.r.p.) 100 khz n/a 1 GHz f 5,795 GHz -47 dbm (e.i.r.p.) 1 MHz n/a 5,795 GHz f 5,815 GHz -60 dbm (e.i.r.p.) 1 MHz Applicable for an intended antenna installation 2 meters above the ground level. Applicable for an intended -65 dbm (e.i.r.p.) 1 MHz antenna installation > 2 meters above the ground level. 5,815 GHz f 18 GHz -47 dbm (e.i.r.p.) 1 MHz n/a Conformance Conformance tests as defined in Clause shall be carried out Receiver selectivity Definition Receiver selectivity is a measure of the receiver's ability to discriminate between wanted signal to which the receiver is tuned to and unwanted signals stemming from other frequency bands. Receiver selectivity herein is comprised of: i) adjacent channel rejection; ii) iii) alternate channel rejection; and blocking. The adjacent channel rejection is a measure of the capability of the receiver to operate satisfactorily in the presence of a signal in the adjacent channel, which differs in frequency from the wanted signal by ± 10 MHz. The alternate channel rejection is a measure of the capability of the receiver to operate satisfactorily in the presence of a signal in the alternate adjacent channel, which differs in frequency from the wanted signal by ± 20 MHz. Blocking is a measure of the capability of the receiver to operate satisfactorily in the presence of a signal in frequency band further away and it shall be tested at ± 50 MHz, ± 100 MHz, and ± 200 MHz. Blocking testing shall be performed at least at 6 different frequency offset positions. The manufacturer of the equipment can add additional frequency offsets positions. The manufacturer of the equipment shall declare the most sensitive modulation scheme that the equipment is intended to operate with and declared modulation scheme shall be used for all receiver selectivity tests in Clause Limits The limits for the receiver selectivity parameters under specified conditions shall be equal to or greater than the limits in Table 8.
16 16 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) Table 8: Limits for receiver adjacent channel rejection, alternate adjacent channel rejection, and blocking Modulation Coding rate Adjacent channel rejection (db) Alternate adjacent channel rejection (db) BPSK 1/ BPSK 3/ QPSK 1/ QPSK 3/ QAM 1/ QAM 3/ QAM 2/ QAM 3/ NOTE: Table 8 contains the same values for adjacent channel rejection and alternate adjacent channel rejection as specified in Table in IEEE [12]. Blocking is not addressed in IEEE [12]. The blocking level shall not be less than -30 dbm Conformance Conformance tests as defined in Clause shall be carried out Receiver sensitivity Definition The receiver sensitivity is defined as the minimum receive signal level at the antenna connector required for a given packet error rate and modulation scheme (noise factor of 10 db and 5 db implementation margins are assumed) Limits The receiver sensitivity shall be less or equal to the values given in Table 9 for a packet error rate (PER) of 10-1 for octet frames assuming stationary, non-fading channel conditions. Table 9: Receiver sensitivity Modulation Coding rate Minimum sensitivity for 10 MHz channel spacing (dbm) BPSK 1/2 85 BPSK 3/4 84 QPSK 1/2 82 QPSK 3/ QAM 1/ QAM 3/ QAM 2/ QAM 3/4 68 NOTE: Table 9 contains the same values for minimum sensitivity as specified in Table in IEEE [12] Conformance Conformance tests as defined in Clause shall be carried out.
17 17 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) Interference mitigation for CEN DSRC and HDR DSRC in the frequency band MHz to MHz Definition To protect operation of electronic toll collection in the frequency band MHz to MHz from harmful interference, mitigation techniques have to be implemented as defined in TS [1]. Different co-existence modes to protect CEN DSRC and HDR DSRC are defined in TS [1]. If the equipment is continuously operating in co-existence mode A or co-existence mode B no further interference mitigation technique is needed, see TS [1], Table 5.3. Simplified mitigation technique is allowed with fixed installed equipment fulfilling restrictions defined in TS [1], Clause Limits The limits provided in TS [1], Table 5.3, shall not be exceeded. The limits provided in TS [1], Clause 5.2.5, shall not be exceeded. The limits provided in TS [1], Clause 5.2.5, are referring to a circular polarized antenna. For a linear polarized antenna subtract 3 db to the values in TS [1], Clause Conformance Conformance tests as defined in Clause and Clause shall be carried out. Equipment not continuously operating in co-existence mode A or co-existence mode B shall be capable of receiving a cooperative awareness message (CAM) as defined in EN [2], to decode the protected zone information and to mitigate as defined in TS [1], Clause One or both methods to detect road toll protected zones shall be implemented: a) Protected zone database, see TS [1], Clause b) Short-range RF detector, see TS [1], Clause When using a short-range RF detector (b) also protected zone information in received CAMs from surrounding ITS stations equipped with short-range RF detector shall be considered, see TS [1], Clause An equipment shall enter a co-existence mode as outlined in TS [1], Table 5.3, when the equipment enters a protected zone, see TS [1], Clause 5.1. Personal equipment have special requirements defined in TS [1], Clause Decentralized congestion control Definition Decentralized congestion control (DCC) is a mandatory mechanism to be used by the equipment to ensure that the radio channel is not congested by too many transmissions within a certain geographical range. The mechanism is such that the equipment adapts its transmission behaviour dynamically based on how occupied the channel is at the moment Limits The channel busy time is used for determining the transmission behaviour. The determination of channel busy time for the equipment shall be as outlined in TS [5], Clause A.1. Any other equivalent mechanism may be used providing channel busy times with a deviation of ± 3 % compared to what is outlined in TS [5], Clause A.1. The values provided in Table 10, shall not be exceeded.
18 18 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) Table 10: Limits for determining the channel busy time Parameters Value Description T p 8 μs Probing time T m 100 ms Measuring interval S Signal strength threshold for determining when th -85 dbm the channel is busy or not. Np Number of probes during the measuring interval T m. Requirements on the DCC method below a CBR value of < 62 % is outlined in Table 11. The values in Table 11 shall not be exceeded. Table 11: Limits for the maximum utilization of the channel given CBR < 62% Parameters Value Description A T T on 4 ms on of 4 ms corresponds to transmitting a packet of length bytes at a transfer rate of 3 Mbit/s. T off 25 ms A T off of 25 ms corresponds to 40 Hz. duty cycle 3 % The duty cycle is defined as the ratio, expressed as a percentage of the maximum transmitter "on" time (Σ T on ) on one carrier frequency, relative to a one second period Frame body The Frame Body field in IEEE [12], Figure 8-1, byte shall not exceed bytes. Requirements on the DCC method when the channel busy time is 62 % are provided by the limit function defined in TS [6], Equation 1 in Clause 7.2, and the limits are outlined in Table 12. Table 12: Parameters for the maximum utilization of the channel given CBR 62 % Parameters Value Description C TH 0,6 The congestion threshold. C W 1 The weight factor Conformance Conformance tests as defined in TS [9], TS [10] and TS [11] shall be carried out. 5 Testing for compliance with technical requirements 5.1 Environmental conditions for testing Tests defined in the present document shall be carried out at representative points within the boundary limits of the declared operational environmental profile. Where technical performance varies subject to environmental conditions, tests shall be carried out under a sufficient variety of environmental conditions (within the boundary limits of the declared operational environmental profile) to give confidence of compliance for the affected technical requirements. Recommended environmental profile parameters are summarized in Annex D. 5.2 Interpretation of measurement results The interpretation of the results recorded in a test report for the measurements described in the present document shall be as follows: the measured value related to the corresponding limit shall be used to decide whether an equipment meets the requirements of the present document;
19 19 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) the value of the measurement uncertainty for the measurement of each parameter shall be included in the test report; the recorded value of the measurement uncertainty shall be, for each measurement, equal to or less than the figures in Table 13. For the test methods, according to the present document, the measurement uncertainty figures shall be calculated and shall correspond to an expansion factor (coverage factor) k = 1,96 or k = 2 (which provide confidence levels of respectively 95 % and 95,45 % in the case where the distributions characterizing the actual measurement uncertainties are normal (Gaussian)). Principles for the calculation of measurement uncertainty are contained in TR [i.6], in particular in Annex D of TR [i.7]. Table 13 is based on such expansion factors. Table 13: Maximum measurement uncertainty Parameter Uncertainty RF frequency ± 10 ppm RF power conducted ± 1,5 db RF power radiated ± 6 db Humidity ± 5 % Temperature ± 1 C 5.3 Essential radio test suites Product information The following information shall be declared by the manufacturer in order to carry out the test suites. This information shall be included in the test report. the type of modulation used; the operating nominal carrier frequency range(s) of the equipment; the type of the equipment: integral antenna or dedicated antenna; the extreme operating conditions that apply to the equipment; the intended combination(s) of the radio equipment power settings and one or more antenna assemblies and their corresponding e.i.r.p. spectral density levels; the nominal operating voltages of the radio equipment or the nominal voltages of the host equipment (e.g. a vehicle or roadside equipment); test modulation used in detail Transmitter frequency stability Test purpose To verify the required device under test's (DUT) transmitter frequency stability according to Clause Test applicability This test applies to all types of DUT. For DUTs with antenna connector(s) towards dedicated external antenna(s), or for DUTs with integral antenna(s) but providing a temporary antenna connector, conducted test procedure shall be used. For DUTs with integral antenna(s) only, radiated test procedure shall be used.
20 20 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) Test description Initial conditions This test shall be performed for all nominal carrier frequencies according to Table 2 supported by the DUT. The measurement is performed with the DUT in normal operation at maximum output power Conducted measurement The test procedure shall be as follow: Step 1: Connect the DUT transmitter output to the test setup and activate normal operation at the test centre frequency of interest Step 2: Measure and record the DUT transmitter output carrier frequency The measurement can be conducted as follows: i) connect the DUT to a spectrum analyser; ii) iii) iv) select Max Hold; adjust centre frequency to the same as the DUT; measure and record peak value of the power envelope; v) reduce span and move marker in positive frequency increment until the upper (relative to the centre frequency) -10 dbc point is reached; vi) denote this value f1; vii) move marker in negative frequency increment until the lower (relative to the centre frequency) -10 dbc point is reached; viii) denote this value as f2; and ix) calculate centre frequency as (f1 + f2) / Radiated measurement The test set up as described in annex B shall be used with a spectrum analyser (or alternative measurement instrument) attached to the test antenna. The test procedure is as described under Clause Test requirements The measured carrier centre frequencies fc shall be within the range fc ± 20 ppm, i.e. within the limits according to Clause , including the measurement uncertainty according to Table RF output power, power spectral density and transmit power control Test purpose To verify the DUT transmitter RF output power accuracy, transmit power control capability and the power spectral density.
21 21 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) Test applicability This test applies to all types of DUT. For DUTs with antenna connector(s) towards dedicated external antenna(s), or for DUTs with integral antenna(s) but providing a temporary antenna connector, conducted test procedure shall be used. For DUTs with integral antenna(s) only, radiated test procedure shall be used Test description Initial conditions This test shall be performed for all nominal carrier frequencies according to Table 2 supported by the DUT. The measurement is performed with the DUT in normal operation at requested output power Conducted measurement RF output power The test procedure shall be as follow: Step 1: Connect the DUT transmitter output to the test setup and activate normal operation at the highest output power level. Step 2: Measure the duty cycle x of the DUT transmitter. The observed duty cycle of the transmitter (T on / (T on + T off )) shall be noted as x (0 < x 1), and shall be recorded in the test report. Step 3: Measure DUT transmitter output power. Step 4: The observed value shall be noted as A (in dbm) 1. - The e.i.r.p. shall be calculated from the measured output power A (in dbm), the observed duty cycle x, with the stated antenna gain G in dbi and the cable and connector losses L in db, according to P(e.i.r.p.) = A + L + G + 10 log (1 / x) (dbm). If more than one antenna assembly is intended for this power setting, the gain of the antenna assembly with the highest gain shall be used. Step 5: P(e.i.r.p.) shall be recorded in the test report as highest output power level P H Power spectral density The test procedure shall be as follow: Step 1: Connect the DUT transmitter output to the test setup and activate normal operation at highest output power level. The minimum transmitter on-time shall be 10 μs.
22 22 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) Step 2: Measure the power spectral density D. The mean power density e.i.r.p. is calculated from the measured power density (D), the observed duty cycle x (see Clause step 2), and the applicable antenna assembly gain G in dbi, according to the formula below. If more than one antenna assembly is intended for this power setting, the gain of the antenna assembly with the highest gain shall be used: - PD = D + G + 10 log (1 / x); - PD (dbm/mhz) shall be recorded in the test report Transmit power control The test procedure shall be as follow: Step 1: Connect the DUT transmitter output to the test setup and activate normal operation at its minimum TPC output power P M, with P M 3 dbm e.i.r.p. according to Clause Step 2: Measure the duty cycle x of the DUT transmitter. The observed duty cycle of the transmitter (T on / (T on + T off )) shall be noted as x (0 < x 1), and shall be recorded in the test report. Step 3: Measure DUT transmitter output power. Step 4: The observed value shall be noted as A (in dbm). - The e.i.r.p. shall be calculated from the measured output power A (in dbm), the observed duty cycle x, with the stated antenna gain G in dbi and the cable and connector losses L in db, according to P(e.i.r.p.) = A + L + G + 10 log (1 / x) (dbm). If more than one antenna assembly is intended for this power setting, the gain of the antenna assembly with the highest gain shall be used. Step 5: P(e.i.r.p.) shall be recorded in the test report as lowest output power level P L. Step 6: Increase the current DUT transmit power P T by 1 db. If P T < P H repeat step 2 to step 4, else the test is completed. Step 7: P(e.i.r.p.) shall be recorded in the test report as TPC output power level. Continue with step Radiated measurement In the case of radiated measurements, using a test site as described in Annex B and applicable measurement procedures as described in Annex C, the power spectral density as defined shall be measured and recorded. The test procedure is as described under Clause
23 23 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) Test requirements The measured RF output power shall meet the limits specified in Clause , the PSD shall meet the limits specified in Clause , and the TPC shall meet the limits specified in Clause Transmitter unwanted emissions outside the 5 GHz ITS frequency band Test purpose To verify the DUT transmitter unwanted emissions outside the 5 GHz ITS frequency band Test applicability This test applies to all types of DUT. For DUT without an integral antenna and for a DUT with an integral antenna but with a temporary antenna connector, one of the following options shall be used: a) the level of unwanted emissions shall be measured as their power in a specified load (conducted unwanted emissions) and their radiated power when radiated by the cabinet or structure of the DUT with the antenna connector terminated by a specified load (cabinet radiation); or b) the level of unwanted emissions shall be measured as their radiated power when radiated by cabinet and antenna. In the case where the DUT has an integral antenna, but no temporary antenna connector, only radiated measurements shall be used Test description Initial conditions This test shall be performed for all nominal carrier frequencies according to Table 2 supported by the DUT. The measurement is performed with the DUT in normal operation at maximum output power Conducted measurement The test procedure shall be as follow: Step 1: Connect the DUT transmitter output to the test setup and activate normal operation at maximum output power Step 2: Initially the power level shall be measured in the ranges: Step 3: - 30 MHz to MHz; - with a resolution bandwidth of 1 MHz. If any measurement is greater than the limit of -36 dbm then measurements shall be taken with a resolution bandwidth of 100 khz, at the 11 frequencies spaced 100 khz apart in a band ±0,5 MHz centred on the failing frequency. EXAMPLE: A DUT fails at 495 MHz. Measurements are made in a 100 khz bandwidth on 494,5 MHz; 494,6 MHz; 494,7 MHz; etc. up to 495,5 MHz.
24 24 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) Step 4: The power level shall be measured in the ranges: - 1 GHz to 5,855 GHz; - 5,925 GHz to 18 GHz; The spectrum analyser can have the following settings: i) Sensitivity: at least 6 db below the limits given in Tables 4 and 5. ii) iii) iv) The resolution bandwidth of the measuring receiver may be equal to the reference bandwidth as given in Clause for measurements above 1 GHz. To improve measurement accuracy, sensitivity and efficiency, the resolution bandwidth can be different from the reference bandwidth. When the resolution bandwidth is smaller than the reference bandwidth, the result should be integrated over the reference bandwidth. When the resolution bandwidth is greater than the reference bandwidth, the result for broadband spurious emissions should be normalized to the bandwidth ratio. For discrete spurious, normalization is not applicable, while integration over the reference bandwidth is still applicable. The bandwidth used in this measurement for each spurious emission can be sufficiently narrow to reject emissions in any contiguous channels centred on the channel on which the transmitter is intended to operate. Video bandwidth, not less than the resolution bandwidth. Video averaging on, or peak hold. v) The video signal of the spectrum analyser is "gated" such that the spectrum measured shall be measured between 4,0 μs before the start of the burst to 4,0 μs after the end of the burst. The "start of the burst" is the centre of the first sample of the preamble heading the burst. The "end of the burst" is the centre of the last sample in the burst Radiated measurement The test set up as described in annex B shall be used with a spectrum analyser (or alternative measurement instrument) attached to the measurement antenna. The measurements shall be conducted using a quasi-peak detector for frequencies below 1 GHz and a positive peak detector on frequencies of 1 GHz and above. The test procedure is as described under Clause Test requirements The measured unwanted emissions shall meet the limits according to Clause Transmitter spectrum mask within the 5 GHz ITS frequency band for 10 MHz channel spacing Test Purpose To verify the DUT transmitter unwanted emissions within the 5 GHz ITS frequency band Test applicability This test applies to all types of DUT. For DUT without an integral antenna and for a DUT with an integral antenna but with a temporary antenna connector, one of the following options shall be used: a) the level of unwanted emissions shall be measured as their power in a specified load (conducted unwanted emissions) and their radiated power when radiated by the cabinet or structure of the DUT with the antenna connector terminated by a specified load (cabinet radiation); or b) the level of unwanted emissions shall be measured as their radiated power when radiated by cabinet and antenna.
25 25 Draft EN V2.0.0 ( ) In the case where the DUT has an integral antenna, but no temporary antenna connector, only radiated measurements shall be used Test description Initial conditions This test shall be performed for all nominal carrier frequencies according to Table 2 supported by the DUT. The measurement is performed with the DUT in normal operation at maximum output power Conducted measurement The test procedure shall be as follow: Step 1: Connect the DUT transmitter output to the test setup and activate normal operation at maximum output power Step 2: Measure the average power in the transmission bandwidth (f c ± 4,5 MHz) using a resolution bandwidth of 100 khz. This shall be recorded as the "Power Spectral Density at the carrier centre frequency f c " according to Table 6. Step 3: Measure the power level in the range of f c ± 15 MHz with a resolution bandwidth of 100 khz and record these values. The video signal of the spectrum analyser can be "gated" such that the spectrum measured is measured 4,0 μs before the start of the burst to 4,0 μs after the end of the burst. The "start of the burst" can be the centre of the first sample of the preamble heading the burst. The "end of the burst" can be the centre of the last sample in the burst Radiated measurement The test set up as described in Annex B shall be used with a spectrum analyser (or alternative measurement instrument) attached to the test antenna. The test procedure is as described under Clause Test requirements The measured unwanted emissions shall meet the limits according to Clause Receiver spurious emissions Test Purpose To verify the DUT receiver spurious emissions Test applicability This test applies to all types of DUT. For DUTs with antenna connector(s) towards dedicated external antenna(s), or for DUTs with integral antenna(s) but providing a temporary antenna connector, conducted test procedure shall be used. For DUTs with integral antenna(s) only, radiated test procedure shall be used.
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