Investment Viability for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Projects and Good Case Examples Energy Efficiency Forum Astana, September 2010

Transcription

1 Investment Viability for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Projects and Good Case Examples Energy Efficiency Forum Astana, September 2010 Sergei Faschevsky Senior Consultant, Norsk Energi

2 Content What kind of projects are of interest Incentives and barriers to project implementation Who could provide money What information is needed to get the money How could we (you and us) help? Good examples and lessons learnt

3 What usually releases development of EE and RE projects? A determined project developer with a good idea, knowhow, optimism and good communication skills Clear ownership structure Well organised and credit-worthy project owner High energy and CO2 prices Clear and harmonised legislation State support schemes Financing institutions providing loan with low interest rates The ideal situation?

4 The ideal situation rarely appears Legal, regulatory and policy related barriers Lack of awareness of or focus on EE and RE possibilities No easy access to financing Main barriers different in private and public sector Financial barriers: Mostly refered to: Few domestic financing institutions targeting EE and RES projects Often underminded: Lack of awareness of financing options Insufficient technical and financial documentation of the project Lack of collateral Reluctance to share financial data

5 Options for overcoming financing barriers 1. Self-finance (equity finance) 2. Grants 3. Loans 4. Special (innovative) financing schemes (e.g. JI)

6 Self-finance Easiest and quickest way of implementing projects but the company must have the money available Smaller sized investments, very rapid pay-back Need to convince company management... Because often a focus is at technology upgrade...therefore good explanation is therefore needed

7 Grants Grants available for projects with good energy and environment impacts International Financing Institutions: NEFCO, WB ESMAP, GEF Bi-lateral aid agencies: SIDA, USAID, SECO EU: PHARE, TACIS, Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs Grants usually made to governments, municipalities or other public organisations Free money!!! Time consuming, may be tied to using certain countries consultants/services Less and less grant funding available for economies in transition

8 Case 1: Utilising of wood waste, Verkhnetoloumskij Sawmill Wood waste PROJECT 1 Dryer, conv. timber Biomass Boiler house PROJECT 2 Verkhnetolomskij village Heat to the district heating system Biomass Boiler house

9 Combining various interests, Verhnetulomski municipality Norwegian programme contributed with technical assistance in project development and short term commercial loan; Second hand biomass boiler purchased from Sweden, demounted and transported to Verhnetulomski; Annual savings of 2300 t/heavy fuel oil or USD/year; Pay-back less than 2 years; Financing: TEKOS USD ( 71 %); Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs USD ( 12 %); Barents Interreg Programme USD ( 7 %), Barents Secretariat USD ( 10 %); Reliable heat supply to 3000 inhabitants of the village, significantly improved municiple economy and less pollution. The social dimension

10 Loans Loans more and more available for commercially bankable projects, good energy and environment impacts an advantage; Loans usually made to governments and private companies, but can be made to municipalities; Borrower needs to have good finances and transparent accounts; Borrower needs to have good security for the loan; Borrower needs to appreciate total costs and resources needed to secure loan. Where to get loans? For large loans: International Financing Institutions: WB, IFC, EBRD, NIB/NEFCO, Austrian Development Bank, ADB,... For smaller loans: Local banks (some have credit lines from IFIs such as EBRD) Some bi-lateral aid agencies: SIDA, USAID, KfW

11 Requirements for obtaining loans Sound business plans for implementing a project Information on owners/partners Financial history: 3 years audited accounts, to international standards for international banks Security in the form of pledges, mortgages, guarantees etc. Equity contributions of at least 30% are often required Funds provided must be used in strict accordance with the aims stated in the original business plan.

12 Summarizing our experience Two main types of projects: 1. Energy efficiency and/or environmental improvements in an existing facility with an ongoing business. Usually smaller scale and require loan financing. 2. Establishment of a new production facility or increasing the existing production capacity. Usually renewable energy or cogeneration. Investments are needed. = 12

13 Energy Efficiency and Biomass Utilisation in Northwest Russia In close cooperation with: 13

14 Sawmill 25, Arkhangelsk Oblast Guarantee IAS audited accounts Loan Arkhangelsk Pulp and Paper Mill The project: Install dry sorting line for timber and new biomass boilers to supply sawmill and increase supply to local community. LDK 25

15 Phase I: Install new log sorting, to be completed Phase II: Install new bio-fuel boilers : Sawmill 25, Arkhangelsk Oblast Loan agreement signed (2,1 mill. Euro), construction on-going MWh heat saved/year Dry bark can be used for energy (previously m3 to dump)

16 Small bioenergy project, Pudozh, Karelia New biomass boiler and close down 4 coal fired boilers Borrower: Local energy company (District Administration ) Pudozh: people, heating through 15 boiler houses, mainly coal fired Project: 70% of invest. Install 3 MW boiler Increase heat production by 30% Total investment USD IRR = 50% Substitute consumption of tonnes coal per year project

17 Energy Efficiency in Industry and District Heating Projects implemented Centre Project name and type Investment (USD) Savings (USD/Year) Reduced CO 2 (t/yr) AOEEC 1. Sawmill KEEP 2. Zheshart boiler conversion MOEEC 3. Verkhnetulomskij boiler conversion MOEEC 4. Energy efficiency Rasvumchorr Mine KEEP 5. Frequency converters at Prigorodny greenhouse KAEEC 6. Essoilla boiler conversion KAEEC 7. Vayrtsila boiler conversion KEEP 8. Vuktyl boiler conversion Total The Norwegian programme has noticeably influenced the development of the market in Russia

18 Establishing new facility (project type 2): often a combination of various sources Aim: Aim: to to find find the the optimal optimal combination of of Financial sources and and Types Types of of Financing that that matches the the needs needs of of project project and and the the investor s demand for for return return Innovative Financial Schemes: Third Party Finance/ Energy Performance Contracting Lease BOOT Financing Export Credit Schemes Emission reductions trading (e.g., JI) 18

19 Case Ukraine: Energy Projects development Gas price for the industry, UAH/1000 m3 El. price for the industry, UAH/MWh Gas price grew 280% in ; 40% per year in average; El.price grew 110% in ; 20% per year in average; Ukraine is 50% more efficient now than in 1996; however its energy intensity is 2.5 times higher than the EU average; Emerging loan financing opportunities (NEFCO, NIB, EBRD, EBRD s UKEEP, IFC Cleaner Production); Many lucrative project opportunities fail due to a lack of financing and projects development skills;

20 Recycling Waste Heat from Tripolje Coal Power Plant Economic Figure Units Sum Length of transmission line км 6 Project cost Mln. $ 50 Gas savings bln.м 3 /yr 0,11 Gas savings at $300/1000 м 3 Mln/yr 33 Payback yr 2 Technically sound project with a need of a large investment Institutional issues arise: A new JV entity is to be established (the plant is mostly state-owned); Source of equity financing?. Banks cannot finance the entire project; Various interested parties - all have to be contacted ; The project needs further development No project developer!

21 Case: Co-generation of electricity and heat from biomass at AgroUkrPtaha company, Lugansk Oblast Project is related to co-generation of 2,3 MW electricity and 2,9 MW heat from biomass disposed at UkrAgroPtaha company in Lugansk oblast (Vlasovka village). The project developer, Sinaps invests its own capital and raise commercial loan and get a major stake in the joint venture: Drying and gasifying of manure: 50 t/day Own capital EURO Grant /Other sources - EURO Commercial loan EURO Total, investments EURO Payback 4 yr Internal Rate of Return 46 % 21

22 Landfill gas generation in Sumy Establishment an effective system for the landfill gas capture and compressing utilization at Sumy landfill 2 Landfill Landfill gas generation Collection of the landfill gas Compression of gas Large scale gas-motor Fugitative methane emissions Gas flaring Combustion at nearby brick factory Central electricity grid Project details: Methane generation 4 mln м3/year Investments 1,8 mln EUR Own capital 30% Income (without ERUs) EUR Payback 2 years IRR 50% Financial and institutional solution: Establish a developer company Prepare project documentation Find equipment supplier with Export credit resources Establish BOOT scheme

23 Role of Project Developers Identify potential projects Develop projects and its financing scheme Oversee project implementation Provide advise on deviations and corrective actions Reduce project risks Methodology advisers Technical experts 6 Energy Efficiency Centres established in NW Russia with the Norwegian support

24 Financing of bigger projects International Financial Institutions Owners of good projects There are no good projects Solution It is impossible to get a loan Capacity Building on Project Development, Financing, Implementation and Operation/monitoring Identification Scanning Energy Auditing Business Planning Implementation Operation

25 Capacity Building Programmes in several directions Establishment and development of sustainable local EE Centres Training Programmes Financial Engineering Energy Auditing Energy management Municipal Energy Planning CDM and JI Step by step development, implementation and monitoring of projects Linking financing institutions and project developers Introduction of new technologies and solutions Reporting and information dissemination Session 1 Session 2 Session 3

26 Several Capacity Building Programmes by Norsk Energy Archangelsk bioenergy Zheshart fuel switch Environmental project in Barents region Tadsjikistan small hydropower Ukraine project development Georgia small hydropower development Azerbaijan EE building sector Armenia small hydropower Bosnia CDM district heating sector Macedonia EE&RE capacity building China WHR ferroalloy industry 26

27 Conclusions One size DOES NOT fit all A number of solutions are required, but many are variations on a theme Assume flexible ownership structure Large energy projects require stakeholder analysis and clear definition of roles and responsibilities and good structure of financing Role of a project developer is indispensible Public-private partnership often work for municiple projects Financing for projects still take time to develop There are barriers in all countries, but few that can not be overcome by the dedicated work of enthusistic project developers Small is efficient quicker to realize, valuable experience gained before implementing large scale projects

28

29 Thank you for your attention 29