University microsatellites: an hands-on educational tool

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1 University microsatellites: an hands-on educational tool Massimiliano RONZITTI School of Aerospace Engineering Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza December 2006

2 The content of this presentation is the result of didactical activity at Scuola di ingegneria Aerospaziale by Group of Astrodynamics of University of Rome La Sapienza (G.A.U.S.S)

3 Small Satellites for Space Education Practical Training of Whole Cycle of Space Development Mission conceptualization, satellite design, fabrication, ground test, modification launch and operation Know what is important and what is not. Importance for Engineering Education Synthesis (Not Analysis) of an effective system Feedbacks from the real world to evaluate design, test, etc. Education of Project Management Four Managements: time, human resources, cost and risk Team work, conflict resolution Effective discussion, documentation International cooperation, negotiation, mutual understanding Shinichi Nakasuka Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics University of Tokyo

Importance for Engineering Education Synthesis (Not Analysis) of an effective system Feedbacks from the real world to evaluate design, test, etc.

4 Objectives Hands-on space education Improving students training courses Stimulating interest and creativity Enriching imagination Promoting space culture Methods Team work Interactive work (work together) (exchange information) Multidisciplinary work (have a global view) space engineering is system engineering Practical work (put in practice theoretical knowledge) Challenging work (link to the state-of-the-art technology and scientific challenges)

information) Multidisciplinary work (have a global view) space engineering is system engineering Practical work

5 A short history of UNISAT program Theoretical studies on building low-cost microsatellites at university A few people trusted it was possible that students could design realize microsatellites using commercial off-the-shelf components) 1995 First founding of UNISAT program from Italian Minister of University Building of ground station (SPIV) researchers from University of Rome at Stanford University 1997 Starting design and realization of UNISAT 2000 Launch of UNISAT 2002 Launch of UNISAT Launch of UNISAT Launch of UNISAT-4

program from Italian Minister of University Building of ground station (SPIV) researchers from University of Rome at Stanford University

6 I microsatelliti UNISAT Unisat 26 Settembre 2000 Unisat-2 20 Dicembre 2002 Unisat-3 29 Giugno 2004 Unisat-4 26 Luglio 2006

7 UNISAT Lessons Learned UNISAT-2 UNISAT-3 UNISAT-4 University-Microsatellite realization and launch Satellite structure University ground station implementation Solar cell lamination and array assembling process Test Campaign Electronic Laboratory establishment On Board Data Handling System development Payload design (spectrometer, camera) Power system control and management On Board Data Handling System Improvement Attitude sensors (Magnetoresistive magnetometer, solar cells) S-band transmitter Payloads: Camera GPS receiver Langmuir probe Deorbiting device (SIRDARIA) Launch Campaign Building of Students can design Low cost university back-up realize and launch Enviromental test microsatellite lifeflight unit into orbit a small, campaign is a must time can be longer microsatellite low-cost university than one year microsatellite Gruppo! di Astrodinamica dell Università degli Studi la Sapienza

Handling System Improvement Attitude sensors (Magnetoresistive magnetometer, solar cells) S-band transmitter Payloads: Camera GPS receiver Langmuir probe Deorbiting device (SIRDARIA) Launch Campaign

8 Spacecraft configuration Lateral solar panels

9 Solar Arrays Terrestrial Si solar cell Lateral solar panels Upper solar panel

10 Solar Arrays GaAs triple junction Solar Array Solar Array made by Kiev Polytechnic Institute (Silicon)

11 Design and realization of electronic boards

12 Electronic boards

13 Attitude Stabilization UNISAT-3 Attitude Attitude Determination A permanent magnet installed on the satellite follows the Earth magnetic field lines Accuracy on the order of 10 Low realization cost No software development Attitude sensors: coarse sun sensor (3 solar array currents) 3 axes solid state magnetometer Attitude determination achieved by comparison of Sun-Satellite and Geomagnetic field theoretical direction (from ephemeris) with on board measures Si - Terrestrial 3J Si Kiev Polytechnic Institute

sensor (3 solar array currents) 3 axes solid state magnetometer Attitude determination achieved by comparison of Sun-Satellite

14 UNISAT-3 attitude determination: results UNISAT-3 Z-Axis angles with respect to Geomagnetic Field and Local vertical June 28 th angle between local vertical and z axis (solid=kalman, dotted=q method) 50 deg angle between earth magnetic field and z axis (solid=kalman, dotted=q method) time (sec)

vertical and z axis (solid=kalman, dotted=q method) 50 deg 40 30 20 angle between earth

15 Triple Junction Solar Cells Tests SUN SIMULATOR

16 Vibration Test (OCI, Roma)

17 Vibration Test Results S ine Ax pre -pos t random 10 1 S ine Ax pre S ine Ax pos t Acce lera zione (g) Fre quenza (HZ) Frequency response before (blue) and after (green) random signal test

60 80 100 200 400 600 800 1000 1500 2000 Fre quenza (HZ)

18 Vibration test (Dnepropetrovsk)

19 Separation test (Dnepropetrovsk)

20 Integration on the DNEPR launcher (Baikonour) UNISAT-3 launch team

21 UNISAT-3 Launch Launched from Baikonour using DNEPR LV on 29th June 2004 Sunsynchronous Orbit Inclination: 98 Altitude: km

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