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- Stanley Welch
- 2 years ago
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1 Jak zbudować s kal owal n ą i be zp i e c zn ą s i e ć dos t ęp ową Marcin Szreter Consulting Systems Engineer sz c isc o. c om C i s c o S y s t e m s, I n c. A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d. 1
2 Agenda Wstęp (czyli czemu w ogóle mówimy o d os t ęp ie) T e c h n o l o g i e d o stęp o we (czyli k t or a j es t lep s za, i d la czego od p owied z b r zmi t o za leży ) A r c h i te k tu r a d o stęp o wa w (ogól n y c h ) sz c z e g óła c h (czyli j a k ie mech a n izmy wa r t o zn a ć p r zy r ozwa ża n iu b ud owy s ieci d os t ęp owej ) 2
3 M N Ar c h i t ek t u r a s i ec i I P N G if ram e C ac h e Z arząd zan e u s łu g i b izn es o we (S t o rag e, V o I P, b ezp iec zeńs t wo ) V o D Warstwa aplikacji V o I P Telewizja D o m o w i P o rt al B aza ab o n en t ów i u s łu g U wierzy t eln ian ie i ro zlic zan ie B ro ad b an d P o lic y M an ag er E M S i wd rażan ie Warstwa u słu g i po lity k D o stęp A g r eg a c j a Br zeg Szkielet S T B BR A S Bizn eso w i D S L C ab le U-P E N-P E Firmowa D P I Szkielet o b iln i F TTX Firmowa E t h ern et Bu sin ess M SE E o D WD M, S D H, TD M reg io n aln y D WD M X p o n d er Warstwa tran spo rto wa R O A D M, WX C, 1 0 G, 4 0 G, G s zk ielet o wy I P o D WD M p rzes t rajan y D WD M 3
4 Wstęp Wymagania na pasmo w niedalekiej przyszłośc i Ograniczenie ADS L " H i g h -s p e e d c o n n e c t i o n, " a c t u a l S t r a i g h t l i n e e x t r a p o l a t i o n a s s u m i n g a c c e l e r a t i o n f r o m S t r a i g h t l i n e e x t r a p o l a t i o n Źródło: H e a vy R e a di n g F T T H W orl dw i de M a rk e t & T e c h n ol og y F ore c a s t,
5 o Wstęp Wymagania dla siec i dost ępowej B e z p i e c z e ństwo S k a l o wa l n o ść Ła two ść u r u c h a m i a n i a n o wy c h u słu g, ła twe r o z wi ąz y wa n i e p r o b l e m ów S z e r o k i e p a sm E f e k ty wn y k o sz t: Niski koszt początkow y in w e sty cj i T a n ie u tr zy m a n ie, a d m in istr a cj a O pty m a l n e koszty m ig r a cj i d o za a w a n sow a n y ch u słu g i w iększe g o pa sm a 5
6 Wstęp T ec h nologie dost ępowe HFC (H y b r i d F i b e r C oa x i a l ) D O C S I S 2. 0, 3. 0, D-P O N ADS L, x DS L ( x! = A H D S L, S H D S L, i t p ) W i M a x / W i Fi O p t yc z n e s i e c i p a s yw n e P O N P a s s i v e O p t i c a l N e t w o r k s ( B -P O N, E -P O N, G -P O N, W DM -P O N, 1 0 G E - P O N ) E T T x - E t h e r n e t P o i n t -t o -P o i n t 6
7 N Wstęp F T T x - opc je Centrala ( w ęz eł ag reg ac y j ny ) Do s tęp / Dy s try b u c j a Fi b e r to th e Ho m e Fi b e r to th e Bu i l di ng A b o nent Fiber D ro p Fiber o r c o p p er D ro p N a j w i ęc e j p a s m a i u s łu g, a j n i żs z e k o s z ty o p e r a c y j n e Fi b e r to th e Cu r b ( V D S L ) C o p p er D ro p Fi b e r to th e Ca b i ne t ( A D S L ) C o p p er D ro p End-t o -e nd c o p p e r C o p p er D ro p 7
8 Agenda Wstęp (czyli czemu w ogóle mówimy o d os t ęp ie) T e c h n o l o g i e d o stęp o we (czyli k t or a j es t lep s za, i d la czego od p owied z b r zmi t o za leży ) A r c h i te k tu r a d o stęp o wa w (ogól n y c h ) sz c z e g óła c h (czyli j a k ie mech a n izmy wa r t o zn a ć p r zy r ozwa ża n iu b ud owy s ieci d os t ęp owej ) 8
9 O P a ssi v e O pti c a l N e tw o r k s ( P O N ) A rc h it ekt u ra B rz e g sz kie le t I P / M P L S S ie ć ag rag acy jn e E th e rn e t/ M P L S P E -A G G A cce ss O L T F T T x A cces s Netw P O N o rk Sp l itter N-P E ONT S T B 9 L T t i c a l t w o r k r m i n a t i o n t i c a l t w o r k i t t i c a l L i n e r m i n a t i o n ONT - Op Ne Te ONU - Op Ne Un OL T Op Te
10 O O O O P a ssi v e O pti c a l N e tw o r k s ( P O N ) K omu nikac ja C A T V o v er la y 1550 nm C B A C A T V o v er la y C A T V o v er la y A A nm N T C B A C A T V o v er la y 1310 nm A B C C B A C A T V o v er la y B B L T N T C A T V o v er la y C B A C A T V o v er la y C C N T 10
11 M P a ssi v e O pti c a l N e tw o r k s ( P O N ) C ec h y (1/2) O sz c z e d n o śc i świ a tło wo d ów p o m i e d z y C O / P O P Istotne w sytuacji, gdy można wyk or z ystać istniejace, niewiel k ie il ości światłowodów l ub gdz ie możl iwość imp l ementacji nowych wiąz ek jest ogr anicz ona ało istotne w nowych imp l ementacjach : k osz t światłowodu jest niewiel k i w stosunk u do k osz tów r ob ót z iemnych, instal acyjnych, itp. O sz c z ęd n o ść i l o śc i p o r tów o p ty c z n y c h w C O / P O P P O N ma mniejsz e wymagania na il ość p or tów na k tór ych ter minowane są łącz a k l ienck ie B r a k i m p l e m e n ta c j i a k ty wn y c h u r z ąd z e ń p o z a P O P W z al eżności od r egionu ten ar gument może nie b yć istotny: w E ur op ie cz ęsto p ętl e są na tyl e k r ótk ie ( w ob sz ar ach miejsk ich ) że imp l ementacja eth er netu p oint-2-p oint też nie wymaga instal acji ur z ądz eń ak tywnych p oz a P op CO c e n t r a l o f f i c e P o P p o i n t o f p r e s e n c e 11
12 P a ssi v e O pti c a l N e tw o r k s ( P O N ) C ec h y (2/2) P as m o j es t w s p ółd ziel o ne p o m ięd zy ab o nentam i Mo cna enk ry p cj a j es t w y m ag ana b y zab ezp ieczy ć ru ch k l ienck i i o g raniczy ć m o żl iw o ść p o d s łu ch iw ania K ażd a k o ńców k a (O L T, O NT ) m u s i p raco w ać z p as m em zag reg o w any m N p. G P O N O N T dostar cz ające p asmo ab onenck ie M b it/ s musi p r acować z p asmem 2. 5 G b it/ s od str ony sieciowej Z nacząco w y żs za m o c o p ty czna j es t w y m ag ana niż w inny ch tech no l o g iach Niżs za d o s tęp no ść u szkod zon e C P E m n ie d ostępn ość ca łe g o d r ze w a oże spow od ow a ć Z ag łu s zanie s y g nału j es t łatw e - w y sta r czy tr a n sm itow a ć sil n e św ia tło w kie r u n ku O L T : tr u d n e d o w y kr y cia W p rzy p ad k u zm iany tech no l o g ii w s zy s tk ie u rząd zenia term inu j ące m u s zą zo s tać w y m ienio ne 12
13 N p OO OO D-P O L u b j a k w d r o żyć FT T H j a k b y b yło s i e c i ą HFC H ead end / H u b S i eć z ew nętrz na C M T S P 2 (Tx E D F A ) R x A k tu alna s i eć H F C T T A A P N N I I D D NN oo dd e D O C S I S C P E s Tran s A m R x D-P O N ( G reenf i eld < 10 % ) D D O O C C S S I I S S NT D o 3 2 O N T Tx / R x S p lit t er R ynk iem docel owym dl a D-P O N są sieci typ u gr eenf iel d gdz ie op er ator używa z ar z ądz ania DO C S IS R oz wiąz anie D-P O N p oz wal a na p r z ysz łościowy r oz wój ar ch itek tur y z ach owując ak tual ną inf r astr uk tur ę b ack -of f ice l u A lt λ Z g o d n e z F S A N 1 x 3 2 P O N 2 0 k m D D O O C C S S I I S S NT R o zw iązanie D-P ON is t niej e rów no l egl e d l a s ieci H F C 13
14 P o i n t-to -po i n t E th e r n e t A rc h it ekt u ra B rz e g sz kie le t I P / M P L S S e E e e M P L S P E G G A S ie ć ag rag acy jn th rn t/ -A cce ss witch S ie ć d o stępo wa F T T x E-F T T H N-P E S T B 14
15 E T T x P o i n t-to -po i n t E th e r n e t C ec h y B ezp o śred ni d o s tęp o p ty czny d o k l ientów ind y w id u al ny ch (np b l o k i m ies zk al ne, ap artam enty ) P r z ełącz nik i dostęp owe w P op op er ator a Z b io rcze im p l em entacj e d l a k l ientów ind y w id u al ny ch, m ały ch i d u ży ch p rzed s ięb io rs tw P r z ełącz nik i dostęp owe w p iwnicach b udynk ów; l ast dr op p op r z ez k ab el C at5 / 6 / 7, swiatłowód, E ov DS L W s l w o d p o d d o C O / P O P w P O ięk za iczb a św iatło ów łączo ny ch niż N El as ty czna arch itek tu ra, u m o żl iw iaj ąca nieo g raniczo ne p as m o I nw es ty cj e w m iare w zro s tu s ieci Mig racj a d o no w y ch tech no l o g ii l u b w y zs zy ch p rzep u s to w o ści nas tęp u j e p er ab o nent. R el aty w nie tanie i p ro s te C P E 15
16 Agenda Wstęp (czyli czemu w ogóle mówimy o d os t ęp ie) T e c h n o l o g i e d o stęp o we (czyli k t or a j es t lep s za, i d la czego od p owied z b r zmi t o za leży ) A r c h i te k tu r a d o stęp o wa w (ogól n y c h ) sz c z e g óła c h (czyli j a k ie mech a n izmy wa r t o zn a ć p r zy r ozwa ża n iu b ud owy s ieci d os t ęp owej ) 16
17 y E T T x M odel ref erenc yjny A b o n en t in d y w 3 pla y id u a ln y L L U Bitstr ea m S T B S z kie le t i platf o rm u słu g o we Bizn es I SR P o P a g r eg a c j i siec i o pty c zn ej ( n p Ci s c o Ca t a l y s t / M E ) E l e m e n t S i e c i a g r e g a c y j n e j I P / M P L S ( n p Ci s c o ) 17
18 G E E T T x P odłac zenie u słu g S T B I G M P s n o o p i n g V L A N F E lu b G E B X Węzeł ag reg ac y jn y V id eo /V o ic e A p p l i c a t i o n s G a t e w a y D H C P R e l a y ; V i d e o / V o i c e s u b n e t s 802.1q 802.3, b/g B N G D H C P r e l a y / P P P o E S e r v e r D ef au lt G at eway P o d łac z eni e i p rz ełą c z ani e u s łu g P oj e dy ńc z y V L A N p e r u s łu g a O g ra n i c z on e p rz e łą c z a n i e n a p ods t. M A C I G M P S n oop i n g P ri o ry tety z ac j a u s łu g O p a rt a n a Cl a s s of S e rvi c e P o d łac z eni e i p rz ełą c z ani e u s łu g D os t ęp do i n t e rn e t u : p rz e łą c z a n y do vl a n u i n t e rn e t ( m ode l N : 1 ) V oi c e : p rz e łą c z a n y do vl a n u voi c e ( m ode l N : 1 ) V i de o: p rz e łą c z a n y do vl a n u vi de o ( m ode l N : 1 ) P ri o ry tety z ac j a u s łu g na s ty k u U N I O p a rt a n a Cl a s s of S e rvi c e P ri o ry tety z ac j a u s łu g na s ty k u N N I O p a rt a n a Cl a s s of S e rvi c e 18
19 M W u l ti c a st w E T T x problem? T ypowa inst alac ja E T T x Channel 5 Channel p lu s 5 M b eac h vlan 1 4 vlan 1 5 vlan 35 vlan 34 vlan 33 Channel 5 Channel p lu s 5 M b eac h vlan 1 3 Channel 5 Channel p lu s 5 M b eac h Channel 5 Channel p lu s 5 M b eac h vlan 1 2 vlan 1 1 y p ełnienie łącza w y s t ąp i s zy b k o 19
20 M u l ti c a st w E T T x - po problemi e: M V R ( M u lt i c a s t V la n R eg i s t ra t i on ) User o n u ser -v la n vlan 1 3 vlan 1 5 vlan 35 vlan 34 vlan 1 4 Th e will rec eiv e t h e M C g ro u p o n v lan 9 0 0, an d will leak it o u t t o t h e u s er v lan vlan 33 vlan 32 U s er req u es t s a t v c h an n el, s en d s o u t an ig m p rep o rt Th e will rec eiv e t h e ig m p rep o rt, an d will f o rward it o u t t o t h e m v r v lan (9 0 0 ) vlan 1 2 T s t, m u l t t S k o w t y l k o j m v l en am ru nk icas nf igu ro any na ed ny anie vlan 31 vlan 1 1 Channel 5 Channel p lu s 5 M b eac h w r r u f o r g r o u a n d w r f o r w a r d g a v n ill ec eiv e eq est p ill sta t in it t la 20
21 I O M E T T x - u tr z y m a n i e Z arządzanie jakośc ią u słu g - Ethernet OAM MPLS OAM: VCCV, LSP Ping/Traceroute Klient p er a to r E t h A c c e s s P L S C o r e E t h A c c e s s Klient / B r z eg u s łu g o w y C E C E E-L M D o m en a o p erat o ra D o m D o m en a k lien c k a en a o p erat o ra D o m en a o p erat o ra 802.1ag - K o n t r o l a p o łą c z e ń D o m en a o p erat o ra a h Et h i n F i r s t M i l e : W h e n a p p l i c a b l e, physical c o n n e c t i v i t y m g m t b e t w U -P E a n d C E Z ap e wn i a wy k r y wan i e awar i i i s p r awd z an i e d z i ałan i a u s łu gi T r z y r o d z aj e p ak i e t ów: C o n t i n u i t y C h e c k, L 2 P i n g, L 2 T r ac e r o u t e 21
22 G E T T x - d o stępn o ś ć R E P - R esilient E t h ernet P rot oc ol Zabezpieczenie pierścienia ( < m s przerwy ) G ig E l u b 1 0 G E B ez S panning T ree S ieć po d ziel o na na s eg m ent y, m o żl iwa h ierarch ia s eg m ent ów K ażd y z przełącznik ów po s iad a inf o rm acj e o t o po l o g ii całeg o s eg m ent u, rel acj e s ąs ied zt wa po m ięd zy przełącznik am i M o żl iwa ws półpraca ze s panning t ree np. w nad rzęd ny ch pierścieniach K 1 0 G E R E P ig E R E P 22
23 E T T x - d o stępn o ś ć R E P D ost ępność łąc z sprawdzana hop-b y -hop I m 3 I m 3, h eari ng 4 I m 4, h eari ng 3 Porty w segmencie wysylają h ello na ad res B PD U, i f ormu ją stosu nk i sąsied z twa z p rz ełącz nik ami z k tórymi są p ołącz one b ez p ośred nio. J esli sąsied z two jest wad liwe ( sąsiad nie od p owiad a, więcej niż jed en sąsiad, wted y p ort jest u miesz cz any w stanie b lock ing 23
24 E T T x - d o stępn o ś ć R E P b u dowanie t opologii h s e g m e w E A d v e s e m e ( E ) c 4 s e Porty na obu końc ac ntu ys yłaj ą nd Port rti nts PA o kund y T e w i ad m om ośc i s ą p rz e s yłane p rz e z kol e j ne p orty Pop rz e z ag re g ac j ę kom uni katów E PA otrz ym anyc h z każd e j s trony, p ort bud uj e baz e o top ol og i i s e g m e ntu # R E P S e g m e n t 1 B r i d g e N a m e P o r t N a m e E d g e R o l e G i 1 / 1 / 1 P r i O p e n G i 2 O p e n G i 1 O p e n G i 2 O p e n G i 1 O p e n G i 2 O p e n G i 1 A l t G i 1 / 1 / 2 S e c O p e n show rep topology / / / / / / E P A 1 E P A 1, 2, 3 E P A 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 E P A 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 E P A 1, 2, E P A 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 E P A 8, 7, 6, 5, 4 E P A 8, 7, 6 E P A 8 24
25 E T T x D o stępn o ś ć R edu ndanc ja połąc zeń F lex L ink+ Z ab ez p iecz enie w top ologii H u b & S p ok e ( < msec p rz erwy) G ige lu b 1 0 G E Z ab ez p iecz enie 1 : 1 z roz łożeniem ru ch u 2 * 1 0 G E / G ig E I P M P L S 25
26 E T T x B ezpiec zeńst wo Dostęp ow a si e ć e th e r n e tow a d z i a ła ta k sa m o j a k k or p or a c y j n a, ty l k o w i ęc e j w n i e j p ote n c j a l n y c h a ta k u j ąc y c h R od z aje atak ów w sieci E T T x : A t ak i na abo nent ów (np. IP/MAC spoofing, ARP spoofing) A t ak i na przełącznik i (np. pr z e pe łnia nie t a b l ic MAC) A t t k t u m a h e d l e d l a r u c h u z a r z z a j e ak i na inf ras ru re (np. n-in-t -m id ąd ąc go) 26
27 E T T x Bezpieczeńs t wo a b o n en t ów J e d nym z naj w ażni e j s z yc h as p e któw be z p i e c z e ńs tw a w s i e c i ac h d os tęp ow yc h j e s t z ap obi e g ani e w p ływ i j e d ne g o abone nta na d rug i e g o Z ag roże ni e L a yer 2 I sola ti on a c ross swi tc hes N on i n ten ti on a l f orwa rd i n g of tra f f i c b etween U N I ports D H C P R ogu e S erv er Izolacja ab on e n t a I P & M A C A d d ress S poof i n g In t r u zja A R P S poof i n g ( M a n -i n -the-m i d d le) 27
28 M E T T x Bezpieczeńs t wo pr zeł ą czn ik ów N aj c z ęśc i e j s p otykane ataki na p rz e łąc z ni ki to ataki typ u D os Z ag roże ni a L 2 C o n t r o l P r o t o c o l A t t a c k ( S T P, L A C P, P A g P, C D P, V T P, e t c ) M A C F l o o d i n g / O v e r f l o w D H C P R e s o u r c e S t a r v a t i o n U n i c a s t, m u l t i c a s t, o r b r o a d c a s t s t o r m s D enial of S erv ice I n f e c t e d u s e r s f l o o d i n g t h e n e t w o r k / a l i c i o u s u s e r s a t t a c k i n g t h e P r i o r i t y t r a f f i c q u e u e 28
29 E T T x Bezpieczeńs t wo in f r a s t r u k t u r y A tak i inf rastru k tu ralne wyk orz ystu ją słab ość d ata, control p lane i warstwy z arz ąd z ania a tak że f iz ycz ne b ez p iecz eństwo Z ag roże ni a M a n -i n -t h e -M i d d l e a t t a c k s o n c r i t i c a l m a n a g e m e n t t r a f f i c U n a u t h e n t i c a t e d a c c e s s t o t h e s w i t c h c o n f i g u r a t i o n U n a u t h e n t i c a t e d n e t w o r k a c c e s s b y c l i e n t d e v i c e s U n c o n f i g u r e d a c c e s s P o r t s p r o v i d i n g n e t w o r k U n a u t h o r i z e d n e t w o r k a c c e s s, j u n k t r a f f i c M e m e anag nt Pl ane Ph ys i c al S e c uri ty D ata Pl ane 29
30 Bezpieczeńs t wo a b o n en t ów P r iv a t e V L A N Działan ie : Z ap e wn i e n i e i z o l acj i p o m i ęd z y p o r tam i n al e żący m i d o te g o sam e g o v l an u D wa r o d z aj e v l an ów: Z y s k : I so l ate d V L A N p o r ty n i e m o g ą si ę z e so b ą k o m un i k o wac n a L 2. C o m m un i ty V L A N P o r ty w r am ach co m m un i ty m o g ą k o m un i k o wać si ę z e so b ą al e n i e m o g a z i n n i m i p o r tam i w i n n y ch co m m un i ti e s Z ap e wn i e n i e se p ar acj i L 2 30
31 Bezpieczeńs t wo a b o n en t ów P r iv a t e V L A N - konfiguracja P r z y k ład : (c o n f i g )v l a n 1 0 (c o n f i g -v l a n ) u n i -v l a n i s o l a t e d (c o n f i g -v l a n ) v l a n 2 0 (c o n f i g -v l a n ) u n i -v l a n c o m m u n i t y S w i t c h # s h v l a n u n i -v l a n t y p e V l a n T y p e U N I i s o l a t e d 2 0 U N I c o m m u n i t y 31
32 Bezpieczeńs t wo a b o n en t ów D H C P S n o o pin g DH C P C l ie n t D H C P S n o o p i n g Si Trusted X R og u e S e r v e r DH C P S e r v e r D z i a ła n i e: P r z e łącz an i e ty l k o r e q ue st ów D H C P z p o r tów un tr uste d, p o z o stałe r o d z aj e r uch u D H C P są b l o k o wan e P o z wal a n a r e l ay p ak i e tów D H C P ty l k o p o r to m z auf an y m B ud uj e tab l i ce D H C P b i n d i n g z awi e r aj ącą ad r e s I P, M A C, p o r t, V L A N k l i e n ta Z y s k : E l i m i n uj e m o żl i wo ś ć d z i ałan i a n i e auto r y z o wan y ch se r we r ów D H C P 32
33 Bezpieczeńs t wo a b o n en t ów D H C P S n o o pin g D H C P S noop i ng B i nd i ng T abl e sh ip dhcp snooping binding M a ca ddr e ss I pa ddr e ss L e a se ( se c) T y pe V L A N I nt e r f a ce : 0 3 : 4 7 : B 5 : 9 F : A D dhcp-snooping 4 F a st E t he r ne t 3 / 1 8 W p i s y p oz os taj ą w tabl i c y d o z akońc z e ni a d h c p l e as e T abl i c a m oże być z ap i s ana na bootf l as h, f tp, rc p, s l ot0, tf tp ip dhcp snooping database tftp:// /tftpboot//4500-dhcpdb ip dhcp snooping database w r ite-del ay 60 33
34 Zabezpieczenie przed atakami spoofingowymi I P S o u r ce G u a r d T r af f ic S e nt w IP Mac B ith Non Matching T r af f ic D r op p e d!!! Działan ie : W y k o r z y stan i e tab l i cy D H C P sn o o p i n g MA C C T r af f ic S e nt w IP Mac C ith J e śl i k l i e n t o tr z y m ał ad r e s I P z D H C P p r z e łącz n i k b l o k uj e cały r uch wy sy łan y z p o r tu k l i e n ta z i n n y m i ad r e sam i I P R e ce iv e d T r af f ic S ou r ce IP Mac B I P S G łącz y ad r e s I P, M A C, V L A N, P o r t k l i e n ta Z y s k : U n i e m o żl i wi a k l i e n to wi uży wan i a ad r e su, k to r y n i e j e st d o n i e g o p r z y p i san y. 34
35 G Zabezpieczenie przed atakami A R P D y n a m ic A R P I n s pect io n Działan ie I n sp e k cj a p ak i e tów A R P k aso wan i e p ak i e tów z n i e właści wy m m ap o wan i e m I P -d o -M A C W y k o r z y e l i D H C P b i n d i n g, r z o n m n i e p r z y p r z e j p i e D H C P f f e r p r z e z p r z e n i k stuj tab ce two ą auto aty cz ści u ak tu -o łącz Z y s k : E f e k ty wn i e b l o k uj e atak i ty p u m an -i n -th e -m i d d l e i A R P S p o o f i n g I P : M A C : Not b y My B ind ing T ab l e My G W Is I m Y ou r G W : r atu itou s A R P to C hange E nd D e v ice MA C to A R P T ab l e s 35
36 Zabezpieczenie przed atakami A R P D y n a m ic A R P I n s pect io n IOS G l o b a l C o m m a n d s i p d h c p s n o o p i n g v l a n 4, n o i p d h c p s n o o p i n g i n f o r m a t i o n o p t i o n i p d h c p s n o o p i n g i p a r p i n s p e c t i o n v l a n 4, i p a r p i n s p e c t i o n l o g -b u f f e r e n t r i e s i p a r p i n s p e c t i o n l o g -b u f f e r l o g s i n t e r v a l 1 0 In t e r f a c e C o m m a n d s i p d h c p s n o o p i n g t r u s t i p a r p i n s p e c t i o n t r u s t IOS In t e r f a c e C o m m a n d s n o i p a r p i n s p e c t i o n t r u s t (d e f a u l t ) i p a r p i n s p e c t i o n l i m i t r a t e 1 5 (p p s ) 36
37 Zabezpieczenie przed atakami A R P D y n a m ic A R P I n s pect io n - wpis y s t a t y czn e (gdy nie ma w sieci serwera DHCP) IOS G l o b a l C o m m a n d s ip sou r ce binding v l an inter face fastether net 3 /1 IOS Sh o w C o m m a n d s s h o w i p s o u r c e b i n d i n g 37
38 Z ab e z p ie cz e nie p rz e ł ą cz ników C o n t r o l P l a n e S ecu r it y D zi ałan i e B y def a ul t, wsz y stk i e p ak i e ty k o n tr o l n e p r o to k o łów S T P, V T P, C D P, D T P, P A g P an d L A C P są k aso wan e n a U N I W n i e k tór y ch sy tuacj ach m o żn a tun e l o wać i o g r an i cz ać p ak i e ty d o ch o d z ące d o C P U Z y s k : Z e i z e z p i e e n i e p r z e d i D o S z k o r z y i e m p i e k o n o l n y ap wn a ab cz atak am wy stan ak tów tr ch C P U and C ontr ol P l ane Specific control traffic can be tu nneled th rou g h th e s w itch UNI P or t E gr e s s Q u e u e s D r op C U N I ontrol traffic th at is appropriate at th e inpu t of ports is rate-lim ited to norm al or ty pical rates for control traffic C ontrol traffic th at is not appropriate at th e inpu t of U N I ports is d ropped 38
39 Zabezpieczenie przed M P o r t S ecu r it y A C fl oodingiem D zi ałan i e : O g r an i cz e n i e i l o ści ad r e sów M A C n a i n te r f e j sach Z y s k : Z ab e z p i e cz e n i e p r z e d atak am i M A C F l o o d i n g Z ap e wn i a że ty l k o auto r y z o wan i ab o n e n ci m o g ą k o r z y stać z usług (secure MAC en t ri es) 11 MA C C AA dd dd rr ee ss ss AA dd dd itional MA C C AA dd dd rr ee ss ss X 39
40 M O O M Zabezpieczenie przed M A C fl oodingiem P o r t S ecu r it y i per V L A N m a c l ea r n in g O : F P d l M A U m a a e a e l e a r v l a d ptional or each EV L serv ice, isab e C Learning on th e -P E pass-th ru nod es: no c ddr ss-t bl ning n vlan-i ISP U-P E U-P E N-P E In t e r -M e t r o B a c k b o n e CE-V LA N Leg end : PL S V PN S e r v i c e EPL S e r v i c e EV PL S e r v i c e CPE S P M a n a g e d U-P E Enterprise Customer Location CPE - Cu s t o m w n e d e r ptional : F or each EV P L serv ice, on N -P E l imit th e numb er of M A C ad d resses b ased on th e S erv ice D ef inition: m a c a ddr e ss-t a bl e l im it v l a n vlan-i d F or each EV P L serv ice, use P ort S ecurity on U -P E to l imit th e numb er of S ecure A C ad d resses b ased on th e S erv ice D ef inition: sw it chpor t por t -se cu r it y m a x im u m value 40
41 Dodatkowe mechanizmy Z ab e zp i e cze n i e S p an n i n g T r e e g u a r d r o o t g u a r d, b p d u Z ap ob i e g an i e zale w an i u r u ch e m : s t o r m c o n t r o l B e i e t w f i e a s s w o r d r e c o v e r y d i s a b zp cze ńs o zy czn - p le Z ar ząd zan i e p op r ze z S S H, S N M at ak ów t y p u m an -i n -t h e -m i d d le P v 3 że b y u n i k n ąć 41
42 Cisco ETTx p l a t f or m y sp r z ęt ow e Przełą c zn i k i C i s c o s eri i M E (1/3) C i sc o M E C i sc o M E Usłu g i L 2 Usłu g i L 2 / 3 E T T x, UPE, CPE E T T x UPE, CPE, I ED C i sc o M E E Usłu g i L 2 / 3 E T T x UPE, CPE, I ED C i sc o M E Usłu g i p r e m i u m L 2 / 3 z h Q o S i M P L S E T T B UPE, CPE 42
43 Cisco ETTx - p l a t f or m y sp r z ęt ow e Przełą c zn i k i C i s c o s eri i M E (2 /3) Cisco Ca t / ME Usłu g i L 2 / L 3, m u l t i c a st L 3, H Q o S E T T x, UPE Cisco ME G E Usłu g i L 2 / L 3, m u l t i c a st L 3 E T T x, UPE Cisco G E Usłu g i L 2 / L 3, m u l t i c a st L 3 E T T x, UPE Cisco M Usłu g i L 2 / L 3, m u l t i c a st L 3, I P v 6 E T T x, UPE Cisco ME g i L 2 / L 3 m u l t i c a L 3 M P L S E o M P L S L 3 V P N I P v 6 Usłu, st,,,, E T T x, UPE 43
44 i Cisco ETTx - p l a t f or m y sp r z ęt ow e Przełą c zn i k i C i s c o s eri i M E (3/3) O p r a c o w a n e z m y ślą o r y n k u o p e r a t o r ów t e le k o m u n i k a c y j n y c h L i s t a f u n k c j o n a ln o śc i p r z y g o t o w a n a p o d i m p le m e n t a c j e w s i e c i o p e r a t o r s k i e j (ograniczone funkcje czysto enterp rise, w sp arcie sp rzętow e d l a funkcji S P ) B e z p i e c z e ńs t w o m e c h a n i z m y z a p e w n i a j ąc e b e z p i e c z e ńs t w o a b o n e n t o m, o r a z z a b e z p i e c z e n i e u r z ąd z e ń p r z e d a t a k a m M e c h a n i z m y d o s t ęp n o śc i : R E P R e s i li e n t E t h e r n e t P r o t o c o l, F le x L i n k Z a r z ąd z a n i e : E -O A M, I P S L A 44
45 O M k d i m p l t a c j i f r a n c k i o p e r a t o r ) Cisco ETTx Przy ła em en (duży us Residential S T B Residential S T B Residential T ag g ed U N I T ag g ed U N I Optical Distribution Frame p C O A s s C e A e M tical cce or ggr gation ul tich assis L3 Si C R Si C R Si 10 G E 10 G E L3 10 G E 10 G E CR S -1 T ag g ed U N I C R ul tich assis CR S -1 S T B 45
46 46
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Campus Sustainability Assessment and Related Literature
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