Teaching Notes for the Case Study Insurance Broker Network (InBroNet): Selecting Partners, Evaluating Practices
|
|
- Patience Chandler
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Teaching Notes for the Case Study Insurance Broker Network (InBroNet): Selecting Partners, Evaluating Practices in: Sydow, Schüßler, Müller-Seitz (2016): Managing Inter-Organizational Relations. Debates and Cases. Palgrave Macmillan. A. Synopsis This case is on a network of small and medium-sized firms situated in the financial services industry that serves industrial clients. Narrating the process from the founding of the network in the early 1990s until today it highlights the role of two network management practices: selection of partners and evaluation of the partner s contribution to the development of the network. In addition, the case offers the possibility to apply a two-dimensional network typology and to distinguish between individual and collective actors. Time required in class: min. 30, max. 60 B. Goals 1. Understand interfirm networks in general and networks of small and medium-sized firms in particular from a process perspective that focuses on managerial practices and highlights strategic choices of management as well as serendipity. 2. Understand the role of selection and evaluation as two often interrelated network management practices. 3. Offer the possibility to classify the constellation in the case as a particular type of inter-organizational or, more precisely, interfirm network. C. Case Study Questions and Possible Answers 1. What are the reasons for setting up an insurance broker network like InBroNet? Why did Lisa not join the network of the insurer AlexCo instead? The major reason for setting up InBroNet was strategic: maintaining or even regaining control over expertise to assess risks and to consult on risk management issues and, thereby to stay an independent, real insurance broker. This reason, however, is not spelled out in the case directly, although the regular exchange of expert knowledge is mentioned, but so are the development of new products and services as well as more efficient and effective processes and some joint marketing efforts. Despite these many motives, the real trigger of the formation of the network was the event, organized by AlexCo to form its network of insurance brokers in the industrial lines business with the help of information technology. Lisa, as others, decided not to join AlexCo s network because she was afraid of being unable to maintain or regain control over expertise and becoming even more dependent on one particular insurer. This would exactly undermine the strategic independence that distinguishes insurance brokers from general/multiple agents. 2. Please try to describe the structure of InBroNet by differentiating individual and collective actors. Do you know of any network typologies you could draw on to characterize InBroNet? Such a typology would make it easier for Lisa (and the others) to communicate about InBroNet, for instance when talking on the phone to a network consultant, i.e. a person or firm that is experienced in managing and developing an inter-organizational network. 1
2 InBroNet is a network consisting of a number of small and medium-sized industrial insurance brokers; the largest employing about 60 people at the time of forming the network. Regarding coordination and control, this is a fairly heterarchical network of formally equal members. This is expressed best in the quarterly meetings (incl. the most important pre-christmas meeting) in which the brokers coordinate their activities on equal terms. In practice, however, some of the brokers are more influential with regard to network coordination (and development) than others. For instance, H&H is not only the youngest but also the only academic. More importantly, she is connected to another network of brokers active in the private lines business from which she imports new ideas or practices. Heterarchical coordination and more or less stable membership, together with the fact that the network members can visit each other within one hour s travel, makes InBroNet what is sometimes called a regional network (in contrast to a strategic network, for instance). 3. How does InBroNet select members? Which selection criteria were used in the case of InBroNet and why? Which other criteria could or should have been used? Would you as a network consultant have given Lisa, Fred and the others the advice to implement a more formal procedure for partner selection? After the initial formation of the network by seven brokers, the members agreed on rather slow and continued growth of network membership (e.g. not more than one member every two years). More importantly, they adhered to qualitative selection criteria right from the initial formation of InBroNet: complementary competences; willingness to participate in network development; and most importantly: being a real insurance broker, symbolized by membership in one particular broker association. Other criteria could have been: organizational age and growth potential; innovativeness with regard to products, services and/or processes; trusted relationships. A more formal procedure for selecting partners may become useful in the future when InBroNet continues to grow in terms of network membership. 4. Why did the brokers return to, as it seems, a less-differentiated and less formalized approach of evaluating the network or, more precisely, the contributions of the member firms to the common goal? What are the benefits and drawbacks of a holistic, less formalized evaluation practice as opposed to an analytical practice? Implicitly at least, the InBroNet members started to reflexively monitor the performance of the members, more precisely: their contribution to the development of the network, right from the beginning. Later, they even introduced a formal evaluation procedure which was at first of a more analytic nature but later abandoned in favour of a more holistic evaluation approach. Whatever the procedure, the members again at least implicitly during their meeting before Christmas agreed to continue to work together, i.e. they in a way re-selected the members. In one case, a member was even de-selected from the network. The major reason why the brokers returned to a more holistic evaluation approach was a lack of satisfaction with the analytical approach s ability to capture the real contributions of the individual members towards developing InBroNet. The benefits of such a holistic approach are its flexibility and subjectivity. Potential drawbacks are a greater arbitrariness and lack of transparency in the procedure. These drawbacks, however, can be compensated for when the evaluations are explained to the others and openly discussed. Without explanation and justification in open discussions this kind of quite dramatic intervention may do more harm than good to the development of the network. In most cases, it may be less risky to focus the formal evaluation, if needed at all, on more specific practices or aspects of the relationships in the 2
3 network than on general aspects like the climate within the whole network or its effect on the profitability of the member firms. D. Advanced Case Study Questions and Possible Answers 5. In what respects is the selection of partners a recurrent process? Which theories or debates on partner selection could a network consultant draw on to explain and justify alternative recommendations for a procedure and criteria for partner selection? In order to really capture the process of network development with the help of management practices, it is useful to conceive selection as a recurrent process that includes, apart from section practices also implicit and explicit re-selection and de-selection practices. Network consultants could draw on a broad range of theories to explain and justify their recommendations. These include more conventional economic theories, including transaction cost economics, principal agency theory and the resource based view, but also more processual approaches such as structuration theory, neo-institutionalism and the relational view. 6. Which theories or debates on network evaluation could a network consultant refer to explain and justify his or her recommendations? Network consultants, as well as network managers, could use the same theories to explain and justify their recommendations with respect to evaluation practices and procedures. 7. In which respects could selection and/or evaluation practices support/undermine the development of inter-organizational trust? Most importantly, one may argue that selection as well as evaluation practices can both support and undermine the development of inter-organizational trust, that is, trust between firms or other types of organizations that is, of course, initiated and sustained by individual actors like Lisa and Fred as boundary spanners (Adams, 1980) but attributed in the end to the organization or the network as a social system. Examples for supporting as well as undermining practices should be given. Finally, it is important to acknowledge that the practices are at least as, if not much more, relevant for trust-building and -destroying processes than the formal network governance. 3
4 E. Teaching Plan Time Content Options 0-10 Based upon reading of the relevant text we recommend clarifying critical concepts (like regional network, network selection and evaluation) first and recapping the major story of the case second. For the purpose of the latter, we think it is a good idea to elaborate together with the students on the actors that are mentioned in the text. In the end, it would be nice to come up with a list of major individual actors (Lisa, Fred, but also many others acting on behalf of the broker firms), organizational actors (all the eleven brokers, the insurance companies, the trade association, etc.; see Figure 2) as a first type of collective actors; and the interfirm networks (most obviously: InBroNet) as a second type of collective actors Apart from InBroNet two other networks deserve to be mentioned as collective actors: (1) the network of insurance broker who are involved in the private lines business and for which H&H acts as a bridge (see, once again, Figure 2) and (2) the network of insurance brokers in the industrial lines business which AlexCo wanted to set up using advanced information technology. One might even say that without this (failed) networking initiative, InBroNet may never have been formed (-45 or - 60 ) The major share of the time should be spent with the four basic case study questions. These could be (1) either prepared by the students before meeting in class and collected and then discussed by the instructor in front of the class (min. 15 ). Alternatively, (2) the questions could be discussed in small groups within class. Depending upon the size of the whole group, several groups could discuss and answer either all the case study questions or a selec- 4 As a next step, further introductory case-related questions like the following may be asked: (1) What is interesting about the case? (2) Why can the business of insurance brokers active in the industrial lines business be described as knowledgeintensive? (3) Why is it of strategic importance for real insurance brokers to control expert knowledge independent of the expertise of insurers? (4) Which major changes did occur in the network? The danger, however is, that students already foreclose issues that are addressed in more detail by the case study questions. Supplement the four basic case study questions with the three advanced questions. However, in this case students should be somewhat familiar with at least a couple of theories. Ideally they would be able to contrast the views of conventional economic theories like
5 tion of them (e.g. two for each group). The period of group work should lead to presentation and discussion of the results. With regard to this second alternative, groups may either specialize in one or two (2a) or deal with all four questions (2b). We recommend choosing the optimal alternative in face of time available. The alternatives (2a) and (2b) require a minimum of 25 and 45 respectively. transaction cost economics or principal agency theory with more processual approaches like structuration theory or neoinstitutionalism that take the social embeddedness of action into account. F. Sketch for Board Plan Board 1: Actors and Background Individual actors Collective actors - organizations - networks? What do we need to know about the business of insurance brokers? Typology of Interorganizational Networks Board 2: Case Study Questions Recap: What have we learnt about Selection practices Evaluation practices Why focusing on such network management practices? Debates relevant for understanding selection and evaluation practices? G. Background Information 1. Network Typology Being situated in the financial service industry, the case obviously deals not with an industrial network but a service network. Instead of this or other simple, one-dimensional typologies the case can be used to apply a somewhat more sophisticated two-dimensional typology that highlights dimensions which are essential for distinguishing inter-organizational networks in general and interfirm networks in particular. This two-dimensional typology describes such inter-organizational networks first with respect to their governance as either hierarchical or heterarchical (Hedlund, 1986). Regarding the quasi-hierarchical character of such networks it is worth mentioning that, despite all the discussion about the nature of such networks, consensus has been reached that the coordination of inter-organizational networks, in sharp difference to organizations (incl. corporate groups), cannot be based upon hierarchical but only quasi-hierarchical authority. Furthermore, one could mention that hierarchy as much as heterarchy are ideal types (Max Weber), i.e. they cannot be found in reality. In practice, inter-organizational networks are always more or less based upon quasi-hierarchical forms of coordination, depending not least on the strategic leadership of the network (cf. Müller-Seitz, 2012). 5
6 The same is true for the second dimension of this typology that distinguishes interorganizational networks according the stability of network membership. Using this twodimensional typology InBroNet would qualify as fairly heterarchical network on the one hand with a membership between stable and dynamic on the other. Occasionally, such interorganizational networks are termed regional network (Sydow, 2005), in this case of small and medium-sized service firms, since these firms are not only all participating in the collective strategizing and organizing efforts of the network but are also situated in geographic proximity (in this case, about a maximum of a one-hour drive). 2. The Business Even before introducing/discussing this typological approach, it may be useful to clarify the business InBroNet is involved in. As mentioned, this network is part of the financial services industry, focussing in particular on brokering insurance policies to industrial clients. This business is often described as knowledge-intensive as the brokers do not simply broker the policies but work together with the clients on risk analyses and customize solutions for insuring the more often than not complex risks unearthed. To some extent, the brokers even act as risk consultants, i.e. advise the client for instance to invest in fire safety first before buying a respective fire protection police (they often do so, although, in some countries like Germany this should not be an official part of their business). In sharp difference to general agents who market policies on behalf of one insurer only, real insurance brokers like all the InBroNet members actually buy insurance protection on behalf of their customers. Although the latter brokers also deal with preferred partners on the part of insurers, banks, investment funds, etc. and enter with them cooperative, long-term relationships, they are keen on distinguishing themselves from general and, in particular, multiple agents ; the latter which, in contrast to the general agent, usually broker policies on behalf of more than one insurer. This strategy of differentiation and the positioning as real insurance brokers in this businessto-business market is complicated by the fact that, in many countries, this particular business is dominated by small and medium-sized enterprises. These typically lack resources and are thus confronted with the dilemma that, more often than not, they have to rely on the expertise of insurers when assessing a certain risk of a client. For, in contrast to the few global players (like Jauch and Hübener) in this market, these smaller broker firms cannot afford to employ independent risk experts. As real insurance brokers maintain long-term relationships not only with insurers but also with industrial clients, the interfirm networks doing business in this industry have been described as networked networks (Sydow et al., 1998). 3. Network Management Most importantly, the case can and should be used to explore two important tasks of network management: selecting network members and evaluating the network or its members. Both represent two out of four major tasks of network management distinguished by Sydow (2005) and explained in Chapter 1 (pp ; the others are: regulating the interaction in the network with the help of formal or informal rules and allocating tasks, responsibilities and resources among the network members). Selecting the right network members is extremely important, as it makes the management of the network a lot easier or more complicated. Therefore, one may consider this as the most important task of network management, although in reality practicing this task always depends upon the historical development of the network, the expertise of the managers, and other contingencies. Nevertheless, it is useful to reflect on this and the other practices of network management as recurrent activities. In the case of InBroNet the members were 6
7 selected not only once (i.e. at the time of the original formation of the network and the more or less continuous expansion), but also again and again at the last strategy meetings of the year held shortly before Christmas; at least implicitly when the brokers agreed to continue working together. To make the picture complete, the management practices of selection and re-selection were complemented by at least one case of de-selection, i.e. when one of the brokers admitted that he had only joined InBroNet to find another business that he could acquire for gaining access to its clients. Evaluating a network should, at least in principle, also be considered a more or less recurrent network management practice. Even if, as later in the InBroNet case, the brokers stop any formal evaluation, this may be considered as a conscious decision for (not-)evaluating the network, the effectiveness of the whole network, or the performance of network members. Other potential objects of evaluation are, by the way, the quality of the relations that tie the network members together or, as practiced in the case, the expected contributions of members to the development of the network. In the InBroNet case, this evaluation task was first not considered at all. Later on, due to feelings of unequal contributions to the development of the network, a more analytical approach was introduced. Later, this was turned into a more holistic approach, before the network evaluation was stopped and only a reflexive monitoring (Giddens, 1984) of actions and their conditions and consequences continued (see Sydow 2004 for further details, also on the case). References Adams, J.S. (1980). Interorganizational processes and organizational boundary activities. In: Research in Organizational Behavior, 2: Giddens, A. (1984). The constitution of society. Cambridge: Polity Press. Hedlund, G. (1986). The hypermodern MNC A heterarchy? Human Resource Management, 25 (1): Müller-Seitz, G. (2012). Leadership in interorganizational networks: A literature review and suggestions for future research. International Journal of Management Reviews, 14: Sydow, J. (2004). Network development by means of network evaluation? Explorative insights from a case in the financial service industry. Human Relations, 57(2): Sydow, J. (2005). Managing interfirm networks: Towards more reflexive network development? In. Theurl, T. (Ed.). Economics of Interfirm Networks. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, Sydow, J., van Well, B. and Windeler, A. (1998). Networked networks: Financial services networks in the context of their industry. International Studies of Management & Organization, 27(4):
Charting the Text. What is it? When should I use it? How do I use it? Why should I use it?
Charting the ext AVID eacher Reference What is it? here are two ways to chart a text. One way to chart a text is to analyze the macro-structure (or larger structure) of the text. A reader might want to
More informationKNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION
KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION Gabi Reinmann Germany reinmann.gabi@googlemail.com Synonyms Information organization, information classification, knowledge representation, knowledge structuring Definition The term
More informationSummary Ph.D. thesis Fredo Schotanus Horizontal cooperative purchasing
Summary Ph.D. thesis Fredo Schotanus Horizontal cooperative purchasing Purchasing in groups is a concept that is becoming increasingly popular in both the private and public sector. Often, the advantages
More informationAppendix B Data Quality Dimensions
Appendix B Data Quality Dimensions Purpose Dimensions of data quality are fundamental to understanding how to improve data. This appendix summarizes, in chronological order of publication, three foundational
More informationMethods Commission CLUB DE LA SECURITE DE L INFORMATION FRANÇAIS. 30, rue Pierre Semard, 75009 PARIS
MEHARI 2007 Overview Methods Commission Mehari is a trademark registered by the Clusif CLUB DE LA SECURITE DE L INFORMATION FRANÇAIS 30, rue Pierre Semard, 75009 PARIS Tél.: +33 153 25 08 80 - Fax: +33
More informationBroad and Integrative Knowledge. Applied and Collaborative Learning. Civic and Global Learning
1 2 3 4 5 Specialized Knowledge Broad and Integrative Knowledge Intellectual Skills Applied and Collaborative Learning Civic and Global Learning The Degree Qualifications Profile (DQP) provides a baseline
More informationWhat Is a Case Study? series of related events) which the analyst believes exhibits (or exhibit) the operation of
What Is a Case Study? Mitchell (1983) defined a case study as a detailed examination of an event (or series of related events) which the analyst believes exhibits (or exhibit) the operation of some identified
More informationTRU Math Conversation Guide
Release Version Alpha TRU Math Conversation Guide Module A: Contextual Algebraic Tasks This TRU Math Conversation Guide, Module A: Contextual Algebraic Tasks is a product of The Algebra Teaching Study
More informationThe One Page Public Relations Plan
The One Page Public Relations Plan June 2008 Carol A. Scott, APR, Fellow PRSA Bad planning on your part does not constitute an emergency on my part. He who fails to plan, plans to fail. A good plan today
More informationPrinciples and standards in Independent Advocacy organisations and groups
advocacy 2 0 0 0 Principles and standards in Independent Advocacy organisations and groups Advocacy 2000 January 2002 We would like to acknowledge that the Scottish Executive partly funded the editing
More informationINTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS OF PART-TIME WORK
OECD Economic Studies No. 29, 1997/II INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS OF PART-TIME WORK Georges Lemaitre, Pascal Marianna and Alois van Bastelaer TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction... 140 International definitions
More informationReliable, Sustainable and Innovative Risk Management at Axpo
Success Story R2C_risk to chance Reliable, Sustainable and Innovative Risk Management at Axpo With the Schleupen AG R2C_risk to chance, the Swiss energy provider Axpo acquires a tool that will meet even
More informationTHE IMPORTANCE OF EXPENSE MANAGEMENT AUTOMATION
A CERTIFY White Paper THE IMPORTANCE OF EXPENSE MANAGEMENT AUTOMATION The Move From Manual to Automation An in-depth look into the migration from manual expense management practices to automated cloud
More informationSTANDARDIZED WORK 2ND SESSION. Art of Lean, Inc. 1 www.artoflean.com
STANDARDIZED WORK 2ND SESSION 1 STANDARDIZED WORK AND WORK STANDARDS - SESSION 2 AIM (1) Understand the Importance of Standardization in TPS (2) Introduce Various Standards Sheets and Basics of Creation
More informationEthical Theories ETHICAL THEORIES. presents NOTES:
ETHICAL THEORIES SLIDE 1 INTRODUCTORY SLIDE Ethical theories provide part of the decision-making foundation for Decision Making When Ethics Are In Play because these theories represent the viewpoints from
More informationHRQM AND COLLIDING GYROSCOPES AN ALTERNATIVE WAY OF LOOKING AT VALUE CREATION IN ORGANIZATIONS
HRQM AND COLLIDING GYROSCOPES AN ALTERNATIVE WAY OF LOOKING AT VALUE CREATION IN ORGANIZATIONS Study stream Human resource and Quality management JOOP VINKE Arnhem Business School Arnhem, HAN University
More informationSUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AT A GLOBAL LEVEL A CHALLENGE AND AN OPPORTUNITY FOR A LEADING OILFIELD SERVICE COMPANY. Amaar Saeed Khan
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AT A GLOBAL LEVEL A CHALLENGE AND AN OPPORTUNITY FOR A LEADING OILFIELD SERVICE COMPANY Amaar Saeed Khan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: Due to the complex nature of the oil and gas industry,
More informationGrounded Theory. 1 Introduction... 1. 2 Applications of grounded theory... 1. 3 Outline of the design... 2
Grounded Theory Contents 1 Introduction... 1 2 Applications of grounded theory... 1 3 Outline of the design... 2 4 Strengths and weaknesses of grounded theory... 6 5 References... 6 1 Introduction This
More informationUSES OF CONSUMER PRICE INDICES
USES OF CONSUMER PRICE INDICES 2 2.1 The consumer price index (CPI) is treated as a key indicator of economic performance in most countries. The purpose of this chapter is to explain why CPIs are compiled
More information1. Current situation Describe the problem or opportunity (the need for your proposal).
Generic Grant Outline Always check with the sponsor for specific proposal guidelines (and follow them closely), but also become familiar with the generic proposal structure to better understand what information
More informationCOMPETENCY ACC LEVEL PCC LEVEL MCC LEVEL 1. Ethics and Standards
ICF CORE COMPETENCIES RATING LEVELS Adapted from the Minimum Skills Requirements documents for each credential level (Includes will-not-receive-passing-score criteria- gray background) COMPETENCY ACC LEVEL
More informationConfiguration Management
Configuration Management Written Nov. 2004 for UW-Platteville Masters in Project Management Course, Dr. Ginger Levin Instructor. Written by Kay Wais, PMP Successful Projects, LLC The primary advantage
More informationGeneric Proposal Structure
Generic Proposal Structure Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences Grants at North Dakota State University Contact: MeganEven@ndsuedu Follow us: Facebookcom/AHSSGrantsAtNDSU Twittercom/AHSSGrantsNDSU Becoming
More informationManaging Software Development Projects
Managing Software Development Projects Technical Writing (English 4010) University of Wyoming Laramie, Wyoming By Dan Randolph Graduate Student in Computer Science May 09, 2001 CONTENTS page Abstract...........
More informationReflections on Probability vs Nonprobability Sampling
Official Statistics in Honour of Daniel Thorburn, pp. 29 35 Reflections on Probability vs Nonprobability Sampling Jan Wretman 1 A few fundamental things are briefly discussed. First: What is called probability
More informationChristopher Seder Affiliate Marketer
This Report Has Been Brought To You By: Christopher Seder Affiliate Marketer TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION... 3 NOT BUILDING A LIST... 3 POOR CHOICE OF AFFILIATE PROGRAMS... 5 PUTTING TOO MANY OR TOO
More informationInformation Security & the Business: Changing the Conversation
Information Security & the Business: Changing the Conversation James J. Cusick, PMP Chief Security Officer & Director IT Operations Wolters Kluwer, CT Corporation, New York, NY j.cusick@computer.org Introduction
More informationTHE MOTIVATION PROCESS OF HUMAN RESOURCES WITHIN AN ORGANIZATION. Key words: motivation, human resources, performance, efficiency.
100 The motivation process of human resources within an organization THE MOTIVATION PROCESS OF HUMAN RESOURCES WITHIN AN ORGANIZATION Isac Nicoleta University of Piteşti, Faculty of Economics, Romania
More informationThe Principles of Volunteering: why have them?
The Principles of Volunteering: why have them? The Definition and Principles of Volunteering are the result of a national consultation undertaken in 1996 with a wide range of stakeholders including volunteers,
More information1/9. Locke 1: Critique of Innate Ideas
1/9 Locke 1: Critique of Innate Ideas This week we are going to begin looking at a new area by turning our attention to the work of John Locke, who is probably the most famous English philosopher of all
More informationBeing Accountable in Work and Life
Being Accountable in Work and Life Workshop Objectives > Define accountability > Become aware of your own level of accountability > Understand the importance of accountability and how it relates to work
More informationAfrican Leadership in ICT The Leadership Toolbox 360 - Review
African Leadership in ICT The Leadership Toolbox 360 - Review www.gesci.org Session Objectives To present an overview 360-degree feedback tool for assessing leadership behaviour and competency To promote
More informationSUPPORTING LOGISTICS DECISIONS BY USING COST AND PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT TOOLS. Zoltán BOKOR. Abstract. 1. Introduction
SUPPORTING LOGISTICS DECISIONS BY USING COST AND PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT TOOLS Zoltán BOKOR Department of Transport Economics Faculty of Transportation Engineering Budapest University of Technology and
More informationLEADING VALUES AND MORAL DILEMMA DISCUSSIONS
LEADING VALUES AND MORAL DILEMMA DISCUSSIONS Learn step by step how to lead engaging and animated discussions of character, values, and moral issues using hypothetical, curriculum based, or real life dilemmas.
More informationThe fact is that 90% of business strategies are not implemented through operations as intended. Overview
Overview It is important to recognize that a company s network determines its supply chain efficiency and customer satisfaction. Designing an optimal supply chain network means the network must be able
More informationT-MOBILE USES SOCIAL MEDIA ANALYTICS TO BOOST EFFICIENCY
T-MOBILE USES SOCIAL MEDIA ANALYTICS TO BOOST EFFICIENCY The Dutch T-Mobile has been active on social media for almost 5 years now. Initially, their focus was on forums, which have now been accompanied
More informationTerminology and Scripts: what you say will make a difference in your success
Terminology and Scripts: what you say will make a difference in your success Terminology Matters! Here are just three simple terminology suggestions which can help you enhance your ability to make your
More informationICF CORE COMPETENCIES RATING LEVELS
coachfederation.org ICF CORE COMPETENCIES RATING LEVELS Adapted from the Minimum Skills Requirements documents for each credential level Includes will-not-receive-passing-score criteria. COMPETENCY 1.
More information15) GUIDELINES ON THE APPLICATION OF ISO 9001:2000 FOR THE FOOD AND DRINK INDUSTRY
15) GUIDELINES ON THE APPLICATION OF ISO 9001:2000 FOR THE FOOD AND DRINK INDUSTRY INTRODUCTION During the course of these seminars you have come across with the good management standards applicable within
More informationMicrosoft Dynamics Professional Services Telesales Guide
Microsoft Dynamics Professional Services Telesales Guide This telesales guide provides an overview of the information you will need to drive demand for Microsoft Dynamics ERP or CRM solutions with customers
More informationTHE INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIAL MODELS OF DISABILITY
THE INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIAL MODELS OF DISABILITY MIKE OLIVER BA PhD READER IN DISABILITY STUDIES THAMES POLYTECHNIC Paper presented at Joint Workshop of the Living Options Group and the Research Unit of
More informationManaging Variability in Software Architectures 1 Felix Bachmann*
Managing Variability in Software Architectures Felix Bachmann* Carnegie Bosch Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, Pa 523, USA fb@sei.cmu.edu Len Bass Software Engineering Institute Carnegie
More informationPhysician Engagement in CCC
Section 1.4 Assess Physician Engagement in CCC This tool describes the importance of engaging physicians in establishing a community-based care coordination (CCC) program, identifies challenges and their
More informationLITERATURE REVIEWS. The 2 stages of a literature review
LITERATURE REVIEWS Literature reviews. are an integral part of graduate studies to help you become fully conversant with a topic area may be a stand alone paper or part of a research paper or proposal
More informationPre-Sales Requirements Engineering based on Miller Heiman s Sales Approach
Pre-Sales Requirements Engineering based on Miller Heiman s Sales Approach Christoph Oemig Wincor Nixdorf International GmbH, Germany christoph.oemig@wincor-nixdorf.com Abstract. Requirements engineering
More informationFive Tips for Presenting Data Analyses: Telling a Good Story with Data
Five Tips for Presenting Data Analyses: Telling a Good Story with Data As a professional business or data analyst you have both the tools and the knowledge needed to analyze and understand data collected
More information12 A framework for knowledge management
365 12 A framework for knowledge management As those who work in organizations know, organizations are not homogenous entities where grand theoretical systems are easily put in place. Change is difficult.
More informationTwo Papers on Internet Connectivity and Quality. Abstract
Two Papers on Internet Connectivity and Quality ROBERTO ROSON Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche, Università Ca Foscari di Venezia, Venice, Italy. Abstract I review two papers, addressing the issue of
More informationKant s deontological ethics
Michael Lacewing Kant s deontological ethics DEONTOLOGY Deontologists believe that morality is a matter of duty. We have moral duties to do things which it is right to do and moral duties not to do things
More informationAudit Rotation: Impact on Accountants, Firms & India Inc?
Page 1 of 5 Friday: 10.30 pm, Saturday: 11.30 am Sunday: 9:30am & 11.00pm Home About Us Feedback Audit Rotation: Impact on Accountants, Firms & India Inc? Tweet Published on Sat, Dec 03,2011 09:46, Updated
More informationTop 4 Ways Social Media is Helping to Reshape Marketing
Top 4 Ways Social Media is Helping to Reshape Marketing How implementing social media into your business strategy can position your brand for the better Inside, you ll find information on: The ever-changing
More informationMemo. KAB is a customer owned non profit manager of non profit housing associations.
jny/ppa/has Contact information Peter Abbas Consultant T 33 63 11 13 F 33 63 10 11 ppa@kab bolig.dk KAB a customer owned non profit manager of housing associations This paper is intended to give our English
More informationCoaching the team at Work
Coaching the team at Work Introduction While a great deal has been written about coaching individuals, there has been relatively little investigation of coaching teams at work. Yet in discussions with
More information7 Conclusions and suggestions for further research
7 Conclusions and suggestions for further research This research has devised an approach to analyzing system-level coordination from the point of view of product architecture. The analysis was conducted
More informationPART 1 CROSSING EMA. I will pause between the two parts for questions, but if I am not clear enough at any stage please feel free to interrupt.
PART 1 CROSSING EMA Good evening everybody, I d like to start by introducing myself. My name is Andrew Gebhardt and I am part of Finex LLP, a small Investment Manager which amongst other endeavours also
More informationASSESSMENT CENTER FOR IDENTIFYING POTENTIAL PROJECT MANAGERS: A CHANCE FOR SYSTEMATIC HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
ASSESSMENT CENTER FOR IDENTIFYING POTENTIAL PROJECT MANAGERS: A CHANCE FOR SYSTEMATIC HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT Dipl. Psych. Ingo Heyn, ALLIANZ LEBENSVERSICHERUNGS-AG, Germany, 1999 Paper for the 6th
More informationPreparation For Professional Practice - The Hole is Getting Bigger
Preparation For Professional Practice - The Hole is Getting Bigger Margaret-Ann Cook Principal Consultant - Nursing Territory Health Services, Darwin 4th National Rural Health Conference Perth, Western
More informationNotes - Gruber, Public Finance Chapter 20.3 A calculation that finds the optimal income tax in a simple model: Gruber and Saez (2002).
Notes - Gruber, Public Finance Chapter 20.3 A calculation that finds the optimal income tax in a simple model: Gruber and Saez (2002). Description of the model. This is a special case of a Mirrlees model.
More informationPERCEIVED QUALITY IN THE DELIVERY OF BUSINESS SUPPORT SERVICES: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK (WITH PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS)
PERCEIVED QUALITY IN THE DELIVERY OF BUSINESS SUPPORT SERVICES: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK (WITH PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS) Nicola Bellini LINK Research Center Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna Pisa - Italy nbellini@sssup.it
More informationResearch Investments in Large Indian Software Companies
Research Investments in Large Indian Software Companies Pankaj Jalote Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India 208016 jalote@iitk.ac.in, www.cse.iitk.ac.in/users/jalote
More informationPosition of leading German business organisations
Bundesverband des Deutschen Groß- und Außenhandels March 2007 Position of leading German business organisations on Commission staff working document European Credit system for Vocational Education and
More informationThe National Arts Education Standards: Curriculum Standards <http://artsedge.kennedy-center.org/teach/standards/standards.cfm>
Discipline-Based Art Education: Theoretical Curriculum Model Discipline-Based Art Education (DBAE) is an approach to arts education developed and formalized in the early 1980s by the Getty Center for Arts
More informationHow to audit your business strategy
How to audit your business strategy Andrew Carey Why conduct a business strategy audit? Nearly all the major initiatives undertaken by corporate executives today are called strategic. With everything having
More informationAPPROVED VERSION. Centro de Estudios Estratégicos de la Defensa Consejo de Defensa Suramericano Unión de Naciones Suramericanas.
CEED S PRELIMINARY REPORT TO THE SOUTH AMERICAN DEFENSE COUNCIL ON THE TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR THE CONCEPTS OF SECURITY AND DEFENSE IN THE SOUTH AMERICAN REGION The Centre for Strategic Defense Studies
More informationCHAPTER 1 Understanding Ethics
CHAPTER 1 Understanding Ethics Chapter Summary This chapter begins by defining ethics and how people decipher between right and wrong or good and bad behavior. It explores how people live their lives according
More informationManagement Principles CORPORATE LEARNING COURSE TEAM BUILDING BLOCK SEMINAR 3.4
LESSON PLAN Management Principles CORPORATE LEARNING COURSE TEAM BUILDING BLOCK SEMINAR 3.4 SCOPE This seminar discusses the basic principles of management. This lesson will help you comprehend how to
More informationEthical Conduct in Youth Work
Ethical Conduct in Youth Work a statement of values and principles from The National Youth Agency Reprinted December 2004 Eastgate House, 19 23 Humberstone Road, Leicester LE5 3GJ. Tel: 0116 242 7350.
More informationThe labour market, I: real wages, productivity and unemployment 7.1 INTRODUCTION
7 The labour market, I: real wages, productivity and unemployment 7.1 INTRODUCTION Since the 1970s one of the major issues in macroeconomics has been the extent to which low output and high unemployment
More informationSchool of Law. Guidelines for Writing a Research Proposal
School of Law Guidelines for Writing a Research Proposal Applications for entry into the MPhil/PhD programme with the School of Law at Queen Mary, University of London, must include a research proposal.
More information15th annual product management and marketing survey
15th annual product management and marketing survey About the Survey The 15th Annual Product Management and Marketing Survey was conducted by Pragmatic Marketing between November 19 and December 19, 014
More informationSo You d Like a Sport Psychology Consultant to Work With Your Team? Three Key Lessons Learned from Olympic Teams
So You d Like a Sport Psychology Consultant to Work With Your Team? Three Key Lessons Learned from Olympic Teams Sean McCann, Senior Sport Psychologist, United States Olympic Committee I first started
More informationCorporate Social Responsibility and Reporting in Denmark:
Corporate Social Responsibility and Reporting in Denmark: Impact of the third year subject to the legal requirements for reporting on CSR in the Danish Financial Statements Act Foreword The impact of
More informationFive Core Principles of Successful Business Architecture
Five Core Principles of Successful Business Architecture Authors: Greg Suddreth and Whynde Melaragno Strategic Technology Architects (STA Group, LLC) Sponsored by MEGA Presents a White Paper on: Five Core
More informationTEACHER IDENTITY AND DIALOGUE: A COMMENT ON VAN RIJSWIJK, AKKERMAN & KOSTER. Willem Wardekker VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
International Journal for Dialogical Science Spring 2013. Vol. 7, No. 1, 61-65 Copyright 2013 by Willem Wardekker TEACHER IDENTITY AND DIALOGUE: A COMMENT ON VAN RIJSWIJK, AKKERMAN & KOSTER Willem Wardekker
More informationCHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS, DISCUSSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS. 5.1. Summary and Conclusions
Event Marketing in IMC 93 CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS, DISCUSSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS 5.1. Summary and Conclusions In the face of the increasing value of event marketing as a tool of Integrated
More informationaccel team jobs depend on it
Advancing employee productivity accel team jobs depend on it Supervisory guides to performance improvement PLANNING EMPLOYEE TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT Developing a process that will meet the goals of the
More informationThe Basics of a Compensation Program
The Basics of a Compensation Program Learning Objectives By the end of this chapter, you should be able to: List three ways in which compensation plays a role in the management of the enterprise. Describe
More informationAction Steps for Setting Up a Successful Home Web Design Business
Action Steps for Setting Up a Successful Home Web Design Business In this document you'll find all of the action steps included in this course. As you are completing these action steps, please do not hesitate
More informationWRITING A CRITICAL ARTICLE REVIEW
WRITING A CRITICAL ARTICLE REVIEW A critical article review briefly describes the content of an article and, more importantly, provides an in-depth analysis and evaluation of its ideas and purpose. The
More informationWho is in charge: Corporate Communications or Corporate Marketing?
Who is in charge: Corporate or Corporate Marketing? A European survey amongst the top reputation leading companies i Markus Will, Malte Probst and Thomas Schmidt, ii Centre for Corporate, mcm institute
More informationThe Leadership Pipeline Ram Charan, Stephen Drotter, and James Noel
The Big Idea The Leadership Pipeline Ram Charan, Stephen Drotter, and James Noel There is a growing need to develop leaders within many corporations. The demand for leaders greatly outpaces the supply.
More informationPartnership Form of Organization
Partnership Form of Organization A partnership is an association of two or more persons to carry on as co-owners of a business for profit. Partnerships are sometimes used in small retail, service, or manufacturing
More informationQuality Meets the CEO
Quality Meets the CEO Jeffery E. Payne jepayn@rstcorp.com Reliable Software Technologies Corporate management does not care about quality. This is the cold, hard reality of the software world. Management
More informationOrganizational Needs Assessment An Overview Strategies for Community Based Organizations
Organizational Needs Assessment An Overview Strategies for Community Based Organizations The Office of Minority Health Resource Center Carolyn Kuali`i & Henry Ocampo What is an Organizational Needs Assessment?
More informationThe Morningstar Sustainable Investing Handbook
The Morningstar Sustainable Investing Handbook Dear Investor, I founded Morningstar in 1984 because I wanted to make high-quality investment information available to everyday investors to help inform their
More informationTime Series Forecasting Techniques
03-Mentzer (Sales).qxd 11/2/2004 11:33 AM Page 73 3 Time Series Forecasting Techniques Back in the 1970s, we were working with a company in the major home appliance industry. In an interview, the person
More informationINVENTORY OF GOOD PRACTICES ON OPEN INNOVATION Business Angels Region Stuttgart
INVENTORY OF GOOD PRACTICES ON OPEN INNOVATION Business Angels Region Stuttgart Stuttgart Region, Germany Table of contents 1. Good Practice Profile... 3 2. Good Practice General Description... 6 3. Good
More informationThe Evolution of Leadership Theory
1 The Evolution of Leadership Theory Although the practice of leadership has changed considerably over time, the need for leaders and leadership has not (Bass, 1990a; Kouzes & Posner, 1995). Already in
More informationKEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS (KPIS): DEFINE AND ACT
KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS (KPIS): DEFINE AND ACT Integrating KPIs into your company s strategy By Jacques Warren WHITE PAPER ABOUT JACQUES WARREN Jacques Warren has been working in online marketing for
More informationQuick Preview PROPERTY DAMAGE
Quick Preview PROPERTY DAMAGE You are you first priority, take care of you first Understand rental insurance, towing and storage costs Figure out what kind of insurance coverage you have Choose a reputable
More informationImplementing Portfolio Management: Integrating Process, People and Tools
AAPG Annual Meeting March 10-13, 2002 Houston, Texas Implementing Portfolio Management: Integrating Process, People and Howell, John III, Portfolio Decisions, Inc., Houston, TX: Warren, Lillian H., Portfolio
More informationWhat is Organizational Communication?
What is Organizational Communication? By Matt Koschmann Department of Communication University of Colorado Boulder 2012 So what is organizational communication? And what are we doing when we study organizational
More informationChoosing Human Resources Development Interventions
Choosing Human Resources Development Interventions JP Singh Singh argues that top management should examine the managerial culture of the group and the organization before introducing change through human
More informationElements of a Novel and Narrative Writing Grade 10
Ohio Standards Connection Literary Text Benchmark B Explain and analyze how the context of setting and the author s choice of point of view impact a literary text. Indicator 2 Analyze the features of setting
More informationPolicy on Mixed Migration. Adopted by the Council 2008 Revised may 2009 to include and refletc climate change concerns
Policy on Mixed Migration Adopted by the Council 2008 Revised may 2009 to include and refletc climate change concerns Policy on Mixed Migration 1. The growing complexity of migration in a globalized world
More informationThe three most important things in retailing are location, location and location.
Location Introduction Most business studies textbooks can t resist starting a section on business location with the following phrase: The three most important things in retailing are location, location
More informationCenter for Effective Organizations
Center for Effective Organizations HR METRICS AND ANALYTICS USES AND IMPACTS CEO PUBLICATION G 04-8 (460) EDWARD E. LAWLER III ALEC LEVENSON JOHN BOUDREAU Center for Effective Organizations Marshall School
More informationBIBA Report on the Importance of Advice in the Small to Medium Enterprise Market
BIBA Report on the Importance of Advice in the Small to Medium Enterprise Market The best insurance is a BIBA broker www.biba.org.uk Member helpline: 0845 77 00 266 The FSA define advice as an opinion
More informationFAMILY MATTERS PARENTING AGREEMENT FOR SCOTLAND PLAN
FAMILY MATTERS PARENTING AGREEMENT FOR SCOTLAND PLAN CONTENTS 2 3 4 Introduction Putting your children first Effective communication Future arrangements for your children: 7 9 11 13 15 17 18 19 20 - living
More informationBizdev Basics: Launching Your New Product Line
Bizdev Basics: Launching Your New Product Line As a printer today, you are certainly very aware that competition is fierce and you need to set your business apart and make it stand out from the rest. You
More information