Automated Resource Management in Virtualized Data Centers

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1 Automted Resource Mngement in Virtulized Dt Centers Shrd Singhl Xioyun Zhu Hewlett Pcrd Lbortories VMwre Inc. IM 9 Tutoril: Recent Advnces in the Appliction of Control Theory to Networ nd Service Mngement 8 Hewlett-Pcrd Development Compny, L.P. The informtion contined herein is subject to chnge without notice

2 Outline Bcground Virtulized dt center Server consolidtion nd virtuliztion Chllenges in worlod mngement Control bsics Cse studies utiliztion control [DSOM 5] Appliction response time control [ACC 6] Predictive control Temporl prediction [NOMS 6] Performnce models [FeBID 7] Multi-input multi-output control Summry Memory + control [IM 9 MiniConference] + dis control [Eurosys 9] 9 June 9 Recent Advnces in the Appliction of Control Theory to Networ nd Services Mngement

3 Virtulized dt center A lrge-scle shred hosting pltform Virtuliztion enbles resource shring Improved utiliztion Higher compute density More efficient Issues Reduced performnce isoltion worlod worlod Virtulized Server WS A Virtulized Server AS DB 3 Virtulized Server N DBS AS 3 Appliction worlod 3 Service levels more susceptible to worlod vritions worlod m WS m AS m DBS 4 worlod June 9 Recent Advnces in the Appliction of Control Theory to Networ nd Services Mngement

4 MRT Utiliztion v Chllenges Need for dptive control pproches Most pplictions show multi-modl behvior Certin operting regions uncontrollble Metrics of interest do not chnge with resource quntity Operting regions shift with worlod For given chnge in metrics, different quntity of resource is needed in the different regions Mnully tuned or time-invrint techniques re in-pproprite Do not support wide rnge of worlods A threshold pproprite for worlod vlleys is inpproprite for pes Not menble to utomtion humns re in the loop Z. Wng et. l, Utiliztion nd SLO-bsed control for dynmic sizing of resource prtitions, DSOM June 9 Recent Advnces in the Appliction of Control Theory to Networ nd Services Mngement Rte= Rte=4 Rte=6 Rte=7 Rte=9 Rte= Entitlement u Rte= Rte=4 Rte=6 Rte=7 Rte=9 Rte= Entitlement u 4

5 Key technology enblers Server consolidtion nd virtuliztion Continer: encpsultes shre of server resources, memory, networ I/O, dis I/O Provides performnce isoltion Actutor: APIs for dynmic resource lloction to continers Controller: Worlod mngement tools e.g., HP WLM cn dynmiclly size continer to mintin trget utiliztion trget metrics - error Controller resource lloction Actutor resource shres worlod mesured metrics Continer 5 9 June 9 Recent Advnces in the Appliction of Control Theory to Networ nd Services Mngement

6 Utiliztion control Controller nd setup Control Structure: Error in utiliztion e - Desired utiliztion r Controller: Adptive I controller lloction u Demnd d System Mesured utiliztion r u u K e Z. Wng et. l, Utiliztion nd SLO-bsed control for dynmic sizing of resource prtitions, DSOM 5. I Mesured response time/request Testbed: Computer Computer Worlod genertor httperf Sensor A demnd Computer : LPr Netserver, Pentium III, Red Ht Linux 7.3 ernel.4.8, Httperf Computer : Dul processor, HP 9-L server, PA-RISC processor, HP-UX B., WLM 3., Apche server Continer Apche lloc Actutor/ Sensor B PRM/WLM usge Controller lloc Desired utiliztion 6 9 June 9 Recent Advnces in the Appliction of Control Theory to Networ nd Services Mngement

7 Utiliztion control: Comprison of feedbc control vs dptive control 3 r.8, K I Worlod Throughput Loss 3 K I v.5 r Worlod Throughput Loss Alloction Usge Alloction Usge Men RT Trget Utiliztion Mesured Utiliztion Men RT Trget Utiliztion Mesured Utiliztion Alloc MRT Std of MRT Alloc MRT Std of MRT June 9 Recent Advnces in the Appliction of Control Theory to Networ nd Services Mngement

8 Response time control Controller nd setup - r Control Structure: Error in utiliztion e r Adptive I controller Mesured utiliztion r lloction u Integrl controller Utiliztion bounds [r L, r H ] Demnd d System Error in RT e y X. Zhu et. l, Utility driven worlod mngement using nested control design, ACC 6. Mesured RT 8 9 June 9 Recent Advnces in the Appliction of Control Theory to Networ nd Services Mngement y y v Inner loop: u u r r ~ r Outer loop: r r j r j KI y y j j min r,mx r, ~ r j H L - Mesured response time/request Testbed: Computer Computer Worlod genertor httperf Sensor A demnd MRT usge Computer : LPr Netserver, Pentium III, Red Ht Linux 7.3 ernel.4.8, Httperf Computer : Dul processor, HP 9-L server, PA-RISC processor, HP-UX B., WLM 3., Apche server Continer Apche lloc Actutor/ Sensor B PRM/WLM Controller lloc Desired utiliztion/ MRT

9 Response time control: Comprison of feedbc control vs nested dptive control 3 Single Loop Worlod Throughput Loss 3 Nested Worlod Throughput Loss Alloction Usge Alloction Usge Utiliztion Men RT MRT y = sec Men RT 4 Utiliztion MRT y = sec, Utiliztion bounds r =[5%, 95%] 9 9 June 9 Recent Advnces in the Appliction of Control Theory to Networ nd Services Mngement

10 utiliztion utiliztion Predictive control Enterprise worlod Time hours Time hours 9 June 9 Recent Advnces in the Appliction of Control Theory to Networ nd Services Mngement

11 Predictive control Controller nd setup Testbed: Linux/Xen Control Structure: Domin-: Linux r Predictor vˆ Controller u vˆ / r v v m lloction u Time dely Demnd System d usge v Mesured utiliztion r Domin- Xen sensor usge Apche Controller cycles SEDF scheduler lloction Temporl Predictor: A Multi-Pulse MP model for prediction: vˆ m i v W. Xu et. l, Predictive control for dynmic resource lloction in enterprise dt centers, NOMS 6. i n i 9 June 9 Recent Advnces in the Appliction of Control Theory to Networ nd Services Mngement Desired Utiliztion - HP ProLint DL36 G4 dul Xeon processors - Xen unstble version -Apche web server - Linux ernel.6. - httperf.8

12 utiliztion utiliztion Predictive Control Comprison of feedbc control vs predictive control.4.3. PI controller Time hours Time hours Alloction Demnd predictive controller Time hours b Time hours 6/9/9

13 msec trns/min Predictive control Controller nd Model Control Structure: 8 Trnsction Mix Trns A Trns B Trns C AutoPrm 6 RT T FF Feed-Forwrd Controller N Trnsction Mix Client 4 + RT - T FB Feedbc Controller U + MRT Men Response Time U mdl U U U U3 t T UC Utiliztion Controller Utiliztion Controller Utiliztion Controller 3 E E G U U t G t t t t FB C / U, t Z. Wng et. l, AutoPrm: Automted control of ppliction level performnce in virtulized server environments, FeBID 7. t 3 9 June 9 Recent Advnces in the Appliction of Control Theory to Networ nd Services Mngement E C E C E 3 C 3 WWW Server App. Server DB server U m U m G RT RT m / RT RT j N j j N ij ij T j N ij t U U mdl it mdl it min Top 3 trnsction types in n enterprise ppliction Averge worlod intensity trnsctions/sec These three types ccount for 6% of ll trnsctions T UC < T FB < T FF Model Accurcy, 3, 9 sec MRT Estimted MRT Mesured min

14 # of s % msec # of s # of s % % msec msec Predictive Control : Comprison of feedbc control vs feedforwrd control MRT trget dshed red nd mesurement solid blue MRT trget dshed red nd mesurement solid blue b Utiliztion trgets U solid blue b Utiliztion trgets U mdl dshed red nd U solid blue c of App server: entitled dshed red nd consumed solid blue Feedbc only c of App server: entitled dshed red nd consumed solid blue Feedforwrd only MRT trget dshed red nd mesurement solid blue b Utiliztion trgets U mdl dshed red nd U solid blue c of App server: entitled dshed red nd consumed solid blue Feedbc+Feedforwrd Controller designs trget, model FF + UC 3ms, good model FF + UC 3ms, bd model AutoPrm 3ms, good model AutoPrm 3ms, bd model 4 9 June 9 Recent Advnces in the Appliction of Control Theory to Networ nd Services Mngement MRT ms Totl entitlement # of s

15 Response TimeSec Response TimeSec Multi-Input Multi-Output Control Joint control of memory nd cpu Appliction SLOs mem Controller Memory Controller Mesured ppliction performnce Mesured resource usge lloctions Mem lloctions Memory Controller mem VMM Scheduler Memory Mnger Mesured resource usge Mesured ppliction performnce mem mem mem mem VM App VM n App n u u v r r / r Controller u u v r r / r cpu cpu cpu cpu cpu r cpu i rcpu i RT RT i / cpu RT Sr Sn mem cpu Sp Sp erence joint controllers controller only Time Intervl xsec erence joint controllers controller only J. Heo et. l, Memory overbooing nd dynmic control of Xen virtul mchines in consolidted environments, IM 9 mini-conference MC June 9 Recent Advnces in the Appliction of Control Theory to Networ nd Services Mngement Time Intervl xsec

16 6 9 June 9 Recent Advnces in the Appliction of Control Theory to Networ nd Services Mngement Multi-Input Multi-Output Control Joint control of dis nd cpu y y y T T u b u b Model Cost Function q y J u u Solution * q y y q T T u b u b I b b u P. Pdl et. l, Automted control of multiple virtulized resources, Eurosys % utiliztion Time utiliztion Dis utiliztion

17 Multi-Input Multi-Output Control Joint control of dis nd cpu Testbed setup Mnging bottlenec chnges Sclbility Tests P. Pdl et. l, Automted control of multiple virtulized resources, Eurosys June 9 Recent Advnces in the Appliction of Control Theory to Networ nd Services Mngement

18 Summry Mnging ppliction performnce in virtulized environments is chllenging problem Control theory bsed pproches offer solutions On-line dpttion to environmentl chnges Rpid response to trnsient disturbnces Generl techniques te dvntge of significnt body of literture Proven using cse studies Utiliztion control Appliction response times nd throughput Performnce differentition Integrtion with other worlod plcement, dmission control, nd cpcity plnning techniques 8 9 June 9 Recent Advnces in the Appliction of Control Theory to Networ nd Services Mngement

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