Smart Sustainable Cities and Communities: Status Report of Triple Helix Projects in Norway

Transcription

1 1 Smart Sustainable Cities and Communities: Status Report of Triple Helix Projects in Norway Annemie Wyckmans & many others NTNU Faculty of Architecture and Fine Art Japan-Norway Energy Science Week, Tokyo, May LinkedIn: «Smarte byer og bygder»

2 Cities as polluters Smart Sustainable Cities = Energy-Efficient, Climate-Resilient, Health-Promoting, Inclusive & Attractive by default

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4 Solar Smart Grids Industries Energy Systems Integration Zero Emission Buildings / Neighbourhoods?? Wind Smart Sustainable Cities

5 Smart City: From Science to Practice (and back)

6 How can research contribute? Now In 20 years from now What kind of research is needed now in order to help cities reach their longterm visions in terms of energy, greenhouse gas emissions and sustainability? How can we contribute to develop the right indicators and assessment methods to help cities in their transformation to a low carbon society? How can we contribute to provide science-based information as decision support for cities that need to make risky decisions? (i.e., not business as usual)

7 Lots of definitions, some common ground Designed as urban innovation ecosystems Use of ICT-enabled systems and tools Tackle complex environmental and sustainability challenges Optimize performance of urban infrastructures, services & processes Towards a low-carbon society with high quality of life

8 Smart technologies Wireless Trondheim & MazeMap Tracking movement patterns indoors & outdoors to learn more about how spaces are used Contact persons John Krogstie (NTNU) & Thomas Jelle (MazeMap)

9 Smart people What does having customised information at all times mean for our dialy lives, for the manner in which we use buildings and the city? Illustration: EU project «MyNeighbourhood»; Contact person Sobah Petersen (SINTEF Technology and Society)

10 10 Annemie Wyckmans, 24.oktober 2013, Inneklimadagen Oslo Smart Design: Robust integration When everything functions as intended we hardly notice it

11 11 Annemie Wyckmans, 24.oktober 2013, Inneklimadagen Oslo while poor design and errors are perceived very quickly, can create severe hindrances in our daily lives, and diminish our quality of life

12 Energy Water Transport Buildings Green structures ICT Waste Food... Integrated infrastructures Urban ecosystems Who is responsible for the integration between different sectors?

13 Towards Zero Emission Buildings Powerhouse Kjørbo; Sandvika / Bærum ; Illustration SNØHETTA / MIR.

14 Towards Zero Emission Buildings Powerhouse Kjørbo; Sandvika / Bærum ; Illustration SNØHETTA / MIR

15 IEA Task 51 Solar Energy in Urban Planning Photo: Gabriele Lobaccaro

16 SINTEF & NTNU (KPI-SEC) Key Performance Indicators for Smart Energy Communities Country Level City Level District Level Building Level Energy use per capita; Energy use per unit of GDP; Reserves-to-production ratio; Non-carbon energy share in energy and electricity; Net energy import dependency; Percentage of income spent on energy; Storage capacity; Security of supply, etc Total residential electrical energy use per capita; Percentage of city populations with authorized electrical service; Energy consumption of public buildings; Percentage from renewables of total energy use; Impact on teh electricity network; Air pollution; Charging networks; Intelligent transport systems; Average commuting times; Value of fuel savings etc Reductions in CO2 emissions; Life cycle costs; Air pollution; Import and export of energy; K2H/m2 per hours of occupancy; CO2/travel km; Distance to public transport nodes; Frequency of public transport; Cycling networks; Integration of RES; Intelligent transport facilities etc Energy demand in kwh/m2 floor area; Delivered and primary energy in kwh/m2 floor area; Power demand; CO2 emissions from materials, construction and operation; Life cycle energy costs; Load match and grid interaction indicators; User interaction etc

17 COST TU0902 iaforcities.com Integrated Assessment of Cities

18 Integrated assessment methods e.g. London ntegratedsystemsdemonstrationscities/ Contact person: Richard Dawson (Newcastle University)

19 RAMSES Reconciling Climate Change Adaptation, Mitigation and Sustainable Development in Cities

20 ZenN Near Zero Energy Neighbourhoods. Energy Efficient Renovation of Domestic Building Blocks

21 COSSMIC Collaborating Smart Solar-Powered Microgrids

22 Governance and Public Participation

23 : Energy fficiency test buildings at NTNU campus 2014: ZEB Living Lab & Test Cell Long-Term Planning, Acting & Monitoring

24 Urban Lab Trondheim Landuse & transportation planning ZEB buildings Smart Cities Low energy/ emission neighborhood planning Health promoting areas Social inclusion & participatory processes Urban governance Public space and Art

25 Kunnskap for en bedre verden 25 Contact person: Hogne Nersund Larsen (Asplan Viak) & Simon Loveland (Trondheim municipality)

26 Engagement of professional and end user communities Research + Industry + Public governance + Citizens + Funding organisations + Insurance + Politicians +...

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28 Norwegian cooperation Bodø on smart cities Trondheim Capacity building Project workshops Bergen Stavanger Oslo Skien Kristiansand Mobilisation workshops Presentation of regional activities

29 Stavanger won a prestigious European Horizon 2020 project as smart city lighthouse in Trondheim has applied, with support of NTNU, SINTEF and a range of local companies, in 2015

30 Kunnskap for en bedre verden 30 Contact persons: Eivind Sommerseth (Research Council Norway) & Asgeir Jordbru (Bodø municipality)

31 Triple Helix Cooperation between cities, industry & research to optimise knowledge transfer and learning, document experiences, and avoid mistakes already made by others COST Action TU0902

32 Joint Program Smart Cities A virtual centre of excellence within EERA European Energy Research Alliance 66 research centres & universities, incl 2 umbrella organizations & 5 industry partners 262 person years per year Support transformation towards smart, energy-efficient, liveable, sustainable cities in EU City Advisory Board (2/deltagerland) Norge: Trondheim & Oslo ( ) EU-skyggegruppen har som formål å øke norsk deltagelse i EU-prosjekter og nettverk tilknyttet energieffektive bygninger / smarte byer og tettsteder. Prosjektet kjøres av NTNU og SINTEF Byggforsk, og er finansiert av Contact persons in Norway: Medvirkningsordningen til Norges forskningsråd, prosjektnummer Annemie. Wyckmans (NTNU) Epost: smartcities@ab.ntnu.no, LinkedIN: Smarte byer og bygder; Nettside: & Mads Mysen (SINTEF Byggforsk)

33 A new role for buildings in generating, distributing, consuming, storing, and saving energy at urban scale? Coordination Meeting Review JP Smart Cities, Vienna, 26 February 2013

34 Identifying / Measuring Added Value What happens around when all new buildings become NZEB? (EPBD) When all buildings need to generate part of their own energy => interaction with the grid, with other buildings is a core issue What kind of added value are we looking for? Primary Energy User Services Quality of Energy (optimal energy use) Scale Quantification of Rebound Effect Link to indicators USER CITY Cities website Level 3 Activity: Knowledge Platform BUILDING MOBILITY 34

35 KPIs for Energy-efficient Interactive Buildings in Smart Cities (EeIB) What is the role of buildings in Smart Cities? Definition / Vision of EeIB Key Performance Indicators for EeIB (KPI) Assessment of Added Value / Cost of EeIB KPIs Building Energy System Integration Methodology for developing KPIs Quantitative & qualitative Purpose of KPI (design, evaluation, modelling, performance, informative, regulation ) Target group for KPI (city managers, grid operators, researchers, general public ) Establish priorities (core dimensions, parameters, data) Establish co-benefits & conflicts (e.g., efficiency vs adaptation, redundancy) Specify temporal and spatial level (building, neighborhood/district, municipality, ) Benchmarking Transferability across cities 35

36 Building Energy System Integration Design and operation of buildings as active optimal components in the eenrgy system of the Smart City Optimisation parameters Available flexibility (see NB!) Renovation-level Building typologies, design process Integration of renewables / mix of energy resources KPIs Building Energy System Integration Constraints Comfort/User behaviour Development over lifetime / usage of buildings Robustness of energy system National policies General lack of information/representative data NB! The main function of the building will always be a place where people live/work first priority 36

37 Added value Smart buildings / cities do things for people that they would not do themselves KPIs Building Energy System Integration Services What are you optimizing for? E.g., GHG, cost, energy, comfort, resilience (all? Service with the least amount of impact) Optimizing at which scale? Building + District + City + How to identify potential conflicts, co-benefits, synergies? How to identify opportunities for intervention? Need for Key Performance Indicators A way to systemize, common repository of data Measure towards which you can optimise, decision support Hierarchical approach for optimization and control structure Validate modelling/prediction real-world performance Benchmark for comparison, improvement 37

38 Feedback summary KPIs Building Energy System Integration Requirements for KPIs: Concise not too many KPIs Being dynamic, how they are varying together Correct scale (Building to neighbourhood/district, clusters, not individual Upgrading existing policy/framework in cities, models, regulations KPIs linking buildings to Smart Cities (bottom up + top down) Representation of the rest of the system when designing buildings (e.g., what does flexibility mean?) Buildings Smart Cities 38

39 Feedback summary KPIs Building Energy System Integration KPIs should reflect how people are using buildings & the city Qualitative Quantitative (e.g count how many people use green areas/common areas/public spaces and for how long do they use it and for which purposes (ref study in Denmark by Jan Gehl) Socio technical systems, e.g. the aging society Energy budget for people (smart phone cost og comfort) Cheap loans for EEIB Incentives for developers/owners 39

40 Feedback summary KPIs Building Energy System Integration KPIs should assure adaptability (short / long term) for many parameters e.g. Climate change Regulations Cost issues Different usages of the building over the lifetime, day/night etc Demand energy response Include innovation, e.g. in terms of RES, storage Include probability of future events Resilience of building energy systems integration: Security Robustness Flexibility Connectivity Cascading effects Responsiveness Hierarchy Redundancy Diversity 40

41 Towards a Knowledge Platform for Energy-Efficient Interactive Buildings Distinction according to beneficiaries Cases and pilots Data sets (open) and protocols involvement of industry? Business models Information from different levels (Buildings, cities, regional and national) Systems for forecast and load management (Production, weather and load) Development and sharing of tools and applications Supporting ICT structure Systemic approach development EU wide database on user / energy data Level 2 Activity: Repository of all SP3 output on the EERA JP Smart Cities website Level 3 Activity: Knowledge Platform 41

42 Solar Smart Grids Industries Energy Systems Integration Zero Emission Buildings / Neighbourhoods?? Wind Smart Sustainable Cities

43 43 Smart Sustainable Cities and Communities: Status Report of Triple Helix Projects in Norway Annemie Wyckmans & many others NTNU Faculty of Architecture and Fine Art Japan-Norway Energy Science Week, Tokyo, May LinkedIn: «Smarte byer og bygder»