Internet surveillance - The Main Advantages
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1 INTERNET TECHNOLOGY: LIBERATING OR CONTROLLING? Dr. Farid Farahmand War & Peace Series Fall 2013
2 So!. Is the Internet technology! Internet has opened a new dimension of communications giving us more control! Facilitated out lives! Yet, it has become a tool of control! OR! governments and corporations continue to control flow, content, use, and infrastructure taking us under control?
3 Information Technology Nano- Technology Food processing and Agriculture Information Technology Other! Manufacturing Automotive & Robotics Semi-conductor Battery/Wind/ Solar Energy
4 Information Processing Cycle IT technology allows us to perform information Data processing cycle Information Technology Nano- Technology Inform. Food processing and Agriculture Manufacturing Information Technology Other! Automotive & Robotics Semi-conductor Battery/Wind/ Solar Energy
5 Information Processing Cycle Information Technology Data Inform. Manipulate/Store Nano- Technology Food processing and Agriculture Information Technology Other! Manufacturing Automotive & Robotics Semi-conductor Battery/Wind/ Solar Energy
6 IT Impacting All Other Technologies Digitizing the Information Nano- Technology Automotive Others Information Technology DIGITIZING THE DATA Semi-conductor Manufacturing Battery/Wind
7 IT Impacting All Other Technologies - Utilized by all other technologies Nano- Technology Others Information Technology DIGITIZING THE DATA Manufacturing Automotive Semi-conductor Battery/Wind
8 Internet & IT Infrastructure!The Internet is the enabling technology Internet
9 Internet & WWW!The World Wide Web is a technology that can provides many services over the Internet!! Finding Directions!! Shopping!! Chatting!! Music!! News!! File Sharing WWW
10 Access to the Internet Services - Increasingly via Smartphones Mainframes: Large machines, Limited access PCs: Promising Individual Freedom Laptops: Offering mobility Smart Phones: Anytime, anywhere! (smaller & more powerful) Today about half of Internet users in the U.S. use their smartphones to get online!
11 Smartphones: Integrated Part of Our Lives! 125 million iphones in million ipads in million Androids in 2013
12 Smartphones: Anywhere, Anytime! 3.37 Billion worldwide accounts 40 percent of people with iphones said they'd rather give up brushing their teeth for a week than go without their phone! (Chicago Tribune, 2011 ) Have access to cell phones Text Blindfolded! Percent who said they could only go a few hours without their mobile phone: 34%
13 I Cannot Get on the Internet!
14 What Were the Early Expectations of the Internet?
15 Early Expectations Early 70 s! Internet became the technology of liberation! Techno-utopian dreamers were promising a cybernetic meadow! Fred Turner coined the term Virtual Reality:! A technological paradise where people are linked together! An unconstrained reality free from existing physical, social & political boundaries! The WWW brought the notion of Heavenly City Promising liberation from rules and routines
16 The Reality of the Internet Fast forward 40 years! The Internet turned out to be an extremely powerful and a mysterious technology! Revolutionized our lives & empowered us in many ways! Education, Commerce, Healthcare, etc.! It has also become an instrument of bureaucratic control! Created a conduit for profiting & monitoring
17 In ten minutes!
18 Getting Connected to the Internet 18:87:00:bf:99: ! Internet-enabled Device! Each device has a unique hardware address 2.! Internet Service Provider (ISP)! Examples: AT&T, Vertizon, Netzero, etc.! They provide IP (Internet Protocol) address! Also offer services such as , web page, etc. 3.! Physical Connection! Provided by the phone company or the ISP IP: :87:00:bf:99:0
19 The Internet In Action Addressing IP: f0:f4:79:50:df:b6 HEADER IP: MAC: f0:f4:79:50:df:b6 ISP & Location The Internet
20 Tracing A Simple From YAHOO! HEADER IP: MAC: f0:f4:79:50:df:b6 ISP & Location
21
22 The Internet In Action Message Blocking (Firewall) IP: flexnet.com f0:f4:79:50:df:b6 The Internet
23 The Internet In Action Message Content Monitoring Lunch? Server IP: Lunch?
24 The Internet In Action Metadata Monitoring IP: To: Joe Metadata NOT Encrypted) Data Content (Payload) Maybe Encrypted From To Data: Let s Have Lunch
25 Metadata: What Does it Reveal?! Putting subtle pattern out of your data! Are you pregnant?! Are you Sick?! Where are you going to school?! Are you moving out?! Are you traveling soon?! Finding your connections! Whom are you communicating with Metadata is NOT encrypted! Does it mean we can collect them? MIT MEDIA LAB: Immersion Software
26 Who is Running the Internet? Internet Traffic Drop by 40% When Google Goes down for 2 min.! Server OR
27 The Big Picture Each Click Generates Revenue! Server!! Bulk data collection!! Out interests!! Purchasing patterns!! Impacting out Actions OR
28 Smartphones: Becoming More Traceable Digital Trail Reveal Our Connections Reveal Private Information
29 So!.! Internet has opened a new dimension of communications! Facilitated out lives Internet has changed our lives!! Yet, it has become a tool of control!! governments and corporations continue to control flow, content, use, and infrastructure Yet, It is increasingly becoming a tool to monitor & control!
30 Internet: Enabling Technology of Control!for very good reasons! Corporate Control of The Internet Government Control of The Internet 1-National Security! Terrorism! Preserve sovereignty 2-National Laws! cyber crime! child porn.,! Gambling,! Intel. property rights,! etc.)
31 Internet Liberation- A Common Perception Once the Internet reaches a country it is an unstoppable liberating force Color Revolutions of the former Soviet Union, it was mobile phones Saffron Revolution in Burma, it was YouTube Green Movement in Iran, it was Twitter
32 Internet Liberation An Illusion?!Governments are becoming more powerful & capable to control their domestic Internet!! Sophisticated filtering technology! Subtle removal of Web requests! Tracing s! Arresting bloggers For States: Internet is not the Problem! The trouble is Uncontrolled Internet Use!
33 Controlling The Internet: Governments Asking to Censor the Internet! In the second half of 2011 the total number of government requests to Google jumped by 103 percent! Google complied with 63 percent of the requests Google Transparency Report Content Removal Request 1,811 (18,070) Time Period Ending 2,285 (24,179)
34 Controlling The Internet: Governments Censoring The Internet 2011 Examples Spain: requested removal of 270 search results that linked to improper blogs and sites Canada: ordered removal of a YouTube clip disfiguring a public document (a man urinating on his Canadian passport) Thailand: requested blocking local users from viewing more than 100 videos insulting the monarchy Turkey: ordered restricting access to videos insulting the founder of modern Turkey (Ataturk)
35 Controlling The Internet: Blocking/Filtering! Saudi Arabia: The government filters any topics related to drugs, bombs, alcohol, gambling - authorities receive over 1,200 requests everyday to have web pages blocked! Kuwait: A 20 year old blogger gets 10 years in prison for defaming the Saudi & Bahraini government! Bahrain: Nabeel Rajab, president of the Bahrain Center for Human Rights was sentenced on July 10 to three months in prison for a tweet June 2013: WhatsApp must! Oman: Four young men received 3-6 months in prison for posting on social establish networks a local server that! U.K.: A 17 year allows old was detained officials after to monitor sending a malicious tweet to British Olympic Diver: You let your dad down, I hope you know it user activity!! Israel: "Facebook posts and Twitter feed matter of state security We [the censors] try to operate within the internet only in terms of elements related to us.
36 Internet In the U.S. New Revelations Early June of 2013 Former National Security Agent Contractor, Edward Snowden Revealed Secret Documents!
37 Massive Internet Surveillance Edward Snowden Documents! Intelligent agencies including Government Communication Headquarter & NSA working with high-tech companies were snooping on EVERYONE! $250 million/year
38 Massive Internet Surveillance Edward Snowden Documents (1) 1.! Conducting massive surveillance programs secretly! Bulk data collection on citizens (PRISM, 2007)! Creating taps on transatlantic fiber optic cables (TEMPORA) 2.! Spying on friendly foreign allies! Hacking into foreign targets computers, confiscating data and monitoring communiqué (TAO)
39 Massive Internet Surveillance Edward Snowden Documents (2) 3.! Defeating encryption programs! Developing counter encryption program (EDGEHILL & BULLRUN) 4.! Collecting and monitoring METADATA! Collecting social connections of U.S. citizens 5.! Compromising cyber security! Hardware backdoor: Encryption chips! Software malwares: BSAFE software,
40 The Big Leak! Server OR
41 The Big Leak!
42 So!.! Internet has opened a new dimension of communications! Facilitated out lives Jay Leno: "I am glad the government is shut down!! Yet, it has become a tool of control!! governments and corporations continue to control flow, content, use, and infrastructure For the first time in years it's safe to talk on the phone and send s without anybody listening in!"
43 Defending Internet Freedom or Conducting Internet Spying? Welcoming the whistle blowers from Iran, Cuba, and China NSA has created a massive surveillance system capable of snooping on every individual, company, or foreign government! Internet is American! Gmail is the preferred Internet service provider of terrorists worldwide, Hayden (Ex-NSA/CIA Chief)
44 Defending Internet Freedom or Conducting Internet Spying?
45 Internet Surveillance Hurting the Bottomlines! Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF): US cloud providers stand to lose $22-$35 billion over the next 2008 three years! 2013
46 Internet Surveillance Hurting the Bottomlines!
47 $e 62%# Potential Consequences Anyway, I Have Nothing to Hide!! In the modern communications age every thing we do leaves a digital trail!! Some valid questions:! Can we trust NSA Analysts to have so much power? Agents illegally spied on love interests! Does NSA really ensures the security of the gathered data? NSA still does not know the full extend of Snowden documents! Should there be a limit as to NSA s blank surveillance? Sen. Feinstein's NSA 'reform' bill would expand snooping powers
48 Future of the Internet? You Be the Judge! In a recent hearing Senator Mark Udall asked : Is it the goal of the NSA to collect the phone records of all Americans? In response, NSA director Keith Alexander replied: Yes, I believe it is in the nation's best interest to put all the phone records into a lockbox that we could search when the nation needs to do it. Yes, The new $1.5 billion NSA data center in Bluffdale, Utah, will be able to, by some estimates, store the equivalent of 250 trillion DVDs worth of data
49 Final Remarks.. Any technology can only fit within the socio-economic structure of the society Technology in a country with oppressive government will turn into tool of oppressor Become more more aware and demand public monitoring Know what you are disclosing Use privacy tools and filtering Protect your network address Promote Net Neutrality, Public Broadcasting, Internet Freedom Ask the right questions! How is your privacy protected? Who is monitoring? What is being monitored?
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