Operation Switcher Functions

Transcription

1 Operation Switcher Functions The 2500 is capable of up to 33 inputs, 20 outputs, and has up to 4 keyers, with one mixeffects system and a take mix-effects system. All members of the 2000 family are program/preview mixers. Most operations are handled by selecting a video source on the preview bus and taking it on air by means of the TAKE control group. Two previewable downstream keys allow titles and other graphics to be layered over switcher video Video Flow - Keyers Over All M/E 1 Key2 OverAll Key1 OverAll B Bus A Bus Program/Preview DSK 2 DSK Video Flow Keyers Mixed State M/E 1 Key2 OverAll Key1 Over A B Bus A Bus Program/Preview DSK 2 DSK 1 FTB FTB OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS 1

2 Program/Preview BLACK IN SER T COL 2 COL 1 SHIFT BLACK PR OGR AM COL 2 COL 1 M/E BLACK COL 2 COL 1 M/E P R E V I E W The PROGRAM/PREVIEW bus on the 2000 supports three video busses and four key busses. The three video busses are comprised of two background video busses (Program & Preview) and one border fill bus. The key busses consist of two key fill busses (DSK1 and DSK2), and two key cut busses (DSK1 and DSK2 cut). CUT BUS FILL BUS BORDER FILL BUS PREVIEW BUS PROGRAM BUS The cut bus selects the cut video for either DSK1 or DSK2, depending on which keyers selected using DSK1 and DSK2 CUT SELECT. The fill bus selects the fill video for either DSK1 or DSK2, depending on which keyers selected using DSK1 and DSK2 CUT SELECT. The border fill bus selects the video used in a wipe border. The PREVIEW bus selects the next Program image. Black, colorizers, M/E1, or any of the 21 (33) external inputs can be selected. Pressing a source bus button selects that video signal, turns off the previous source, and illuminates the correct bus button. The PROGRAM bus selects the current On-Air Image. The PROGRAM bus is what the final video output of the switcher will be. Black, colorizers, M/E1, or any of the 21 (33) external inputs can be selected. Pressing source buttons selects that source, turns off the previously active source, and illuminates the bus button. In the flip-flop mode the PROGRAM/PREVIEW bus will reverse the input sources when a transition is complete. 2 OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS

3 Crosspoint Selection Program/Preview Source Selection To select a crosspoint or input source on the Program/Preview bus, press the desired input on the program or preview row. If the source is shifted then the SHIFT button can be held down while pressing the crosspoint. The crosspoint will blink, indicating its shifted status. By default, the control panel is mapped as sources 1 to 10 on buttons 1 to 10. Sources 11 to 20 are shifted 1 to 10. Colorizers and Black may also be selected. Shift Key The shift key allows the user to access all possible crosspoints on the panel. Shift is active when the button is held down. While the button is depressed the light will also illuminate, indicating its ON status. Shift can also be quick shifted, by striking SHIFT fast, approximately 1/30 th of a second. The SHIFT button will flash indicating shift is held down until a button is pressed. Multiple knobs may be adjusted in their shifted status while quick shift mode is on. Pressing shift or any other button will turn off the shift function. Take Transition TAKE MIX WIPE RATE AUTO TAKE CUT The take controls perform transitions between the image currently On-Air and the image on Preview. A variety of transitions may be used. OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS 3

4 Transition Control The 2500 model includes two pattern generators: one on each M/E. The independent pattern generators allow all effects systems to have different patterns selected concurrently. The wipe generator uses the PROGRAM and PREVIEW bus video as sources. Once the PROGRAM and PREVIEW bus inputs are selected, a transition can be applied. The input that is currently active in the PROGRAM bus will illuminate to 100%, while the PREVIEW source on the opposite bus will illuminate to 50%. During a transition, both buttons will illuminate to 100%. There are two ways to control the effect transition actions. Both control methods can be used for wipes and fades. Takes started with one control can be completed with the other. For instance, a manual take can be completed with either the AUTO take button or the cut button, or a paused AUTO take can be finished manually or with a cut. AUTO If the AUTO button is pressed, an automatic transition between Program and Preview will occur. The rate of the transition is shown in the VFD if the TAKE RATE button is pressed. The AUTO button will illuminate during the transition. To change the rate, use the NUMERIC KEYPAD and key in the number of seconds and frames desired, followed by the TAKE RATE button. Note: If the AUTO button is pressed while a transition is in progress, the transition is paused. TBAR The TBAR is used to manually transition between PROGRAM and PREVIEW inputs. To perform a transition, move the lever to the opposite stop. If an AUTO or CUT transition was performed last, the lever may have a different state than the effects system. This is indicated by the red arrow illuminated at the same stop of the TBAR. The transition will not take place until the TBAR is positioned at the opposite stop as the arrow. Then the TBAR action will trigger the take. Transition Types MIX When the MIX button is pressed, the button will illuminate and the WIPE button light will turn off. The AUTO button and effect lever will mix between the PROGRAM and PREVIEW busses. WIPE 4 OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS

5 The 2000 series has a unique feature to minimize wipe deadband. Other switchers will exhibit TBAR deadbands of up to 50% with some types of wipes, such as repositioned square and circle wipes. The 2000's switcher CPU looks at pattern, border, soft, and position settings and recalculates the wipe lever travel correction each frame. As a result, TBAR deadband is typically 10% or less. When the WIPE button is pressed, the button will illuminate and the MIX button light will turn off. The AUTO button and TBAR will transition between the PROGRAM and PREVIEW bus using the selected wipe pattern. To change the wipe pattern, follow the directions described in the Pattern section below. Border knob: The BORDER knob adds a video border to the wipe pattern. The default border color used is COLOR 3, but any of the colorizers or any switcher input may be selected as the border fill. See details about adjusting colors in the Colorizers section of the manual. Adjust the BORDER knob for program by holding SHIFT + BORDER clockwise for more border, counter-clockwise for less. For fine adjustments the + and - keys may be used. To select different border fill sources press COMM, and use the + and - keys to cycle through inputs and colorizers. Soft knob: The soft knob is used to vary the edge softness of the wipe pattern. Adjust the SHIFT + SOFT knob in a counter-clockwise fashion to soften the pattern. For fine adjustments the + and - keys may be used. WIPE PATTERN CONTROL PATTERN SAT LUM HUE SYMM BORDER SOFT PATT COLORS REV Loading a Pattern Loading a wipe Pattern can be accomplished two ways: 1. Type the pattern number into the Numeric Keypad and then press the SHIFT + PATT button in the Patterns Section. 2. Press the SHIFT + PATT button in the TAKE section and then use the + and - keys to cycle through all possible patterns. OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS 5

6 NOTE: Press SHIFT + PATT in the pattern section to display the current pattern number in the control panel VFD. Positioning Patterns The JOYSTICK can be used to position a pattern origin at any point on the screen. Hold SHIFT, then adjust the JOYSTICK in the Pattern Modifier section to control the wipe origin. Command 7 determines if auto centering of a pattern is on. If auto centering is on, the wipe s origin is centered each time a pattern is loaded or reloaded. If command 7 is off, the user-defined origin is saved. If another pattern is loaded, then the positioned pattern is reloaded and the user-defined origin is restored. Note: If a non-positionable pattern is selected, the display will indicate that the current pattern is not positionable. 6 OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS

7 PATTERNS 30 wipe patterns are included on each pattern generator in the * 4* 5* 6* 7* 8* * 14* 15* 16* * 20* 21* 22* * joystick positionable symmetry adjustable OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS 7

8 Downstream Keyers D S K G A IN CLIP S H A P E P R E V R A T E FILL SELEC T D S K 1 C U T D S K 2 C U T D S K 1 O N D S K 2 O N The 2000 switchers can have up to two downstream keyers. DSK1 is standard and DSK2 is optional. When dual DSK has been ordered, command 29 can be used to turn DSK2 on. Either DSK can perform linear, chroma, or luminance keys using any of the 21(33) inputs. Key inputs can arrive at the switcher in analog composite, Y/C, component RGB & YUV, and as serial component digital (D1). There are no extra connections for key fill or cut inputs because the Switcher accepts key signals from any input module. DSK1/2 FILL and CUT Selection The mix/effects system in the 2000 series is a complete 7-bus M/E system comprising independent fill busses for each of the two keyers. To view and/or change the current fill selection for DSK1 or DSK2, it is first necessary to select the desired keyer by pressing its DSK (1 or 2) CUT button. To change fill sources, press FILL SELECT and use the + and keys to select the Fill source. It is also possible to key in the fill number on the NUMERIC KEYPAD, then press the DSK1/2 FILL button. Note: DSK1 and DSK2 cut buttons are mutually exclusive, i.e. pressing one de-selects the other one. Assuming that the DSK1/2 CUT button is selected and the proper fill has been assigned, the next step is to assign the proper KEY CUT source. KEY CUT signals are generally high contrast images from a camera, CG, or DVE, that tell the keyer what areas of the fill video to include or exclude from the keyed signal. To display the current cut signal, press the DSK1(2) SELECT, and the source will be displayed in the VFD. To change the cut source, press CUT SELECT and use the + and keys to select the cut source. It is 8 OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS

9 also possible to key in the cut number on the NUMERIC KEYPAD, then press the DSK1/2 CUT button. Note: If the cut select choice is not in the display, press the CUT SELECT button, and the current cut source will be displayed in the VFD. Key Tracking Selecting the cut signal every time the fill signal is changed becomes very repetitive. Key tracking (Press 28 + COMM) will memorize all key information including KEY CUT, Clip, Hue, and Gain when turned on. Key tracking allows one keyer to use many key sources by just selecting the fill source. All other data will then be restored according to the last values when that key fill value was saved. To set up Key Tracking: 1. Turn off command 28 by entering 28 on the numeric keypad, pressing COMM, and pressing the key. 2. Decide which keyer is to be programmed and press the corresponding KEY 1(2) SELECT or DSK 1(2) SELECT button. 3. Scroll to the desired key switcher input for the cut signal using the + and keys. 4. Press FILL SELECT, then scroll to the desired switcher input for the fill signal using the + and keys. 5. Turn on the key by pressing KEY 1(2) ON or DSK 1(2) ON. 6. Adjust the Clip and Gain to the proper levels. 7. Hold FILL SELECT and press the KEY 1(2) SELECT or DSK 1(2) SELECT button to save the value. The VFD will display the message: Key Memory Saved. 8. Repeat on all fill signals needed (skipping step one). 9. Turn on command 28 (enter 28 on the numeric keypad, press COMM, and press the + key). Key Tracking data will be stored for each Key Fill source. To change key information like Clip and Gain follow the steps above. Note: Key Tracking information is connected to each input. Therefore, the physical keyer that is used to set up Key Tracking is not important. As a result, the key information can be recalled in all key busses and all keyers when the corresponding fill button is selected. OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS 9

10 Key Signal Adjustments CLIP KNOB GAIN KNOB The CLIP knob controls the intensity of white needed to cut the hole in the background video. Adjust the CLIP knob until the best and cleanest looking key is obtained. The GAIN knob sets the key gain of the keyer. Turn the knob fully clockwise (999) for a very-high gain key. Turn the knob slowly counter-clockwise to reduce the gain of the keyer. REVERSE Use command 45 or 46 to change the polarity of the keyer. The light on the button will illuminate to indicate that the keyer is in reverse polarity. Normal keyer polarity is white letters on a black background. Reverse polarity would be used for black letters on a white background. Key Control Once a downstream keyer is chosen and the fill input selected, a key can be taken to air. DSK1(2) AUTO When the AUTO button is pressed, an automatic transition of the keyer will occur with a rate as shown their respective displays. To change the rate, use the NUMERIC KEYPAD and key in the number of frames desired, then press the DSK1(2) RATE button. DSK1(2) AUTO buttons will illuminate when a transition is in progress, and while the Key is on the AUTO light will remain illuminated. Note: If the AUTO button is pressed while a transition is in progress, the transition direction is reversed. PREVIEW PREVIEW can be used to check the current fill source and the clip and gain levels before taking the effect to air. Select the desired keyer, then press SHIFT + PREVIEW. When this button is lit, the DSK appears on the preview screen. When the DSK s CUT or FADE buttons are pressed, the PREVIEW is turned off and the graphic is taken to air. Likewise, if a keyer is already on the air, pressing PREVIEW causes no action. To take DSK1 off the air, use a FADE or CUT. FADE TO BLACK Fade to black (FTB) transitions program video output downstream of all DSKs to and from BLACK. Press FTB to auto-transition to and from black. The fade to black rate is shared with DSK 2. To set a new fade to black rate, enter the duration using the NUMERIC KEY PAD + DSK 2 RATE. 10 OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS

11 Note: DSK 2 must be disabled to enable FTB on the Turn off command 29 to disable DSK 2. OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS 11

12 Mix/Effects BLACK INSERT COL 2 COL 1 SHIFT BLACK PROGRAM COL 2 COL 1 M/E BLACK COL 2 COL 1 M/E PREVIEW Each M/E on the 2000 supports 3 video and 4 key busses. The 3 video busses are comprised of 2 background video busses (A & B), and the border fill bus. The four key busses are 2 key fill busses (KEY1 and KEY2 fill) and KEY 1 and KEY 2 cut. CUT BUS FILL BUS BORDER FILL BUS B BUS A BUS The cut bus for either KEY1 or KEY2, depending on which keyer is selected using KEY1 and KEY 2 CUT, is used to punch a hole in the foreground video. The fill bus selects the Fill video for either KEY1 or KEY2, depending on which keyer is selected using KEY1 and KEY 2 CUT SELECT. The border fill bus selects the video used to create the border of a wipe where a border is used. The B bus selects the background picture on M/E 1 or 2. Black, colorizers, M/E1 (only on M/E2), or any of the 21(33) external inputs can be selected. Pressing a source bus button selects that video signal, turns off the previous source, and illuminates the bus button. The A bus selects the foreground picture on M/E 1 or 2. The foreground will be the video involved in a mix or wipe effect. Black, colorizers, or any of the 21(33) external inputs can be selected. Pressing source buttons selects that source, turns off the previously active source, and illuminates the bus button. 12 OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS

13 M/E Mix/Wipe BLACK INSERT COL 2 COL 1 SHIFT BLACK PROGRAM COL 2 COL 1 M/E BLACK COL 2 COL 1 M/E PREVIEW The effects generator controls the way the A and B effects busses and the KEY1 and KEY2 fill busses are combined on the M/E. The three basic ways that the pictures can be combined are mix, wipe, and key. Many combinations of these effects are also possible. INSERT M/E MIX KEY RATE KEY LAYER FILL SELECT HILITE HUE KEY 1 CUT KEY 2 CUT PROG PREV WIPE KEY TIE KEY REV GAIN CLIP KEY 1 ON KEY 2 ON Crosspoints A/B Source Selection To select a crosspoint or input source on the A/B bus, press the desired input on the INSERT or EFFECT row. If the source is shifted then the SHIFT button can be held down while pressing the crosspoint. The crosspoint will blink, indicating its shifted status. By default the control panel is mapped as sources 1 to 10 on buttons 1 to 10. Sources 11 to 20 are shifted 1 to 110. Colorizers and black may also be selected. Note: The EFFECT row is the Program or Preview row that has the EFF button selected. SHIFT Key The SHIFT key allows the user to access all possible crosspoints on the panel. Shift is active while the button is depressed. The light will also illuminate, indicating its ON OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS 13

14 status. Shift can also be quick shifted by striking SHIFT fast, approximately 1/30 th of a second. The SHIFT button will flash, indicating shift is active, until a button is pressed. Multiple knobs may also be adjusted in their shifted status while quick shift mode is on. Pressing SHIFT or any other button will turn off the shift function. MIX/WIPE The 2500 has two pattern generators: one on each M/E. The independent pattern generators allow all M/Es and take transitions to have different patterns selected concurrently. The wipe generator uses the corresponding Insert and Effect bus video as sources. Once the Insert and Effect bus inputs are selected, a transition effect can be applied. If on air, the input button that is currently active in either the Insert or Effect bus will illuminate to 100%, while the background source on the opposite bus will illuminate to 50%. There are two ways to control the effect transition actions. Both control methods can be used for wipes and fades. Note: The lights and tally only show active or 100% luminosity if on air in the take section. TBAR The TBAR is used to manually transition between Insert and Effect bus inputs. To transition, move the lever to the opposite stop. KEY TIE Select the desired keyer, then press the KEY TIE button to turn KEY TIE on or off. When KEY TIE is on, the button will illuminate. KEY1(2) is now tied to the MIX/WIPE effect FADER ARM, and KEY 1(2) AUTO disabled. Whenever the MIX/WIPE effect TBAR is used, the key will fade between on and off using the duration of the MIX/WIPE effect. Transition Type MIX When the MIX button is pressed, the button will illuminate and the WIPE button light will turn off. The effect lever will mix between the Insert and Effect busses. WIPE The 2000 series has a unique feature to minimize wipe deadband. Other switchers will exhibit TBAR deadbands of up to 50% with some types of wipes, such as repositioned square and circle wipes. The 2000's switcher CPU looks at pattern, border, soft, and position settings and recalculates the wipe lever travel correction each frame. As a result, TBAR deadband is typically 10% or less. 14 OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS

15 When the WIPE button is pressed, the button will illuminate and the MIX button light will turn off. The TBAR will transition between the Insert and Effect busses using the selected wipe pattern. To change the wipe pattern, follow the directions described in the Pattern section below. Border Knob The BORDER knob adds a video border to the wipe pattern. The default border color used is COLOR 3, but any of the colorizers or any switcher input may be selected as the border fill. See details about adjusting colors in the Colorizers section of the manual. Turn the BORDER knob clockwise for more border, counterclockwise for less. For fine adjustments the + and - keys may be used. To select different border fill sources, select command 48, then use the + and - keys to cycle through inputs, and colorizers. Soft Knob The soft knob is used to vary the edge softness of the wipe pattern. Turn the knob counter-clockwise soften the pattern. For fine adjustments the + and - keys may be used. OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS 15

16 KEY1/2 INSERT M/E MIX KEY RATE KEY LAYER FILL SELECT HILITE HUE KEY 1 CUT KEY 2 CUT PROG PREV WIPE KEY TIE KEY REV GAIN CLIP KEY 1 ON KEY 2 ON There are two keyers on each M/E of the 2000 family of switchers. Either keyer can perform a linear, chroma or luminance key on any of the 21(33) inputs. Key inputs can arrive at the switcher in analog composite, Y/C, component, and RGB, as well as serial component digital (D1). There are no extra connections for key fill or cut inputs because the 2000 series switchers accept key signals from all input modules. The 2000 currently only supports unshaped key inputs. Many newer character generators, such as the TypeDeko from Pinnacle and the Winfinit! from Chyron now generate "preshaped" key signals integrated into the fill video. This option must be turned off or overamplified keys may occur. KEY1/2 FILL and CUT Selection The mix/effects system in the 2000 series is a complete 7-bus M/E system comprising independent fill busses for each of the two keyers. To view and/or change the current fill selection for KEY1 or KEY2, it is first necessary to select the desired keyer by pressing its KEY (1 or 2) CUT button. To change fill sources, press FILL SELECT and use the + and keys to select the Fill source. It is also possible to key in the fill number on the NUMERIC KEYPAD, then press the KEY1/2 FILL button. Note: KEY1 and KEY2 cut buttons are mutually exclusive, i.e. pressing one deselects the other. Assuming that the KEY1/2 CUT button is selected and the proper fill has been assigned, the next step is to assign the proper KEY CUT source. KEY CUT signals are generally high contrast images from a camera, CG, or DVE, that tell the keyer what areas of the fill video to include or exclude from the keyed signal. To display the current cut signal, press KEY1(2) SELECT, and the source will be displayed in the VFD. To change the cut source, press CUT SELECT and use the + and keys to select the cut source. It is also possible to key in the cut number on the NUMERIC KEYPAD, then press the KEY1/2 CUT button 16 OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS

17 Note: If the cut select choice is not in the display, press the CUT SELECT button and the current cut source will be displayed in the VFD. Key Tracking Selecting the cut signal every time the fill signal is changed becomes very repetitive. Key Tracking (28 + COMM) will memorize all key information, including KEY CUT, Clip, Hue, and Gain, when activated. Key tracking allows one keyer to use many key sources just by selecting the fill source. All other data will then be restored according to the last values when that key fill value was saved. To set up Key Tracking: 1. Turn off command 28 by entering 28 on the numeric keypad, pressing COMM, and pressing the key. 2. Decide which keyer is to be programmed and press the corresponding KEY 1(2) SELECT or DSK 1(2) SELECT button. 3. Scroll to the desired key switcher input for the cut signal using the + and keys. 4. Press FILL SELECT, then scroll to the desired switcher input for the fill signal using the + and keys. 5. Turn on the key by pressing KEY 1(2) ON or DSK 1(2) ON. 6. Adjust the Clip and Gain to the proper levels. 7. Hold FILL SELECT and press the KEY 1(2) SELECT or DSK 1(2) SELECT button to save the value. The VFD will display the message: Key Memory Saved. 8. Repeat on all fill signals needed (skipping step one). 9. Turn on command 28 (enter 28 on the numeric keypad, press COMM, and press the + key). Key tracking data will be stored for each key fill source. To change key information such as Clip and Gain, follow the steps above. Note: Key tracking information is connected to each input. Therefore the physical keyer that is used to set up key tracking is not important. As a result, the key information can be recalled in all key busses and all keyers when the corresponding fill button is selected. OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS 17

18 Key Signal Adjustments CLIP KNOB GAIN KNOB HUE KNOB SHIFT + HUE KNOB The CLIP knob controls the intensity of white needed to cut the hole in the background video. Adjust the CLIP knob until the best and cleanest-looking key is obtained. The GAIN knob sets the key gain of the keyer. Turn the knob fully clockwise (999) for a very-high gain key. Turn the knob slowly counter-clockwise to reduce the gain of the keyer. The HUE knob selects the color on which you will be chromakeying, usually royal blue or green. The Shifted HUE knob selects the amount of HiLight-Inhibit applied to the chromakey fill source. HiLight-Inhibit can be used to lessen the effects of high intensity spots on Chromakey fill sources. REVERSE Use command 46 to change the polarity of the keyer. The light on the button will illuminate to indicate that the keyer is in reverse polarity. Normal keyer polarity is white letters on a black background. Reverse polarity would be used for black letters on a white background. Key Control Once a keyer is chosen and the fill input selected, a key can be taken to air. KEY1(2) AUTO When the AUTO button is pressed, an automatic transition of the keyer will occur with a rate as shown in the respective displays. To change the rate, use the NUMERIC KEYPAD and key in the number of frames desired, then press the KEY RATE button. KEY 1(2) AUTO buttons will illuminate when a transition is in progress, and while the key is on the AUTO light will stay illuminated. Note: If the AUTO button is pressed while a transition is in progress, the transition direction is reversed. Key Layers The digital architecture of the 2000 series switchers allows for very flexible routing and setup of the keys on the M/E. Each keyer can be placed either upstream or downstream of the mix/wipe processor, and when placed upstream, they may each be placed on either the Insert or Effect side of the effects unit. The KEY LAYER button has three settings to control where the respective keyer is placed in the M/E bus: 1) under Insert bus, 2) under Effect bus, and 3) over all busses. These settings cycle 1, 2, and 3, and then repeat. This 18 OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS

19 allows for three different combinations of wipe/key effects, as demonstrated graphically below: 2500 Video Flow Keyers Mixed State M/E 1 Key2 OverAll Key1 Over A B Bus A Bus Program/Preview DSK 2 DSK 1 FTB OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS 19

20 KEY 1 OVER - INSERT BUS SIDE (UPSTREAM) KEY 2 - OVER INSERT BUS SIDE KEY 2 - OVER EFFECT BUS SIDE KEY 2 - OVER ALL KEY 1 OVER - EFFECT BUS SIDE (UPSTREAM) KEY 2 - OVER INSERT BUS SIDE KEY 2 - OVER EFFECT BUS SIDE KEY 2 - OVER ALL KEY 1 OVER ALL (DOWNSTREAM) KEY 2 - OVER INSERT BUS SIDE KEY 2 - OVER EFFECT BUS SIDE KEY 2 - OVER ALL 20 OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS

21 Pattern Modifiers PATTERN SAT LUM HUE SYMM BORDER SOFT PATT COLORS REV The pattern controls specify the shape and position of wipe patterns. The 2500 contains 2 pattern generators: one in the M/E and one in the TAKE section. The wipe controls change the way that a wipe reacts when a wipe is taken in the M/Es. Pattern Control Loading Patterns Loading a pattern can be accomplished two ways: 1. Type the pattern number into the Numeric Keypad and then press the PATT SELECT button for the corresponding M/E. -or- 2. Press the PATT SELECT button for the desired M/E and then use the + and - keys to cycle through all possible patterns. Positioning and Shaping Patterns The JOYSTICK can be used to position a pattern origin at any point on the screen. Use the joystick in the Pattern Modifier section to control the wipe origin. Command 7 determines if auto centering of a pattern is on. If auto centering is on, the wipe s origin is centered each time a pattern is loaded or reloaded. If command 7 is off, the user-defined origin is saved. If another pattern is loaded, then the positioned pattern is reloaded and the user-defined origin is restored. Note: If a non-positionable pattern is selected, the display will indicate that the current pattern is not positionable. OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS 21

22 The SYMMETRY knob will vary the aspect ratio of the pattern. This can be used to help create new pattern shapes for specific purposes. Experiment with this control to achieve the desired effect. 22 OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS

23 Wipe Patterns 30 wipe patterns are included on each pattern generator in the * 4* 5* 6* 7* 8* * 14* 15* 16* * 20* 21* 22* * joystick positionable symmetry adjustable OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS 23

24 The 2000 series has a unique feature to minimize wipe deadband. Other switchers will exhibit wipe lever deadbands of up to 50% with some types of wipes, such as repositioned square and circle wipes. The 2000's computer looks at pattern, border, soft, and position settings and recalculates the wipe lever travel correction each frame. Deadband is typically 10% or less. 24 OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS

25 Colorizers PATTERN SAT LUM HUE SYMM BORDER SOFT PATT COLORS REV Three independent color generators are provided with the The above picture shows the control block for adjusting these color controls. These are: COLOR 1 COLOR 2 COLOR 3 Typically used for M/E matte key fills Typically used for M/E and take bordered wipes Typically used for downstream key matte fills Selecting Colors Each color generator has its own set of three controls to set the saturation, luminance, and hue. Select the current color to modify by pressing the COLORS button and cycling through all possible colors. Each control sets a value between 0 and 999. Adjust any of the three controls and all three are shown in the display, with a small carrot adjacent to the value being adjusted. The + and - buttons provide for incremental adjustment of the current control. Colors may also be entered digitally by keying in values using the numeric keypad, then pressing the desired COLOR button. OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS 25

26 Examples: 2 HUE only 1) Enter 11 + COL 1 VFD = C ) Enter 55 + COL 1 VFD = C ) Enter 99 + COL 1 VFD = C LUM AND 2 HUE 1) Enter COL 1 VFD = C ) Enter COL 1 VFD = C ) Enter COL 1 VFD = C (bright purple) (bright green) (bright red) (dark purple) (bright purple) (white) Note: Entering three numbers will leave the second digit of the luminosity as 9. 1 SAT, 1 LUM, 2 HUE 1) Enter COL 1 VFD = C ) Enter COL 1 VFD = C ) Enter COL 1 VFD = C (gray) (purple) (bright purple) 1 SAT, 2 LUM, 2 HUE 1) Enter COL 1 VFD = C (dark purple) 2) Enter COL 1 VFD = C (purple) 3) Enter COL 1 VFD = C (white) 2 SAT, 2 LUM, 2 HUE 1) Enter COL 1 VFD = C (purplish gray) 2) Enter COL 1 VFD = C (purple) 3) Enter COL 1 VFD = C (bright purple) 26 OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS

27 Saturation Saturation controls go from pastel (0) to fully saturated (999). All colors are limited to NTSC or PAL legal values. If luminance is adjusted to maximum, saturation will be proportionately limited to zero. Luminance Luminance controls go from black (0) to white (999). Hue The hue can be adjusted through 360 degrees of color. The digital number representing a particular hue (0-999) is the same for all three colorizers. Border Selection Select the desired border using command 47 or 48, then use the + and - keys to cycle through the input mapping, including black and all three colors. OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS 27

28 Buttons Next to the Display SAVE SEQ RUN STOP EDIT SEQ AUX BUS PAUSE SEQ REPEAT SEQ SAVE PANEL RECALL M/E RECALL PANEL COMM RECALL RATE CLEAR Auxiliary Output Busses The AUX BUS button manages the aux bus. To see what source is currently assigned to an aux output, enter the aux number in the display with the numeric keypad, and then press the AUX BUS button. To change an aux bus assignment, hold the AUX BUS button down and select a crosspoint on the INSERT bus (with or without using the shift button). Additionally the + and - buttons can be used to incrementally change an aux bus assignment. The most recent aux bus output is remembered, so that when the AUX BUS button is pressed without an argument in the display, the most recently viewed aux bus output is displayed. BLACK COL 2 COL 1 SHIFT INSERT OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS

29 Memory The 2000 series of switchers has memory systems for saving both panel memories and timeline sequence memories. The 2000 has memory for 48 panel setups and 10 timeline sequences. Each panel setup may be recalled in total for the entire switcher, or the M/E alone may be recalled. Each timeline sequence memory may contain up to 999 steps. These are ideal for programming a complex transition, such as an open. Panel Memory (Setup Memory) 48 full panel setups can be saved by the A panel stores the state of all controls on the panel, as well as the state of any of the commands that can affect the on-air picture or the preview picture. When a setup is saved, it is always saved as a full panel setup (SAVE PANEL). It can be recalled either as a full-panel setup (RECALL PANEL), or just the M/E part of the setup (RECALL M/E). SAVE PANEL The SAVE PANEL button is used to save the state of the entire panel. Setups are saved sequentially unless a specific setup number is provided. To enter a setup number, type the number using the NUMERIC KEYPAD, then press SAVE PANEL. 48 panel memories may be saved. RECALL PANEL This button is used to recall a previously saved setup of the whole panel. First enter the number of the desired saved setup using the NUMERIC KEYPAD, then press RECALL PANEL. If a setup has not been saved or has been erased, then recalling it has no effect. Setups are recalled sequentially unless a specific setup number is provided. RECALL M/E This button is used to recall a previously saved setup of the M/E. First enter the number of the desired saved setup containing the M/E using the NUMERIC KEYPAD, then press RECALL M/E. If a setup has not been saved or has been erased, then recalling it has no effect. Setups are recalled sequentially unless a specific setup number is provided. RECALL RATE OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS 29

30 This button displays the current setting of the recall rate used for recalling M/Es and panel memories. To view the current recall rate, press the RECALL RATE button. To change the recall rate, enter a number using the NUMERIC KEYPAD then press RECALL RATE. A recall rate is used to specify how long the recall will take. The default rate is 1 frame. When a rate other than 1 frame is used, the switches stored in the setup are recalled in the first frame, while lever and knob controls will change linearly from their current positions to the new position at the rate specified. A special case exists if the RECALL RATE is set to 0 frames. This will cause the PANEL being recalled to be restored instantly, in one field. Timeline Sequence Memory A sequence is a series of switcher operations that have been stored into the memory of the Each control panel operation is stored as a sequence step. Up to 999 steps may be stored in a sequence. Ten sequences may be saved on the 2500 and more with the optional NT server profile memory. SAVE SEQ To create a new sequence, enter the number of the desired sequence to be saved on the NUMERIC KEYPAD (from 1 to 10), then press the SAVE SEQ button. The button will illuminate and the first program step will be displayed. Press the buttons to create the desired sequence. When finished, press the RUN STOP button to insert the end step. Then press SAVE SEQ again to complete the sequence programming, and the light will go off. It is possible to create a sequence that contains other sequences. While programming one sequence, press another number and then the SAVE SEQ button. During playback, the first sequence waits while the second sequence plays, and then the first sequence continues. RUN STOP This button plays any of the 10 sequences. To play a sequence, enter the number of the desired sequence on the NUMERIC KEYPAD and press the RUN STOP button. As described above under SAVE SEQ, the RUN STOP button is also used to insert a stop at the end of each sequence. When playback reaches this step, playback stops. It is also possible to manually stop any sequence by pressing the RUN STOP button again. If you are creating a sequence inside a sequence, before pressing RUN STOP be careful to first enter the number of the sequence to be stopped. If a number is not entered first, the RUN STOP button will stop both the current sequence and the calling sequence. EDIT SEQUENCE The EDIT SEQ button is used to edit an existing sequence. When EDIT SEQ is pressed it is then possible to move back and forth through the sequence steps by using the + and - buttons. 30 OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS

31 CLEAR While editing a sequence, the CLEAR button may be used to delete a sequence step. To delete the step being displayed, press CLEAR. To delete several steps at once, enter the number of steps and then press CLEAR. To clear the entire sequence, position to step 1 and press 999 CLEAR. PAUSE SEQ PAUSE SEQ is used to insert a pause into a sequence. This has two uses. First, it can be used to cause the sequence to pause for a specified number of frames before continuing. Second, a zero frame pause may be inserted to have the sequence stop playing until the operator manually starts it again, which is done by pressing the RUN STOP button. To specify the duration of a pause, enter the time before pressing PAUSE. If no number is entered, then the previous pause value is used. To specify an indefinite delay (e.g. waiting for GPI trigger), enter a time of 0. REPEAT SEQ While programming a sequence (see SAVE SEQ above) it is possible to place a repeat step into the sequence. The repeat normally starts from the beginning of the sequence, but may be set to start from any other step (even ahead). When sequence playback reaches the repeat, it goes to the step specified. Enter the step number to begin the repeat from using the NUMERIC KEYPAD, before pressing REPEAT. If no number is entered, step 1 is assumed. OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS 31

32 Sequence Operation Saving Sequences To program a sequence, enter the sequence number (1 to 10) and then press the SAVE SEQ button. The button illuminates to remind you that a sequence is being programmed. When finished, press SAVE SEQ again. The light will go out, indicating a sequence is no longer being programmed. Clearing a Sequence To clear a sequence, press the number of the sequence + SAVE SEQ to select it for programming, then press 999 ERASE to erase all 999 sequence steps. If you are in the middle of programming a sequence and clear it, the remaining steps only will be cleared. Note that if no number is supplied in the display, only the current step is cleared. Saving Steps While the SAVE SEQ button is lit, the left three digits of the display contain the current step number being saved. Initially, the display will contain 001> to indicate step one. Each time a different front panel operation is performed, the 2500 saves the operation and increments the step number. Using a Pause Delays are programmed into a sequence by entering the number of seconds and frames using the NUMERIC KEYPAD and pressing PAUSE. PAUSE with a time of 0 is used to specify an indefinite pause. This allows for manual synchronization of sequence playback. PAUSE with no number set will use the last pause value. When playback encounters an indefinite PAUSE, the running sequence light begins to blink, and the PAUSE button illuminates. To restart the sequence, press the blinking sequence button or the lit PAUSE button, or activate a contact closure on the GPI4 input of the GPIO connector. The PAUSE light will go out, and the sequence button will re-light solid, indicating that the sequence is running again. REPEAT REPEAT causes playback to repeat from step 1. To repeat from any other step, enter the step number using the NUMERIC KEYPAD, then press REPEAT. RUN STOP 32 OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS

33 While saving a sequence, press RUN STOP to add an end-of-sequence step. When playback encounters the end-of- sequence step, it terminates. SEQUENCE PLAYBACK Play back a sequence by entering the sequence number on the NUMERIC KEYPAD (1 to 10) and then pressing the RUN STOP button. Sequences are usually allowed to play to completion. To manually stop all sequences, press STOP. To stop a specific sequence, enter its number using the NUMERIC KEYPAD then press STOP. EDITING SEQUENCES Select the sequence to be edited by entering its number using the NUMERIC KEYPAD and then pressing the SAVE SEQ button. To jump to the step to be edited, enter a number and then press the SAVE SEQ button again. Then press the EDIT SEQ button. Reposition within the sequence by keying in the desired step number and pressing the EDIT SEQ button again, or use the + and - buttons. These may be held down to move rapidly through the steps. When the EDIT SEQ button is illuminated, the + and - buttons are used to move up and back among the steps in a sequence. When the desired step is reached, it is possible to press the EDIT SEQ button again and then the + and - buttons may be used to adjust the numeric value in the display, such as a transition rate, pause length, input fill selected, etc. The displayed step can be cleared (press CLEAR) to write another step in its place, or any front panel operation will insert a new step and move all higher steps until the first unused memory. CLEAR The CLEAR button resets the VFD of any value currently displayed. Used to clear the VFD if an incorrect value is entered. The CLEAR button may also be used to erase a selected button s value in the VFD. Example: Press M/E 1 BORDER (displays M/E 1 border source in the VFD). The next press of the M/E 1 BORDER will increment to the next source, and so on. If M/E 1 BORDER is pressed, then CLEAR, then M/E 1 BORDER again, the current border will be displayed rather than incremented. OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS 33

34 Blue Screen Devices Two internal blue screening devices are optional on the 2000: the Ultimatte Insider and the ECHOlab Chromakeyer. Blue screening lets you put a foreground image on a background image, creating a scene that would be dangerous, difficult or impossible to create in real life. In the example below, the subject is keyed over the image of a large room, although he is actually sitting in front of a blue screen. The foreground image is the fill source. The chromakey device generates a matte signal, also called a key signal or alpha channel, based on the fill source. This black and white signal is used to cut the correct shape out of the background source. The composite image is the result of the foreground being keyed over the background image source. The background may be a still, a video clip, a live camera, or any other video source input. 34 OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS

35 ECHOlab Chromakeyer The optional ECHOlab Chromakeyer is unique in that any input source can be used as foreground video, including composite, Y/C, component (YUV or RGB), or D1. Therefore there is no need to have separate RGB video modules or a router from cameras and VTRs into the switcher. This unique design feature gives you direct control over which input source is routed into the chromakeyer. The 2000 can accept up to 2 chromakey devices per M/E. Each chromakey module is capable of keying only in the specific key in which it is installed. Operation To set up a chromakey: 1. Select the ECHOlab Chromakeyer on the proper key by pressing 0 and then KEY 1 (or 2) SELECT. Or, press the KEY 1 (or 2) SELECT button and then scroll using the + and buttons until the display reads ECHO ck. 2. Select the proper fill source (the foreground image which is in front of the blue backing) by pressing FILL SELECT and scrolling to the correct source using the + and buttons. Or, enter it on the numeric keypad and then press FILL SELECT. 3. Select the proper background image source on program or preview. If desired, select the background source on the INSERT bus, then use the M/E fader arm to transition to program/preview when desired. 4. Turn on the M/E in the program or preview row - whichever has the background source selected. If desired, you can select two different background sources: one on program or preview and one on the INSERT row. Switch between them using the M/E fader arm. 5. Turn on the keyer by pressing KEY 1 (or 2) AUTO. You should see the foreground subject over the background source on program or preview. 6. For the best results, set the gain to 999 by pressing SHIFT while turning the CLIP/GAIN knob. 7. Set the hue to the color of the backing by turning the HUE knob. 8. Adjust the clip level to clean up the edges of the foreground image by turning the CLIP knob. 9. If necessary, adjust the amount of the hilite inhibitor by pressing SHIFT and turning the HUE knob. 35 OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS

36 For best results, the scene and lighting are important to consider. The traditional background color is royal blue, which keys very well. A deep, saturated green called "process green" may also be used. The background should be lit uniformly and brightly. The quality of the camera and video signal quality is paramount for clean keys. Although composite and Y/C modules work for chromakey inputs, the resulting video will not have the cleanest possible edges. Controls ECHOlab Chromakey results are controlled by clip, gain, hilite and hue adjustments. On the 2500, these controls are found on two knobs in the M/E section. Adjusting the clip level helps clean up the edges of the foreground image. To adjust the clip, turn the CLIP/GAIN knob. Holding the SHIFT button while turning the CLIP/GAIN knob will adjust the gain. The hue control lets you select the color that is dropped from the fill source. The color of the backing cloth or paint used for the foreground image should be selected to have proper chromakey results. Turning the HILITE/HUE knob all the way counterclockwise selects chroma blue. The hilite inhibit control lets you decrease the effect of light flare, or hilites, on foreground objects. To adjust the level of the hilite inhibitor, hold the SHIFT button while turning the HILITE/HUE knob. OPERATION SWITCHER FUNCTIONS 36