Grzegorz Ciechanowski, Ph.D. Szczecin, Peace and Conflict Resolution Department Faculty of Humanities University of Szczecin

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1 Grzegorz Ciechanowski, Ph.D. Szczecin, Peace and Conflict Resolution Department Faculty of Humanities University of Szczecin ABSTRACT Between 1977 and 1981 I studied at Missile Troops and Artillery Military Academy in Toruń. After graduation, between 1982 and 1998 I served in artillery units of the 8th Coastal Defence Division in Kołobrzeg. In those days I wrote my first articles, published since 1985 in Wojskowy Przegląd Techniczny (Military Technology Digest). My distinct enthralment with the collection of Museum Oręża Polskiego (Polish Army Museum), located in Kołobrzeg led me to write my first article which presented this cultural institution and which was later published in 1986 in an English periodical Tankette MAFVA Magazine intended for historians interested in land army technology. Research on history of military technology became one of areas of my future scientific activity. Additionally, between 1994 and 1998, that is until I was redeployed, I worked as a history teacher in High School for Working Students in Kołobrzeg. In 1991 I graduated from Faculty of Humanities at National Defence University (Akademia Obrony Narodowej) My Master s dissertation The Operation of the Polish Armed Forces Museum in Kołobrzeg in years written under the tutorage and coordination of Col. Stefan Chojnecki, Ph.D. was awarded 4th place in the National Defence University Rector's Competition for the Best Master s Thesis. Between 1998 and 1999 I underwent an eight-month training programme in the Department of Military Foreign Affairs of MON (Ministry of National Defence) as a liaison officer of the Missions of the US Armed Forces in Warsaw (with very good score). Working with American officers enabled me to become acquainted with new procedures and to improve my English language skills as I had started learning English a few years prior. Working in the Department also allowed me to look at the international security issue from a wider perspective which was later reflected in my research interests. In 2001 I graduated from postgraduate studies in European Integration conducted by Institute of Political Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Szczecin (WH US) and Centre for European Integration, Free University of Berlin. At the beginning of 1999 I began a traineeship in multinational LANDJUT Corps in Rendsburg, then the Federal Republic of Germany (RFN) as a press and media relations officer. This traineeship was organised for the staff of the Multinational Corps Northeast in Szczecin which was being 1

2 established at that time. Between 1999 and 2005 I worked there as Head of Press Department and Corps Protocol and the spokesman of the Corps' Commander. While attending various seminars and participating in military exercises abroad I noticed that my nearest co-workers and colleagues do not have any knowledge about the tremendous efforts made by Poland in order to built international peace and security, through organising and sending military contingents to the most conflicted regions of the world. Similarly, while majority of the Polish society is interested in this issue, their knowledge in this area is superficial and the available publications insufficient and fragmentary. It was then that I decided to analyse this problem further. That was why I began working on my Ph.D. dissertation under academic supervision and coordination of Prof. Wiesław Wróblewski, Ph.D. at the University of Szczecin. Intentionally, my thesis topic was: Polish Soldiers on Peacekeeping Missions Abroad between 1953 and In 2006, after defence of my Ph.D. thesis I got my Ph.D. degree in history at the University of Szczecin. One year later my thesis was published by Adam Marszałek Publishing House. It was a first scientific monograph in Poland which analysed so thoroughly and comprehensively the participation of the Polish Army in mediation committees (Korea, Indochina, Nigeria), humanitarian actions (Ethiopia) and United Nations missions (the Middle East, Namibia, Iraq-Iran and Afghanistan-Pakistan). After the end of my military service in Multinational Corps Headquarters between , I spent last three years of my active military service in the Polish Army working as a Head of Civil Military Cooperation Department (CIMIC) of the 12th Szczecin Mechanised Division. It was then that I started to gain experience in a brand new notion of military activities in civilian surroundings which was based on American experience and a complete novelty even in NATO member countries. Between 2002 and 2008, while I was still an active officer of the Polish Army, I started to work as a lecturer of subjects related to security at two year extramural complementary M.A.degree courses in National Security in the Institute of Political Science and European Studies, Faculty of Humanities Department at the University of Szczecin. Between 2006 and 2008 I worked as a lecturer of postgraduate students at University of Security in Poznań. In spring 2008 after the end of my active military service I was offered the position of a senior lecturer at the Social Science Department of The West Pomeranian Business School in Szczecin, the oldest non-public university of the region. For three years I conducted classes in Polish and English for home and international students in Public Relations and Security in Public Sector Organisations. I was able to take advantage of my previous professional experience (e.g. in 1999 I completed a training course for press officers in Public Relations conducted in the Supreme Headquarters of Allied Powers NATO in Mons, Belgium). Unfortunately I was forced to terminate this interesting educational work once new rules and regulations regarding faculty employment were introduced. 2

3 In autumn 2008 I began working as a senior lecturer in the newly established Peace and Conflict Resolution Department, the Faculty of Humanities, University of Szczecin. The Department created and managed by Prof Wiesław Wróblewski, PhD, offers courses in National Security. This educational institution became my first tenure and it is where I am able to fully develop my academic activities. I. Research Interests The area of my scientific interests which led me to initiate and complete doctoral dissertation was the activity of states and international organisations which take collective actions to maintain peace and stability. The first scientific research paper which discusses these issues was the book The first scientific research analysing these issues was book Conflicts of the Modern World which I coedited along with Professor Jerzy Sielski, published in Adam Marszałek Publishing House in It presents the causes, course and outcomes of major conflicts which constitute threats to international security; it also presents the efforts of international community to eradicate these threats. In line with the statutory research of my department which analyses historical and contemporary aspects of security in the Mediterranean Sea region and in the Middle East, I co-authored a research work The Balkans Contemporary International Relations. Selected Problems, published in Poznań in I am the author and the co-author of several articles on this issue. The crowning achievement of my research in this area is my post doctoral dissertation United Nations Peacekeeping Operations in the 20th century (Adam Marszałek Publishing House), Toruń It aimed at presenting issues of concern related to the role, course and main directions of development of these operations during constant changes in the World. The fundamental research hypothesis is an observation, that the main tool used by UN in order to contain conflicts and promote peace and stability became preventive diplomacy and peacekeeping missions conducted directly in the area of crisis. Due to external and internal factors these operations became oftentimes ineffective, particularly at the turn of the 20th and 21st century. In my paper I tried to establish what the causes of these failed attempts were. On the basis of the analysis of the peacekeeping mission development throughout the last decades, for the purposes of this publication I have formulated my own definition of peacekeeping operation. This paper was based on source documents research and the analysis of the literature of the subject, published mainly abroad. It presents the origins of the United Nations, analyses United Nations Charter resolutions on building international security as well as rules of engagement in case of disturbing the peace. I presented mandates held by General Assembly, Security Council and 3

4 Secretary-General and their development throughout several decades. On the basis of these elements I described the mandates possessed by the Secretary General while implementing a resolution of the Security Council regarding threats prevention and peace and stability building. I also discuss the formation of the Military Staff Committee and analysed failed attempts to create multinational armed forces, aimed at containing any acts of aggression. I also presented the first attempts to establish a committee in response to conflicts which emerged in the World after Second World War. In the subsequent sections of my paper I presented the organisation, objectives and tasks of the UN peacekeeping operations undertaken in the Cold War period. I presented the course of the first observation missions and the UN peacekeeping operations in the Middle East and Middle Congo. Further, I described the post-cold War development of UN peacekeeping operations. Then, I presented the events influencing international security after 1990, their impact on development of peacekeeping operations as well as their effectiveness. The United Nations peacekeeping operations in the former Yugoslavia states, Asia, Africa and Central America after1989 were a separate problems presented in my paper. While describing UN peacekeeping missions I focused on organisational and operational activities of these multinational formations. Bearing in mind how broad this field is, many of the presented missions were analyses thou roughly, and while describing other missions I presented only basic information. These decisions were made arbitrarily, taking into account the impact of respective missions on general development of UN missions and their significance when it comes to preventing conflicts in the World. Through analysis of the reference books, both Polish and foreign, allows me to claim that this work is the first publication in Poland and probably in Europe which presents this topic in such a comprehensive way. This publication introduces new elements to the present state of knowledge: discusses a wide range of events as well as their impact on the course and the situation of the peacekeeping missions on the basis of recent experience, it redefines the term of a peacekeeping mission presents new phenomena, which emerged during these missions, new tasks resulting from emerging threats, their multi-functionality, non-observance of the con-sensuality rule, cooperation with non-governmental organisations, change in the category of country contributors, This paper is intended for the Polish readers, despite the fact that it presents the international peacekeeping efforts in the second half of the 20th century as opposed to the Polish peacekeeping efforts discussed most often in the Polish literature. I was very pleased indeed to receive the letter of the Chief of the Presidential Chancellery of the President of the Republic of Poland dated 21 October 2013, which stated that Mr President became interested in my paper. What is more, this paper was published in August 2013, in a remarkable moment of the relations between Poland and 4

5 the United Nations: on 23 September 2013 Bronisław Komorowski addressed the delegates at the 68th session of the United Nations General Assembly in New York, and on 19 November 2013 Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations visited Poland as the COP19 United Nations Climate Change Conference was held in Warsaw. The second area of my research work refers to peacekeeping activities undertaken by Polish soldiers which was the topic of my doctoral dissertation. In 2010 my next scientific monograph Polish Military Contingents in the Peacekeeping Missions was published, which presents the participation of Polish units United Nations missions (the Middle East, former Yugoslavia and Kampuchea), alliance operations (Haiti, The First Gulf War) and NATO operations (former Yugoslavia and Albania). It is also the first scientific monograph in Poland, which comprehensively discusses the activity of Polish troops abroad in the first decade of transformations so significant to restore the security of the country. In the meantime as well as until this day I have been publishing numerous articles. The third area of my scientific interests is related to armies' non-military activities described as non kinetic operations. They include military-civilian cooperation (conducted by the American Civil Affairs or NATO CIMIC), Psychological Operations PSYOPS, Information Operations INFO OPS as well as social communication, including military cooperation with media - MEDIA OPS (Media Operations). It is a relatively new form of military activity known in the Polish Army due to military operations conducted in Iraq and Afghanistan. I wrote articles regarding the above mentioned, inter alia.: Wielonarodowy Korpus Północ Wschód. Polityka otwartych koszar i jej rezultaty (Multinational Corps Northeast. Open Barrack Policy and its Outcomes), [in:] Education in the Society of Risk. Edukacja w społeczeństwie ryzyka. Bezpieczeństwo jako wartość (Security as Value), eds. M. Gwoździk Piotrowska, A. Zduniak, Poznań 2007; Relacje cywilno wojskowe w służbie polskich kontyngentów podczas operacji pokojowych (Military-Civilian Relations in Polish contingents during peace missions), Bezpieczeństwo Teoria i Praktyka (Security Theory and Practice) (Kraków 2011, No. 1), Fenomen współpracy zachodniopomorskich jednostek NATO i WP z otoczeniem cywilnym (The Phenomenon of Cooperation of NATO and Polish Army units in Zachodniopomorskie Voivodship with Civilian Surroundings) [in:] Relacje jednostek wojskowych z otoczeniem lokalnym (Relations between Military Units and Local Surroundings), ed. M. Piotrowska Trybul, Warszawa The fourth area of my interests includes issues related to the course of Second World War in West Pomerania. I initiated research work on bomb attacks on Szczecin during Second World War, the only major city in Poland so massively attacked from the air by the Allies. These interests resulted in an article Kurs bojowy Stettin. Bombardowania Szczecina i Polic na tle wojny powietrznej w Europie ( ) (Military Aim Stettin. Bomb Attacks on Szczecin and Police during Europe 5

6 Air War) ( ). [co-author: Jakub Ciechanowski, Marek J. Murawski], Szczecin Subsequently, enlarged edition of this book was published in Torun in 2013 (Adam Marszałek Publishing House). Another source discussing these issues was the publication from the series Zeszyty Szczecińskie ( Szczecin Journals ): RAF, USAAF, WWS. Bombardowania Gdańska, Gdyni i Szczecina w okresie (Air raiding on Szczecin during Second World War). [coauthor: Jakub Ciechanowski, Earl Potter], Szczecin I also authored and co-authored several papers and articles on these issues, inter alia, Bombardowania Gdańska, Gdyni i Szczecina w okresie (Bombing Campaigns of Gdansk, Gdynia and Szczecin between 1939 and 1945), [co-author: J. Ciechanowski] [in:] Z Morza i Pomorza. Spojrzenie na wrzesień Pamięć i odpowiedzialność (From the Sea and Pomerania. September 1939 Revisited. Memory and Responsibility), eds. A. Drzewiecki, B. Siek (Toruń 2011). The fifth area of my interests encompasses military history of the region and particularly history of barracks located in West Pomerania and Lubuskie Voivodship. In the 1990s, when army force reductions were implemented and many military buildings and structures were handed over to civilians, I visited practically all former and then existing barracks of the Polish and Russian Army. I prepared an extensive photographic documentation of these structures. As a result I gathered several thousand photographs which will be used as source materials of my articles and one nonserial publication. In 2013 I co-authored and published an article on this issue Dawne kompleksy koszarowe w Szczecinie (Former Barrack Structures in Szczecin) [co-author J. Ciechanowski] (Szczecin 2013), the first one of the series. Last but not least area of my scientific interests include issues related to contemporary military phaleristics. During my military service I designed several military decorations (among others the decoration of the 4th artillery Regiment in Kołobrzeg or 8th Coastal Defence Fleet in Koszalin) and several dozen of decorations for crews of navy vessels of the Republic of Poland. For the last few years I have been collecting materials and I have been publishing articles on this issue, inter alia Nieznana historia oznak Marynarki Wojennej (Unknown History of the Navy Signs.) ( Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie, Szczecin 2009 (Szczecin Maritime University Research Journals ), or to be printed in the next issue of the series Pomorze Militarne (Military Pomerania) Odznaki i oznaki jednostek 8. Flotylli Obrony Wybrzeża (Decorations and Signs of the 8th Coastal Defence Fleet). II Other Achievements As far as my other academic achievements are concerned, I have published the following articles on Polish and other countries' contribution to maintain international security: Historyczna transformacja w obszarze bezpieczeństwa Polski (Historical Transformation in the 6

7 Security of Poland), [in:] Dwie dekady transformacji. Gospodarka-Społeczeństwo-Polityka, (Two Decades of Transformation. Economy-Society-Politics), eds. L. Gołdyka, A. Zelek (Szczecin 2009); Nowa struktura dowodzenia NATO (New Structure of NATO Command), [coauthor: J. Ciechanowski] ( Przegląd Humanistyczny, Szczecin 2008 (Humanities Review); Polska a wielonarodowe struktury wojskowe NATO i Unii Europejskiej (Poland and NATO and EU Multinational Military Structures), [in:] Polityka zagraniczna Polski w warunkach członkostwa w Unii Europejskiej (Foreign Policy of Poland as a EU Member State), ed. R. Podgórzańska (Toruń 2009); Geneza Wielonarodowego Korpusu Północ Wschód (Origin of the Multinational Corps Northeast), [coauthor: P. Krawczuk], ( Bezpieczeństwo Teoria i praktyka ) 2008, No. 3-4 (Security Theory and Practice); NATO w odpowiedzi na zagrożenia i wyzwania, NATO In Response to Threats and Challenges ( Biuletyn Informacyjny Towarzystwa Wiedzy Obronnej, Bydgoszcz 2009, No. 1/51 (Military Knowledge Association Bulletin of Information); Bibliografia selektywna dotycząca Wielonarodowego Korpusu Północno-Wschodniego (Selected Readings on Multinational Corps Northeast) Biuletyn Informacyjny Towarzystwa Wiedzy Obronnej, Bydgoszcz 2010, No. 1/55 (Military Knowledge Association Bulletin of Information); Świat i Polska wobec tragedii Bośni i Hercegowiny (World and Poland in the Face of the Tragedy of Bosnia-Herzegovina), [in:] Wybrane aspekty bezpieczeństwa (Selected Security Aspects), eds. J. J. Piątek, R. Podgórzańska (Szczecin 2007, vol.2); Polsko ukraińska współpraca wojskowa 1989 r (Polish-Ukrainian Militrary Cooperation 1989) [coauthor: P. Krawczuk], [in:] Bezpieczeństwo międzynarodowe i bezpieczeństwo państwa (International Security and National Security), eds. C. Skuza, W. Wróblewski, (Szczecin 2007, vol.1); Polsko litewska współpraca wojskowa (Polish-Lithuanian Military Cooperation), [coauthor: P. Krawczuk] Biuletyn Informacyjny Towarzystwa Wiedzy Obronnej, Bydgoszcz 2010 (Military Knowledge Association Bulletin of Information); Polska, Ukraina wspólne budowanie poczucia bezpieczeństwa (Poland, Ukraine Building Joint Sense of Security) [in:] Dylematy rozwoju Ukrainy (Ukraine's Development Dilemmas), ed. L. Hurska-Kowalczyk (Szczecin 2011); Terrorysta numer jeden minionej dekady (Terrorist No 1 of the Last Decade) [co-author: J. Ciechanowski] [in:] Teoretyczne i praktyczne aspekty walki z terroryzmem i przestępczością (Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Fighting Crime and Terrorism), eds. A. Aksamitowski, 7

8 M. Cupryjak (Szczecin 2012); concerning military history: Wojna polsko sowiecka widziana oczami Kozaka Mikołaja Karnaukowa (Polish-Soviet War seen with Cossack's Mikolaj Karnaukow Own Eyes) ( Przegląd Historyczno Wojskowy 2010, No.1 (The Journal of Military History); Wywiad Armii Krajowej w procesie rozpracowania rakietowych technologii III Rzeszy (The Home Army Intelligence Service in the Process of Operation Enquiry of the Third Reich Missile Technology) ([coauthor: J. Ciechanowski] [in:] Służby specjalne w systemie bezpieczeństwa państwa (The Special Forces in National Security) vol. 1, eds. A. Krzak D. Gibas-Krzak (Szczecin-Warsaw 2012); Narodziny samobieżnych dział przeciwpancernych (The Origins of Self-propelled A/T Guns) [in:] Artyleria polska. Historia teraźniejszość przyszłość (Polish Artillery. History Present Future) (Toruń 2009); Wielonarodowe korpusy w Europie (Multinational Corps in Europe) ( Biuletyn Informacyjny Towarzystwa Wiedzy Obronnej ), Bydgoszcz 2010, No. 1/55 (Military Knowledge Association Bulletin of Information); Jednostki artylerii naziemnej i nadbrzeżnej na Pomorzu Zachodnim (Field and Coastal Artillery Units in West Pomerania between 1945 and 2005), [in:] Artyleria polska. Historia teraźniejszość przyszłość Polish Artillery. History Present Future) (Toruń 2008); Ostatni pułk artylerii na Pomorzu (The Last Artillery Regiment in Pomerania) [coauthor: J. Ciechanowski] [in:] Studia artyleryjskie (Research Studies on Artillery) vol. 1, eds. M. Giętkowski, A. Smoliński, (Toruń 2011); Membership in Academic Councils and Associations: since 2010 member of the Editorial Board of the Book Series: Terrorism. Anti terrorism Conflicts (Terrorism, Antiterrorism Conflict) Adam Marszałek Publishing House; since 2009 member Polish Political Science Association (Polskie Towarzystwo Nauk Politycznych, since 2011 board member of Polish Political Science Association Szczecin branch office; since 2009 member of the editorial board of Biuletyn Informacyjnego Towarzystwa Wiedzy Obronnej (Military Knowledge Association Bulletin of Information) branch office Bydgoszcz; To sum up, my academic achievements once I have obtained a Ph.D. degree include: eight non-serial publications (three as the author, four as the co-author, one as the editor); fifty-eight articles, majority of which discuss issues regarding security 8

9 one report; one review; participation in the 1st and 2nd Political Science Congress (I presented papers); participation in twelve international scientific conferences (I presented papers); participation in twenty-five nationwide scientific conferences (I presented papers); member of the scientific committee of a nationwide scientific conference member of the organising committee of two international and two nationwide scientific conferences III Organisational and Educational Achievements Since spring 2008, for three years I conducted mentioned above classes in Polish and English language for Polish and international students in The West Pomeranian Business School in Szczecin. My primary educational work is since 2008 focused on conducting classes in National Security offered by Peace and Conflict Resolution Department, as well as conducting courses in the Institute of Political Science and European Studies and the Institute of History and Foreign Relations, Faculty of Humanities, University of Szczecin. Since 2010 I have been a member of board of examiners responsible for final examinations of students attending undergraduate studies in National Security. In the academic year 2013/2014 graduate studies in National Security were implemented, and currently I am a thesis promoter of eight BA theses, seven Master's dissertations and one Ph.D. dissertation. During my employment in The West Pomeranian Business School ( ), the only educational institution in the region which offers undergraduate and graduate studies in English, I was responsible for the enrolment of students from all over the world. My outstanding performance in this field was noticed and awarded by the University Evaluation Committee in January In my education work I certainly use my scientific, research as well as professional experience. I try to plan the subject areas and the type of courses in such a way that the participating students find the gained knowledge and information useful in their future professional activities. I believe that this dynamic approach is valued by the students. The course evaluation result conducted among 172 National Security students at the end of the academic year 2012/2013 was Whenever possible and the course profile allows, I arrange for visits in organisations and institutions responsible for security, also outside regular educational activities. I work closely with Academic Career Centre and invite officers and officials from these organisations to attend the classes and share their expertise as they viewed as potential future employers of National Security courses graduates. My classes were visited by (only in the academic year 2012/2013): Chief of City 9

10 Guards in Szczecin, officer of the National Border Guard, Zachodniopomorskie Province Road Transport Inspector, National Security Agency officer, Head of Recruitment Division of the Conscription Office in Szczecin, Operations Command officers of the Polish Armed Forces, 8th Coastal Defence Fleet, NATO Joint Force Training Centre in Bydgoszcz and Multinational Corps Northeast. I initiated signing an agreement between the University of Szczecin, Faculty of Humanities the NATO Corps, I also started cooperation with the Civil Military Cooperation Department of the Corps Two students I have selected participated in a series of seminars and conferences organised by the Multinational Corps Northeast. The final stage of this training was participation in Crystal Eagle 2013 Exercise, certifying deployment of Polish and German units to Afghanistan, conducted in April 2013 in the German Army Base (Bundeswehr) in Wildflecken. In 2013 I initiated the official, fruitful cooperation between University of Szczecin, Faculty of Humanities and the 12th Szczecin Mechanised Division. Since 2009 I have been supervising coordinator of Erasmus Programme. I also coordinate internship programme in the Department. In the academic year 2012/2013 three students of National Security took part Erasmus Programme and went to study abroad, currently two students study abroad. Since June 2012 I have been a member of Education Quality Oversight Committee for postgraduate courses. I am a coordinator of a scientific research project. At the beginning of 2009 I initiated the project Uniformed Services in West Pomerania and Abroad. The main reason why I have decided to initiate this project was an observation that in modern times West Pomerania has existed within the administrative boundaries of Poland only since The process of shaping the region's community has been in progress for the last few decades practically until today. One of the key elements of the emerging post-war life, was establishing security and stability by the state-run institutions, while memories and accounts of soldiers, officers and officials as well as various uniformed services officers may be of great importance for the future generations of researchers. Within the framework of this project National Security students conduct research consisting in e.g. finding specific persons, gathering source materials, and conducting interviews. As to extramural students, majority of them are veterans of peacekeeping operations, which is why often they are able to describe their own experience. Currently, that is until January 2014 I have gathered more than 170 interviews, several hundred documents and a few thousand photographs donated by soldiers, militiamen and policemen, prison officers, fire-fighters, customs officers and other uniformed services officers of the Polish People's Republic period and the Third Republic of Poland period operating in Western Pomerania. The fact that the students who realise this project come from the whole area of the present day Zachodniopomorskie Province plays a crucial role in its successful completion. 10

11 Vast majority of the papers written from 2010 onward, was donated to the Manuscript Division of Pomeranian Library in Szczecin, with the interviewees' permission. In 2011 for the first time the students' papers qualified to the 42nd edition of Competition History of Szczecin Families organised since 1962 by Szczecin Cultural Association and since then our students have taken part in its subsequent editions. In 2013 on the basis of the gathered materials I prepared and edited a scientific research paper Żołnierze z Pomorza Zachodniego w komisjach rozjemczych i operacjach pokojowych ONZ. Wspomnienia relacje refleksje West Pomerania Soldiers in Mediation and Peacekeeping UN Operations. Memories - Narratives Reflections. It includes numerous interviews conducted by the students and memories of soldiers including the time line from 1953 until early XXI century. In 2014 I am going to publish the next paper from this series: Żołnierze z Pomorza Zachodniego w rejonie Zatoki Perskiej. Wspomnienia relacje refleksje. West Pomerania Soldiers in the Persian Gulf Region. Memories - Narratives Reflections which is currently being prepared to be printed. Additionally, I prepared several syllabi and training schemes. I co-authored the curriculum for twoyear extramural complementary M.A. courses in National Security (between 2002 and 2008) in the Institute of Political Science and European Studies, University of Szczecin; the curriculum for three-year full-time undergraduate studies in National Security (run since 2008 in the Peace and Conflict Resolution Department); graduate training scheme in the Faculty of Humanities of the University of Szczecin Financial Institutions Security in April 2012, introduced into the educational offer of University of Szczecin, Faculty of Humanities in July