Bollettino della Comunità Scientifica in Australasia. Ambasciata d Italia CANBERRA. Agosto 2006

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Bollettino della Comunità Scientifica in Australasia. Ambasciata d Italia CANBERRA. Agosto 2006"

Transcription

1 Trieste - Melbourne cooperation in advanced imaging with synchrotron radiation Kaulich B.1, Kiskinova M.1, Mancini L.1, Menk R.H.1, Rigon L.1,2, Tuniz C.2, Tromba G.1, Wilkins S.W.3, Zanini F.1 The International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) in Trieste and Sincrotrone Trieste, together with the ARC Centre of Excellence in Coherent X-Ray Science based in Melbourne (involving Universities of Melbourne, Monash, Swinburne & La Trobe as well as the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, CSIRO), are establishing an International Consortium for Coherent Diffractive X-ray Imaging (I<CCDX>I) at ICTP. The Consortium will support and promote international cooperation in synergy to current ICTP programs, particularly those related to applied physics and condensed matter. It will focus on areas opening new frontiers of research in (1) Coherent diffractive imaging (CDI); (2) All methods of X-ray phase-contrast imaging and microscopy; (3) Related methods of tomography; (4) Full-field and related scanning X-ray microscopy (including soft X-ray); (5) 2D and 3D quantitative elemental mapping using X-ray fluorescence induced by a scanning micron size beam (μxrf); (6) Related fundamental physics aspects; (7) Related X-ray optics and instrument development such as detectors; (8) Associated software development and sharing; (9) Access to major imaging facilities and data processing facilities via remote access. Absorption contrast has been the principal X-ray imaging mode for over 100 years, and only recently has considerable progress been made in developing and implementing novel methods of X-ray imaging based on phase contrast, thanks to the high brightness and high level of coherence of 3rd generation synchrotron sources, the development of high performance microfocus sources and the development of novel x-ray detectors. Several phase-sensitive imaging approaches have been employed and tested in the last decades, such as differential phase and interference contrast, diffraction enhanced contrast, interferometric techniques, phase retrieval techniques etc. (Fitzgerald, 2000). Such techniques are expected to become greatly aided and expanded by the availability of X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs), also called 4th generation sources, in the near future. A simple case is afforded by the propagation-based phase-contrast imaging (PB-PCI), see Snigirev et al. 1995; Wilkins et al. 1996, and Cloetens et al If the source transverse spatial coherence is high enough, free-space propagation transforms the phase modulation of the transmitted beam into an amplitude modulation on the detector. According to the choice of the sample-to-detector distance d (typically ranging from a few centimeters up to a few meters) with respect to the size a of the feature to be identified, one may discriminate between two different regimes: the edge-detection regime (d << a2/λ, where λ is the X-ray wavelength) and the holography regime (d a2/λ) (Cloetens et al. 1997). The former enhances the edges of the sample, improving the image contrast and can benefit from application of phase retrieval techniques to give quantitative information (Nugent et al, 1996). Fig. 1 shows an example with a nylon air-bubble wrap imaged using; a) conventional (absorption-based) imaging and b) PB-PCI. In the holographic regime the edges are modulated so strongly that the image cannot be interpreted directly, but a precise map of the phase shift can be obtained by use of phase retrieval algorithms. Figure 1 Images of a nylon air bubble wrap in: a) conventional (absorption) X-ray imaging and b) phase contrast imaging, edge detection regime. The edge-enhancement in b) allows the visualization of details not visible in a). 12

2 So-called Diffraction Enhanced Imaging (DEI) or Analyzer-Based phase-contrast imaging (AB-PCI) is based on the use of a perfect crystal analyser crystal placed between the sample and the imaging detector (Ingal and Beliaevskaya 1995, Davis et al 1995, Chapman et al. 1997). The analyser acts as an angular filter, selectively accepting or rejecting the photons deviated in the sample at very small angles. Thus, in addition to X-ray absorption, also refraction and ultra-small angle scattering (which continuously evolves from refraction) may be exploited for imaging. Fig. 2 shows a set of three DEI images of a dandelion (taraxacum officinale). They were collected with three different analyzer settings, collecting mostly: a) very-small-angle scattering; b) refraction, and c) absorption and extinction (i.e. rejection of very small angle scattering) signal. Figure 2 Images of a dandelion (taraxacum officinale) collected with different analyzer settings (see text). Other phase contrast techniques applied for X-ray microscopy require special detectors and/or special tailoring optics (Kaulich et al. 2002; Wilhein et al. 2001; Di Fabrizio et al. 2003; Morrison et al. 1998). Fig. 3 shows one example of differential phase contrast. The images were taken with the TwinMic station at ELETTRA using a configured EMCCD camera, which allows simultaneous acquisition of brightfield images and a center of gravity differential phase contrast images (Kaulich et al. 2006). Figure 3: Marine planktonic diatom Coscinodiscus sp., encased in an intricately patterned pillbox-like skeleton of amorphous biosilicate. The ornate of the biosilicate shell consisting of a double hexagonal layer are observed. The brightfield image (left) and the differential phase contrast image (right) are acquired simultaneously. Photon energy: 718 ev. Dwell time per pixel: 80 ms. In X-ray computed micro-tomography (µ-ct) the sample is rotated in front of the detector, and several different projections are acquired. A 3D image is then reconstructed by back-projecting the profiles collected in this way with specific mathematical recipes. As for planar imaging, µ-ct can be performed both in absorption or phase-sensitive modality (in edge detection or in holography regime), depending on the sample-to-detector distance d. An example of phase sensitive µ-ct (edge detection regime) of polystyrene can be seen in figure 4. Of note is that both macro- and micro-structures are visualized, even if the absorption of polystyrene is negligible, due to edge enhancement. 13

3 Figure 4 Phase sensitive micro tomographic volume reconstructions of polystyrene foam, obtained at 10 kev, d=18 cm with a 14 micron pixel size. Left: reconstruction from 33 slices. Right: reconstruction from 199 slices. Moreover, three-dimensional elemental imaging can be obtained by combining microtomography with x-ray fluorescence induced by a scanning micron size beam (μxrf) (Tuniz et al. 1990). An example is given in figure 5, where the Uranium (U) and Plutonium (Pu) distributions in a hot particle are mapped. Figure 5 Example of 3D elemental imaging using XRF μct. (courtesy of D. Wegrzynek, A. Markowicz, E. Chinea-Cano, S. Bamford, M. Bogovac, Seibersdorf IAEA Laboratories). The main advantages of phase-sensitive X-ray imaging techniques are basically three : (i) new and improved contrast, (ii) the applied X-ray dose may be reduced dramatically, and (iii) the exposure time (and hence radiation damage) is less, because the phase shift cross-section dominates the absorption cross-section (Sayre et al. 1995). One exciting new area of activity in phase-sensitive X-ray imaging which is making rapid progress is that of Coherent Diffractive Imaging and which relies on the inversion of far-field (diffraction) data to obtain high spatial resolution structural information on non-periodic objects. The original idea and approach was due to Sayre (1980). More recently important new demonstrations of this technique have been obtained e.g. by Miao et al (1999), Shapiro et al (2005) and Quiney et al (2006). The technique of CDI offers the opportunity for very high spatial resolution structure determination of non-periodic objects, not limited by the need for 14

4 corresponding high resolution X-ray optics. A major goal of various consortia recently established around the world, including those linked to the I<CCDX>I is to push these techniques to molecular and ultimately atomic resolution. Key frontier challenges here are problems such as the determination of the structure of membrane proteins in their functional form in situ. Several areas of materials science, medicine, biology, environmental science, food science, geology, archaeology etc have already benefited from applying phase contrast imaging techniques. At ELETTRA, important results have been obtained studying shape memory alloys (Besseghini et al. 2004), highperformance sail fabrics (Tesei et al. 2005a), endodontic obturations (Contardo et al. 2005), oral implants (Tesei et al. 2005b), bone and cartilage in healthy and arthritic joints (Majumdar et al. 2004, Muehleman et al. 2004), mammography (Arfelli et al. 2000), anatomy and embryology of insects (Hönnicke et al. 2005), metal intake in plants (Kaiser et al. 2005), bread porous structure (Falcone et al. 2004), detection of microdiamonds in kimberlitic rocks (Schena et al. 2005), environmental marine and soil samples (Kaulich et al. 2006, Thieme et al. 2006), archaeological glasses (Gerlach et al. 2003) and other archeometric investigations (Zanini et al 2006). In mid-march 2006, the first clinical mammography studies using SR and involving phase-contrast were carried out at the SYRMEP beamline at ELETTRA. The ICCDXI aims at fostering international cooperation and understanding in the area, for instance promoting image processing software development, evaluation and sharing among members; supporting research into fundamental aspects of CDI and on advanced X-ray detectors and X-ray optics; pursuing funding opportunities in connection with consortium members who are eligible and wish to combine together on such proposals; running conferences, workshops and training courses. Moreover, the Consortium will especially promote and support opportunities for the involvement of people from developing countries, both via remote access to advanced X-ray imaging techniques and facilities, and supporting them for extended study visits at ICTP. Scientists from Developing Countries will also benefit through schools and courses in advanced imaging, including experimental activities at the ICTP Laboratory and at ELETTRA. In particular, India and Brazil are developing capabilities in advanced imaging with synchrotron radiation and, with the support of the proposed Consortium, could act as regional resource centres for less developed countries. An imaging beamline is also being planned for SESAME, the synchrotron facility being built in Jordan with the support of UNESCO and of the European Union. The second international meeting on this topic will be held in Trieste on May 20-22, focusing on the performance required from future imaging systems to solve critical problems in life and material sciences. New funding sources for this enterprise are being identified. References: Arfelli F. et al., Radiology, 215 (2000) Besseghini S. et al., Mat. Sci. Eng. A 378 (2004) 125 Chapman D. et al., Phys. Med. Biol. 42 (1997) Cloetens, P. Barrett, R. Baruchel, J. Guigay, J-P and Schlenker,M. J.Phys.D: Appl.Phys. 29, (1996). Cloetens P. et al., J. Appl. Phys. 81 (1997) Contardo L. et al., Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A 548 (2005) Davis T. J. et al., Nature 373 (1995) Di Fabrizio E. et al., Microelectron. Eng (2003) 87 Falcone P. M. et al., Journal of Food Science 69 (2004) FEP38-FEP43 Fitzgerald R., Phys. Today 53 (2000) Gerlach S. et al., Elettra Highlights (2003) Hönnicke M. G. Et al., Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A 548 (2005) Kaiser J. et al., European Physical Journal D 32 (2005) Kaulich B. et al., J. Opt. Soc. Am 19 (2002) Kaulich B. et al., IPAP Conf. Series (2006) in press Ingal V.N. and Beliaevskaya E. A., J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 28 (1995) Majumdar S. et al., Eur Radiol. 14 (2004) Miao, J. et al Nature 400 (1999) Morrison G. R. et al., in X-ray microscopy and spectromicroscopy, J. Thieme, G. Schmahl, D. Rudolph, and E. Umbach, eds. (Springer Verlag Berlin, 1998), pp. I-85-I-94 Muehleman C. et al., Osteoarthr. Cartilage, 12 (2004) Nugent, K.A. et al, Phys. Rev. Letts. 77, (1996) Quiney, H.M. et al Nature Physics, 2 (2006), Sayre, D. in Imaging Processes and Coherence in Physics (eds Schlenker, J. et al) (Springer, Berlin 1980). Sayre D. et al., Ultramicroscopy 2 (1995)

5 Schena G. et al., International Journal of Mineral Processing 75 (2005) Shapiro, D. et al (2005) Proc. Natl. Acad. sci. 102, Snigirev A. et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 66 (1995) Tesei L. et al., Advanced Engineering Materials 7 (2005a) Tesei L. et al., Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A 548 (2005b) Thieme J. et al., Syn. Rad. News, (2006) in press Tuniz C. et al., Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. B 50 (1990) Wilhein T. et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 78 (2001) 2082 Wilkins S. W. et al., Nature 384 (1996) Zanini F. et al., J. Neutron Res. (2006) in press Kaulich B. 1, Kiskinova M. 1, Mancini L. 1, Menk R.H. 1, Rigon L. 1,2,, Tuniz C. 2, Tromba G. 1, Wilkins S.W. 3, Zanini F Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy 2. The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy 3. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Melbourne, Australia Original manuscript in English 16

STAR: State of the art

STAR: State of the art i n v e s t i a m o n e l v o s t r o f u t u r o STAR: State of the art Raffaele G. Agostino PON MaTeRiA Materials and Technologies for Advanced Research MaTeRiA EU/National Funding PON Ricerca e Competititvità

More information

High-resolution bio-imaging with liquid-metal-jet x-ray sources

High-resolution bio-imaging with liquid-metal-jet x-ray sources High-resolution bio-imaging with liquid-metal-jet x-ray sources Hans Hertz Dept. of Applied Physics Royal Inst. of Technol. (KTH), Stockholm KTH: Ulf Lundström, Daniel Larsson, Anna Burvall, Tunhe Zou,

More information

Micro-CT for SEM Non-destructive Measurement and Volume Visualization of Specimens Internal Microstructure in SEM Micro-CT Innovation with Integrity

Micro-CT for SEM Non-destructive Measurement and Volume Visualization of Specimens Internal Microstructure in SEM Micro-CT Innovation with Integrity Micro-CT for SEM Non-destructive Measurement and Volume Visualization of Specimens Internal Microstructure in SEM Innovation with Integrity Micro-CT 3D Microscopy Using Micro-CT for SEM Micro-CT for SEM

More information

1936-50. Advanced School on Synchrotron and Free Electron Laser Sources and their Multidisciplinary Applications. 7-25 April 2008

1936-50. Advanced School on Synchrotron and Free Electron Laser Sources and their Multidisciplinary Applications. 7-25 April 2008 1936-50 Advanced School on Synchrotron and Free Electron Laser Sources and their Multidisciplinary Applications 7-25 April 2008 Application of x-ray imaging in Medicine Giuliana Tromba Sincrotrone Trieste

More information

Wir schaffen Wissen heute für morgen

Wir schaffen Wissen heute für morgen Diffractive optics for photon beam diagnostics at hard XFELs Wir schaffen Wissen heute für morgen PSI: SLAC: ESRF: SOLEIL: APS: SACLA: EuroXFEL C. David, S. Rutishauser, P. Karvinen, Y. Kayser, U. Flechsig,

More information

Content. > How to ensure sustainability of RIs? > RIs generate knowledge > Socio-economic impact of RIs

Content. > How to ensure sustainability of RIs? > RIs generate knowledge > Socio-economic impact of RIs Long-term Sustainability of Accelerator-Driven Research Infrastructures in the Knowledge- Based Economy. Dr. Ute Krell Seminar on Role of RIs for a Competitive Knowledge Economy Brussels, 30 June 2009

More information

I-Max Touch Range. PAN / CEPH / 3D digital panoramic unit. Evolutive 3 in 1 panoramic unit

I-Max Touch Range. PAN / CEPH / 3D digital panoramic unit. Evolutive 3 in 1 panoramic unit I-Max Touch Range PAN / CEPH / 3D digital panoramic unit Evolutive 3 in 1 panoramic unit 3D A new dimension for a complete diagnosis I-Max Touch 3D Evolutive, simple, fast The panoramic unit realizes complete

More information

Acousto-optic modulator

Acousto-optic modulator 1 of 3 Acousto-optic modulator F An acousto-optic modulator (AOM), also called a Bragg cell, uses the acousto-optic effect to diffract and shift the frequency of light using sound waves (usually at radio-frequency).

More information

*rongchang.chen@ts.infn.it

*rongchang.chen@ts.infn.it Comparison of single distance phase retrieval algorithms by considering different object composition and the effect of statistical and structural noise R. C. Chen, 1,2,* L. Rigon, 2,3 and R. Longo 2,3

More information

NEAR FIELD OPTICAL MICROSCOPY AND SPECTROSCOPY WITH STM AND AFM PROBES

NEAR FIELD OPTICAL MICROSCOPY AND SPECTROSCOPY WITH STM AND AFM PROBES Vol. 93 (1997) A CTA PHYSICA POLONICA A No. 2 Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Scanning Probe Spectroscopy and Related Methods, Poznań 1997 NEAR FIELD OPTICAL MICROSCOPY AND SPECTROSCOPY

More information

Tecniche di imaging con luce di sincrotrone per lo studio dei geomateriali: dalla radiografia alla tomografia computerizzata a 4 dimensioni

Tecniche di imaging con luce di sincrotrone per lo studio dei geomateriali: dalla radiografia alla tomografia computerizzata a 4 dimensioni Tecniche di imaging con luce di sincrotrone per lo studio dei geomateriali: dalla radiografia alla tomografia computerizzata a 4 dimensioni Lucia MANCINI Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. 34149 Basovizza

More information

Status of the FERMI@Elettra Free Electron Laser

Status of the FERMI@Elettra Free Electron Laser Status of the FERMI@Elettra Free Electron Laser E. Allaria on behalf of the FERMI team Work partially supported by the Italian Ministry of University and Research under grants FIRB-RBAP045JF2 and FIRB-RBAP06AWK3

More information

Physics 441/2: Transmission Electron Microscope

Physics 441/2: Transmission Electron Microscope Physics 441/2: Transmission Electron Microscope Introduction In this experiment we will explore the use of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to take us into the world of ultrasmall structures. This

More information

BIG data big problems big opportunities Rudolf Dimper Head of Technical Infrastructure Division ESRF

BIG data big problems big opportunities Rudolf Dimper Head of Technical Infrastructure Division ESRF BIG data big problems big opportunities Rudolf Dimper Head of Technical Infrastructure Division ESRF Slide: 1 ! 6 GeV, 850m circonference Storage Ring! 42 public and CRG beamlines! 6000+ user visits/y!

More information

5. Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy 5.1. Resolution of conventional optical microscopy

5. Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy 5.1. Resolution of conventional optical microscopy 5. Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy 5.1. Resolution of conventional optical microscopy Resolution of optical microscope is limited by diffraction. Light going through an aperture makes diffraction

More information

Basic principles and mechanisms of NSOM; Different scanning modes and systems of NSOM; General applications and advantages of NSOM.

Basic principles and mechanisms of NSOM; Different scanning modes and systems of NSOM; General applications and advantages of NSOM. Lecture 16: Near-field Scanning Optical Microscopy (NSOM) Background of NSOM; Basic principles and mechanisms of NSOM; Basic components of a NSOM; Different scanning modes and systems of NSOM; General

More information

Development of Optical Wave Microphone Measuring Sound Waves with No Diaphragm

Development of Optical Wave Microphone Measuring Sound Waves with No Diaphragm Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium Proceedings, Taipei, March 5 8, 3 359 Development of Optical Wave Microphone Measuring Sound Waves with No Diaphragm Yoshito Sonoda, Takashi Samatsu, and

More information

Preface Light Microscopy X-ray Diffraction Methods

Preface Light Microscopy X-ray Diffraction Methods Preface xi 1 Light Microscopy 1 1.1 Optical Principles 1 1.1.1 Image Formation 1 1.1.2 Resolution 3 1.1.3 Depth of Field 5 1.1.4 Aberrations 6 1.2 Instrumentation 8 1.2.1 Illumination System 9 1.2.2 Objective

More information

Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy for Measuring Materials Properties at the Nanoscale

Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy for Measuring Materials Properties at the Nanoscale Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy for Measuring Materials Properties at the Nanoscale Outline Background Research Design Detection of Near-Field Signal Submonolayer Chemical Sensitivity Conclusions

More information

Scanning Electron Microscopy: an overview on application and perspective

Scanning Electron Microscopy: an overview on application and perspective Scanning Electron Microscopy: an overview on application and perspective Elvio Carlino Center for Electron Microscopy - IOM-CNR Laboratorio Nazionale TASC - Trieste, Italy Location of the Center for Electron

More information

Scanning Near Field Optical Microscopy: Principle, Instrumentation and Applications

Scanning Near Field Optical Microscopy: Principle, Instrumentation and Applications Scanning Near Field Optical Microscopy: Principle, Instrumentation and Applications Saulius Marcinkevičius Optics, ICT, KTH 1 Outline Optical near field. Principle of scanning near field optical microscope

More information

Neuro imaging: looking with lasers in the brain

Neuro imaging: looking with lasers in the brain Neuro imaging: looking with lasers in the brain Aim: To image life cells, label free, with cellular resolution in deep tissue Marloes Groot Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Faculteit Exacte Wetenschappen Natuurkunde

More information

Confocal μ-xrf for 3D analysis of elements distribution in hot environmental particles

Confocal μ-xrf for 3D analysis of elements distribution in hot environmental particles LLNL-TR-400056 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY Confocal μ-xrf for 3D analysis of elements distribution in hot environmental particles M. Bielewski M. Eriksson J. Himbert R. Simon M. Betti T.F. Hamilton

More information

Phase-contrast X-ray imaging with synchrotron radiation for materials science applications

Phase-contrast X-ray imaging with synchrotron radiation for materials science applications Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 199 (2003) 427 435 www.elsevier.com/locate/nimb Phase-contrast X-ray imaging with synchrotron radiation for materials science applications A.W. Stevenson

More information

http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.906346

http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.906346 Stephanie Fullerton ; Keith Bennett ; Eiji Toda and Teruo Takahashi "Camera simulation engine enables efficient system optimization for super-resolution imaging", Proc. SPIE 8228, Single Molecule Spectroscopy

More information

NANOFLAM. Projet ANR Blanc 2011 BS0401001. Aide allouée: 337 000, durée 36+8 mois (fin : Mai 2015) Laboratoire H. Curien

NANOFLAM. Projet ANR Blanc 2011 BS0401001. Aide allouée: 337 000, durée 36+8 mois (fin : Mai 2015) Laboratoire H. Curien Laboratoire H. Curien Centre de Physique Théorique F. Courvoisier R. Stoian & T. Itina A. Couairon NANOFLAM Projet ANR Blanc 2011 BS0401001 Contrôle de la filamentation et de la génération de plasma avec

More information

Master Degree Program

Master Degree Program SAINT PETERSBURG STATE ELECTROTECHNICAL UNIVERSITY LETI Laser Measurement and Navigation Systems department Master Degree Program ETU LETI TRADITIONS AND INNOVATIONS ETU LETI is the oldest Electrotechnical

More information

It has long been a goal to achieve higher spatial resolution in optical imaging and

It has long been a goal to achieve higher spatial resolution in optical imaging and Nano-optical Imaging using Scattering Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopy Fehmi Yasin, Advisor: Dr. Markus Raschke, Post-doc: Dr. Gregory Andreev, Graduate Student: Benjamin Pollard Department of Physics,

More information

ULTRAFAST LASERS: Free electron lasers thrive from synergy with ultrafast laser systems

ULTRAFAST LASERS: Free electron lasers thrive from synergy with ultrafast laser systems Page 1 of 6 ULTRAFAST LASERS: Free electron lasers thrive from synergy with ultrafast laser systems Free electron lasers support unique time-resolved experiments over a wide range of x-ray wavelengths,

More information

Apertureless Near-Field Optical Microscopy

Apertureless Near-Field Optical Microscopy VI Apertureless Near-Field Optical Microscopy In recent years, several types of apertureless near-field optical microscopes have been developed 1,2,3,4,5,6,7. In such instruments, light scattered from

More information

Color holographic 3D display unit with aperture field division

Color holographic 3D display unit with aperture field division Color holographic 3D display unit with aperture field division Weronika Zaperty, Tomasz Kozacki, Malgorzata Kujawinska, Grzegorz Finke Photonics Engineering Division, Faculty of Mechatronics Warsaw University

More information

ESRF Upgrade Phase II: le nuove opportunitá per le linee da magnete curvante

ESRF Upgrade Phase II: le nuove opportunitá per le linee da magnete curvante LUCI DI SINCROTRONE CNR, ROMA 22 APRILE 2014 ESRF Upgrade Phase II: le nuove opportunitá per le linee da magnete curvante Sakura Pascarelli sakura@esrf.fr Page 2 INCREASE IN BRILLIANCE H emittance V emittance

More information

Near-field scanning optical microscopy (SNOM)

Near-field scanning optical microscopy (SNOM) Adviser: dr. Maja Remškar Institut Jožef Stefan January 2010 1 2 3 4 5 6 Fluorescence Raman and surface enhanced Raman 7 Conventional optical microscopy-limited resolution Two broad classes of techniques

More information

Preview of Period 3: Electromagnetic Waves Radiant Energy II

Preview of Period 3: Electromagnetic Waves Radiant Energy II Preview of Period 3: Electromagnetic Waves Radiant Energy II 3.1 Radiant Energy from the Sun How is light reflected and transmitted? What is polarized light? 3.2 Energy Transfer with Radiant Energy How

More information

Physical Properties and Functionalization of Low-Dimensional Materials

Physical Properties and Functionalization of Low-Dimensional Materials Physical Properties and Functionalization of Low-Dimensional Materials Physics Department, University of Trieste Graduate School of Physics, XXVI cycle Supervisor: Co-supervisor: Prof. Alessandro BARALDI

More information

Technical Meeting on the Socio-Economic Benefits of Ion Beam Accelerators for Developing Member States

Technical Meeting on the Socio-Economic Benefits of Ion Beam Accelerators for Developing Member States Technical Meeting on the Socio-Economic Benefits of Ion Beam Accelerators for Developing Member States Vienna, Austria 19 23 October 2015 Ref. No.: F1-TM-49620 Information Sheet A. Background Ion beam

More information

Holographically corrected microscope with a large working distance (as appears in Applied Optics, Vol. 37, No. 10, 1849-1853, 1 April 1998)

Holographically corrected microscope with a large working distance (as appears in Applied Optics, Vol. 37, No. 10, 1849-1853, 1 April 1998) Holographically corrected microscope with a large working distance (as appears in Applied Optics, Vol. 37, No. 10, 1849-1853, 1 April 1998) Geoff Andersen and R. J. Knize Laser and Optics Research Center

More information

Contents. X-ray and Computed Tomography. Characterization of X-rays. Production of X-rays

Contents. X-ray and Computed Tomography. Characterization of X-rays. Production of X-rays J. E. Wilhjelm Ørsted TU Technical University of enmark, Bldg. 348, K-2800 Kongens Lyngby, enmark. X-ray and Computed Tomography Contents History and characterization of X-rays Conventional (projection)

More information

Hanover Center for Optical Technologies - HOT

Hanover Center for Optical Technologies - HOT Hanover Center for Optical Technologies - HOT apl. Prof. Dr. Bernhard Roth Bernhard.Roth@hot.uni-hannover.de www.hot.uni-hannover.de Hannover, November 18 th, 2014 Hannoversches Zentrum für Optische Technologien

More information

Reprint (R22) Avoiding Errors in UV Radiation Measurements. By Thomas C. Larason July 2001. Reprinted from Photonics Spectra, Laurin Publishing

Reprint (R22) Avoiding Errors in UV Radiation Measurements. By Thomas C. Larason July 2001. Reprinted from Photonics Spectra, Laurin Publishing Reprint (R22) Avoiding Errors in UV Radiation Measurements By Thomas C. Larason July 2001 Reprinted from Photonics Spectra, Laurin Publishing Gooch & Housego 4632 36 th Street, Orlando, FL 32811 Tel: 1

More information

SILA Sistema Integrato di Laboratori per l Ambiente. CENTRE FOR MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS Scientific coordinator: Prof.ssa Rosanna De Rosa

SILA Sistema Integrato di Laboratori per l Ambiente. CENTRE FOR MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS Scientific coordinator: Prof.ssa Rosanna De Rosa CENTRE FOR MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS Scientific coordinator: Prof.ssa Rosanna De Rosa 0 The Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis (CM2) is an interdisciplinary service centre, a comprehensive suite

More information

COMPARISON OF FOUR DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE FOR COMBINED X-RAY REFLECTIVITY AND GRAZING INCIDENCE X-RAY FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENTS

COMPARISON OF FOUR DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE FOR COMBINED X-RAY REFLECTIVITY AND GRAZING INCIDENCE X-RAY FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENTS COMPARISON OF FOUR DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE FOR COMBINED X-RAY REFLECTIVITY AND GRAZING INCIDENCE X-RAY FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENTS Bérenger Caby (1), Fabio Brigidi (2), Dieter Ingerle (3), Blanka Detlefs

More information

Powder diffraction and synchrotron radiation

Powder diffraction and synchrotron radiation Powder diffraction and synchrotron radiation Gilberto Artioli Dip. Geoscienze UNIPD CIRCe Center for Cement Materials single xl diffraction powder diffraction Ideal powder Powder averaging Textured sample

More information

MODELING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MECHANICAL SYSTEM AND CONTROL OF A CT WITH LOW ENERGY PROTON BEAM

MODELING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MECHANICAL SYSTEM AND CONTROL OF A CT WITH LOW ENERGY PROTON BEAM MODELING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MECHANICAL SYSTEM AND CONTROL OF A CT WITH LOW ENERGY PROTON BEAM João Antônio Palma Setti, j.setti@pucpr.br Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná / Rua Imaculada

More information

Fast Z-stacking 3D Microscopy Extended Depth of Field Autofocus Z Depth Measurement 3D Surface Analysis

Fast Z-stacking 3D Microscopy Extended Depth of Field Autofocus Z Depth Measurement 3D Surface Analysis Cam CANIMPEX CPX-SOLUTIONS 3D Digital Microscope Camera FAST PRECISE AFFORDABLE 3D CAMERA FOR MICROSCOPY Fast Z-stacking 3D Microscopy Extended Depth of Field Autofocus Z Depth Measurement 3D Surface Analysis

More information

Computed Tomography Resolution Enhancement by Integrating High-Resolution 2D X-Ray Images into the CT reconstruction

Computed Tomography Resolution Enhancement by Integrating High-Resolution 2D X-Ray Images into the CT reconstruction Digital Industrial Radiology and Computed Tomography (DIR 2015) 22-25 June 2015, Belgium, Ghent - www.ndt.net/app.dir2015 More Info at Open Access Database www.ndt.net/?id=18046 Computed Tomography Resolution

More information

Realization of a UV fisheye hyperspectral camera

Realization of a UV fisheye hyperspectral camera Realization of a UV fisheye hyperspectral camera Valentina Caricato, Andrea Egidi, Marco Pisani and Massimo Zucco, INRIM Outline Purpose of the instrument Required specs Hyperspectral technique Optical

More information

Polarization Dependence in X-ray Spectroscopy and Scattering. S P Collins et al Diamond Light Source UK

Polarization Dependence in X-ray Spectroscopy and Scattering. S P Collins et al Diamond Light Source UK Polarization Dependence in X-ray Spectroscopy and Scattering S P Collins et al Diamond Light Source UK Overview of talk 1. Experimental techniques at Diamond: why we care about x-ray polarization 2. How

More information

Spectral distribution from end window X-ray tubes

Spectral distribution from end window X-ray tubes Copyright (C) JCPDS-International Centre for Diffraction Data 1999 393 Spectral distribution from end window X-ray tubes N. Broll 1, P. de Chateaubourg 2 1 FORTEX - E.N.S.A.I.S. 24, bld de la Victoire,

More information

Time out states and transitions

Time out states and transitions Time out states and transitions Spectroscopy transitions between energy states of a molecule excited by absorption or emission of a photon hn = DE = E i - E f Energy levels due to interactions between

More information

Technical Considerations Detecting Transparent Materials in Particle Analysis. Michael Horgan

Technical Considerations Detecting Transparent Materials in Particle Analysis. Michael Horgan Technical Considerations Detecting Transparent Materials in Particle Analysis Michael Horgan Who We Are Fluid Imaging Technology Manufacturers of the FlowCam series of particle analyzers FlowCam HQ location

More information

CASE STUDY LANDSLIDE MONITORING

CASE STUDY LANDSLIDE MONITORING Introduction Monitoring of terrain movements (unstable slopes, landslides, glaciers, ) is an increasingly important task for today s geotechnical people asked to prevent or forecast natural disaster that

More information

Design and Fabrication of Diffractive Optical Elements

Design and Fabrication of Diffractive Optical Elements Design and Fabrication of Diffractive Optical Elements propagation From Refractive to diffractive Optics n = 1 - + i : Imaginary part of complex refractive index; : Incoming wavelength; Refractive Profile

More information

Fiber Optic Tweezers and Optical Stretcher: biophotonic tools for single cell studies

Fiber Optic Tweezers and Optical Stretcher: biophotonic tools for single cell studies Fiber Optic Tweezers and Optical Stretcher: biophotonic tools for single cell studies F. Bragheri, L. Ferrara, P. Minzioni, I. Cristiani Electronics Department, University of Pavia, Italy francesca.bragheri@unipv.it

More information

This is an author-deposited version published in: http://sam.ensam.eu Handle ID:.http://hdl.handle.net/10985/10324

This is an author-deposited version published in: http://sam.ensam.eu Handle ID:.http://hdl.handle.net/10985/10324 Science Arts & Métiers (SAM) is an open access repository that collects the work of Arts et Métiers ParisTech researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. This is an author-deposited

More information

Digital Remote Sensing Data Processing Digital Remote Sensing Data Processing and Analysis: An Introduction and Analysis: An Introduction

Digital Remote Sensing Data Processing Digital Remote Sensing Data Processing and Analysis: An Introduction and Analysis: An Introduction Digital Remote Sensing Data Processing Digital Remote Sensing Data Processing and Analysis: An Introduction and Analysis: An Introduction Content Remote sensing data Spatial, spectral, radiometric and

More information

TOF-PET DETECTOR CONCEPT BASED ON ORGANIC SCINTILLATORS

TOF-PET DETECTOR CONCEPT BASED ON ORGANIC SCINTILLATORS TOF-PET DETECTOR CONCEPT BASED ON ORGANIC SCINTILLATORS P. Moskal, T. Bednarski, P. Białas, M. Ciszewska, E. Czerwiński, A. Heczko, M. Kajetanowicz, Ł. Kapłon, A. Kochanowski, G. Konopka-Cupiał, G. Korcyl,

More information

CALCULATION METHODS OF X-RAY SPECTRA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

CALCULATION METHODS OF X-RAY SPECTRA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY 243 CALCULATION METHODS OF X-RAY SPECTRA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY B. Chyba, M. Mantler, H. Ebel, R. Svagera Technische Universit Vienna, Austria ABSTRACT The accurate characterization of the spectral distribution

More information

Recording the Instrument Response Function of a Multiphoton FLIM System

Recording the Instrument Response Function of a Multiphoton FLIM System Recording the Instrument Response Function of a Multiphoton FLIM System Abstract. FLIM data analysis in presence of SHG signals or extremely fast decay components requires the correct instrument response

More information

International Year of Light 2015 Tech-Talks BREGENZ: Mehmet Arik Well-Being in Office Applications Light Measurement & Quality Parameters

International Year of Light 2015 Tech-Talks BREGENZ: Mehmet Arik Well-Being in Office Applications Light Measurement & Quality Parameters www.led-professional.com ISSN 1993-890X Trends & Technologies for Future Lighting Solutions ReviewJan/Feb 2015 Issue LpR 47 International Year of Light 2015 Tech-Talks BREGENZ: Mehmet Arik Well-Being in

More information

Archimedes Palimpsest Metadata Standard XRF Extensions DRAFT

Archimedes Palimpsest Metadata Standard XRF Extensions DRAFT Archimedes Palimpsest Metadata Standard XRF Extensions DRAFT [These metadata extensions to the Archimedes Palimpsest Metadata Standard 1.0X are currently under review. Comments may be provided to Bob Morton

More information

Raman spectroscopy Lecture

Raman spectroscopy Lecture Raman spectroscopy Lecture Licentiate course in measurement science and technology Spring 2008 10.04.2008 Antti Kivioja Contents - Introduction - What is Raman spectroscopy? - The theory of Raman spectroscopy

More information

Development and Experimental Performance Evaluation of a Dose-Rate meter for Pulsed Beam.

Development and Experimental Performance Evaluation of a Dose-Rate meter for Pulsed Beam. 5 th International Workshop on Radiation Safety at Synchrotron Radiation Sources Development and Experimental Performance Evaluation of a Dose-Rate meter for Pulsed Beam. A. Vascotto 1, K. Casarin 1, S.

More information

Lectures about XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence)

Lectures about XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) 1 / 38 Lectures about XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) Advanced Physics Laboratory Laurea Magistrale in Fisica year 2013 - Camerino 2 / 38 X-ray Fluorescence XRF is an acronym for X-Ray Fluorescence. The XRF technique

More information

A PHOTOGRAMMETRIC APPRAOCH FOR AUTOMATIC TRAFFIC ASSESSMENT USING CONVENTIONAL CCTV CAMERA

A PHOTOGRAMMETRIC APPRAOCH FOR AUTOMATIC TRAFFIC ASSESSMENT USING CONVENTIONAL CCTV CAMERA A PHOTOGRAMMETRIC APPRAOCH FOR AUTOMATIC TRAFFIC ASSESSMENT USING CONVENTIONAL CCTV CAMERA N. Zarrinpanjeh a, F. Dadrassjavan b, H. Fattahi c * a Islamic Azad University of Qazvin - nzarrin@qiau.ac.ir

More information

X-Rays and Magnetism From Fundamentals to Nanoscale Dynamics

X-Rays and Magnetism From Fundamentals to Nanoscale Dynamics X-Rays and Magnetism From Fundamentals to Nanoscale Dynamics Joachim Stöhr Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory X-rays have come a long way 1895 1993 10 cm 10 µm 100 nm Collaborators: SSRL Stanford:

More information

Laser-induced surface phonons and their excitation of nanostructures

Laser-induced surface phonons and their excitation of nanostructures CHINESE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS VOL. 49, NO. 1 FEBRUARY 2011 Laser-induced surface phonons and their excitation of nanostructures Markus Schmotz, 1, Dominik Gollmer, 1 Florian Habel, 1 Stephen Riedel, 1 and

More information

Spherical Beam Volume Holograms Recorded in Reflection Geometry for Diffuse Source Spectroscopy

Spherical Beam Volume Holograms Recorded in Reflection Geometry for Diffuse Source Spectroscopy Spherical Beam Volume Holograms Recorded in Reflection Geometry for Diffuse Source Spectroscopy Sundeep Jolly A Proposal Presented to the Academic Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for

More information

Fundamentals of modern UV-visible spectroscopy. Presentation Materials

Fundamentals of modern UV-visible spectroscopy. Presentation Materials Fundamentals of modern UV-visible spectroscopy Presentation Materials The Electromagnetic Spectrum E = hν ν = c / λ 1 Electronic Transitions in Formaldehyde 2 Electronic Transitions and Spectra of Atoms

More information

Nanoscience Course Descriptions

Nanoscience Course Descriptions Nanoscience Course Descriptions NANO*1000 Introduction to Nanoscience This course introduces students to the emerging field of nanoscience. Its representation in popular culture and journalism will be

More information

Pulsed laser deposition of organic materials

Pulsed laser deposition of organic materials Pulsed laser deposition of organic materials PhD theses Gabriella Kecskeméti Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics University of Szeged Supervisor: Dr. Béla Hopp senior research fellow Department

More information

Guide to Understanding X-ray Crystallography

Guide to Understanding X-ray Crystallography Guide to Understanding X-ray Crystallography What is X-ray Crystallography and why do I need to learn it? X-ray Crystallography is a scientific method of determining the precise positions/arrangements

More information

How To Understand Light And Color

How To Understand Light And Color PRACTICE EXAM IV P202 SPRING 2004 1. In two separate double slit experiments, an interference pattern is observed on a screen. In the first experiment, violet light (λ = 754 nm) is used and a second-order

More information

ON-STREAM XRF ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METALS AT PPM CONCENTRATIONS

ON-STREAM XRF ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METALS AT PPM CONCENTRATIONS Copyright JCPDS - International Centre for Diffraction Data 2004, Advances in X-ray Analysis, Volume 47. 130 ABSTRACT ON-STREAM XRF ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METALS AT PPM CONCENTRATIONS G Roach and J Tickner

More information

A Simple Fiber Optic displacement Sensor for Measurement of Light Intensity with the Displacement

A Simple Fiber Optic displacement Sensor for Measurement of Light Intensity with the Displacement A Simple Fiber Optic displacement Sensor for Measurement of Light Intensity with the Displacement Trilochan patra Assistant professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Techno India

More information

Imaging techniques with refractive beam shaping optics

Imaging techniques with refractive beam shaping optics Imaging techniques with refractive beam shaping optics Alexander Laskin, Vadim Laskin AdlOptica GmbH, Rudower Chaussee 29, 12489 Berlin, Germany ABSTRACT Applying of the refractive beam shapers in real

More information

Dose enhancement near metal electrodes in diamond X- ray detectors. A. Lohstroh*, and D. Alamoudi

Dose enhancement near metal electrodes in diamond X- ray detectors. A. Lohstroh*, and D. Alamoudi Dose enhancement near metal electrodes in diamond X- ray detectors Acknowledgements Surrey University: P.J. Sellin M. Abd-El Rahman P. Veeramani H. Al-Barakaty F. Schirru Mechanical Workshop A. Lohstroh*,

More information

Applications of New, High Intensity X-Ray Optics - Normal and thin film diffraction using a parabolic, multilayer mirror

Applications of New, High Intensity X-Ray Optics - Normal and thin film diffraction using a parabolic, multilayer mirror Applications of New, High Intensity X-Ray Optics - Normal and thin film diffraction using a parabolic, multilayer mirror Stephen B. Robie scintag, Inc. 10040 Bubb Road Cupertino, CA 95014 Abstract Corundum

More information

Microscopy. MICROSCOPY Light Electron Tunnelling Atomic Force RESOLVE: => INCREASE CONTRAST BIODIVERSITY I BIOL1051 MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF MICROSCOPES

Microscopy. MICROSCOPY Light Electron Tunnelling Atomic Force RESOLVE: => INCREASE CONTRAST BIODIVERSITY I BIOL1051 MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF MICROSCOPES BIODIVERSITY I BIOL1051 Microscopy Professor Marc C. Lavoie marc.lavoie@cavehill.uwi.edu MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF MICROSCOPES MAGNIFY RESOLVE: => INCREASE CONTRAST Microscopy 1. Eyepieces 2. Diopter adjustment

More information

Fluorescence Microscopy for an NMR- Biosensor Project

Fluorescence Microscopy for an NMR- Biosensor Project Fluorescence Microscopy for an NMR- Biosensor Project Ole Hirsch Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Medical Optics Abbestr. -1, 10587 Berlin, Germany Overview NMR Sensor Project Dimensions in biological

More information

Page: 1 of 6 Page: 1 of 6

Page: 1 of 6 Page: 1 of 6 Page: 1 of 6 Page: 1 of 6 CR Basics and FAQ Overview Computed Radiography is a term used to describe a system that electronically records a radiographic image. Computed Radiographic systems use unique

More information

Scientific Exchange Program

Scientific Exchange Program Scientific Exchange Program Electrical characterization of photon detectors based on acoustic charge transport Dr. Paulo Santos, Paul Drude Institute, Berlin,Germany Dr. Pablo Diniz Batista, Brazilian

More information

Ionospheric Research with the LOFAR Telescope

Ionospheric Research with the LOFAR Telescope Ionospheric Research with the LOFAR Telescope Leszek P. Błaszkiewicz Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, UWM Olsztyn LOFAR - The LOw Frequency ARray The LOFAR interferometer consist of a large

More information

Lensless diffractive imaging using tabletop, coherent, high harmonic soft x- ray beams

Lensless diffractive imaging using tabletop, coherent, high harmonic soft x- ray beams Submitted to Physical Review Letters, April 2007 Lensless diffractive imaging using tabletop, coherent, high harmonic soft x- ray beams Richard L. Sandberg, Ariel Paul, Daisy Raymondson, Steffen Hädrich,

More information

Nondestructive Testing

Nondestructive Testing A BCC Research Report MFG016F Use this report to: Understand nondestructive testing (NDT) technology, its products, applications, and key end-user markets Learn why NDT continues to play a leading role

More information

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE: Given: A = 3 and B = 4 if we now want the value of C=? C = 3 + 4 = 9 + 16 = 25 or 2

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE: Given: A = 3 and B = 4 if we now want the value of C=? C = 3 + 4 = 9 + 16 = 25 or 2 Forensic Spectral Anaylysis: Warm up! The study of triangles has been done since ancient times. Many of the early discoveries about triangles are still used today. We will only be concerned with the "right

More information

College on Medical Physics. Digital Imaging Science and Technology to Enhance Healthcare in the Developing Countries

College on Medical Physics. Digital Imaging Science and Technology to Enhance Healthcare in the Developing Countries 2166-Handout College on Medical Physics. Digital Imaging Science and Technology to Enhance Healthcare in the Developing Countries 13 September - 1 October, 2010 Digital Radiography Image Parameters SNR,

More information

Recommended alignment procedure for Shaper 6_6 / Focal- Shaper 9

Recommended alignment procedure for Shaper 6_6 / Focal- Shaper 9 Recommended alignment procedure for Shaper 6_6 / Focal- Shaper 9 The described below procedure presents an example of alignment of beam shapers Shaper and Focal- Shaper (F- Shaper) with using the standard

More information

Masters in Photonics and Optoelectronic Devices

Masters in Photonics and Optoelectronic Devices Masters in Photonics and Optoelectronic Devices www.st-andrews.ac.uk/physics/msc The primary aim of this twelve-month, full-time is to provide specialist postgraduate training in modern optics and semiconductor

More information

PIPELINE LEAKAGE DETECTION USING FIBER-OPTIC DISTRIBUTED STRAIN AND TEMPERATURE SENSORS WHITE PAPER

PIPELINE LEAKAGE DETECTION USING FIBER-OPTIC DISTRIBUTED STRAIN AND TEMPERATURE SENSORS WHITE PAPER PIPELINE LEAKAGE DETECTION USING FIBER-OPTIC DISTRIBUTED STRAIN AND TEMPERATURE SENSORS WHITE PAPER Lufan Zou and Taha Landolsi OZ Optics Limited, 219 Westbrook Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K0A 1L0 E-mail:

More information

Surface plasmon nanophotonics: optics below the diffraction limit

Surface plasmon nanophotonics: optics below the diffraction limit Surface plasmon nanophotonics: optics below the diffraction limit Albert Polman Center for nanophotonics FOM-Institute AMOLF, Amsterdam Jeroen Kalkman Hans Mertens Joan Penninkhof Rene de Waele Teun van

More information

New Portable X-Ray Diffraction/X-Ray Fluorescence Instrument (XRD/XRF)

New Portable X-Ray Diffraction/X-Ray Fluorescence Instrument (XRD/XRF) 1 New Portable X-Ray Diffraction/X-Ray Fluorescence Instrument (XRD/XRF) Introduction The primary goal of most analyses of art objects is to identify the material composition of the object. This may lead

More information

Production of X-rays. Radiation Safety Training for Analytical X-Ray Devices Module 9

Production of X-rays. Radiation Safety Training for Analytical X-Ray Devices Module 9 Module 9 This module presents information on what X-rays are and how they are produced. Introduction Module 9, Page 2 X-rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation. Other types of electromagnetic radiation

More information

Synthetic Sensing: Proximity / Distance Sensors

Synthetic Sensing: Proximity / Distance Sensors Synthetic Sensing: Proximity / Distance Sensors MediaRobotics Lab, February 2010 Proximity detection is dependent on the object of interest. One size does not fit all For non-contact distance measurement,

More information

PUMPED Nd:YAG LASER. Last Revision: August 21, 2007

PUMPED Nd:YAG LASER. Last Revision: August 21, 2007 PUMPED Nd:YAG LASER Last Revision: August 21, 2007 QUESTION TO BE INVESTIGATED: How can an efficient atomic transition laser be constructed and characterized? INTRODUCTION: This lab exercise will allow

More information

COLLEGE ON MEDICAL PHYSICS

COLLEGE ON MEDICAL PHYSICS COLLEGE ON MEDICAL PHYSICS (30 August - 22 September 2004) Miramare - Trieste, Italy Directors: A. Benini, P. Sprawls and S. Tabakov Local Organizer: L. Bertocchi FINAL PROGRAMME (all lectures were held

More information

APPLICATION OF X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN SILICON SOLAR CELLS

APPLICATION OF X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN SILICON SOLAR CELLS APPLICATION OF X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN SILICON SOLAR CELLS V.A. Popovich 1, W. Verwaal 2, M. Janssen 1, I. J. Bennett 3, I.M.Richardson 1, 1. Delft University of Technology, Department of Materials

More information

Jorge E. Fernández Laboratory of Montecuccolino (DIENCA), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, via dei Colli, 16, 40136 Bologna, Italy

Jorge E. Fernández Laboratory of Montecuccolino (DIENCA), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, via dei Colli, 16, 40136 Bologna, Italy Information technology (IT) for teaching X- and gamma-ray transport: the computer codes MUPLOT and SHAPE, and the web site dedicated to photon transport Jorge E. Fernández Laboratory of Montecuccolino

More information

Study of the Human Eye Working Principle: An impressive high angular resolution system with simple array detectors

Study of the Human Eye Working Principle: An impressive high angular resolution system with simple array detectors Study of the Human Eye Working Principle: An impressive high angular resolution system with simple array detectors Diego Betancourt and Carlos del Río Antenna Group, Public University of Navarra, Campus

More information

School of Mathematics and Physics Performance Management Matrix Rolling 3-year targets 1. Experienced Lecturer/Senior Lecturer/Reader

School of Mathematics and Physics Performance Management Matrix Rolling 3-year targets 1. Experienced Lecturer/Senior Lecturer/Reader School of Mathematics and Physics Performance Management Matrix Rolling 3-year targets 1 Output measures per 3-year period Publications Lecturer (up to 3 years postprobation) 3 outputs per year (Physics

More information