Bollettino della Comunità Scientifica in Australasia. Ambasciata d Italia CANBERRA. Agosto 2006
|
|
- Vincent Howard
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Trieste - Melbourne cooperation in advanced imaging with synchrotron radiation Kaulich B.1, Kiskinova M.1, Mancini L.1, Menk R.H.1, Rigon L.1,2, Tuniz C.2, Tromba G.1, Wilkins S.W.3, Zanini F.1 The International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) in Trieste and Sincrotrone Trieste, together with the ARC Centre of Excellence in Coherent X-Ray Science based in Melbourne (involving Universities of Melbourne, Monash, Swinburne & La Trobe as well as the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, CSIRO), are establishing an International Consortium for Coherent Diffractive X-ray Imaging (I<CCDX>I) at ICTP. The Consortium will support and promote international cooperation in synergy to current ICTP programs, particularly those related to applied physics and condensed matter. It will focus on areas opening new frontiers of research in (1) Coherent diffractive imaging (CDI); (2) All methods of X-ray phase-contrast imaging and microscopy; (3) Related methods of tomography; (4) Full-field and related scanning X-ray microscopy (including soft X-ray); (5) 2D and 3D quantitative elemental mapping using X-ray fluorescence induced by a scanning micron size beam (μxrf); (6) Related fundamental physics aspects; (7) Related X-ray optics and instrument development such as detectors; (8) Associated software development and sharing; (9) Access to major imaging facilities and data processing facilities via remote access. Absorption contrast has been the principal X-ray imaging mode for over 100 years, and only recently has considerable progress been made in developing and implementing novel methods of X-ray imaging based on phase contrast, thanks to the high brightness and high level of coherence of 3rd generation synchrotron sources, the development of high performance microfocus sources and the development of novel x-ray detectors. Several phase-sensitive imaging approaches have been employed and tested in the last decades, such as differential phase and interference contrast, diffraction enhanced contrast, interferometric techniques, phase retrieval techniques etc. (Fitzgerald, 2000). Such techniques are expected to become greatly aided and expanded by the availability of X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs), also called 4th generation sources, in the near future. A simple case is afforded by the propagation-based phase-contrast imaging (PB-PCI), see Snigirev et al. 1995; Wilkins et al. 1996, and Cloetens et al If the source transverse spatial coherence is high enough, free-space propagation transforms the phase modulation of the transmitted beam into an amplitude modulation on the detector. According to the choice of the sample-to-detector distance d (typically ranging from a few centimeters up to a few meters) with respect to the size a of the feature to be identified, one may discriminate between two different regimes: the edge-detection regime (d << a2/λ, where λ is the X-ray wavelength) and the holography regime (d a2/λ) (Cloetens et al. 1997). The former enhances the edges of the sample, improving the image contrast and can benefit from application of phase retrieval techniques to give quantitative information (Nugent et al, 1996). Fig. 1 shows an example with a nylon air-bubble wrap imaged using; a) conventional (absorption-based) imaging and b) PB-PCI. In the holographic regime the edges are modulated so strongly that the image cannot be interpreted directly, but a precise map of the phase shift can be obtained by use of phase retrieval algorithms. Figure 1 Images of a nylon air bubble wrap in: a) conventional (absorption) X-ray imaging and b) phase contrast imaging, edge detection regime. The edge-enhancement in b) allows the visualization of details not visible in a). 12
2 So-called Diffraction Enhanced Imaging (DEI) or Analyzer-Based phase-contrast imaging (AB-PCI) is based on the use of a perfect crystal analyser crystal placed between the sample and the imaging detector (Ingal and Beliaevskaya 1995, Davis et al 1995, Chapman et al. 1997). The analyser acts as an angular filter, selectively accepting or rejecting the photons deviated in the sample at very small angles. Thus, in addition to X-ray absorption, also refraction and ultra-small angle scattering (which continuously evolves from refraction) may be exploited for imaging. Fig. 2 shows a set of three DEI images of a dandelion (taraxacum officinale). They were collected with three different analyzer settings, collecting mostly: a) very-small-angle scattering; b) refraction, and c) absorption and extinction (i.e. rejection of very small angle scattering) signal. Figure 2 Images of a dandelion (taraxacum officinale) collected with different analyzer settings (see text). Other phase contrast techniques applied for X-ray microscopy require special detectors and/or special tailoring optics (Kaulich et al. 2002; Wilhein et al. 2001; Di Fabrizio et al. 2003; Morrison et al. 1998). Fig. 3 shows one example of differential phase contrast. The images were taken with the TwinMic station at ELETTRA using a configured EMCCD camera, which allows simultaneous acquisition of brightfield images and a center of gravity differential phase contrast images (Kaulich et al. 2006). Figure 3: Marine planktonic diatom Coscinodiscus sp., encased in an intricately patterned pillbox-like skeleton of amorphous biosilicate. The ornate of the biosilicate shell consisting of a double hexagonal layer are observed. The brightfield image (left) and the differential phase contrast image (right) are acquired simultaneously. Photon energy: 718 ev. Dwell time per pixel: 80 ms. In X-ray computed micro-tomography (µ-ct) the sample is rotated in front of the detector, and several different projections are acquired. A 3D image is then reconstructed by back-projecting the profiles collected in this way with specific mathematical recipes. As for planar imaging, µ-ct can be performed both in absorption or phase-sensitive modality (in edge detection or in holography regime), depending on the sample-to-detector distance d. An example of phase sensitive µ-ct (edge detection regime) of polystyrene can be seen in figure 4. Of note is that both macro- and micro-structures are visualized, even if the absorption of polystyrene is negligible, due to edge enhancement. 13
3 Figure 4 Phase sensitive micro tomographic volume reconstructions of polystyrene foam, obtained at 10 kev, d=18 cm with a 14 micron pixel size. Left: reconstruction from 33 slices. Right: reconstruction from 199 slices. Moreover, three-dimensional elemental imaging can be obtained by combining microtomography with x-ray fluorescence induced by a scanning micron size beam (μxrf) (Tuniz et al. 1990). An example is given in figure 5, where the Uranium (U) and Plutonium (Pu) distributions in a hot particle are mapped. Figure 5 Example of 3D elemental imaging using XRF μct. (courtesy of D. Wegrzynek, A. Markowicz, E. Chinea-Cano, S. Bamford, M. Bogovac, Seibersdorf IAEA Laboratories). The main advantages of phase-sensitive X-ray imaging techniques are basically three : (i) new and improved contrast, (ii) the applied X-ray dose may be reduced dramatically, and (iii) the exposure time (and hence radiation damage) is less, because the phase shift cross-section dominates the absorption cross-section (Sayre et al. 1995). One exciting new area of activity in phase-sensitive X-ray imaging which is making rapid progress is that of Coherent Diffractive Imaging and which relies on the inversion of far-field (diffraction) data to obtain high spatial resolution structural information on non-periodic objects. The original idea and approach was due to Sayre (1980). More recently important new demonstrations of this technique have been obtained e.g. by Miao et al (1999), Shapiro et al (2005) and Quiney et al (2006). The technique of CDI offers the opportunity for very high spatial resolution structure determination of non-periodic objects, not limited by the need for 14
4 corresponding high resolution X-ray optics. A major goal of various consortia recently established around the world, including those linked to the I<CCDX>I is to push these techniques to molecular and ultimately atomic resolution. Key frontier challenges here are problems such as the determination of the structure of membrane proteins in their functional form in situ. Several areas of materials science, medicine, biology, environmental science, food science, geology, archaeology etc have already benefited from applying phase contrast imaging techniques. At ELETTRA, important results have been obtained studying shape memory alloys (Besseghini et al. 2004), highperformance sail fabrics (Tesei et al. 2005a), endodontic obturations (Contardo et al. 2005), oral implants (Tesei et al. 2005b), bone and cartilage in healthy and arthritic joints (Majumdar et al. 2004, Muehleman et al. 2004), mammography (Arfelli et al. 2000), anatomy and embryology of insects (Hönnicke et al. 2005), metal intake in plants (Kaiser et al. 2005), bread porous structure (Falcone et al. 2004), detection of microdiamonds in kimberlitic rocks (Schena et al. 2005), environmental marine and soil samples (Kaulich et al. 2006, Thieme et al. 2006), archaeological glasses (Gerlach et al. 2003) and other archeometric investigations (Zanini et al 2006). In mid-march 2006, the first clinical mammography studies using SR and involving phase-contrast were carried out at the SYRMEP beamline at ELETTRA. The ICCDXI aims at fostering international cooperation and understanding in the area, for instance promoting image processing software development, evaluation and sharing among members; supporting research into fundamental aspects of CDI and on advanced X-ray detectors and X-ray optics; pursuing funding opportunities in connection with consortium members who are eligible and wish to combine together on such proposals; running conferences, workshops and training courses. Moreover, the Consortium will especially promote and support opportunities for the involvement of people from developing countries, both via remote access to advanced X-ray imaging techniques and facilities, and supporting them for extended study visits at ICTP. Scientists from Developing Countries will also benefit through schools and courses in advanced imaging, including experimental activities at the ICTP Laboratory and at ELETTRA. In particular, India and Brazil are developing capabilities in advanced imaging with synchrotron radiation and, with the support of the proposed Consortium, could act as regional resource centres for less developed countries. An imaging beamline is also being planned for SESAME, the synchrotron facility being built in Jordan with the support of UNESCO and of the European Union. The second international meeting on this topic will be held in Trieste on May 20-22, focusing on the performance required from future imaging systems to solve critical problems in life and material sciences. New funding sources for this enterprise are being identified. References: Arfelli F. et al., Radiology, 215 (2000) Besseghini S. et al., Mat. Sci. Eng. A 378 (2004) 125 Chapman D. et al., Phys. Med. Biol. 42 (1997) Cloetens, P. Barrett, R. Baruchel, J. Guigay, J-P and Schlenker,M. J.Phys.D: Appl.Phys. 29, (1996). Cloetens P. et al., J. Appl. Phys. 81 (1997) Contardo L. et al., Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A 548 (2005) Davis T. J. et al., Nature 373 (1995) Di Fabrizio E. et al., Microelectron. Eng (2003) 87 Falcone P. M. et al., Journal of Food Science 69 (2004) FEP38-FEP43 Fitzgerald R., Phys. Today 53 (2000) Gerlach S. et al., Elettra Highlights (2003) Hönnicke M. G. Et al., Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A 548 (2005) Kaiser J. et al., European Physical Journal D 32 (2005) Kaulich B. et al., J. Opt. Soc. Am 19 (2002) Kaulich B. et al., IPAP Conf. Series (2006) in press Ingal V.N. and Beliaevskaya E. A., J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 28 (1995) Majumdar S. et al., Eur Radiol. 14 (2004) Miao, J. et al Nature 400 (1999) Morrison G. R. et al., in X-ray microscopy and spectromicroscopy, J. Thieme, G. Schmahl, D. Rudolph, and E. Umbach, eds. (Springer Verlag Berlin, 1998), pp. I-85-I-94 Muehleman C. et al., Osteoarthr. Cartilage, 12 (2004) Nugent, K.A. et al, Phys. Rev. Letts. 77, (1996) Quiney, H.M. et al Nature Physics, 2 (2006), Sayre, D. in Imaging Processes and Coherence in Physics (eds Schlenker, J. et al) (Springer, Berlin 1980). Sayre D. et al., Ultramicroscopy 2 (1995)
5 Schena G. et al., International Journal of Mineral Processing 75 (2005) Shapiro, D. et al (2005) Proc. Natl. Acad. sci. 102, Snigirev A. et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 66 (1995) Tesei L. et al., Advanced Engineering Materials 7 (2005a) Tesei L. et al., Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A 548 (2005b) Thieme J. et al., Syn. Rad. News, (2006) in press Tuniz C. et al., Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. B 50 (1990) Wilhein T. et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 78 (2001) 2082 Wilkins S. W. et al., Nature 384 (1996) Zanini F. et al., J. Neutron Res. (2006) in press Kaulich B. 1, Kiskinova M. 1, Mancini L. 1, Menk R.H. 1, Rigon L. 1,2,, Tuniz C. 2, Tromba G. 1, Wilkins S.W. 3, Zanini F Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy 2. The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy 3. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Melbourne, Australia Original manuscript in English 16
STAR: State of the art
i n v e s t i a m o n e l v o s t r o f u t u r o STAR: State of the art Raffaele G. Agostino PON MaTeRiA Materials and Technologies for Advanced Research MaTeRiA EU/National Funding PON Ricerca e Competititvità
More informationHigh-resolution bio-imaging with liquid-metal-jet x-ray sources
High-resolution bio-imaging with liquid-metal-jet x-ray sources Hans Hertz Dept. of Applied Physics Royal Inst. of Technol. (KTH), Stockholm KTH: Ulf Lundström, Daniel Larsson, Anna Burvall, Tunhe Zou,
More informationMicro-CT for SEM Non-destructive Measurement and Volume Visualization of Specimens Internal Microstructure in SEM Micro-CT Innovation with Integrity
Micro-CT for SEM Non-destructive Measurement and Volume Visualization of Specimens Internal Microstructure in SEM Innovation with Integrity Micro-CT 3D Microscopy Using Micro-CT for SEM Micro-CT for SEM
More information1936-50. Advanced School on Synchrotron and Free Electron Laser Sources and their Multidisciplinary Applications. 7-25 April 2008
1936-50 Advanced School on Synchrotron and Free Electron Laser Sources and their Multidisciplinary Applications 7-25 April 2008 Application of x-ray imaging in Medicine Giuliana Tromba Sincrotrone Trieste
More informationWir schaffen Wissen heute für morgen
Diffractive optics for photon beam diagnostics at hard XFELs Wir schaffen Wissen heute für morgen PSI: SLAC: ESRF: SOLEIL: APS: SACLA: EuroXFEL C. David, S. Rutishauser, P. Karvinen, Y. Kayser, U. Flechsig,
More informationContent. > How to ensure sustainability of RIs? > RIs generate knowledge > Socio-economic impact of RIs
Long-term Sustainability of Accelerator-Driven Research Infrastructures in the Knowledge- Based Economy. Dr. Ute Krell Seminar on Role of RIs for a Competitive Knowledge Economy Brussels, 30 June 2009
More informationI-Max Touch Range. PAN / CEPH / 3D digital panoramic unit. Evolutive 3 in 1 panoramic unit
I-Max Touch Range PAN / CEPH / 3D digital panoramic unit Evolutive 3 in 1 panoramic unit 3D A new dimension for a complete diagnosis I-Max Touch 3D Evolutive, simple, fast The panoramic unit realizes complete
More informationAcousto-optic modulator
1 of 3 Acousto-optic modulator F An acousto-optic modulator (AOM), also called a Bragg cell, uses the acousto-optic effect to diffract and shift the frequency of light using sound waves (usually at radio-frequency).
More information*rongchang.chen@ts.infn.it
Comparison of single distance phase retrieval algorithms by considering different object composition and the effect of statistical and structural noise R. C. Chen, 1,2,* L. Rigon, 2,3 and R. Longo 2,3
More informationNEAR FIELD OPTICAL MICROSCOPY AND SPECTROSCOPY WITH STM AND AFM PROBES
Vol. 93 (1997) A CTA PHYSICA POLONICA A No. 2 Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Scanning Probe Spectroscopy and Related Methods, Poznań 1997 NEAR FIELD OPTICAL MICROSCOPY AND SPECTROSCOPY
More informationTecniche di imaging con luce di sincrotrone per lo studio dei geomateriali: dalla radiografia alla tomografia computerizzata a 4 dimensioni
Tecniche di imaging con luce di sincrotrone per lo studio dei geomateriali: dalla radiografia alla tomografia computerizzata a 4 dimensioni Lucia MANCINI Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. 34149 Basovizza
More informationStatus of the FERMI@Elettra Free Electron Laser
Status of the FERMI@Elettra Free Electron Laser E. Allaria on behalf of the FERMI team Work partially supported by the Italian Ministry of University and Research under grants FIRB-RBAP045JF2 and FIRB-RBAP06AWK3
More informationPhysics 441/2: Transmission Electron Microscope
Physics 441/2: Transmission Electron Microscope Introduction In this experiment we will explore the use of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to take us into the world of ultrasmall structures. This
More informationBIG data big problems big opportunities Rudolf Dimper Head of Technical Infrastructure Division ESRF
BIG data big problems big opportunities Rudolf Dimper Head of Technical Infrastructure Division ESRF Slide: 1 ! 6 GeV, 850m circonference Storage Ring! 42 public and CRG beamlines! 6000+ user visits/y!
More information5. Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy 5.1. Resolution of conventional optical microscopy
5. Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy 5.1. Resolution of conventional optical microscopy Resolution of optical microscope is limited by diffraction. Light going through an aperture makes diffraction
More informationBasic principles and mechanisms of NSOM; Different scanning modes and systems of NSOM; General applications and advantages of NSOM.
Lecture 16: Near-field Scanning Optical Microscopy (NSOM) Background of NSOM; Basic principles and mechanisms of NSOM; Basic components of a NSOM; Different scanning modes and systems of NSOM; General
More informationDevelopment of Optical Wave Microphone Measuring Sound Waves with No Diaphragm
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium Proceedings, Taipei, March 5 8, 3 359 Development of Optical Wave Microphone Measuring Sound Waves with No Diaphragm Yoshito Sonoda, Takashi Samatsu, and
More informationPreface Light Microscopy X-ray Diffraction Methods
Preface xi 1 Light Microscopy 1 1.1 Optical Principles 1 1.1.1 Image Formation 1 1.1.2 Resolution 3 1.1.3 Depth of Field 5 1.1.4 Aberrations 6 1.2 Instrumentation 8 1.2.1 Illumination System 9 1.2.2 Objective
More informationScanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy for Measuring Materials Properties at the Nanoscale
Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy for Measuring Materials Properties at the Nanoscale Outline Background Research Design Detection of Near-Field Signal Submonolayer Chemical Sensitivity Conclusions
More informationScanning Electron Microscopy: an overview on application and perspective
Scanning Electron Microscopy: an overview on application and perspective Elvio Carlino Center for Electron Microscopy - IOM-CNR Laboratorio Nazionale TASC - Trieste, Italy Location of the Center for Electron
More informationScanning Near Field Optical Microscopy: Principle, Instrumentation and Applications
Scanning Near Field Optical Microscopy: Principle, Instrumentation and Applications Saulius Marcinkevičius Optics, ICT, KTH 1 Outline Optical near field. Principle of scanning near field optical microscope
More informationNeuro imaging: looking with lasers in the brain
Neuro imaging: looking with lasers in the brain Aim: To image life cells, label free, with cellular resolution in deep tissue Marloes Groot Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Faculteit Exacte Wetenschappen Natuurkunde
More informationConfocal μ-xrf for 3D analysis of elements distribution in hot environmental particles
LLNL-TR-400056 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY Confocal μ-xrf for 3D analysis of elements distribution in hot environmental particles M. Bielewski M. Eriksson J. Himbert R. Simon M. Betti T.F. Hamilton
More informationPhase-contrast X-ray imaging with synchrotron radiation for materials science applications
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 199 (2003) 427 435 www.elsevier.com/locate/nimb Phase-contrast X-ray imaging with synchrotron radiation for materials science applications A.W. Stevenson
More informationhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.906346
Stephanie Fullerton ; Keith Bennett ; Eiji Toda and Teruo Takahashi "Camera simulation engine enables efficient system optimization for super-resolution imaging", Proc. SPIE 8228, Single Molecule Spectroscopy
More informationNANOFLAM. Projet ANR Blanc 2011 BS0401001. Aide allouée: 337 000, durée 36+8 mois (fin : Mai 2015) Laboratoire H. Curien
Laboratoire H. Curien Centre de Physique Théorique F. Courvoisier R. Stoian & T. Itina A. Couairon NANOFLAM Projet ANR Blanc 2011 BS0401001 Contrôle de la filamentation et de la génération de plasma avec
More informationMaster Degree Program
SAINT PETERSBURG STATE ELECTROTECHNICAL UNIVERSITY LETI Laser Measurement and Navigation Systems department Master Degree Program ETU LETI TRADITIONS AND INNOVATIONS ETU LETI is the oldest Electrotechnical
More informationIt has long been a goal to achieve higher spatial resolution in optical imaging and
Nano-optical Imaging using Scattering Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopy Fehmi Yasin, Advisor: Dr. Markus Raschke, Post-doc: Dr. Gregory Andreev, Graduate Student: Benjamin Pollard Department of Physics,
More informationULTRAFAST LASERS: Free electron lasers thrive from synergy with ultrafast laser systems
Page 1 of 6 ULTRAFAST LASERS: Free electron lasers thrive from synergy with ultrafast laser systems Free electron lasers support unique time-resolved experiments over a wide range of x-ray wavelengths,
More informationApertureless Near-Field Optical Microscopy
VI Apertureless Near-Field Optical Microscopy In recent years, several types of apertureless near-field optical microscopes have been developed 1,2,3,4,5,6,7. In such instruments, light scattered from
More informationColor holographic 3D display unit with aperture field division
Color holographic 3D display unit with aperture field division Weronika Zaperty, Tomasz Kozacki, Malgorzata Kujawinska, Grzegorz Finke Photonics Engineering Division, Faculty of Mechatronics Warsaw University
More informationESRF Upgrade Phase II: le nuove opportunitá per le linee da magnete curvante
LUCI DI SINCROTRONE CNR, ROMA 22 APRILE 2014 ESRF Upgrade Phase II: le nuove opportunitá per le linee da magnete curvante Sakura Pascarelli sakura@esrf.fr Page 2 INCREASE IN BRILLIANCE H emittance V emittance
More informationNear-field scanning optical microscopy (SNOM)
Adviser: dr. Maja Remškar Institut Jožef Stefan January 2010 1 2 3 4 5 6 Fluorescence Raman and surface enhanced Raman 7 Conventional optical microscopy-limited resolution Two broad classes of techniques
More informationPreview of Period 3: Electromagnetic Waves Radiant Energy II
Preview of Period 3: Electromagnetic Waves Radiant Energy II 3.1 Radiant Energy from the Sun How is light reflected and transmitted? What is polarized light? 3.2 Energy Transfer with Radiant Energy How
More informationPhysical Properties and Functionalization of Low-Dimensional Materials
Physical Properties and Functionalization of Low-Dimensional Materials Physics Department, University of Trieste Graduate School of Physics, XXVI cycle Supervisor: Co-supervisor: Prof. Alessandro BARALDI
More informationTechnical Meeting on the Socio-Economic Benefits of Ion Beam Accelerators for Developing Member States
Technical Meeting on the Socio-Economic Benefits of Ion Beam Accelerators for Developing Member States Vienna, Austria 19 23 October 2015 Ref. No.: F1-TM-49620 Information Sheet A. Background Ion beam
More informationHolographically corrected microscope with a large working distance (as appears in Applied Optics, Vol. 37, No. 10, 1849-1853, 1 April 1998)
Holographically corrected microscope with a large working distance (as appears in Applied Optics, Vol. 37, No. 10, 1849-1853, 1 April 1998) Geoff Andersen and R. J. Knize Laser and Optics Research Center
More informationContents. X-ray and Computed Tomography. Characterization of X-rays. Production of X-rays
J. E. Wilhjelm Ørsted TU Technical University of enmark, Bldg. 348, K-2800 Kongens Lyngby, enmark. X-ray and Computed Tomography Contents History and characterization of X-rays Conventional (projection)
More informationHanover Center for Optical Technologies - HOT
Hanover Center for Optical Technologies - HOT apl. Prof. Dr. Bernhard Roth Bernhard.Roth@hot.uni-hannover.de www.hot.uni-hannover.de Hannover, November 18 th, 2014 Hannoversches Zentrum für Optische Technologien
More informationReprint (R22) Avoiding Errors in UV Radiation Measurements. By Thomas C. Larason July 2001. Reprinted from Photonics Spectra, Laurin Publishing
Reprint (R22) Avoiding Errors in UV Radiation Measurements By Thomas C. Larason July 2001 Reprinted from Photonics Spectra, Laurin Publishing Gooch & Housego 4632 36 th Street, Orlando, FL 32811 Tel: 1
More informationSILA Sistema Integrato di Laboratori per l Ambiente. CENTRE FOR MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS Scientific coordinator: Prof.ssa Rosanna De Rosa
CENTRE FOR MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS Scientific coordinator: Prof.ssa Rosanna De Rosa 0 The Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis (CM2) is an interdisciplinary service centre, a comprehensive suite
More informationCOMPARISON OF FOUR DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE FOR COMBINED X-RAY REFLECTIVITY AND GRAZING INCIDENCE X-RAY FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENTS
COMPARISON OF FOUR DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE FOR COMBINED X-RAY REFLECTIVITY AND GRAZING INCIDENCE X-RAY FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENTS Bérenger Caby (1), Fabio Brigidi (2), Dieter Ingerle (3), Blanka Detlefs
More informationPowder diffraction and synchrotron radiation
Powder diffraction and synchrotron radiation Gilberto Artioli Dip. Geoscienze UNIPD CIRCe Center for Cement Materials single xl diffraction powder diffraction Ideal powder Powder averaging Textured sample
More informationMODELING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MECHANICAL SYSTEM AND CONTROL OF A CT WITH LOW ENERGY PROTON BEAM
MODELING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MECHANICAL SYSTEM AND CONTROL OF A CT WITH LOW ENERGY PROTON BEAM João Antônio Palma Setti, j.setti@pucpr.br Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná / Rua Imaculada
More informationFast Z-stacking 3D Microscopy Extended Depth of Field Autofocus Z Depth Measurement 3D Surface Analysis
Cam CANIMPEX CPX-SOLUTIONS 3D Digital Microscope Camera FAST PRECISE AFFORDABLE 3D CAMERA FOR MICROSCOPY Fast Z-stacking 3D Microscopy Extended Depth of Field Autofocus Z Depth Measurement 3D Surface Analysis
More informationComputed Tomography Resolution Enhancement by Integrating High-Resolution 2D X-Ray Images into the CT reconstruction
Digital Industrial Radiology and Computed Tomography (DIR 2015) 22-25 June 2015, Belgium, Ghent - www.ndt.net/app.dir2015 More Info at Open Access Database www.ndt.net/?id=18046 Computed Tomography Resolution
More informationRealization of a UV fisheye hyperspectral camera
Realization of a UV fisheye hyperspectral camera Valentina Caricato, Andrea Egidi, Marco Pisani and Massimo Zucco, INRIM Outline Purpose of the instrument Required specs Hyperspectral technique Optical
More informationPolarization Dependence in X-ray Spectroscopy and Scattering. S P Collins et al Diamond Light Source UK
Polarization Dependence in X-ray Spectroscopy and Scattering S P Collins et al Diamond Light Source UK Overview of talk 1. Experimental techniques at Diamond: why we care about x-ray polarization 2. How
More informationSpectral distribution from end window X-ray tubes
Copyright (C) JCPDS-International Centre for Diffraction Data 1999 393 Spectral distribution from end window X-ray tubes N. Broll 1, P. de Chateaubourg 2 1 FORTEX - E.N.S.A.I.S. 24, bld de la Victoire,
More informationTime out states and transitions
Time out states and transitions Spectroscopy transitions between energy states of a molecule excited by absorption or emission of a photon hn = DE = E i - E f Energy levels due to interactions between
More informationTechnical Considerations Detecting Transparent Materials in Particle Analysis. Michael Horgan
Technical Considerations Detecting Transparent Materials in Particle Analysis Michael Horgan Who We Are Fluid Imaging Technology Manufacturers of the FlowCam series of particle analyzers FlowCam HQ location
More informationCASE STUDY LANDSLIDE MONITORING
Introduction Monitoring of terrain movements (unstable slopes, landslides, glaciers, ) is an increasingly important task for today s geotechnical people asked to prevent or forecast natural disaster that
More informationDesign and Fabrication of Diffractive Optical Elements
Design and Fabrication of Diffractive Optical Elements propagation From Refractive to diffractive Optics n = 1 - + i : Imaginary part of complex refractive index; : Incoming wavelength; Refractive Profile
More informationFiber Optic Tweezers and Optical Stretcher: biophotonic tools for single cell studies
Fiber Optic Tweezers and Optical Stretcher: biophotonic tools for single cell studies F. Bragheri, L. Ferrara, P. Minzioni, I. Cristiani Electronics Department, University of Pavia, Italy francesca.bragheri@unipv.it
More informationThis is an author-deposited version published in: http://sam.ensam.eu Handle ID:.http://hdl.handle.net/10985/10324
Science Arts & Métiers (SAM) is an open access repository that collects the work of Arts et Métiers ParisTech researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. This is an author-deposited
More informationDigital Remote Sensing Data Processing Digital Remote Sensing Data Processing and Analysis: An Introduction and Analysis: An Introduction
Digital Remote Sensing Data Processing Digital Remote Sensing Data Processing and Analysis: An Introduction and Analysis: An Introduction Content Remote sensing data Spatial, spectral, radiometric and
More informationTOF-PET DETECTOR CONCEPT BASED ON ORGANIC SCINTILLATORS
TOF-PET DETECTOR CONCEPT BASED ON ORGANIC SCINTILLATORS P. Moskal, T. Bednarski, P. Białas, M. Ciszewska, E. Czerwiński, A. Heczko, M. Kajetanowicz, Ł. Kapłon, A. Kochanowski, G. Konopka-Cupiał, G. Korcyl,
More informationCALCULATION METHODS OF X-RAY SPECTRA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
243 CALCULATION METHODS OF X-RAY SPECTRA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY B. Chyba, M. Mantler, H. Ebel, R. Svagera Technische Universit Vienna, Austria ABSTRACT The accurate characterization of the spectral distribution
More informationRecording the Instrument Response Function of a Multiphoton FLIM System
Recording the Instrument Response Function of a Multiphoton FLIM System Abstract. FLIM data analysis in presence of SHG signals or extremely fast decay components requires the correct instrument response
More informationInternational Year of Light 2015 Tech-Talks BREGENZ: Mehmet Arik Well-Being in Office Applications Light Measurement & Quality Parameters
www.led-professional.com ISSN 1993-890X Trends & Technologies for Future Lighting Solutions ReviewJan/Feb 2015 Issue LpR 47 International Year of Light 2015 Tech-Talks BREGENZ: Mehmet Arik Well-Being in
More informationArchimedes Palimpsest Metadata Standard XRF Extensions DRAFT
Archimedes Palimpsest Metadata Standard XRF Extensions DRAFT [These metadata extensions to the Archimedes Palimpsest Metadata Standard 1.0X are currently under review. Comments may be provided to Bob Morton
More informationRaman spectroscopy Lecture
Raman spectroscopy Lecture Licentiate course in measurement science and technology Spring 2008 10.04.2008 Antti Kivioja Contents - Introduction - What is Raman spectroscopy? - The theory of Raman spectroscopy
More informationDevelopment and Experimental Performance Evaluation of a Dose-Rate meter for Pulsed Beam.
5 th International Workshop on Radiation Safety at Synchrotron Radiation Sources Development and Experimental Performance Evaluation of a Dose-Rate meter for Pulsed Beam. A. Vascotto 1, K. Casarin 1, S.
More informationLectures about XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence)
1 / 38 Lectures about XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) Advanced Physics Laboratory Laurea Magistrale in Fisica year 2013 - Camerino 2 / 38 X-ray Fluorescence XRF is an acronym for X-Ray Fluorescence. The XRF technique
More informationA PHOTOGRAMMETRIC APPRAOCH FOR AUTOMATIC TRAFFIC ASSESSMENT USING CONVENTIONAL CCTV CAMERA
A PHOTOGRAMMETRIC APPRAOCH FOR AUTOMATIC TRAFFIC ASSESSMENT USING CONVENTIONAL CCTV CAMERA N. Zarrinpanjeh a, F. Dadrassjavan b, H. Fattahi c * a Islamic Azad University of Qazvin - nzarrin@qiau.ac.ir
More informationX-Rays and Magnetism From Fundamentals to Nanoscale Dynamics
X-Rays and Magnetism From Fundamentals to Nanoscale Dynamics Joachim Stöhr Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory X-rays have come a long way 1895 1993 10 cm 10 µm 100 nm Collaborators: SSRL Stanford:
More informationLaser-induced surface phonons and their excitation of nanostructures
CHINESE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS VOL. 49, NO. 1 FEBRUARY 2011 Laser-induced surface phonons and their excitation of nanostructures Markus Schmotz, 1, Dominik Gollmer, 1 Florian Habel, 1 Stephen Riedel, 1 and
More informationSpherical Beam Volume Holograms Recorded in Reflection Geometry for Diffuse Source Spectroscopy
Spherical Beam Volume Holograms Recorded in Reflection Geometry for Diffuse Source Spectroscopy Sundeep Jolly A Proposal Presented to the Academic Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for
More informationFundamentals of modern UV-visible spectroscopy. Presentation Materials
Fundamentals of modern UV-visible spectroscopy Presentation Materials The Electromagnetic Spectrum E = hν ν = c / λ 1 Electronic Transitions in Formaldehyde 2 Electronic Transitions and Spectra of Atoms
More informationNanoscience Course Descriptions
Nanoscience Course Descriptions NANO*1000 Introduction to Nanoscience This course introduces students to the emerging field of nanoscience. Its representation in popular culture and journalism will be
More informationPulsed laser deposition of organic materials
Pulsed laser deposition of organic materials PhD theses Gabriella Kecskeméti Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics University of Szeged Supervisor: Dr. Béla Hopp senior research fellow Department
More informationGuide to Understanding X-ray Crystallography
Guide to Understanding X-ray Crystallography What is X-ray Crystallography and why do I need to learn it? X-ray Crystallography is a scientific method of determining the precise positions/arrangements
More informationHow To Understand Light And Color
PRACTICE EXAM IV P202 SPRING 2004 1. In two separate double slit experiments, an interference pattern is observed on a screen. In the first experiment, violet light (λ = 754 nm) is used and a second-order
More informationON-STREAM XRF ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METALS AT PPM CONCENTRATIONS
Copyright JCPDS - International Centre for Diffraction Data 2004, Advances in X-ray Analysis, Volume 47. 130 ABSTRACT ON-STREAM XRF ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METALS AT PPM CONCENTRATIONS G Roach and J Tickner
More informationA Simple Fiber Optic displacement Sensor for Measurement of Light Intensity with the Displacement
A Simple Fiber Optic displacement Sensor for Measurement of Light Intensity with the Displacement Trilochan patra Assistant professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Techno India
More informationImaging techniques with refractive beam shaping optics
Imaging techniques with refractive beam shaping optics Alexander Laskin, Vadim Laskin AdlOptica GmbH, Rudower Chaussee 29, 12489 Berlin, Germany ABSTRACT Applying of the refractive beam shapers in real
More informationDose enhancement near metal electrodes in diamond X- ray detectors. A. Lohstroh*, and D. Alamoudi
Dose enhancement near metal electrodes in diamond X- ray detectors Acknowledgements Surrey University: P.J. Sellin M. Abd-El Rahman P. Veeramani H. Al-Barakaty F. Schirru Mechanical Workshop A. Lohstroh*,
More informationApplications of New, High Intensity X-Ray Optics - Normal and thin film diffraction using a parabolic, multilayer mirror
Applications of New, High Intensity X-Ray Optics - Normal and thin film diffraction using a parabolic, multilayer mirror Stephen B. Robie scintag, Inc. 10040 Bubb Road Cupertino, CA 95014 Abstract Corundum
More informationMicroscopy. MICROSCOPY Light Electron Tunnelling Atomic Force RESOLVE: => INCREASE CONTRAST BIODIVERSITY I BIOL1051 MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF MICROSCOPES
BIODIVERSITY I BIOL1051 Microscopy Professor Marc C. Lavoie marc.lavoie@cavehill.uwi.edu MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF MICROSCOPES MAGNIFY RESOLVE: => INCREASE CONTRAST Microscopy 1. Eyepieces 2. Diopter adjustment
More informationFluorescence Microscopy for an NMR- Biosensor Project
Fluorescence Microscopy for an NMR- Biosensor Project Ole Hirsch Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Medical Optics Abbestr. -1, 10587 Berlin, Germany Overview NMR Sensor Project Dimensions in biological
More informationPage: 1 of 6 Page: 1 of 6
Page: 1 of 6 Page: 1 of 6 CR Basics and FAQ Overview Computed Radiography is a term used to describe a system that electronically records a radiographic image. Computed Radiographic systems use unique
More informationScientific Exchange Program
Scientific Exchange Program Electrical characterization of photon detectors based on acoustic charge transport Dr. Paulo Santos, Paul Drude Institute, Berlin,Germany Dr. Pablo Diniz Batista, Brazilian
More informationIonospheric Research with the LOFAR Telescope
Ionospheric Research with the LOFAR Telescope Leszek P. Błaszkiewicz Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, UWM Olsztyn LOFAR - The LOw Frequency ARray The LOFAR interferometer consist of a large
More informationLensless diffractive imaging using tabletop, coherent, high harmonic soft x- ray beams
Submitted to Physical Review Letters, April 2007 Lensless diffractive imaging using tabletop, coherent, high harmonic soft x- ray beams Richard L. Sandberg, Ariel Paul, Daisy Raymondson, Steffen Hädrich,
More informationNondestructive Testing
A BCC Research Report MFG016F Use this report to: Understand nondestructive testing (NDT) technology, its products, applications, and key end-user markets Learn why NDT continues to play a leading role
More informationILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE: Given: A = 3 and B = 4 if we now want the value of C=? C = 3 + 4 = 9 + 16 = 25 or 2
Forensic Spectral Anaylysis: Warm up! The study of triangles has been done since ancient times. Many of the early discoveries about triangles are still used today. We will only be concerned with the "right
More informationCollege on Medical Physics. Digital Imaging Science and Technology to Enhance Healthcare in the Developing Countries
2166-Handout College on Medical Physics. Digital Imaging Science and Technology to Enhance Healthcare in the Developing Countries 13 September - 1 October, 2010 Digital Radiography Image Parameters SNR,
More informationRecommended alignment procedure for Shaper 6_6 / Focal- Shaper 9
Recommended alignment procedure for Shaper 6_6 / Focal- Shaper 9 The described below procedure presents an example of alignment of beam shapers Shaper and Focal- Shaper (F- Shaper) with using the standard
More informationMasters in Photonics and Optoelectronic Devices
Masters in Photonics and Optoelectronic Devices www.st-andrews.ac.uk/physics/msc The primary aim of this twelve-month, full-time is to provide specialist postgraduate training in modern optics and semiconductor
More informationPIPELINE LEAKAGE DETECTION USING FIBER-OPTIC DISTRIBUTED STRAIN AND TEMPERATURE SENSORS WHITE PAPER
PIPELINE LEAKAGE DETECTION USING FIBER-OPTIC DISTRIBUTED STRAIN AND TEMPERATURE SENSORS WHITE PAPER Lufan Zou and Taha Landolsi OZ Optics Limited, 219 Westbrook Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K0A 1L0 E-mail:
More informationSurface plasmon nanophotonics: optics below the diffraction limit
Surface plasmon nanophotonics: optics below the diffraction limit Albert Polman Center for nanophotonics FOM-Institute AMOLF, Amsterdam Jeroen Kalkman Hans Mertens Joan Penninkhof Rene de Waele Teun van
More informationNew Portable X-Ray Diffraction/X-Ray Fluorescence Instrument (XRD/XRF)
1 New Portable X-Ray Diffraction/X-Ray Fluorescence Instrument (XRD/XRF) Introduction The primary goal of most analyses of art objects is to identify the material composition of the object. This may lead
More informationProduction of X-rays. Radiation Safety Training for Analytical X-Ray Devices Module 9
Module 9 This module presents information on what X-rays are and how they are produced. Introduction Module 9, Page 2 X-rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation. Other types of electromagnetic radiation
More informationSynthetic Sensing: Proximity / Distance Sensors
Synthetic Sensing: Proximity / Distance Sensors MediaRobotics Lab, February 2010 Proximity detection is dependent on the object of interest. One size does not fit all For non-contact distance measurement,
More informationPUMPED Nd:YAG LASER. Last Revision: August 21, 2007
PUMPED Nd:YAG LASER Last Revision: August 21, 2007 QUESTION TO BE INVESTIGATED: How can an efficient atomic transition laser be constructed and characterized? INTRODUCTION: This lab exercise will allow
More informationCOLLEGE ON MEDICAL PHYSICS
COLLEGE ON MEDICAL PHYSICS (30 August - 22 September 2004) Miramare - Trieste, Italy Directors: A. Benini, P. Sprawls and S. Tabakov Local Organizer: L. Bertocchi FINAL PROGRAMME (all lectures were held
More informationAPPLICATION OF X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN SILICON SOLAR CELLS
APPLICATION OF X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN SILICON SOLAR CELLS V.A. Popovich 1, W. Verwaal 2, M. Janssen 1, I. J. Bennett 3, I.M.Richardson 1, 1. Delft University of Technology, Department of Materials
More informationJorge E. Fernández Laboratory of Montecuccolino (DIENCA), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, via dei Colli, 16, 40136 Bologna, Italy
Information technology (IT) for teaching X- and gamma-ray transport: the computer codes MUPLOT and SHAPE, and the web site dedicated to photon transport Jorge E. Fernández Laboratory of Montecuccolino
More informationStudy of the Human Eye Working Principle: An impressive high angular resolution system with simple array detectors
Study of the Human Eye Working Principle: An impressive high angular resolution system with simple array detectors Diego Betancourt and Carlos del Río Antenna Group, Public University of Navarra, Campus
More informationSchool of Mathematics and Physics Performance Management Matrix Rolling 3-year targets 1. Experienced Lecturer/Senior Lecturer/Reader
School of Mathematics and Physics Performance Management Matrix Rolling 3-year targets 1 Output measures per 3-year period Publications Lecturer (up to 3 years postprobation) 3 outputs per year (Physics
More information