Performances and Feasibility of mmwave Beamforming Prototype for 5G Cellular Communications

Transcription

1 erformances and Feasibility of mmwave Beamforming rototype for 5G Cellular Communications IEEE ICC 03 June, 03 Wonil Roh, h. D. Communications Research Team DMC R&D Center Samsung Electronics Corp.

2 CONTENTS. 5G Vision. 5G Key Enabling Technologies 3. mmwave Channel ropagation & Measurements. mmwave BF rototype & Algorithm 5. Summary

3 . 5G Vision 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team 3

4 5G Service Vision Wearable/Flexible Mobile Device Ubiquitous Health Care Mobile Cloud UHD Video Streaming Smart Map/Navigation Real Time Interactive Game 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team

5 5G Key erformance Targets roviding Gigabit Experience to Users Anywhere 5G erformances eak Data Rate > 50 Gbps Data Rate 50 Gbps ) 50 Times Faster than G QoE G Anywhere Gbps BS Locations Mbps ) Gbps) Gbps ) Kbps ) Mbps ) Year ) ) Theoretical eak Data Rate Data Rate of First Commercial roducts Latency < msec QoE 5G Cell Edge BS Locations 0 ms ms A Tenth of G Latency Uniform Experience Regardless of Location Latency 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team 5

6 . 5G Key Enabling Technologies 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team 6

7 5G Key Enabling Technologies (/) Disruptive Technologies for Significant erformance Enhancement mmwave System Tech. Adv. Small Cell Fixed Gbps Mobile 00 Mbps Fixed >50 Gbps Mobile 5 Gbps revious virtual cell No cell boundary G frequencies Frequency band New higher frequencies Updated user centric virtual cell Adv. Coding & Modulation Device to Devie (DD) Non orthogonal Multiple Access Time/Frequency/Space Orthogonal Multiple Access Time/Frequency/Space Filter bank Multi carrier Enhancing areal spectral efficiency 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team. 7

8 5G Key Enabling Technologies (/) Disruptive Technologies for Significant erformance Enhancement Enhanced Flat NW IWK/Integration w/ Wi Fi Adv. MIMO/BF Half wavelength Interference Management Large scale Multi antenna Interference alignment 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team. 8

9 3. mmwave Channel ropagation & Measurements 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team 9

10 Spectrum Candidates Candidates for Large Chunks of Contiguous Spectrum - 3.~ GHz, 8.~8.6 GHz, 7~9.5 GHz, 38~39.5 GHz, etc. Higher Frequency Candidates ITU EESS FSS RL MS FS FSS MS FS FSS MS FS FSS Current Usage US: LMDS, FSS EU: Fixed link, FSS earth sta. China: Mobile, FSS Korea : Marine time use Current Usage US: Fixed system EU: Fixed link Korea : None MOBILE rimary No MOBILE EESS (Earth Exploration Satellite Serivce) FSS (Fixed Satellite Service) RL (RadioLocation service), MS (Mobile Service) FS (Fixed Servce) (oint to oint) LMDS (Local Multipoint Distribution Services) 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team. 0

11 Friis Equation in Free Space (/3) Isotropic Tx & Rx Antennas ath loss is roportional to Frequency Squared RX G G RX = for Isotropic R Comparison Example R Aperture Size c f ath loss Spherical Area R ath loss (db) g ( c : speed of light ) Distance (m) f = 800 MHz f =.8 GHz f = 8 GHz Isotropic Tx Aperture Size for Isotropic Rx GHz Aperture Size for Isotropic Rx GHz.8 GHz 8 GHz RX Aperture Size 9.35 cm 0.09 cm ath loss (R=m). db 6. db 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team.

12 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team Isotropic Tx but Rx Array Antennas Friis Equation in Free Space (/3) Same Size of Rx Aperture Captures Same Rx ower Regardless Frequency Comparison Example. R A R A R G R G G e,rx e,rx RX RX RX Same Aperture Size for Both.8 & 8 GHz A e G = for Isotropic.8 GHz 8 GHz RX Aperture Size 9.35 cm 9.35 cm RX ower RX RX Isotropic Tx

13 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team 3 Friis Equation in Free Space (3/3) Array Antennas for Both Tx & Rx Rx ower is Even Bigger in Higher Frequency with Array Antennas for Both Tx & Rx Comparison Example..8 GHz 8 GHz RX ower RX RX + 0 db Array Antennas A e G R c f A A R G G e,rx e, RX RX R A A R A A R G G e,rx e, e,rx e, RX ( c : speed of light )

14 Atmospheric Absorption Loss Atmospheric Loss due to HO & O at 8 GHz is Negligible Atmospheric Absorption H O 8 GHz is about 0.09 db/km (=0.08 db/00 m) O 8 GHz is about 0.0 db/km (=0.00 db/00 m) [Specific Attenuation due to Oxygen and Water Vapor ] [Conditions ] [Ref.] M. Marcus and B. attan. Millimeter wave propagation: spectrum management implications. IEEE Microwave Magazine, June Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team.

15 Rain Attenuation Rain Attenuation at 8GHz is Approx. db at 00 m even in 0 mm/hr Intensity recipitation 00 year recurrence hour rain intensity is approx. 0 mm/hr (Seoul, Korea) 00 year recurrence hour rain intensity is approx. 70 ~ 7 mm/hr (US Eastern) 00 Year Recurrence hour Rain Intensity (US Eastern) New York : mm/hr Washington : 76. mm/hr Florida : 7 mm/hr [Attenuation due to Rain] [Ref.] line_reports/ [Ref.] M. Marcus and B. attan. Millimeter wave propagation: spectrum management implications. IEEE Microwave Magazine, June Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team 5

16 Foliage Loss Loss in Dense Foliage Is Non Negligible, But Other aths Are Expected in Urban Environments Foliage Loss 8 GHz shows additional 3.3 db loss for m foliage and 8.6 db for 0 m foliage compared to.8ghz In urban environments, other reflection paths are highly expected from surroundings Empirical relationship for loss : L 0. 0 foliage f D db where f : frequency in MHz, D : depth of foliage transverse in meters (D < 00 m) [Ref.] M. Marcus and B. attan. Millimeter wave propagation: spectrum management implications. IEEE Microwave Magazine, June Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team. 6

17 Chassis / Hand / ower Absorption Effect of Chassis/Hand/Head Could Be Compensated with Beamsteering Array High Frequency Beamforming Reduces ower enetration/absorption through Skin Chassis / Hand-held Effect Chassis/hand impact on gain and pattern Bare CB ackage ower Absorption Low penetration and absorption due to high frequency beamforming.9 GHz Omni-Antenna w/o head w/ head Various antenna locations and BF patterns can overcome these effects enetration depth = 0~5 mm, Average = 0.9, MAX = mw/g 8 GHz Beamforming Broadside Beamforming Endfire Beamforming enetration depth = 3 mm, Average = 0.5, MAX = 90 mw/g enetration depth = 3 mm, Average = 0.06, MAX =. mw/g 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team 7

18 Indoor ropagation Beamforming Significantly Improves Indoor Coverage at 8 GHz. GHz Omni-directional 8 GHz Omni-directional Door Door 00dBm 0dBm RX RX 8 GHz Beamforming (Gain: 5 dbi) 80 Door 360 RX (Gain: 5 dbi) 00dBm 0dBm 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team 8

19 Channel Measurement Sub Urban Similar ath loss Exponent & Smaller Delay Spread Measured (w.r.t current cellular bands) - Measurements were made by using horn type antennas at 8 GHz and 38 GHz in 0 Samsung Campus, Korea LOS NLOS ath Loss Exponent RMS Median.0 3. Delay Spread [ns] 99% UT Austin Campus, US LOS NLOS ath Loss Exponent. 3.8 RMS Median Delay Spread [ns] 99% Tx (0 o ) Rx (60 o ) 8 GHz University of Texas at Austin, Tx (7.8 o ) 37.6 GHz Rx (9 o ) Received power [dbm] [Received ower] Received power for 0->60 LOS n=., s=.8db NLOS-best n=3.69, s=3.58db NLOS-all n=.0, s=7.38db [Received ower] Distance [m] 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team * Reference : rof. Ted Rappaport, UT Austin, 0 9

20 Channel Measurement Dense Urban Slightly Higher But Comparable ath Loss Measured in New York City in 0 New York, Manhattan, US LOS NLOS ath Loss Exponent Delay Spread [ns] Expected to be larger than the previous, But to be still smaller than current bands Tx (0 o ) Rx (0 o ) 8GHz [New York, Manhattan NY University] [ath Loss] * Reference : rof. Ted Rappaport, NYU, 0 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team 0

21 . mmwave BF rototype & Algorithm 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team

22 mmwave BF rototype Overview World s First mmwave Mobile Technology - Adaptive array transceiver technology operating in the millimeter wave frequency bands for outdoor cellular mmwave BF rototype Carrier Frequency Bandwidth Max. Tx ower Beam width (Half ower) 7.95 GHz 500 MHz 37 dbm 0 o Base Station 8x8 (=6) Antenna Elements Mobile Station 66 mm 66 mm Array Antenna Downlink Tx Uplink Tx mm 5 mm Array Antenna Baseband Modem RF + Array Antenna DM (Diagnostic Monitor ) RF + Array Antenna Baseband Modem 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team

23 Test Results of mmwave BF rototype erformance Tests of mmwave OFDM rototype - OFDM system parameters designed for mmwave bands - Indoor & outdoor measurements performed for data rates and transmission ranges System arameters & Test Results ARAMETER VALUE ARAMETER VALUE REMARKS Carrier Frequency Bandwidth 7.95 GHz 500 MHz Supported Data Rates,056Mbps 58Mbps 6Mbps Duplexing TDD Max Tx Range Up to LoS >0 db Tx power headroom Array Antenna Size 8x8 (6 elements) 8x (3 elements) Beam-width (Half ower) 0 o Channel Coding LDC Modulation QSK / 6QAM Full-HD Video Streaming Test Measurements with DM 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team 3

24 Test Results Range Outdoor Line of Sight (LoS) Range Test - Error free communications possible at.7 Km LoS with > 0dB Tx power headroom - encil BF both at transmitter and receiver supporting long range communications LoS Range Support wide range LoS coverage 6 QAM (58Mbps) : BLER 0 6 QSK (6Mbps) : Error Free Suwon Campus, Korea Base - 70m LOS 측정 자료로 Station 수정 예정.7 km Mobile Station BLER : Block Error Rate QSK : Quadrature hase Shift Keying QAM : Quadrature Amplitude Modulation 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team

25 Test Results Mobility Outdoor Non Line of Sight (NLoS) Mobility Tests - Fast Joint Beamforming & Tracking Supports 8 km/h Mobility even in NLOS Mobility Support in NLoS Mobility support up to 8 Km/h at outdoor NLoS environments 6 QAM (58Mbps) : BLER 0~0.5% QSK (6Mbps) : Error Free Base Station Mobile Station [ DM Screen during Mobility Test] 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team 5

26 Test Results Building enetration Most Signals Successfully Received at Indoor MS from Outdoor BS - Outdoor to indoor penetration made through tinted glasses and doors Outdoor to Indoor # Signal measured inside office on 7 th FL of R - QSK : BLER ~0.6% (Target : < BLER 0%) Outdoor to Indoor # Signal measured inside the lobby at R - QSK : BLER ~0.3% (Target : < BLER 0%) R MS MS R 60 m R BS R BS 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team 6

27 Hybrid BF Architecture Hybrid use of Analog Beamforming and Digital recoding - Analog Beamforming : To overcome higher path loss with beamforming gain - Digital recoding : To optimize capacity using various MIMO techniques High performance with Low complexity for mmwave Systems Hybrid Beamforming Architecture Massive Array Antennas Large Array Beamforming Gain Array Weighting with hase Shifters Adaptive Analog Beam Steering Multiple RF Chains Linking Array Antennas Adaptive MIMO/BF recoding 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team 7

28 Hybrid BF Link level Analysis Hybrid Beamforming Offers A Good Compromise between All Digital and All Analog - erformance improvement through digital MIMO precoding on selected multiple analog beams, approaching full digital performance Link erformance Analysis Analog BF: Focusing BF gain to the single dominant channel path Digital BF : Matching dispersive channel paths with full flexibility up to the number of antennas Hybrid BF: Focusing BF gains to a few dominant channel paths by combining multiple analog beams with limited RF chains Hybrid BF Tx : 8 elements/antenna, RF chains Rx: elements/antenna, RF chain Digital BF Tx: 6 elements ( RF chain/element) Rx: elements ( RF chain/element) Digital BF Hybrid BF Analog BF Fig.: Instantaneous beam patterns for a given dispersive channel Fig.: Link performance comparison 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team 8

29 Summary Samsung s 5G Goal Is to Maximize Operator & User Benefits by Order of magnitude improvements in system capacity leading to significant cost/bit reduction Uniform high data rate (Gbps) experience anywhere Support of cost efficient wireless backhaul for network scalability mmwave BF Technology as a Viable Solution to rovide Gbps Experience romising mmwave channel measurement data obtained and modeling to follow Encouraging results of outdoor coverage and indoor penetration tests shown Real time adaptive beamforming and tracking implemented to show mobility support Advanced hybrid BF algorithms to further enhance performances More measurement tests, improvements on power/spectral efficiency to ensue 03 Samsung DMC R&D Communications Research Team 9