Introduction to SKOS. Bob DuCharme October 6, 2011

Transcription

1 Introduction to SKOS Bob DuCharme October 6, 2011

2 Introductions Presentation and all its URLs: Me: Solutions Architect at TopQuadrant; formerly XML, SGML guy at RIA, Moody s, LexisNexis, Innodata Isogen Weblog: Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 2

3 Also available Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 3

4 Simple Knowledge Organization System SKOS: the W3C s OWL ontology for creating thesauruses, taxonomies, and controlled vocabularies. Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 4

5 Terminology Controlled vocabulary Taxonomy Thesaurus Ontology Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 5

6 Controlled vocabularies yes no Mr. Ms. Mrs. Miss Dr. AL AK AR CA CO CT... WI WY Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 6

7 Terminology Controlled vocabulary Taxonomy Thesaurus Ontology Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 7

8 Taxonomies Mammal Horse Cat Dog metadata! Bulldog Collie Above: subset-of relationship. Alternatives: part-of, instance-of. Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 8

9 Taxonomies: business value Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 9

10 Taxonomies: business value Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 10

11 Terminology Controlled vocabulary Taxonomy Thesaurus Ontology Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 11

12 Thesaurus Mammal Horse Cat Dog (use for: mutt, cur) Bulldog Collie Related term Building Residential Commercial Doghouse House Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 12

13 Terminology Controlled vocabulary Taxonomy Thesaurus Ontology Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 13

14 Ontology Define terms and structures And relationships: Requires, contraindicates Classes of things to keep track of, potential properties they might have OWL: W3C RDF-based standard for specifying ontologies Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 14

15 Simple Knowledge Organization System Controlled vocabulary Taxonomy Thesaurus Ontology SKOS: the W3C s OWL ontology for creating thesauri, taxonomies, and controlled vocabularies. Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 15

16 Managing terms? gato cat mammal dog perro chien mutt chucho bulldog dachshund Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 16

17 No, managing concepts preferred label (English): mammal preferred label (English): cat Preferred label (Spanish): gato preferred label (English): "dog" preferred label (Spanish): "perro" preferred label (French): "chien" alternative label (English): "mutt" alternative label (Spanish): "chucho" preferred label (English): bulldog preferred label (English): dachshund Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 17

18 More metadata for concepts Standardized Definition Related concepts History note More Unstandardized Whatever you want! Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 18

19 More metadata: example preferred label (English): "dog" preferred label (Spanish): "perro" preferred label (French): "chien" alternative label (English): "mutt" alternative label (Spanish): "chucho " history note: "Edited by Jack on 5/4/11 " related term: product: Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 19

20 AGROVOC Who is using SKOS? New York Times: People, Organizations, Locations, Subject Descriptors Library of Congress subject headers AGFA drug admin. forms NASA: many categories Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 20

21 Other taxonomy standards ANSI/NISO Z Guidelines for the Construction, Format, and Management of Monolingual Controlled Vocabularies ISO 2788:1986 Guidelines for the Establishment and Development of Monolingual Thesauri ISO 5964:1985 Guidelines for the Establishment and Development of Multilingual Thesauri ISO (combines 2788 and 5964) Zthes MADS/RDF ( Metadata Authority Description Schema in RDF ) Library of Congress Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 21

22 What is SKOS-XL? preferred label (English): "dog" preferred label (Spanish): "perro" preferred label (French): "chien" alternative label (English): "mutt" alternative label (Spanish): "chucho" history note: "Edited by Jack on 5/4/11 " Date of last edit? Who edited it? related term: product: Concept Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 22

23 SKOS-XL: SKOS Extension for Labels preferred label: preferred label: alternative label: history note: "Edited by Jack on 5/4/11 " related term: product: Concept literal form: "dog" (English) Label literal form: "chucho" (Spanish) last edited: " " editor: " Mary Jones" Label Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 23

24 Your own metadata preferred label (English): "dog" preferred label (Spanish): "perro" preferred label (French): "chien" alternative label (English): "mutt" alternative label (Spanish): "chucho " history note: "Edited by Jack on 5/4/11 " related term: product: foo code: 5L-MN1-003 Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 24

25 Some SKOS using Turtle skos: myco: < < skos:preflabel ; skos:preflabel ; skos:preflabel ; skos:altlabel ; skos:altlabel ; skos:historynote "Edited by Jack on 5/4/11" ; skos:related < ; myco:product < ; myco:foocode "5L-MN1-003". Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 25

26 Networked vocabularies: why Centralized master vocabulary system? Ad hoc, distributed, disconnected Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 26

27 Enterprise Vocabulary Management: dream vs. reality When I use a word, it means just what I choose it to mean neither more nor less. - Humpty Dumpty in Lewis Carroll s Through the Looking Glass Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 27

28 Enterprise Vocabulary Management: dream vs. reality Customer Customer Repair Department Marketing Department Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 28

29 Enterprise Vocabulary Management: dream vs. reality Customer? Customer Repair Department Marketing Department Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 29

30 Networking distributed vocabularies preferred label: " customer " broader term: Concept preferred label: customer Concept Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 30

31 Networking distributed vocabularies preferred label: " customer " broader term: Concept preferred label: customer Concept Repairs department and marketing department vocabularies can be stored in the same datastore on the same server or different datastores on different servers stored with different products. Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 31

32 SKOS tools TopQuadrant's Enterprise Vocabulary Net (EVN) PoolParty SKOSed Protégé plugin iqvoc TemaTres Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 32

33 Other semweb tech to use Data conversion tools Ontology editors SPARQL Query, update, transform SPARQL Rules Linked Data OWL Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 33

34 SPARQL Rules and AGROVOC SKOS spec lists six rules not implemented by ontology e.g. same term can t be preferred and alternative term in the same language Expressed with SPARQL Rules Violated by AGROVOC over 1600 times e.g. Slovak word for Buds ( púèiky ) Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 34

35 Getting started Look at existing SKOS thesauri Small pilot project or projects. Existing thesaurus editor vendor SKOS support? Free tools, commercial tools, trial software Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 35

36 SKOS Advantages Good multi-language support Extensible Scalable Commercial and open source tools available RDF basis: more tools Traction Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 36

37 TopBraid EVN Built-in and custom rules Intuitive graphical user interface Multi-user support Editing and review of multiple working copies Controlled role-based access Change tracking Support of all relevant W3C standards Import/Export and web services integration Easy extensibility of features Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 37

38 Questions? A wonderful harmony is created when we join together the seemingly unconnected. - Heraclitus [email protected] [email protected] Copyright TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 38