DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION SIZING AND COST MODELING PROCESSOR MEMORY STORAGE NETWORK

Transcription

1 DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION SIZING AND COST MODELING PROCESSOR MEMORY STORAGE NETWORK

2 INTRODUCTION Session Format PHYSICAL DESIGN LOGICAL DESIGN Memory Sizing Processor Sizing Network (User Bandwidth) Storage Sizing Capacity Performance ConnecJon Broker Sizing Building Block Design Model Fixed Cost per User Model 2

3 MEMORY SIZING OperaJng System OperaJng System AllocaJons Windows XP 768MB 1,024MB Windows 7 1,536MB 2,048MB Transparent Page Sharing at 30-40% (XP) ASLR/MC Savings at 10% (W7) Disable ASLR with Support ImplicaJons Enhanced MiJgaJon Experience Toolkit Microsob KB /30/12 Copyright 2012 Data Strategy, LLC. All Rights Reserved. 3

4 MEMORY SIZING OperaJng System OpJmizaJons OperaJng System OpJmizaJons Windows Pagefile 150% of Guest RAM AllocaJon Pagefile ReducJons Impact ApplicaJon Performance Recommend Disposable Disks 2X RAM Disable HibernaJon File (100% Allocated RAM) 4

5 MEMORY SIZING Impact on Storage Growth & Performance Virtual Desktop Virtual Machine Swap File (Unreserved PorJon of RAM) Virtual Machine Suspend File (.vmss) RAM ReservaJon set to non- zero value Memory Ballooning in vsphere 4.1 & vsphere 5.0 VMware KB

6 MEMORY SIZING PCoIP MulJ- Monitor Overhead ResoluJon Pixel Width Pixel Height 1 Monitor Overhead 2 Monitor Overhead 4 Monitor Overhead VGA MB 4.69MB 9.38MB SVGA MB 7.32MB 14.65MB 720p MB 14.65MB 28.13MB UXGA MB 29.30MB 58.59MB 1080p MB 31.64MB 63.28MB WUXGA MB 35.16MB 70.31MB QXGA MB 48.00MB 96.00MB WQXGA MB 62.50MB MB 6

7 MEMORY SIZING Host Overhead for Memory Management VM Memory (MB) 1 VCPU 2 VCPUs 4 VCPUs 6 VCPUs 8 VCPUs

8 MEMORY SIZING Host Design CalculaJons Sample CalculaJons for Windows 7 (Dual Monitor with Aero) 1600 x 1200 Display ResoluJon, Single vcpu, 2GB Memory AllocaJon Item Desktop Desktops Subtotal Running Requirement per Host Total Memory per Desktop 2,048. MB ,144 MB 256 GB 3D Overhead/Desktop 0,128. MB ,384 MB 272 GB PCoIP Display Overhead 0 32 MB ,096 MB 276 GB Memory Mgt Overhead 138 MB ,664 MB GB Host Hypervisor Memory 001,024 MB GB Minimum per Host Memory Requirement for 128: GB 8

9 MEMORY SIZING Cluster Design CalculaJons Sample CalculaJons for 8 Node Cluster (1,024 Desktops 128:1 RaJo) Memory per Host GB Required Cluster Memory 2,354 GB (host allocajon x cluster nodes) Failure Tolerance 1 Node ( GB) Surviving Nodes 7 Hosts HA CALCULATION 2,354GB / 7 Hosts = GB per Host for HA ConsideraJons MEMORY COMPRESSION Memory Compression Assumed at 10% 334,356.6 MB *.9 = 309,920.9 MB (302.7 GB) per Host aber MC DIMM POPULATION Assuming no less than 8GB DIMMs due to slot constraints 303GB / 8GB DIMMs = (38) (Rounded to nearest even muljple of 8) 38 * 8 = 304GB Minimum Physical Memory per Host Note that Channel Balancing would require rounding to 40 or intermixing of DIMMs as cost effecyveness allows 9

10 PROCESSOR SIZING Common Design QuesJons To calculate desktops per core based on physical cores or logical cores (hyper- threading)? Single or Dual vcpus for my Desktops? 32- Bit or 64- Bit for my Guest OS? IT DEPENDS IT DEPENDS IT DEPENDS How much host overhead should I plan for? IT DEPENDS 10

11 PROCESSOR SIZING Desktop per Core RaJos vsphere 4.1 Windows XP Desktops/Core 1 vcpu Windows Desktops/Core 1 vcpu vsphere 5 Windows XP Desktops/Core 1 vcpu Windows Desktops/Core 1 vcpu 11

12 NETWORK SIZING Display Protocol Parameters Display Protocol Choices: Microsob RDP & Teradici PCoIP Typically Latency will impact user experience before BW Microsob RDP Requirements Teradici PCoIP Requirements 128K BW Minimum <125ms Average Latency 100K BW Minimum <400ms Average Latency RDP isn t typically feasible with latency greater than 150ms PCoIP Handles Latency Increases with Interlacing (Non- disrupjve degradajon) 12

13 NETWORK SIZING PCoIP Performance Tuning All through Group Policy ADM Templates C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware View\Server\Extra\GroupPolicyFiles\ Disabling Build To Lossless (BTL) Provides Significant ReducJons Perceptually Lossless, Works across all View Clients Enabling Client Side Caching avoids retransmits Windows only, Not Mac, Linux, Zero, or Mobile Devices Increase Image Cache Size to 300MB if possible on device Set PCoIP Maximum Frame Rate (Registry Key on Parent Image) Default is 30fps, Human Eye can see 60fps, used 12fps for 3G Cellular REG_DWORD, Numerical value between 1-60, Must create key in: HKLM\SOFTWARE\Policies\Teradici\PCOIP\pcoip_admin\ pcoip,maximum_frame_rate 13

14 NETWORK SIZING PCoIP Performance Tuning Maximum PCoIP Session Bandwidth Kbps Setng, Default is 1Gbps, 0 is no constraints, set to 896Kbps for 3G PCoIP Session Bandwidth Floor Kbps Setng, EssenJally a reservajon of bandwidth, 0 is no reservajon PCoIP Image Quality Levels Maximum IniJal Image Quality, Percentage Setng, Default 90 Higher Requires more Bandwidth during Screen Changes Used a setng of 45 for 3G Cellular (CDMA) Minimum Image Quality Trade between higher frame rate for smooth mojon (lower value) or beuer image quality but choppy mojon (higher value) Used a setng of 40 for 3G Cellular (CDMA) 14

15 STORAGE SIZING Anatomy of a Virtual Desktop Master Image Administrator s gold desktop No Virtual Desktop access Snapshots AdministraJve Revisions Most clients typically maintain 4 snaps No Virtual Desktop access Replicas (read only) Duplicated on each LUN with Linked Clones or Linked Clone Snapshot of replica Swap File Unreserved RAM Usage heavy on HA evt Disposable Disk Pagefile redirects User Data Disk Typically avoided Redirected, so each Linked Clone LUN reads to a replica on a separate dedicated LUN (SSD) Suspend File Heavy Write/Read if used 15

16 STORAGE PERFORMANCE SIZING IOPS ConsideraJons First ThinApp Repository Master Image 80% of I/O is Read- Thru (READ ONLY) Profile Repository Windows 7 24 IOPS per VM Windows XP 16 IOPS per VM Replica Linked Clones 20% of I/O is Predominately Delta Writes & Some Read I/O 16

17 STORAGE CAPACITY SIZING IOPS & Datastore Topology Example of 1,024 Windows 7 virtual desktops 24 IOPS per desktop with a 80/20 read through distribujon 1,024 desktops * 24 IOPS per desktop = 24,576 IOPS If no solid state drives are used (redirected replicas) then: 15,000 RPM Spindles = 180 IOPS 24,576 / 180 = 137 Spindles required for performance Not encompassing RAID parity losses or hot spare requirements 10,000 RPM Spindles = 130 IOPS 24,576 / 130 = 190 Spindles required for performance Not encompassing RAID parity losses or hot spare requirements 17

18 STORAGE CAPACITY SIZING IOPS & Datastore Topology Example of 1,024 Windows 7 virtual desktops 24 IOPS per desktop with a 80/20 read through distribujon 1,024 desktops * 24 IOPS per desktop = 24,576 IOPS If solid state drives are used (redirected replicas) then: 80% of anjcipated I/O is read only and redirected to replica 24,576 *.80 = 19,661 IOPS Enterprise SSD provided a minimum of 2,500 IOPS per spindle 19,661 / 2,500 = 8 SSD required for Replica performance Not encompassing RAID parity losses or hot spare requirements 20% of anjcipated I/O is predominately write with random reads 24,576 *.20 = 4,915 IOPS Using 15,000 RPM Spindles at 180 IOPS per spindle 4,915 / 180 = 28 spindles required for Linked Clone performance Not encompassing RAID parity losses or hot spare requirements 18

19 STORAGE CAPACITY SIZING IOPS & Datastore Topology Non Redirected Replica 15,000 RPM Spindles Non Redirected Replica 15,000 RPM Spindles Redirected Replica Enterprise Solid State 137 Drives Minimum To support 1024 desktops $1,500 / drive = $205, Drives Minimum To support 1024 desktops $1,200 / drive = $228,000 8 Solid State Drives 28 RotaJonal 15K Drives To support 1024 desktops $5,000 / SDD & $1,500 / 15K Drive = $82,000 Product Management List Price Average across 4 Storage Manufacturers 19

20 STORAGE CAPACITY SIZING Windows 7 Example Pool Based on 1,024 Concurrent Desktops 15% Headroom per Datastore for swap usage, file system upgrades, logs, etc. Pool Parent Snaps Replica Windows 7 24GB 4 Snaps at 6GB Each 48GB Linked Clones 6GB Each UDD DD TA Profiles N/A 4GB per Desktop CIFS Varies CIFS 2GB/User 96GB Consumed 111GB Needed 6,144GB 7,066GB N/A 4,096GB 4,711GB Varies Varies SSD High Performance Reqs Low Capacity Reqs 111 GB 19,661 IOPS 8 Spindles Performance, 2 Spindles Capacity RotaJonal 600GB Drives Low Performance Reqs 545GB Usable High Capacity Reqs Min 11,777 GB (11.5TB) 5,000 IOPS 28 Spindles Performance, 22 Spindles Capacity 20

21 CONNECTION BROKER ARCHITECTURE 21

22 BUILDING BLOCK MODEL 22

23 VIRTUAL DESKTOP COST MODELING 1,800 Desktop Investment Schedule Year One 600 Users Year Two 600 Users Year Three 600 Users Cumulative Total Percent Server Hardware $137,820 $106,400 $106,400 $350,620 24% Storage Array $172,390 $132,500 $132,500 $437,390 30% Software Licensing $204,970 $204,970 $204,970 $614,910 42% Professional Services $56,000 $0 $0 $56,000 4% Yearly Total: $571,180 $443,870 $443,870 $1,458,920 Cost per User: $952 $740 $740 $811 Switching (Network) Investments & End User Devices Would Increase Costs 23

24 DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION SIZING AND COST MODELING PROCESSOR MEMORY STORAGE NETWORK Brandon Sanders End User CompuJng strategy.com 24