2015 Annual Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Report for the Durham York Energy Centre

Transcription

1 2015 Annual Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Report for the Durham York Energy Centre Durham York Energy Centre Prepared for: The Regional Municipality of Durham 605 Rossland Rd Whitby, ON L1N 6A3 Prepared by: Stantec Consulting Ltd. 300W-675 Cochrane Dr. Markham, ON L3R 0B8 Project No.:

2 Sign-off Sheet This document entitled 2015 Annual Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Report for the Durham York Energy Centre was prepared by Stantec Consulting Ltd. for the account of The Regional Municipality of Durham. The material in it reflects Stantec s best judgment in light of the information available to it at the time of preparation. Any use which a third party makes of this report, or any reliance on or decisions made based on it, are the responsibilities of such third parties. Stantec Consulting Ltd. accepts no responsibility for damages, if any, suffered by any third party as a result of decisions made or actions based on this report. Prepared by (signature) Timothy Hung, B.A.Sc. Reviewed by (signature) Gregory Crooks M.Eng., P.Eng. V:\01609\Active\ \planning\report\final\2015\2015 Annual\ _rpt_ Ann2015_Final_2016_05_13.docx Project No.: i

3 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... V ABBREVIATIONS... VII 1.0 INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES LOCATIONS OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS KEY COMPONENTS ASSESSED METEOROLOGY AIR QUALITY CONTAMINANTS OF CONCERN Nitrogen Oxides (NOX) Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Particulate Matter Smaller than 2.5 Microns (PM2.5) Dioxins and Furans AIR QUALITY CRITERIA INSTRUMENTATION AND OPERATIONS SUMMARY INSTRUMENTATION MONITORING STATION VISITS AND REGULAR MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES DATA ACQUISITION/ARCHIVING INSTRUMENTATION CALIBRATION MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE MONITOR PERFORMANCE AND SITE AUDIT INSTRUMENTATION ISSUES DATA RECOVERY RATES SUMMARY OF AMBIENT MEASUREMENTS METEOROLOGICAL DATA CAC AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MEASUREMENTS Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Nitrogen Oxides (NOX) Particulate Matter Smaller than 2.5 Microns (PM2.5) AMBIENT AIR QUALITY TRENDS CRITERIA AIR CONTAMINANT (CAC) COMPARISONS DIOXIN AND FURAN COMPARISONS CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES Project No.: ii

4 LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1 Summary of Meteorological Parameters Measured at Each Station Table 2-2 Summary of Air Quality Criteria for CACs Table 2-3 Summary of Air Quality Criteria for D/Fs Table 3-1 Summary of Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitors Table 3-2 Summary of Non-Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitors Table 3-3 Summary of Meteorological Equipment Table 3-4 Summary of Data Recovery Rates for the Courtice WPCP Station (Upwind) 2015 Monitoring Period Table 3-5 Summary of Data Recovery Rates for the Rundle Road Station (Downwind) 2015 Monitoring Period Table 4-1 Summary of Hourly Meteorological Measurements 2015 Monitoring Period Table 4-2 Summary of Ambient CAC Monitoring Data Monitoring Period Table 4-3 Preliminary Comparison of Ambient PM2.5 Levels to the CAAQS Using 2014 and 2015 Measurement Data Table 5-1 Comparison of Measured Ambient CAC Concentrations ( ) Table 5-2 Comparison of Maximum Measured Dioxin and Furan Concentrations ( ) LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1 Durham York Energy Centre Site Location Plan Figure 1-2 Locations of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations Figure 1-3 View of the Rundle Road Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station Figure 1-4 View of the Courtice WPCP Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station Figure 4-1 Wind Roses for the 2015 Monitoring Period (Jan-Dec 2015) Figure 4-2 Comparison of NO2 / NOX and SO2 Ambient Monitoring Data to Applicable Criteria 2015 Monitoring Period Figure 4-3 Pollution Roses of Measured Hourly Average SO2 Concentrations 2015 Monitoring Period Figure 4-4 Pollution Roses of Measured Hourly Average NO2 Concentrations 2015 Monitoring Period Figure 4-5 Pollution Roses of Measured Hourly Average NOX Concentrations 2015 Monitoring Period Figure 4-6 Pollution Roses of Measured 24-Hour Average PM2.5 Concentrations 2015 Monitoring Period Project No.: iii

5 LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX A APPENDIX B APPENDIX C APPENDIX D APPENDIX E APPENDIX F EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE, CALIBRATION SCHEDULE AND SUMMARY OF EQUIPMENT ISSUES... A.1 SO2 PLOTS... B.1 NO2 PLOTS... C.1 NOX PLOTS... D.1 PM2.5 PLOT... E.1 DIOXINS AND FURANS DATA SUMMARY... F.1 Project No.: iv

6 Executive Summary The Regional Municipalities of Durham and York are constructing and commissioning the Durham York Energy Centre (DYEC) which is an Energy-from-Waste (EFW) Facility intended to provide a long-term, sustainable solution to manage municipal solid waste remaining after diversion from the Regions. The Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Plan - Durham York Residual Waste Study (Stantec, May 8, 2012), was developed based on the Regional Council s mandate to provide ambient air quality monitoring in the area of the DYEC for a three year period. An ambient air quality monitoring and reporting program was also a requirement laid out in the Provincial Minister s Notice of Approval to Proceed with the Undertaking, detailed in Condition 11 of the Notice of Approval (MOECC, 2010). The air monitoring plan was also developed to satisfy the conditions of the Environmental Compliance Approval and the environmental mitigation and commitments set out in the Environmental Assessment (Jacques Whitford, 2009). The predominantly downwind station is located along Rundle Road, south of Baseline Road. The predominantly upwind station is sited at the Courtice Water Pollution Control Plant (WPCP). Concentrations of the following air contaminants were measured at the two stations: Continuously monitored o Sulphur Dioxide (SO2); o Nitrogen Oxides (NOX); and, o Particulate Matter smaller than 2.5 microns (PM2.5). Non-Continuously monitored o Metals in Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) matter; o Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs); and, o Dioxins and Furans. Operation of the non-continuous monitors was temporarily discontinued on June 28, 2014 as per Section 1.2 of the Ambient Monitoring Plan (Stantec, 2012). The facility commenced commissioning on February 13, 2015 and was being commissioned throughout the rest of As per the Ambient Monitoring Plan, collection of continuous parameters only during the commissioning was conducted. When the EFW facility is fully operational, monitoring of noncontinuous parameters will resume (as specified in the Ambient Monitoring Plan). Meteorological data is also measured at the two stations. The predominantly downwind Rundle Road station measures horizontal wind speed, wind direction, atmospheric temperature, relative humidity and rainfall. The predominantly upwind Courtice station measures atmospheric temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and barometric pressure. Wind speed and wind direction data at the predominantly upwind location are available from the Courtice Water Pollution Control Plant. Project No.: v

7 The Ministry of Environment and Climate Change (MOECC) requires that annual reports be issued for the measurements conducted in each calendar year. This annual report provides a summary of the ambient air quality data collected at the two stations for the period January to December The 2015 monitoring primarily collected air quality levels during the period when the DYEC was being commissioned. The following observations and conclusions were made from a review of the measured ambient air quality monitoring data: 1. Measured concentrations of NO2, SO2 and PM2.5 were below the applicable O.Reg. 419/05 criteria or human health risk assessment (HHRA) health-based standards presented in Table 2-2 of this report for hourly, 24-hour and annual averaging periods. 2. The 98th percentiles of the measured daily average PM2.5 levels during the 2015 monitoring period were 27.3 μg/m 3 at the Courtice WPCP station and 28.4 μg/m 3 at the Rundle Road station. As detailed below, these values for the 98th percentile should not be used for comparison against the Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard. 3. The 24-hour and annual PM2.5 Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS) criteria both require a 3-calendar year average for comparison, with the data considered valid if an annual 98th percentile value is available for at least two of the three calendar years. Using the measured PM2.5 data at each station for calendar years 2014 and 2015, average annual 98th percentile daily average and annual average PM2.5 levels were calculated and a preliminary comparison to their CAAQS criteria was made. The ambient PM2.5 levels were below their respective CAAQS standards at both stations for this preliminary comparison. 4. TSP/ metals, and PAHs were not measured in 2015 as per Section 1.2 of the Ambient Monitoring Plan (Stantec, 2012); 5. Dioxins and furans sampling was resumed on October 21, 2015 (during commissioning of the facility) for the DYEC as requested by the Region of Durham. This additional sampling was not part of the Ambient Monitoring Plan and was conducted at 12-day intervals for the rest of The maximum toxic equivalent dioxin and furan concentration measured over this period was well below the applicable criteria presented in Table 2-3; and 6. In summary, the measured concentrations of the air contaminants monitored were below their applicable MOECC criteria during the 2015 monitoring period. Further, the measured levels of the monitored contaminants were below their applicable HHRA health-based standards. Project No.: vi

8 Abbreviations AAQC CAC D/Fs DYEC EFW MOECC SO2 NOX O3 PAH Particulate PCB PCDD/PCDF PM PM2.5 TEQ TEQs TSP WPCP Elements Cd Hg Pb Al As Be Cr Cu Mn Ni Ag Tl Ambient Air Quality Criteria Criteria Air Contaminants Dioxins and Furans Durham York Energy Centre Energy from Waste Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change Sulphur Dioxide Nitrogen Oxides Ozone Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons A particle of a solid or liquid that is suspended in air. Polychlorinated biphenyl Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans Particulate Matter Particulate Matter smaller than 2.5 microns Toxic equivalent quotient Toxic Equivalents Total Suspended Particulate Water Pollution Control Plant Cadmium Mercury Lead Aluminum Arsenic Beryllium Chromium Copper Manganese Nickel Silver Thallium Project No.: vii

9 Sn Tin V Vanadium Zn Zinc Miscellaneous C temperature in degrees Celsius N/A not available % percent ppm part per million ppb part per billion ppt part per trillion min minimum max maximum µg/m 3 microgram per cubic metre Project No.: viii

10 Introduction 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The Regional Municipalities of Durham and York are constructing and commissioning the Durham York Energy Centre (DYEC) which is an Energy-from-Waste (EFW) Facility intended to provide a long-term, sustainable solution to manage municipal solid waste remaining after diversion from the Regions. The facility commenced commissioning on February 13, 2015 and was being commissioned throughout the rest of The site location of the DYEC is shown in Figure 1-1 below. A monitoring plan, Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Plan - Durham York Residual Waste Study (Stantec, 2012), was developed based on the Regional Council s mandate to provide ambient air quality monitoring in the area of the DYEC for a three year period. The purposes of the ambient air quality monitoring program are to: 1. Quantify any measureable ground level concentrations resulting from emissions from the DYEC cumulative to local air quality, including validating the predicted concentrations from the dispersion modelling conducted in the Environmental Assessment (Jacques Whitford, 2009); 2. Monitor concentration levels of EFW-related air contaminants in nearby residential areas; and, 3. Quantify background ambient levels of air contaminants in the area. Two monitoring stations in the vicinity of the DYEC were set up in April 2013 by Stantec Consulting Ltd. (Stantec) and Stantec s equipment sub-consultant for this project, Valley Environmental Services Inc. (Valley Environmental). Since May 2013, concentrations have been measured at the two stations for the following air contaminants: Continuously monitored o Sulphur Dioxide (SO2); o Nitrogen Oxides (NOX); and, o Particulate Matter smaller than 2.5 microns (PM2.5). Non-Continuously monitored o Metals in Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) matter; o Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs); and, o Dioxins and Furans. Project No.:

11 Introduction Quarterly reports presenting the ambient air quality data collected at these two stations for 2015 were prepared by Stantec and submitted to the Region. This Annual Report summarizes the results of the ambient air monitoring from January to December Operation of the non-continuous monitors was temporarily discontinued from June 28, 2014 onwards as per Section 1.2 of the Ambient Monitoring Plan (Stantec, 2012). The facility commenced commissioning on February 13, 2015 and was being commissioned throughout the rest of As per the Ambient Monitoring Plan, collection of continuous parameters only during the commissioning was conducted. When the EFW facility is fully operational, monitoring of non-continuous parameters will resume (as specified in the Ambient Monitoring Plan). At the request of the Region of Durham, dioxin/furan (D/F) sampling was resumed for the Durham York Energy Centre (DYEC) on October 21, 2015 (during commissioning of the facility). This additional sampling is outside the scope of the Ambient Monitoring Plan (Stantec, 2012). The sampling was conducted at 12-day intervals corresponding with the Ontario MOECC provincewide ambient sampling schedule between October 21, 2015 and the end of the year. Results of the additional D/F sampling conducted in 2015 are presented in this report. 1.2 LOCATIONS OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS The selection of sites for the monitoring stations was done in consultation with the Ontario Ministry of Environment and Climate Change (MOECC) and Durham/York representatives based on the results of air quality modelling done in support of the environmental assessment for the project, the locations of nearby sensitive receptors, and general MOECC siting criteria. Two monitoring stations (one predominantly downwind and one predominantly upwind) were chosen for the ambient air quality program. The final locations of the monitoring stations were influenced by the availability of electrical power, accessibility of each location, and security. Details of the siting requirements are presented in the Monitoring Plan. The selected predominantly downwind location is sited northeast of the DYEC in the vicinity of residential receptors downwind of the DYEC in this direction, and falls in the area where maximum annual concentrations are predicted to occur. The downwind station is located along Rundle Road, south of Baseline Road. Its location is shown in Figure 1-2. All the air contaminants listed in Section 1.1 and meteorological data are measured at the monitoring station. This station is referred to as the Rundle Road Station. The predominantly upwind station is sited at the Courtice Water Pollution Control Plant (WPCP), located to the southwest of the DYEC in order to measure background air quality in the predominantly upwind direction. The location is presented in Figure 1-2. The air contaminants presented in Section 1.1, as well as meteorological data are measured at this station, with the exception of wind speed and wind direction, which are measured by and available from the Courtice Water Pollution Control Plant. Project No.:

12 Introduction A third fence line station located at the east property line of the DYEC, which will measure metals and total particulate matter was installed in April The station was not operated in 2015, as sampling is required only upon commencement of full operation of the DYEC, but the facility remained in the commissioning phase until the end of the year. The fence line station will run for a one-year period upon commencement of full operation of the DYEC. Photographs of the Rundle Road and Courtice WPCP ambient air quality monitoring stations are shown in Figures 1-3 and 1-4 respectively. Project No.:

13 V:\01609\Active\ \planning\drawing\MXD\Atmospheric\ _Atm_Fig1-1_Site_Loc.mxd Revised: By: searles Prestonvale Road Robinson Creek Bloor Street Trulls Road Courtice Road Darlington Park Road Tooley Cree k Hancock Road REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY OF DURHAM Darlington Creek Solina Road Baseline Road Highway 401 South Service Road Rundle Road Holt Road Maple Grove Road Millburn Green Road D rive s Road Symo n ± Down Road Osborne Road Lake Ontario (lac Ontario) m 1:30, October Legend Client/Project Durham York Energy Centre Site Railway Road Georgian Bay The Region of Durham Durham York Energy Centre Notes 1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 UTM Zone 17N 2. Base features produced under license with the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Queen's Printer for Ontario, Highway Watercourse Waterbody Wooded Area Toronto Lake Ontario Site Location Figure No. 1-1 Title Site Location Plan Lake Erie KEY MAP

14 V:\01609\Active\ \planning\drawing\MXD\Atmospheric\ _Atm_Fig1-2_Ambient_Monitor_Loc.mxd Revised: By: searles Prestonvale Road Robin son Creek Bloor Street Trulls Road Courtice Road Darlington Park Road Down Road T ooley C reek Hancock Road Highway 401 Courtice WPCP (Upwind) #0 Osborne Solina Road REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY OF DURHAM Baseline Road South Service Road Road Rundle Road Rundle Road (Downwind) #0 Holt Road Maple Grove Road Darlington Creek Millburn Green Road D rive s Road Symo n ± Lake Ontario (lac Ontario) m 1:30, October Notes 1. Coordinate System: NAD 1983 UTM Zone 17N 2. Base features produced under license with the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Queen's Printer for Ontario, Legend #0 Station Location Durham York Energy Centre Site Railway Road Highway Watercourse Waterbody Wooded Area Client/Project The Region of Durham Durham York Energy Centre Figure No. 1-2 Title Locations of Ambient Monitoring Stations

15 Introduction Figure 1-3 View of the Rundle Road Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station Figure 1-4 View of the Courtice WPCP Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station Project No.:

16 Key Components Assessed 2.0 KEY COMPONENTS ASSESSED 2.1 METEOROLOGY Meteorological parameters are measured at the Rundle Road and Courtice WPCP monitoring stations, as shown in Table 2-1. Table 2-1 Summary of Meteorological Parameters Measured at Each Station Courtice WPCP (Upwind) Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station Wind Speed and 20-m height Rundle Road (Downwind) Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station Wind Speed and height Ambient 2-m Ambient 2-m Relative Humidity Rainfall Barometric Pressure Relative Humidity Rainfall 2.2 AIR QUALITY CONTAMINANTS OF CONCERN The ambient air quality monitoring program for the DYEC includes the following contaminants specified in the Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Plan (Stantec 2012): Continuously monitored criteria air contaminants (CACs) o Sulphur Dioxide (SO2); o Nitrogen Oxides (NOX); and, o Particulate Matter smaller than 2.5 microns (PM2.5). Non-Continuously monitored o Metals in Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) matter; o Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs); and, o Dioxins and Furans. The facility commenced commissioning on February 13, 2015 and was being commissioned throughout the rest of Operation of the non-continuous monitors was temporarily discontinued from June 28, 2014 (after completion of the background air quality data collection period) onwards through the rest of construction and commissioning, as per Section 1.2 of the Ambient Monitoring Plan (Stantec, 2012). When the EFW facility is fully operational, monitoring of non-continuous parameters will resume (as specified in the Ambient Monitoring Plan). As per Section 1.2 of the Ambient Monitoring Plan (Stantec, 2012), monitoring of only the continuous parameters was required during the commissioning period. Project No.:

17 Key Components Assessed At the request of the Region of Durham, dioxin/furan sampling was resumed from October 21, 2015 to January 25, 2016, however this additional sampling was outside the scope of the Ambient Monitoring Plan (Stantec, 2012). The following air contaminants were not measured during 2015: Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) matter and metals; and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Nitrogen Oxides (NOX) Nitrogen oxides (NOX) are produced in most combustion processes, and are almost entirely made up of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Together, they are often referred to as NOX. NO2 is an orange to reddish gas that is corrosive with an irritating odour. Most NO2 in the atmosphere is formed by the oxidation of NO, which is emitted directly by combustion processes, particularly those at high temperature and pressure. NO is a colourless gas. The levels of NO and NO2, and the ratio of the two gases, together with the presence of hydrocarbons and sunlight, are the most important factors in the formation of ground-level ozone (O3). Further oxidation and combination with water in the atmosphere forms what is known as acid rain. Nitrogen oxides are emitted from a variety of combustion sources including vehicles, industrial heaters and boilers, and residential gas-fired furnaces and hot water boilers. Generally for combustion, 5 to 10% of the initial total emissions of NOX are NO2 with the remaining 90-95% being NO. The conversion of the majority of NO occurs after release to the atmosphere. The rate of conversion depends on the oxidizing potential of the atmosphere at the time of release. For example, if the ambient concentration of O3 is high at the time of release, the conversion might be expected to be higher than if the ambient concentration of O3 was low at that time Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Sulphur dioxide (SO2) is a colourless gas with a distinctive pungent sulphur odour. It is produced in combustion processes by the oxidation of sulphur in the fuel. The presence of SO2 can, at high enough concentrations, cause damage to vegetation and health effects to animals through their respiratory system. The SO2 can also be further oxidized and combines with water to form the sulphuric acid component of acid rain. Sulphur dioxide is emitted mainly from industrial sources utilizing coal, coke or oil fired heaters and boilers Particulate Matter Smaller than 2.5 Microns (PM2.5) Total suspended particulate matter (TSP) is a measure of the particles in the atmosphere that are too small to settle out quickly, but remain suspended for significant periods of time. Generally, this means particles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 44 μm. TSP is produced by a variety of emissions sources including wind erosion of agricultural fields and other open areas, Project No.:

18 Key Components Assessed abrasion of vehicle tires on paved and unpaved roads, agricultural activities, and combustion processes (e.g., industrial boilers and heaters, power generation, vehicle emissions). Although total suspended particulate matter is an excellent measure of the loading of particulate matter in the air, it does not necessarily reflect the health risks of the particulate matter. The larger aerodynamic particles (PM10) are trapped by the upper airways, and do not enter the lungs. Smaller diameter particles (PM2.5) can make their way deep into the lungs, and may become lodged there. Over the past few years, greater concern with regard to these fine particles has led to research resulting in new sampling methods and criteria Dioxins and Furans Dioxins and furans refer to a family of toxic substances that all share a similar chemical structure. Dioxins and furans all contain chlorine and can occur in different configurations, called congeners. Most dioxins and furans are not produced intentionally, but are created when other chemicals or products are manufactured. Of all of the dioxins and furans, one cogener 2,3,7,8- tetrachloro-p-dibenzo-dioxin (2,3,7,8 Tetra CDD) is considered the most toxic. International toxicity equivalency factors (I-TEFs) are applied to 17 dioxin and furan isomers to convert them into an equivalent 2,3,7,8 Tetra CDD concentration (I-TEQ) for comparison to ambient air quality criteria. Concentrations of the following dioxins and furans are measured: Dioxins and furans: 2,3,7,8-Tetra CDD 1,2,3,7,8-Penta CDD 1,2,3,4,7,8-Hexa CDD 1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexa CDD 1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexa CDD 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Hepta CDD Octa CDD Total Tetra CDD Total Penta CDD Total Hexa CDD Total Hepta CDD 2,3,7,8-Tetra CDF 1,2,3,7,8-Penta CDF 2,3,4,7,8-Penta CDF 1,2,3,4,7,8-Hexa CDF 1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexa CDF 2,3,4,6,7,8-Hexa CDF 1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexa CDF 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Hepta CDF 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-Hepta CDF Octa CDF Total Tetra CDF Total Penta CDF Total Hexa CDF Total Hepta CDF Total toxic equivalency (I-TEQ) 2.3 AIR QUALITY CRITERIA Two sets of ambient air quality standards were used for comparison to the air quality data as specified in the Ambient Air Monitoring Plan (Stantec, 2012). The first set of standards is the limits as reported in O.Reg.419/05 (Schedules 3 and 6). These are compliance based standards used throughout the province of Ontario. However, not all chemicals have O.Reg.419/05 criteria, and in some instances updated health-based standards were used in the human health risk Project No.:

19 Key Components Assessed assessment (HHRA) that was conducted in support of the Environmental Assessment (July 31, December 10, 2009). These health-based values, which were reported in Table 7-2 (Summary of Inhalation TRVs and Inhalation Benchmarks Selected for CACs) and Table 7-3 (Inhalation TRVs and Inhalation Benchmarks for Selected COPCs) of the HHRA (Stantec, 2009) were used as the second set of standards. The previously applicable 24-hour Canada-Wide Standard (CWS) for PM2.5 of 30 µg/m 3 (98 th percentile averaged over 3 consecutive years) has been superseded by the new Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard (CAAQS) of 28 µg/m 3 (98 th percentile averaged over 3 consecutive years) as noted in Table 2-2. The proposed CAAQS 24-hour objective for 2020 is 27 µg/m 3. A summary of the relevant ambient air quality criteria is presented in Tables 2-2 and 2-3. Table 2-2 Summary of Air Quality Criteria for CACs O. Reg 419/05 Schedule 3/AAQC HHRA Health-Based Standards Contaminant CAS 1-Hour (µg/m 3 ) 24-Hour (µg/m 3 ) Annual (µg/m 3 ) 1-Hour (µg/m 3 ) 24-Hour (µg/m 3 ) Annual (µg/m 3 ) Sulphur dioxide Nitrogen oxides A Contaminant CAS Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS) 1-Hour (µg/m 3 ) 24-Hour (µg/m 3 ) Annual (µg/m 3 ) HHRA Health-Based Standards 1-Hour (µg/m 3 ) 24-Hour (µg/m 3 ) PM2.5 N/A - 28 B 10 C - 30 D - Notes: Annual (µg/m 3 ) A. The Schedule 3 standards for NOX are based on health effects of NO2, as NO2 has adverse health effects at much lower concentrations than NO. Therefore the standard was compared to NO2 in this report. However, as per the current April 2012 version of O. Reg. 419 Summary of Standards and Guidelines, the standard was also compared to the monitored NOX. B. Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard for Respirable Particulate Matter, effective by The Respirable Particulate Matter Objective is referenced to the 98 th percentile over 3 consecutive years. C. Annual Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard for Respirable Particulate Matter, effective by The Respirable Particulate Matter Objective is referenced to the 3-year average of the annual average concentrations. D. HHRA Health-Based Standard for PM2.5 was selected referencing CCME (2006). Project No.:

20 Key Components Assessed Table 2-3 Summary of Air Quality Criteria for D/Fs Contaminant Dioxins and Furans Total Toxic Equivalency A Notes: CAS 1-Hour (ng/m 3 ) NA - O. Reg 419/05 Schedule 3/AAQC 24-Hour (ng/m 3 ) 0.1 ( TEQ/m 3 ) B 1 ( TEQ/m 3 ) C Other time Period (ng/m 3 ) 1-Hour (ng/m 3 ) HHRA Health-Based Standards 24-Hour (ng/m 3 ) Annual (ng/m 3 ) Toxic Equivalency Factor Annual (ng/m 3 ) A. Application of the air standard for dioxins, furans, and dioxin-like PCBs requires the calculation of the total toxicity equivalent (TEQ) concentration contributed by all dioxin-like compounds in the mixture. TEQ is calculated using the methodology as per the O. Reg.419 Summary of Standards and Guidelines, and the corresponding WHO2005 toxic equivalency factors (TEFs). B. Ontario Ambient Air Quality Criteria C. O. Reg. 419 Schedule 6 Upper Risk Thresholds D. Carcinogenic Annual Average. Units in (ng/m 3 ) -1. Project No.:

21 Instrumentation and Operations Summary 3.0 INSTRUMENTATION AND OPERATIONS SUMMARY 3.1 INSTRUMENTATION The measurement program at the monitoring sites includes both continuous and non-continuous monitors to sample air contaminant concentrations. Monitoring for respirable particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen oxides (NOX) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) are conducted on a continuous basis. A summary of the continuous monitors and a brief description of their principle of operation are provided in Table 3-1 below. Table 3-1 Summary of Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitors Contaminant Monitor Principle of Operation Range Time Interval PM2.5 Thermo Sharp 5030 Synchronized Hybrid Ambient Real-time Particulate Monitor Light Scattering Photometry / Beta Attenuation - Consists of a carbon14 source, detector and light scattering Nephelometer in a rack-mountable enclosure. The Thermo Sharp utilizes a continuous (non-step wise) hybrid mass measurement and a combination of beta attenuation and light scattering technology. The unit s filter tape is automatically advanced based upon a user defined frequency or particulate loading mg/m 3 1 minute NO, NO2, NOX API Model 200E Chemiluminescence Analyzer Chemiluminescence - Uses a chemiluminescence detection principle and microprocessor technology for ambient continuous emissions monitoring (CEM). Measurements are automatically compensated for temperature and pressure changes ppb 1 second Project No.:

22 Instrumentation and Operations Summary Table 3-1 Summary of Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitors Contaminant Monitor Principle of Operation Range Time Interval SO2 Teledyne Monitor Labs Sulphur Dioxide Analyzer Model T100 Pulsed Florescence - SO2 levels are measured based on the principle that SO2 has a strong ultraviolet (UV) absorption at a wavelength between 200 and 240 nanometres (nm). The absorption of photons at these wavelengths results in the emission of fluorescence photons at a higher wavelength. The amount of fluorescence measured is directly proportional to the concentration of SO ppb 1 second Two manually operated, hi-volume air samplers are installed at each of the Courtice WPCP (upwind) and Rundle Road (downwind) monitoring stations to collect metals in total suspended particulates (TSP), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and dioxins and furans. As per Section 1.2 of the Ambient Monitoring Plan (Stantec, 2012), monitoring for metals/tsp, PAHs and dioxins and furans was not conducted in However, as mentioned above, Stantec was requested to conduct additional dioxins/furans sampling on a 12-day schedule between October 21, 2015 and January 25, The methodology and analyses for the dioxins and furans sampling follow those described in the Ambient Air Monitoring Plan (Stantec 2012) as presented in Table 3-2, with the exception of the sampling schedule (dioxin/furan sampling is on a 24-day schedule in the Ambient Monitoring Plan). The samples were submitted to Maxxam Analytics Inc., a Canadian Association for Laboratory Accreditation Inc. (CALA) / Standards Council of Canada (SCC) accredited laboratory, for analysis. Table 3-2 Summary of Non-Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitors Contaminant Sampler Filter Media Lab Analysis Sampling Schedule Dioxins / Furans Tisch Environmental TE mass-flow high volume air sampler Dual chambered sampling module with a Tefloncoated glass fibre filter and a Poly- Urethane Foam (PUF) cartridge Gas Chromatography / Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) 24 hour sample taken every 12 days Project No.:

23 Instrumentation and Operations Summary Horizontal wind speed, wind direction, atmospheric temperature, relative humidity and rainfall are measured at the predominantly downwind Rundle Road station. The meteorological sensors at the Rundle Road station are mounted on an external 10-m aluminum tower and are logged using a digital data acquisition system (DAS). The predominantly upwind Courtice station measures atmospheric temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and barometric pressure. Wind speed and wind direction data at the upwind location are available from the Courtice Water Pollution Control Plant. The meteorological equipment includes the following: Table 3-3 Summary of Meteorological Equipment Parameter Wind Speed/Wind Direction Temperature Relative Humidity Atmospheric Pressure Rainfall Equipment Met One Instruments Inc. Model 034B Campbell Scientific Model HMP60 Campbell Scientific Model HMP60 Campbell Scientific Model CS106 Texas Electronic TE525M A Campbell Scientific CRX1000 station data acquisition system is used to collect continuous instrument monitoring data and status codes from the ambient air quality monitors. Continuous station data are maintained in the data loggers, and data is viewed locally using a laptop and the relevant DAS software applications. Remote data transmission is accomplished by the periodic transmission of collected station air quality data via cellular phone. 3.2 MONITORING STATION VISITS AND REGULAR MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES Monitoring station visits are conducted on a regular basis. During the station visits, the integrity and proper operation of the sampling and monitoring equipment and of the data acquisition systems, to ensure the collection of valid and complete data were verified, as well as the continued safe and secure environment at the station. Station visits in 2015 were documented in the site logbook, and visual checks of the equipment were documented during each site visit in an Ambient Pod Checklist. A list of the regular and major preventative maintenance activities performed by Stantec and/or Valley Environmental during the station visits in 2015 is presented in Table A-1 in Appendix A. Project No.:

24 Instrumentation and Operations Summary Daily diagnostic tests were performed remotely on the continuous monitoring equipment and station parameters to check for anomalous data and assess whether the equipment was functioning normally. Any issues identified were immediately assessed and rectified. If required, Valley Environmental was notified to dispatch a trained technician to address the issue. 3.3 DATA ACQUISITION/ARCHIVING Data from the continuous monitors at each station are maintained in the data loggers. These data were viewed and collected via the automated data acquisition systems and cell phone modems. On a daily basis during weekdays, each data logger was remotely accessed and the current data were reviewed to check the operational status of each monitor and for anomalous data; Data was downloaded and backed-up once a week (to a separate file location) to avoid any file overwriting or data loss ; The full set of collected data was reviewed including manual verification of values, invalidating false / suspicious / calibration data, etc. The protocols used to invalidate continuous data followed those provided in Table 5 of the MOECC Operations Manual. Details of the data editing are presented in the quarterly reports. 3.4 INSTRUMENTATION CALIBRATION Continuous Monitors The samplers were calibrated when they were installed in the field before their first use. Ongoing performance checks and external calibrations of the continuous monitors were performed monthly. This meets the recommended calibration schedule listed in the MOECC Operations Manual. The external calibrations for the NOX and SO2 monitors involved challenging each monitor with certified calibration gases (each referenced to a primary standard) for zero and span measurements. Non-Continuous Monitors The high volume air samplers were calibrated at a minimum monthly (or after any motor maintenance) during the sampling period. The calibration frequency exceeded the MOECC Operations Manual requirement of quarterly calibrations. A summary of the calibration tasks that are required and have been performed for each sampler are provided in Table A-2 in Appendix A. Project No.:

25 Instrumentation and Operations Summary 3.5 MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE MONITOR PERFORMANCE AND SITE AUDIT Four MOECC audits were conducted in These were done on March 4, June 30, August 31, and December 14 for the continuous monitors (PM2.5, SO2, and NOX/NO2/NO) at both the Courtice WPCP and Rundle Road Stations. All monitors passed the MOECC performance and site audits. The calibrations met all current MOECC criteria. Since the non-continuous air samplers were not in use / not in the scope of the Ambient Air Monitoring Plan (Stantec 2012) in 2015, MOECC audits of these samplers were not conducted. 3.6 INSTRUMENTATION ISSUES A few instrumentation issues were encountered during These were generally associated with power outages, UV lamp replacement, Sharp PM2.5 monitor sensitivity to high ambient relative humidity levels. There were some minor equipment issues that commonly occur when operating instrumentation continuously for extended periods of time. A summary of operational issues and the resolution for each measurement parameter during the 2015 monitoring period is presented in Tables A-3 and A-4 in Appendix A. 3.7 DATA RECOVERY RATES Data recovery rates for each continuous monitor at the two monitoring stations during the 2015 sampling period (January to December 2015) are presented in Tables 3-4 and 3-5. The data recovery rates for the measured air contaminants at both stations met or exceeded MOECC requirements for data validity. Table 3-4 Summary of Data Recovery Rates for the Courtice WPCP Station (Upwind) 2015 Monitoring Period Parameter Valid Measurement Hours Data Recovery Rate (%) SO % NOX % PM % Temperature % Rainfall % Relative Humidity % Pressure % Project No.:

26 Instrumentation and Operations Summary Table 3-4 Summary of Data Recovery Rates for the Courtice WPCP Station (Upwind) 2015 Monitoring Period Parameter Valid Measurement Hours Data Recovery Rate (%) Wind Speed/Direction % TSP/Metals N/A A N/A A PAHs N/A A N/A A Dioxins and Furans 4 B 67% Note: A - Not sampled in B - Number of filters/24-hour average samples. Table 3-5 Summary of Data Recovery Rates for the Rundle Road Station (Downwind) 2015 Monitoring Period Parameter Valid Measurement Hours Data Recovery Rate (%) SO % NOX % PM % Temperature % Rainfall % Relative Humidity % Pressure N/A A N/A A Wind Speed/Direction % TSP/Metals N/A B N/A B PAHs N/A B N/A B Dioxins and Furans 6 C 100% Note: A. Not measured at the Rundle Road Station B. Not sampled in C. Number of filters/24-hour average samples. Project No.:

27 Summary of Ambient Measurements 4.0 SUMMARY OF AMBIENT MEASUREMENTS The following sections provide summaries of the validated data for each measured parameter. 4.1 METEOROLOGICAL DATA A summary of the maximum, minimum, arithmetic mean, and standard deviation of the hourly average meteorological parameters measured at the two monitoring stations for January - December 2015 is presented in Table 4-1. Table 4-1 Summary of Hourly Meteorological Measurements 2015 Monitoring Period Parameter Courtice WPCP (Upwind) Rundle Road (Downwind) Temperature Max C Min C Mean C Standard Deviation C Rainfall Max mm Units Min mm Mean mm Standard Deviation mm Relative Humidity Max % Min % Mean % Standard Deviation % Pressure A Max in Hg Min in Hg Mean in Hg Standard Deviation in Hg Wind Speed B Max km/hr Notes: Min km/hr Mean km/hr Standard Deviation km/hr A. Pressure is not measured at the Rundle Road Station. B. Wind speed at the Courtice WPCP Station is measured at 20-m and at the Rundle Road Station at 10-m. Project No.:

28 Summary of Ambient Measurements At the Courtice WPCP (Upwind) Station (located near Lake Ontario), wind data were measured and provided by the Courtice Water Pollution Control Plant on a 20-m tower, while at the Rundle Road (Downwind) Station they were measured on a 10-m tower. Wind roses showing the directionality and speed at each location are presented in Figure 4-1. The length of the radial barbs gives the total percent frequency of winds from the indicated direction, while portions of the barbs of different widths indicate the frequency associated with each wind speed category. Winds over the twelve-month monitoring period in 2015 at the Courtice WPCP Station occurred predominantly from southwesterly to northwesterly directions. Winds blew infrequently from the south. At the Rundle Road Station, the predominant wind directions were winds blowing from west-southwesterly to northwesterly directions. As with the Courtice WPCP Station, the wind contribution from the south was low for the Rundle Road Station. Figure 4-1 Wind Roses for the 2015 Monitoring Period (Jan-Dec 2015) Courtice WPCP (Upwind) at 20-m Above Ground Rundle Road (Downwind) at 10-m Above Ground Project No.:

29 Summary of Ambient Measurements 4.2 CAC AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MEASUREMENTS A summary of the maximum, minimum, arithmetic mean, and standard deviation of the CAC pollutant concentrations measured at each station are presented in Table 4-2. Also presented in Table 4-2 is the number of exceedances (if any) of the relevant Ontario ambient air quality criteria (AAQC) or health-based standard for each contaminant. The measured concentrations of the air contaminants monitored were all below their applicable hourly, 24-hour and annual average criteria during The concentration of nitric oxide (NO) has no regulatory criteria as discussed in Section below. The hourly and 24-hour AAQC values for NOX are based on health effects of NO2; therefore the AAQCs were compared to measured NO2 concentrations in this report (MOECC, 2012a). However, as per the April 2012 version of O.Reg. 419 Summary of Standards and Guidelines (MOECC, 2012b), the Schedule 3 criteria for NOX were also compared to the monitored NOX levels. A comparison of the maximum measured data to their respective air quality criteria is presented graphically in Figure 4-2. Project No.:

30 Summary of Ambient Measurements Table 4-2 Pollutant SO2 PM2.5 Summary of Ambient CAC Monitoring Data Monitoring Period Averaging Period AAQC / HHRA Health- Based Standards µg/m ppb Annual 55 / 29 A 20 / 11 A B N/A Annual 10 D N/A Courtice WPCP (Upwind) Concentration (µg/m 3 ) Concentration (ppb) Rundle Road (Downwind) Concentration (µg/m 3 ) Concentration (ppb) Maximum Minimum Mean Standard Deviation # of Exceedances Maximum Minimum Mean Standard Deviation # of Exceedances Mean (Period) # of Exceedances Maximum Minimum Mean th Percentile C Standard Deviation # of Exceedances N/A - N/A - Mean (Period) # of Exceedances N/A - N/A - Project No.:

31 Summary of Ambient Measurements Table 4-2 Pollutant NO2 NO F Summary of Ambient CAC Monitoring Data Monitoring Period Averaging Period AAQC / HHRA Health- Based Standards µg/m E 200 E E 100 E Annual NA NA 24 NA NA ppb Courtice WPCP (Upwind) Concentration (µg/m 3 ) Concentration (ppb) Rundle Road (Downwind) Concentration (µg/m 3 ) Concentration (ppb) Maximum Minimum Mean Standard Deviation # of Exceedances Maximum Minimum Mean Standard Deviation # of Exceedances Mean # of Exceedances Maximum Minimum Mean Standard Deviation # of Exceedances Maximum Minimum Mean Standard Deviation # of Exceedances Project No.:

32 Summary of Ambient Measurements Table 4-2 Pollutant NOX Summary of Ambient CAC Monitoring Data Monitoring Period Averaging Period AAQC / HHRA Health- Based Standards µg/m E 200 E E 100 E Annual ppb Courtice WPCP (Upwind) Concentration (µg/m 3 ) Concentration (ppb) Rundle Road (Downwind) Concentration (µg/m 3 ) Concentration (ppb) Maximum Minimum Mean Standard Deviation # of Exceedances Maximum Minimum Mean Standard Deviation # of Exceedances Mean # of Exceedances Notes: A. Annual AAQC / Annual HHRA. B. Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard for Respirable Particulate Matter, effective by The Respirable Particulate Matter Objective is referenced to the 98th percentile over 3 consecutive years. C. The 98th percentile of the daily average PM2.5 measurements in the period. D. Annual Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard for Respirable Particulate Matter, effective by The Respirable Particulate Matter Objective is referenced to a 3-year average of the annual average concentrations. E. As per current version (April 2012) of Reg. 419 Summary of Standards and Guidelines, the air standard for NOX is compared to a monitored NOX concentration, although the Reg. 419 Schedule 3 standard for NOX is based on health effects of NO2. F. NO has no regulatory criteria. G. Daily PM2.5 concentrations were not compared to the Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard shown in this table, which requires averaging the 98th percentile concentrations over three consecutive years, as compared to the 12-month period covered by this report. H. Annual PM2.5 concentrations were not compared to the Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard shown in this table, which requires a 3-year average of the annual average concentrations Project No.:

33 Concentration (µg/m 3 ) 2015 ANNUAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING REPORT FOR THE DURHAM YORK ENERGY Summary of Ambient Measurements Figure 4-2 Comparison of NO2 / NOX and SO2 Ambient Monitoring Data to Applicable Criteria 2015 Monitoring Period AAQC / HHRA Health- Based Standards Maximum Measured Concentration at Courtice WPCP Station Maximum Measured Concentration at Rundle Station 0 Hourly SO2 24-Hour SO2 Hourly NO2 24-Hour NO2 Hourly NOx 24-Hour NOx Additional details on the results for each measured contaminant are presented in the following sections Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Time history plots of the hourly and 24-hour average SO2 concentrations over the measurement period are presented in Appendix B, Figures B1 and B2. For the hourly and 24-hour average plots, the Ontario AAQCs of 690 µg/m 3 and 275 µg/m 3 are shown as blue lines on each plot. As shown in these figures, measured ambient SO2 concentrations at both stations were well below the criteria. The annual Ontario AAQC for SO2 is 55 µg/m 3, and the annual HHRA criterion is 29 µg/m 3. The maximum hourly, 24-hour and annual average concentrations measured at the Courtice WPCP station during the 2015 monitoring period were 103.8, 23.5 and 2.7 μg/m 3, respectively, which are 15%, 8.5% and 9.3% of the applicable ambient 1-hour, 24-hour and annual air quality criteria. The maximum hourly, 24-hour and annual average concentrations measured at the Rundle Road station during 2015 were 79.3, 22.4 and 2 μg/m 3, respectively, which are 11.5%, 8.1% and 7.1% of the applicable ambient 1-hour, 24-hour and annual air quality criteria. Project No.:

34 Summary of Ambient Measurements Pollution roses of hourly average SO2 concentrations measured at the Courtice WPCP Station and the Rundle Road Station are presented in Figure 4-3. A pollution rose plot presents measured hourly average contaminant concentrations versus measured wind direction (over 10 wind sectors). The figure differs slightly from the 2014 annual report figure as concentrations less than 10 μg/m 3, which account for about 95% of the measurements at each station, were removed from the plots to allow the distribution of maximum levels to be more clearly visible in the figure. Plots of the measured hourly average SO2 concentrations versus wind direction are presented in Appendix B, Figures B3 and B4. For the Courtice WPCP Station, higher measured concentrations occurred from northerly to easterly directions. The maximum measured concentration at this station occurred for eastnortheasterly winds a direction in which the Courtice water pollution control plant, a CN railway, the DYEC and St. Mary s Cement are upwind of the monitoring station. For the Rundle Road station, the measured hourly average concentrations were higher for southeasterly winds relative to other directions. The highest measured concentrations at this station was from the southeast for which St. Mary s Cement, Highway 401 and a CP railway are upwind of the Rundle station. Project No.:

35 \\Cd 1215-f01\work_group\01609\Ac tive \ \planning \d rawing \MXD\Atm osphe ric \2015_R e port\ _atm _Fig4-3_R ose _Chart_SO2.m xd R e vise d : By:bc owp e r Prestonvale Road Robinson Creek Bloor Street Trulls Road Courtice Road Darlington Park Road 300 Down Road Tooley Creek Hancock Road 0.7% 0.6% 0.5% 0.4% 0.3% 0.2% 0.1% 0.0% 0 Courtice WPCP (Upwind) Osborne Solina Road REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY OF DURHAM Baseline Road Highway 401 South Service Road Road Crago Road 0.4% 0.4% 0.3% 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% Rundle Road 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% Rundle Road (Downwind) Holt Road Maple Grove Road Darlington Creek Bottrell Stre et Dodds Sq u a re Green Road Road Symons ^_ St Mary's Cement Facility Location ± m 1:30, Ap ril Notes 1. Coord inate Syste m :NAD 1983UTM Z one 17N 2. Base fe ature sp rod uc e d und e r lic e nse with the Ontario Ministry of Natural R e so urc e s Que e n'sprinte r for Ontario, Orthoim age ry FirstBase Solutions, Courtic e WPCP:Conc e ntrationsle sthan 10μg/m 3,whic h ac c ountfor 95% of the m e asure m e nts,have be e n re m ove d from the p lo tto allo w the d istribution of m axim um le ve lsto be m ore c le arly shown in the fig ure. R und le R o ad :Co nc e ntrationsle ssthan 10μg /m 3,whic h ac c ountfo r 97% o f the m e asure m e nts,have be e n re m ove d from the p lo tto allo w the d istribution of m axim um le ve lsto be m ore c le arly shown in the fig ure. Legend ^_ StMary'sCe m e ntfac ility Lo c ation Durham York Ene rgy Ce ntre Site R ailway R o ad Hig hway Wate rc ourse Concentration (ug/m³) Dire c tion o f Maxim um Me asure d Conc e ntration Clie nt/pro je c t The R e g io n o f Durham Durham York Ene rg y Ce ntre Fig ure No. 4-3 Title Pollution Roses of Measured Hourly Average SO 2 Concentrations Monitoring Period

36 Summary of Ambient Measurements Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Nitrogen oxides (NOX) are almost entirely made up of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Together, they are often referred to as NOX. Most NO2 in the atmosphere is formed by the oxidation of NO, which is emitted directly by combustion processes, particularly those at high temperature and pressure. Exposure to both NO and NO2 can result in adverse health effects to an exposed population. NO2 is the regulated form of NOX. Similar to other jurisdictions (e.g., Alberta Environment, World Health Organization),the O. Reg. 419/05 Schedule 3 standards for NOX are based on health effects of NO2, as health effects are seen at much lower concentrations of NO2 than NO. In this report, because NO2 is the regulated form of NOX, the AAQC were compared to measured NO2 concentrations (MOECC, 2012a). However, as per the current April 2012 version of O. Reg. 419 Summary of Standards and Guidelines (MOECC, 2012b), the NOX Schedule 3 criteria were also compared to the monitored NOX concentrations (see Section below). Time history plots of the hourly and 24-hour average NO2 concentrations over the measurement period are presented in Appendix C, Figures C1 and C2. For hourly and 24-hour averages, the respective Ontario AAQCs of 400 µg/m 3 and 200 µg/m 3 are shown as blue lines on the time history plots. As shown in these figures, measured ambient NO2 concentrations at both stations were well below the criteria. The maximum hourly, 24-hour and annual average NO2 concentrations measured at the Courtice WPCP station during 2015 were 135.2, 55.2 and 13.8 μg/m 3, respectively which are 33.8%, 27.6% and 22.9% of the applicable ambient 1-hour, 24-hour and annual air quality criteria. At the Rundle Road Station, the maximum measured hourly and 24-hour average concentrations were 86.4, 45.9 and 13.1 μg/m 3, which are 21.6%, 23% and 21.9% of the applicable air quality criteria. Pollution roses of hourly NO2 concentrations are presented in Figure 4-4. Concentrations less than 25 μg/m 3 which account for approximately 85% of measurements were removed from the plots. Plots of measured hourly average NO2 concentrations versus measured wind direction are presented in Appendix C, Figures C3 and C4. Higher measured hourly concentrations for the Courtice WPCP station occurred most frequently from northwesterly to northerly directions. The maximum measured hourly average NO2 concentration for the Courtice WPCP Station occurred for a north-northwesterly wind - a direction in which the CN railway, Highway 401 and an agricultural area are upwind of the station. At the Rundle Road Station, higher hourly average NO2 concentrations were measured for winds blowing from westerly to northwesterly directions. The maximum measured hourly average concentration at the Rundle Road Station was from the west for which commercial businesses along Rundle Road (such as equipment rental companies and truss manufacturers) are upwind of the station. Project No.:

37 \\Cd 1215-f01\work_group\01609\Ac tive \ \planning \d rawing \MXD\Atm osphe ric \2015_R e port\ _atm _Fig4-4_R ose _Chart_NO2.m xd R e vise d : By:bc owp e r Prestonvale Road Robinson Creek Bloor Street Trulls Road Courtice Road Darlington Park Road 300 Down Road Tooley Creek Hancock Road 1.4% 1.2% 1.0% 0.8% 0.6% 0.4% 0.2% 0.0% 0 Courtice WPCP (Upwind) Osborne Solina Road REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY OF DURHAM 240 Baseline Road Highway 401 South Service Road Road Crago Road 1.6% 1.4% 1.2% 1.0% 0.8% 0.6% Rundle Road 0.4% 0.2% 0.0% Rundle Road (Downwind) Holt Road Maple Grove Road Darlington Creek Bottrell Stre et Dodds Sq u a re Green Road Road Symons ^_ St Mary's Cement Facility Location ± m 1:30, Ap ril Notes 1. Coord inate Syste m :NAD 1983UTM Z one 17N 2. Base fe ature sp rod uc e d und e r lic e nse with the Ontario Ministry of Natural R e so urc e s Que e n'sprinte r for Ontario, Orthoim age ry FirstBase Solutions, Courtic e WPCP:Conc e ntrationsle sthan 25μg/m 3,whic h ac c ountfor 83% of the m e asure m e nts,have be e n re m ove d from the p lo tto allo w the d istribution of m axim um le ve lsto be m ore c le arly shown in the fig ure. R und le R o ad :Co nc e ntrationsle ssthan 25μg /m 3,whic h ac c ountfo r 86% o f the m e asure m e nts,have be e n re m ove d from the p lo tto allo w the d istribution of m axim um le ve lsto be m ore c le arly shown in the fig ure. Legend ^_ StMary'sCe m e ntfac ility Lo c ation Durham York Ene rgy Ce ntre Site R ailway R o ad Hig hway Wate rc ourse Concentration (ug/m³) Dire c tion o f Maxim um Me asure d Conc e ntration Clie nt/pro je c t The R e g io n o f Durham Durham York Ene rg y Ce ntre Fig ure No. 4-4 Title Pollution Roses of Measured Hourly Average NO 2 Concentrations Monitoring Period

38 Summary of Ambient Measurements Nitrogen Oxides (NOX) Time history plots of hourly and 24-hour average NOx concentrations over the measurement period are presented in Appendix D, Figures D1 and D2. For hourly and 24-hour averages, the Ontario Schedule 3 criteria of 400 µg/m 3 and 200 µg/m 3 are shown as blue lines on the corresponding time history plot. As indicated in the section above, although the criteria were compared to the measured NOX concentrations in this report, the standards for NOX are based on health effects of NO2. As shown in these figures, the maximum measured ambient hourly and 24-hour average NOX concentrations at the Courtice WPCP station were below the criteria during the monitoring period. The measured concentrations at the Rundle Road station were also well below the criteria. As presented in Table 4-2, the maximum hourly average NOX concentration measured at the Courtice WPCP station was μg/m 3, which is 80.6% of the 1-hour ambient criteria. The 24-hour and annual average NOX concentrations measured at this station were 91 μg/m 3 and 18.4 μg/m 3, which are 45.5% and 30.6% of the applicable ambient air quality criteria. At the Rundle Road Station, the maximum hourly, 24-hour and annual average concentrations measured in 2015 were 202.6, 65.9 and 16.3 μg/m 3, which are 50.6%, 32.9% and 27.1% of the applicable air quality criteria. Pollution roses of hourly average NOX concentrations for the Courtice WPCP Station and the Rundle Road Station are presented in Figure 4-5. The wind roses in this figure present measured concentrations above 50 μg/m 3 to allow the higher levels to be more easily visible (concentrations less than 50 μg/m 3 accounted for 90% and 95% of the NOx measurements at the Courtice WPCP and Rundle Road Stations respectively). Plots of wind direction versus measured NOX concentrations are presented in Appendix D, Figures D3 and D4. Higher measured hourly average NOX concentrations for the Courtice WPCP Station typically occurred for winds blowing from the northwesterly direction. The maximum measured concentration was for a wind blowing from the north-northwest, for which Highway 401 and the CN railway were upwind. At the Rundle Road Station, higher measured hourly average NOX concentrations occurred for westerly to west-northwesterly directions. The maximum measured hourly average NOX concentration occurred for a north-northwesterly wind. In this direction, Rundle Road and some agricultural areas are situated upwind of the monitoring station. Project No.:

39 \\Cd 1215-f01\work_group\01609\Ac tive \ \planning \d rawing \MXD\Atm osphe ric \2015_R e port\ _atm _Fig4-5_R ose _Chart_NOX.m xd R e vise d : By:bc owp e r Prestonvale Road Robinson Creek Bloor Street Trulls Road Courtice Road Darlington Park Road 300 Down Road Tooley Creek % 0.8% 0.7% 0.6% 0.5% 0.4% 0.3% 0.2% 0.1% 0.0% Hancock Road 0 #0 Courtice WPCP (Upwind) Osborne Solina Road REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY OF DURHAM 240 Baseline Road Highway 401 South Service Road Road Rundle Road Darlington Creek Crago Road 0.5% 0.5% 0.4% 0.4% 0.3% 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% #0 Rundle Road (Downwind) Holt Road Maple Grove Road Bottrell Stre et Dodds Sq u a re Green Road Road Symons ^_ St Mary's Cement Facility Location ± m 1:30, Ap ril Notes 1. Coord inate Syste m :NAD 1983UTM Z one 17N 2. Base fe ature sp rod uc e d und e r lic e nse with the Ontario Ministry of Natural R e so urc e s Que e n'sprinte r for Ontario, Orthoim age ry FirstBase Solutions, Courtic e WPCP:Conc e ntrationsle sthan 50μg/m 3,whic h ac c ountfor 91% of the m e asure m e nts,have be e n re m ove d from the p lo tto allo w the d istribution of m axim um le ve lsto be m ore c le arly shown in the fig ure. R und le R o ad :Co nc e ntrationsle ssthan 50μg /m 3,whic h ac c ountfo r 95% o f the m e asure m e nts,have be e n re m ove d from the p lo tto allo w the d istribution of m axim um le ve lsto be m ore c le arly shown in the fig ure. Legend ^_ StMary'sCe m e ntfac ility Lo c ation Durham York Ene rgy Ce ntre Site R ailway R o ad Hig hway Wate rc ourse Concentration(ug/m³) Dire c tion o f Maxim um Me asure d Conc e ntration Clie nt/pro je c t The R e g io n o f Durham Durham York Ene rg y Ce ntre Fig ure No. 4-5 Title PolutionRos es ofmeas uredhourly AverageNO xconcentrations 2015MonitoringPeriod

40 Summary of Ambient Measurements Particulate Matter Smaller than 2.5 Microns (PM2.5) Time history plots of the measured 24-hour average PM2.5 concentrations over the measurement period are presented in Appendix E, Figures E1 and E2. The maximum 24-hour average PM2.5 concentration measured at the Courtice WPCP station over the monitoring period was 59.6 µg/m 3. The maximum measured 24-hour average PM2.5 concentration at the Rundle Road station was 64.7 µg/m 3. In 2015, the 98 th percentiles of the daily average PM2.5 concentrations measured over the monitoring period were 27.3 µg/m 3 at the Courtice WPCP Station and 28.4 µg/m 3 at the Rundle Road Station. As detailed below, these values for the 98th percentile should not be used for comparison against the Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard. Pollution roses showing measured 24-hour average ambient PM2.5 concentrations versus wind direction are shown in Figure 4-6 for both monitoring stations. Concentrations less than 20 µg/m 3 which accounted for approximately 85% of measurements at the Courtice WPCP and 90% at the Rundle Road Station were not included in this figure to more clearly show the distribution of higher levels. Plots of measured 24-hour average ambient PM2.5 concentrations versus measured 24-hour average wind direction are presented in Appendix E, Figures E-3 and E-4. Higher measured PM2.5 concentrations at the Courtice WPCP Station occurred for southwesterly to northwesterly and northeasterly winds, with the maximum measured concentration occurring from the north-northwest for which the CN railway and Highway 401 were located upwind of the monitoring station. At the Rundle Road Station, higher measured 24-hour average PM2.5 concentrations occurred for easterly and westerly to northwesterly winds. The maximum measured concentration occurred for a westerly wind for this wind direction commercial businesses along Rundle Road (such as equipment rental companies and a truss manufacturer) are located upwind of the Rundle Road station. The 24-hour and annual PM2.5 CAAQS criteria both require a 3-calendar year average for comparison, with the data considered valid if an annual 98 th percentile value is available for at least two of the required three calendar years. Since Table 4-2 only covers the year 2015, the presented measurements were not explicitly compared to the CAAQS criteria. With the collection of PM2.5 measurements beginning in July 2013 to the end of the period considered in this report (December 2015), there are two calendar years of measured data available to compare against the CAAQS criteria. A preliminary comparison of the calculated 2-year average of the annual 98 th percentile of the daily 24-hour average concentrations and the 2- year average of the annual average concentrations to their respective CAAQS criteria using calendar years 2014 and 2015 at both stations is shown in Table 4-3. The calculated ambient PM2.5 levels were below their respective CAAQS standards for this preliminary comparison. Project No.:

41 \\Cd 1215-f01\work_group\01609\Ac tive \ \planning \d rawing \MXD\Atm osphe ric \2015_R e port\ _atm _Fig4-6_R ose _Chart_PM2-5.m xd R e vise d : By:bc owp e r Prestonvale Road Robinson Creek Bloor Street Trulls Road Courtice Road Darlington Park Road 300 Down Road Tooley Creek Hancock Road 0 0.7% 0.6% 0.5% 0.4% 0.3% 0.2% 0.1% 0.0% Courtice WPCP (Upwind) 30 Osborne 270 Solina Road REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY OF DURHAM 240 Baseline Road Highway 401 South Service Road Road Crago Road Rundle Road % 1.0% 0.8% 0.6% 0.4% 0.2% 0.0% Rundle Road (Downwind) Holt Road Maple Grove Road Darlington Creek Bottrell Stre et Dodds Sq u a re Green Road Road Symons ^_ St Mary's Cement Facility Location ± m 1:30, Ap ril Notes 1. Coord inate Syste m :NAD 1983UTM Z one 17N 2. Base fe ature sp rod uc e d und e r lic e nse with the Ontario Ministry of Natural R e so urc e s Que e n'sprinte r for Ontario, Orthoim age ry FirstBase Solutions, Courtic e WPCP:Conc e ntrationsle sthan 20μg/m 3,whic h ac c ountfor 86% of the m e asure m e nts,have be e n re m ove d from the p lo tto allo w the d istribution of m axim um le ve lsto be m ore c le arly shown in the fig ure. R und le R o ad :Co nc e ntrationsle ssthan 20μg /m 3,whic h ac c ountfo r 90% o f the m e asure m e nts,have be e n re m ove d from the p lo tto allo w the d istribution of m axim um le ve lsto be m ore c le arly shown in the fig ure. Legend ^_ StMary'sCe m e ntfac ility Lo c ation Durham York Ene rgy Ce ntre Site R ailway R o ad Hig hway Wate rc ourse Concentration Dire c tion o f Maxim um Me asure d Conc e ntration Clie nt/pro je c t The R e g io n o f Durham Durham York Ene rg y Ce ntre Fig ure No. 4-6 Title PolutionRosesofMeasured24-Hour Av eragepm 2.5Concentrations 2015MonitoringPeriod

42 Summary of Ambient Measurements Table 4-3 Preliminary Comparison of Ambient PM2.5 Levels to the CAAQS Using 2014 and 2015 Measurement Data Pollutant PM2.5 Notes: A B C Averaging Period CAAQS Standard (µg/m 3 ) Courtice WPCP (Upwind) Rundle Road (Downwind) C C 24-hour 28 A Annual 10 B Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard for Respirable Particulate Matter. The Respirable Particulate Matter Objective is referenced to the average of the 98th percentile of the daily average over 3 consecutive years. Annual Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard for Respirable Particulate Matter, effective by The Respirable Particulate Matter Objective is referenced to the 3-year average of the annual average concentrations. The CAAQS PM2.5 metric considers the data to be valid when a minimum of 2 of the 3 years of data used for comparison are available. The averages shown above are preliminary and based on only 2 years of data. Project No.:

43 Ambient Air Quality Trends 5.0 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY TRENDS Ambient air quality measurements from both the Courtice WPCP and Rundle Road monitoring stations from 2014 to 2015 are compared in this section. The ambient monitoring program was initiated in 2013 and ambient air quality data were collected for the period May to December in that year. The MOECC requires that a minimum of 9 months of data out of the 12 months in a year (a minimum 75% data recovery rate) be available for calculation of annual averages. Since the length of the measurement period in 2013 was less than 9-months, the 2013 period averages were not compared to available MOECC annual criteria, nor are they directly comparable to the 2014/ 2015 annual averages. The 2015 monitoring program included continuous sampler measurements for the entire year. 5.1 CRITERIA AIR CONTAMINANT (CAC) COMPARISONS A summary of the maximum, minimum and arithmetic mean CAC concentrations, along with the number of exceedances of the relevant Ontario ambient air quality criteria (AAQC) or health-based standard for each contaminant (if any occurred) at each station from 2013 to 2015 are presented in Table 1 below. Also presented is the percentage of the applicable criteria for the maximum measured value in each year. The following observations were made from comparing the 2013 to 2015 CAC data: All monitored CACs were below their applicable hourly, 24-hour and annual average criteria for all three years. The maximum measured hourly and 24-hour average SO2 concentrations were higher at the Courtice WPCP Station in all 3 years than at the Rundle Road Station, but were all well below their relevant MOECC criteria. The 98th percentile daily average PM2.5 concentrations were similar in 2013 and 2014 for both monitoring stations (21.1 and 21.7 g/m 3 at the Rundle Road Station and 21.5 and 22.3 µg/m 3 at Courtice WPCP Station), with higher levels measured at both stations in 2015 (28.4 and 27.3 µg/m 3, respectively). Stantec reviewed PM2.5 data for the MOECC Oshawa station, and it also shows an increase in PM2.5 levels in 2015 relative to 2013 and Maximum measured hourly, 24-hour and annual average NO2 concentrations at the Courtice WPCP Station were typically higher or similar in magnitude to those measured at the Rundle Station. The maximum measured hourly and 24-hour NO and NOX concentrations were higher at the Courtice WPCP Station relative to the Rundle Station for all 3 years. It should be noted that since the monitoring periods in 2013 versus 2014 and 2015 were different (8-months in 2013 versus 12-months in 2014 and 2015), the data from 2013 are not directly comparable to 2014 and 2015 as the 2013 measurements did not encompass a full year including winter months (during which time there is normally a higher percentage of stable meteorological conditions). Project No.:

44 Ambient Air Quality Trends Table 5-1 Comparison of Measured Ambient CAC Concentrations ( ) Pollutant Averaging Period AAQC / HHRA Standards µg/m 3 Courtice WPCP (Upwind) Measurement (µg/m 3 ) % of Criteria Measurement (µg/m 3 ) Rundle Road (Downwind) % of Criteria Maximum Minimum # of Exceedances SO Maximum Minimum # of Exceedances Annual 55 / 29 A Mean (Period) N/A B # of Exceedances N/A B 0 0 N/A B 0 0 N/A B Maximum Minimum C Mean PM2.5 98th Percentile D Annual 10 F # of Exceedances N/A E N/A E N/A E N/A E N/A E N/A E Mean (Period) # of Exceedances N/A G N/A G N/A G N/A G N/A G N/A G Project No.:

45 Ambient Air Quality Trends Table 5-1 Comparison of Measured Ambient CAC Concentrations ( ) Pollutant Averaging Period AAQC / HHRA Standards µg/m 3 Courtice WPCP (Upwind) Measurement (µg/m 3 ) % of Criteria Measurement (µg/m 3 ) Rundle Road (Downwind) % of Criteria Maximum H Minimum # of Exceedances NO H Maximum Minimum # of Exceedances Annual 60 Mean N/A B # of Exceedances N/A B 0 0 N/A B 0 0 N/A B Maximum NA Minimum NO I # of Exceedances N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Maximum NA Minimum # of Exceedances N/A N/A 0 N/A NA 0 Project No.:

46 Ambient Air Quality Trends Table 5-1 Comparison of Measured Ambient CAC Concentrations ( ) Pollutant Averaging Period AAQC / HHRA Standards µg/m 3 Courtice WPCP (Upwind) Measurement (µg/m 3 ) % of Criteria Measurement (µg/m 3 ) Rundle Road (Downwind) % of Criteria Maximum H Minimum # of Exceedances NOX H Maximum Minimum # of Exceedances Annual 60 Mean N/A B # of Exceedances N/A B 0 0 N/A B 0 0 N/A B Notes: A. Annual AAQC / Annual HHRA B. As the length of the measurement period in 2013 was less than 9-months, the period (i.e. 8-months) averages presented in this report were not compared to available MOECC annual criteria. C. Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard for Respirable Particulate Matter. The Respirable Particulate Matter Objective is referenced to the average of the 98th percentile of the daily average over 3 consecutive years. D. The 98th percentile of the daily average PM2.5 measurements in the period. E. Daily PM2.5 concentrations were not compared to the Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard shown in this table, which requires averaging the 98th percentile concentrations over three consecutive years, as compared to the 8-month period covered in 2013 and the 12-month period covered in 2014 and 2015 F. Annual Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard for Respirable Particulate Matter, effective by The Respirable Particulate Matter Objective is referenced to the 3-year average of the annual average concentrations. G. Annual PM2.5 concentrations were not compared to the Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard shown in this table, which requires the 3-year average of the annual average concentrations compared to the 12-month period considered in this report for 2014 and 2015 and the 8-month period for H. As per current (April 2012) Reg 419 Summary of Standards and Guidelines, the air standard for NOX is compared to a monitored NOX concentration, although the Reg419 Schedule 3 standard for NOX is based on health effects of NO2. I. NO has no regulatory criteria. Project No.:

47 Ambient Air Quality Trends 5.2 DIOXIN AND FURAN COMPARISONS The maximum measured ambient toxic equivalent dioxin and furan concentrations at each station in each year are presented in Table 5-2. Table 5-2 Comparison of Maximum Measured Dioxin and Furan Concentrations ( ) Year Measurement Period in each Year Courtice WPCP ( TEQ/m 3 ) Rundle Road ( TEQ/m 3 ) 2013 April-December January-June October December The maximum measured toxic equivalent dioxin and furan concentrations at both stations were below the applicable 24-hour criteria of 0.1 TEQ/m 3 for all three years. It should be noted that since the monitoring periods in 2013, 2014 and 2015 were different (as shown in Table 5-2), the data between the three years are not directly comparable. Caution should be exercised in comparing the data as the measurement periods were different and cover different periods of each year (with different meteorological conditions). Project No.:

48 Conclusions 6.0 CONCLUSIONS This report provides a summary of the ambient air quality data collected at the two monitoring stations located predominantly upwind and predominantly downwind in the vicinity of the DYEC for the 2015 monitoring period. The following observations and conclusions were made from a review of the measured ambient air quality monitoring data: 1. Measured concentrations of NO2, SO2 and PM2.5 were below the applicable O.Reg. 419/05 criteria or human health risk assessment (HHRA) health-based standards presented in Table 2-2 of this report for hourly, 24-hour and annual averaging periods. 2. The 98th percentiles of the measured daily average PM2.5 levels during the 2015 monitoring period were 27.3 μg/m 3 at the Courtice WPCP station and 28.4 μg/m 3 at the Rundle Road station. As detailed below, these values for the 98th percentile should not be used for comparison against the Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard. 3. The 24-hour and annual PM2.5 Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS) criteria both require a 3-calendar year average for comparison, with the data considered valid if an annual 98th percentile value is available for at least two of the three calendar years. Using the measured PM2.5 data at each station for calendar years 2014 and 2015, average annual 98th percentile daily average and annual average PM2.5 levels were calculated and a preliminary comparison to their CAAQS criteria was made. The ambient PM2.5 levels were below their respective CAAQS standards at both stations for this preliminary comparison 4. TSP/ metals, and PAHs were not measured in 2015 as per Section 1.2 of the Ambient Monitoring Plan (Stantec, 2012); 5. Dioxins and furans sampling was resumed on October 21, 2015 (during commissioning of the facility) for the DYEC as requested by the Region of Durham. This additional sampling was not part of the Ambient Monitoring Plan and was conducted at 12-day intervals for the rest of The maximum toxic equivalent dioxin and furan concentration measured over this period was well below the applicable criteria presented in Table 2-3; and 6. In summary, the measured concentrations of those air contaminants monitored were below their applicable MOECC criteria during the 2015 monitoring period. Further, the measured levels of the monitored contaminants were below their applicable HHRA health-based standards. Project No.:

49 References 7.0 REFERENCES Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME), (2000). Canada-Wide Standards for Particulate Matter and Ozone, June 5-6, Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, (2007). Guidance Document on Achievement Determination Canada-wide Standards for Particulate Matter and Ozone, Revised, PN PDF, Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME), (2012). Guidance Document on Achievement Determination. Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards for Fine Particulate Matter and Ozone (PN 1483)( PDF) Jacques Whitford, (2009). Final Environmental Assessment, December 4, Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change Operations Division Technical Support Section, (2008). Operations Manual for Air Quality Monitoring in Ontario, March 2008 (PIBS 6687e). Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change (MOECC), (2015). Air Quality in Ontario 2013 Report. Available at: 13.pdf Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change (MOECC), (2015). Air Quality in Ontario 2014 Report. Available at: 14.pdf Ontario Minister of the Environment and Climate Change (MOECC), (2010). Environmental Assessment Act, Section 9. Notice of Approval to Proceed with the Undertaking. Re: The Amended Environmental Assessment for Durham and York Residual Waste Study (EA File No: 04-EA-02-08). Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change (MOECC), (2012a). Ontario s Ambient Air Quality Criteria, Standards Development Branch, April 2012 (PIBS # 6570e01). Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change (MOECC), (2012b). Summary of Standards and Guidelines to Support Ontario Regulation 419: Air Pollution Local Air Quality, April 2012 (PIBs 6569e01). Ontario Regulation 419/05: Air Pollution Local Air Quality. Stantec Consulting Ltd. (2009). Final Environmental Assessment, Appendix C12: Site Specific Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment Technical Study Report, December 4, Stantec Consulting Ltd., (2012). Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Plan, Durham York Residual Waste Study, May 8, Project No.:

50 Appendix A Equipment Maintenance, Calibration Schedule and Summary of Equipment Issues Appendix A EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE, CALIBRATION SCHEDULE AND SUMMARY OF EQUIPMENT ISSUES Project No.: A.1

51 Table A-1 Summary of Preventative Maintenance Parameter Equipment Make/Model Description of Maintenance Activities Required Schedule (to meet MOE and 2015 Schedule Dates Schedule / Comments Ambient Monitoring Plan requirements) Courtice Rundle Change particulate filter Monthly During monthly calibration See note 1 See note 2 Replace critical flow orifice and filters As required During monthly calibration See note 1 See note 2 SO 2 NOx Teledyne Monitor Labs API Model 200E Exchange chemical external zero air scrubber 3 months During monthly calibration See note 1 See note 2 Replace perm tube As required During annual maintenance September 23 to September 30 September 30 to October 2 Replace Pump diaphragm Annual During annual maintenance, September 23 to September 30 September 30 to October 2 Clean sample chamber, windows and filters As required During annual maintenance, September 23 to September 30 September 30 to October 2 Change particulate filter Monthly Done during monthly calibration See note 1 See note 2 Exchange chemical external zero air scrubber 3 months During monthly calibration See note 1 See note 2 Replace chemical external dryer 3 months During monthly calibration See note 1 See note 2 Chemical change ozone filter Annually During annual maintenance, See note 1 See note 2 Clean reaction cell window (annually or as necessary) Annually During annual maintenance, September 23 to September 30 September 30 to October 2 Change particulate DFU filter Annually During annual maintenance, September 23 to September 30 September 30 to October 2 Replace reaction cell O-rings & sintered filters Annually or as required During annual maintenance, September 23 to September 30 September 30 to October 2 Rebuild pump head When RCEL pressures exceeds 10 in Hg At annual maintenance, September 23 to September 30 September 30 to October 2 Replace inline exhaust scrubber Annually During annual maintenance, September 23 to September 30 September 30 to October 2 Replace inline exhaust scrubber Annually During annual maintenance, September 23 to September 30 September 30 to October 2 Replace NO2 converter Every 3 years or if conversion < 96% Conversion checked every 6 months, Convertor at 98% Convertor at 98% PM 2.5 Thermo Sharp 5030 TSP/metals TE-5170 Replace filter tape Upon 10% remaining As required Not required Not required Replace SHARP zeroing filters 6 months February 10 and September 30 February 10 and September 30 Clean PM2.5 inlet Monthly During monthly calibration See note 1 See note 2 Clean cyclone Monthly During monthly calibration See note 1 See note 2 Clean air inlet system Annually During annual maintenance, September 23 to September 30 September 30 to October 2 Rebuild vacuum pump months During annual maintenance, September 23 to September 30 September 30 to October 2 Clean ambient temp/rh shield and assembly Annually During annual maintenance, September 23 to September 30 September 30 to October 2 Ensure all gaskets sealing properly Weekly Check at weekly site visit Power cord checks for damage/cracks Weekly Check at weekly site visit Inspect screen and remove foreign deposits Weekly Check at weekly site visit Inspect holder frame gasket Every sample Check at weekly site visit Replace motor brushes Every 500 hours Replace as needed Not used in 2015 Check elapsed time meter Weekly Check at weekly site visit Check flow recorder pen/tubing Weekly Check at weekly site visit Ensure all gaskets sealing properly Weekly Check at weekly site visit PAH and D/F TE-1000 Wind Speed and Direction (Rundle Met One 034B Road Station only) Ensure all gaskets sealing properly Weekly Check at weekly site visit Power cord checks for damage/cracks Weekly Check at weekly site visit Clean any dirt around module and filter holder Weekly Check at weekly site visit Inspect dual sampling module gaskets Every sample Check at weekly site visit Inspect and replace motor flange gasket and motor cushion Routinely, minimum annually Replace motor brushes Every 400 hours Replaced as needed Replaced motor brush on December 18. Replaced motor brush on December 7. Physical inspection of equipment for signs of damage/erratic behavior Weekly Check at weekly site visit Checked weekly Replace wind speed sensor bearings and Annually During annual maintenance calibrate Replace wind vane potentiometer and bearings 24-months To be replaced at 2 years Complete factory overhaul months To be replaced at 2 to 3 years D/F sampling resumed on October 21, 2015 at request of Region of Durham. Equipment checked and calibrated on October 20, 2015 prior to first sampling. Checked at every site visit and calibration day. (see Note 3) N/A D/F sampling resumed on October 21, 2015 at request of Region of Durham. Equipment checked and calibrated on October 20, 2015 prior to first sampling. Checked at every site visit and calibration day. (see Note 4) All bearings, potentiometers and factory calibration done March 8 to April 24. During this time a spare new wind head was installed

52 Table A-1 Summary of Preventative Maintenance Parameter Temperature Equipment Make/Model CS 107 (Rundle)/ HMP 60 (Courtice) Description of Maintenance Activities Required Schedule (to meet MOE and Ambient Monitoring Plan requirements) Schedule / Comments 2015 Schedule Dates Check radiation shield free from debris Weekly Checked at weekly site visit Weekly Weekly Rainfall TE525M Inspect funnel and bucket mechanism for debris Weekly During weekly site visit Weekly Weekly Change INTERCAP Sensor On out of spec calibration As required Not required Not required Relative Humidity CS HMP60 Sensor cleaning As required As required See note 1 See note 2 Inspect/replace filter if blocked Monthly Done during monthly calibration See note 1 See note 2 Examine the external enclosure station conditions including the inlet probe for damage or blockage. Periodically review the station characteristics for any change or modification to the station Weekly Check at weekly site visit Weekly Weekly Pod / others Examine the manifold, the transfer lines and the inlet filters for dirt buildup and replace or clean as required. Examine the seals in the sampling system, the scrubbing and drying agents and replace as required Replace zero and span calibration cylinders when pressure is below 1,500 kpa (215 psig) Ensure shelters and gates are locked upon departure Weekly Check at weekly site visit Weekly Weekly Check at weekly site visit SO 2 replaced January 21, 2015, NOx replaced November 18, 2014 SO 2 replaced January 21, 2015, NOx replaced November 18, 2014 Weekly Check at weekly site visit Weekly Weekly 1. Courtice monthly calibration and maintenance dates in 2015: January 23, February 27, March 26, April 23, May 11, June 29, July 3, July 31, August 20, September 23, October 19, November 18, December Rundle monthly calibration and maintenance dates in 2015: January 23, February 27, March 26, April 24, May 11, June 29, July 3, July 31, August 20, September 23, October 19, November 18, December Courtice calibration dates for TE-1000: October 20, November 24, December Rundle calibration dates for TE-1000: October 20, November 24, December 7, December 18.

53 Table A-2 Summary of Equipment Calibration Parameter Equipment Make/Model Description of Maintenance Activities Required Schedule Schedule / Comments Courtice 2015 Schedule Dates Rundle SO 2 API Model 100E Verify test functions Weekly Checked weekly Checked weekly Checked weekly Evaluate Zero/Span check Weekly Checked daily Checked weekly Checked weekly Zero/span external check Monthly Checked monthly See note 1 See note 2 Zero/span calibration 3 months Calibrated monthly See note 1 See note 2 Flow check 6 months Checked monthly See note 1 See note 2 Pneumatic leak check Annually or after repairs Done when flow drops or checked annually Pump replaced under warranty on January 23 Diaphragm replaced December 11 Annual check on September 28 Diaphragm replaced December 11 Annual check on October 1 Calibrate UV lamp output Prior to zero/span cal Done prior to zero/span cal See note 1 See note 2 PMT sensor hardware cal On PMT/preamp changes or slope changes as specified Done when instrument slope is outside of acceptable range Checked during annual on September 28 but not adjusted Checked during annual on October 1 but not adjusted NOx API Model 200E Verify test functions Weekly Checked weekly Checked weekly Checked weekly Evaluate Zero/Span check Weekly Checked daily Checked weekly Checked weekly Zero/span external check Monthly Checked monthly See Note 1, 3 See Note 2, 3 Zero/span calibration 3 months Calibrated monthly See Note 1, 3 See Note 2, 3 Pneumatic sub-system check Annually or after repairs Checked after repairs See Note 1, 3 See Note 2, 3 PMT sensor hardware cal On PMT/preamp changes or slope changes as specified Done when slope exceeds the acceptable range See Note 1, 3 See Note 2, 3 Ambient temperature Audit monthly, calibrate annually Audit monthly. See note 1, full calibration done September 28, 2015 See note 2, full calibration done October 1, 2015 Ambient pressure Audit monthly, calibrate annually Audit monthly. See note 1, full calibration done September 28, 2015 See note 2, full calibration done October 1, 2015 PM 2.5 Thermo Sharp 5030 Flow Audit monthly, calibrate annually Audit monthly. See note 1, full calibration done September 28, 2015 See note 2, full calibration done October 1, 2015 Leak check Monthly Leak check is not possible on this make/model. N/A N/A Analog output Annually Done annually See note 1 See note 2 Proportional Counter Audit annually Done annually See note 1 See note 2 TSP/metals TE-5170 Flow calibration PAH and D/F TE-1000 Flow calibration Wind Speed and Direction Met One 034B Nephelometer zero Audit quarterly Done monthly Checked at monthly calibrations. Adjusted when required. Checked at monthly calibrations. Adjusted when required. Upon installation, monthly, or after any motor maintenance Upon installation, monthly, or after any motor maintenance Calibrated monthly and after motor maintenance. Calibrated monthly and after motor maintenance. Not used in 2015 Not used in 2015 Wind speed calibration Annually Annually N/A Full factory calibration done March 28, 2015 Potentiometer calibration Annually Annually N/A Full factory calibration done March 28, 2015 Temperature HMP 60 External calibration Annually Annually March 10, 2015 March 10, 2015 Rainfall TE525M Field Calibration. Factory calibration if field calibration not passed. Annually Annually March 10, 2015 March 10, 2015 Relative Humidity Atmospheric Pressure CS HMP60 Calibration (annually) Annually Annually March 10, 2015 March 10, 2015 CS106 Re-calibration (2-years) 2-years To be done at 2 years March 10, 2015 N/A Data Acquisition CS CR1000 Calibration every three years 3- years To be done at 3 years Not required in 2015 Not required in Courtice monthly calibration and maintenance dates in 2015: January 23, February 27, March 26, April 23, May 11, June 29, July 3, July 31, August 20, September 23, October 19, November 18, December Rundle monthly calibration and maintenance dates in 2015: January 23, February 27, March 26, April 24, May 11, June 29, July 3, July 31, August 20, September 23, October 19, November 18, December MOE audit June 29, 2015 suggested the Nox calibration gas bottle was suspect but still passed. New cal gas bottle was checked with MOE equipment and used to calibrate the Nox analyzers on July 3, 2015.