Winter and Spring Weed Control in Tall Fescue and Bermudagrass Turf

Transcription

1 Dec 17, 2006 Winter and Spring Weed Control in Tall Fescue and Bermudagrass Turf L.S. Warren, North Carolina State University ( )

2 Dec 13, 2006

3 Dec 7, 2002 Oct 20, 2003 Apr 18, 2004 Oct 31, 2005

4 Sep 23, 2004 Oct 31, 2005 Oct 23, 2006 Jan 15, 2007

5 Mar 7, 2004 Oct 31, 2005 Jan 15, 2007 Oct 23, 2006

6 JANUARY - MARCH Weed Management Options

7 Winter Annual Broadleaf Weeds and Poa annua Control metribuzin (Sencor 75 Turf) 0.67 lb/acre chickweed sp., henbit, lawn burweed, corn speedwell home use by certified applicator glyphosate home use (Roundup Pro, Touchdown Pro) 1 pt/acre % v/v nonionic surfactant Dormant nonoverseeded bermuda only!

8 Mar 8, 2004 (8 WAT) Apr 7, 2004 (12 WAT) May 4, 2004 (16 WAT) Roundup Pro 1 pt/acre (no residual activity)

9 Poa annua and Various Winter Annual Broadleaf Weed Control Rimsulfuron (TranXit GTA) + NIS 1 oz/acre % v/v Bermudagrass Foramsulfuron (Revolver) 1.09 pt/acre Bermudagrass and zoysiagrass Home use by professional turf manager

10 Poa annua and Various Winter Annual Broadleaf Weed Control Trifloxysulfuron (Monument 75WG) + NIS 0.33 oz/acre % v/v Bermudagrass and zoysiagrass Sulfosulfuron (Certainty) + NIS 1.33 oz/acre % v/v Bermuda, zoysia, St. Augustine, centipede Home use

11 Roundup 1 pt/acre Monument 75WG 0.47 oz/acre May 4, 2004 (16 WAT)

12 % Control Annual Bluegrass Control With 0.33 oz/a Monument at Different Timings Oct 14- Nov 13- Dec 14- Feb 13- Mar 11- Apr Application Dates: Thorndale Country Club May 4, 2006 Evaluation Date

13 % Control Annual Bluegrass Control With 17.4 fl oz/a Revolver at Different Timings Oct 14- Nov 13- Dec 14- Feb 13- Mar 11- Apr Application Dates: Thorndale Country Club May 4, 2006 Evaluation Date

14 % Control Annual Bluegrass Control With 1 oz/a TranXit at Different Timings Oct 14- Nov 13- Dec 14- Feb 13- Mar 11- Apr Application Dates: Thorndale Country Club May 4, 2006 Evaluation Date

15 % Control Annual Bluegrass Control With 1.25 oz/a Certainty at Different Timings Oct 14- Nov 13- Dec 14- Feb 13- Mar 11- Apr Application Dates: Thorndale Country Club May 4, 2006 Evaluation Date

16 Perennial and Winter Annual Broadleaf Weed Control Active ingredients include 2,4-D, mecoprop, dicamba, dichlorprop, mcpa Registered since at least the 1970 s 2 or 3-way mixtures commonly Trimec, Triamine, Triplet, Tri-Power, Three-Way, Weedone, etc... (trade names) Home use (some by professional turf managers)

17 Possible Weed Escapes (White) Using Trimec and Triamine Formulations Ground ivy India mock strawberry Dandelion Dock / Plantain species White clover Wild violet Yellow woodsorrel Carolina geranium Henbit Chickweed species Speedwell species Lawn burweed Field pansy Hairy bittercress Hop clover

18 % Control 2003 Field Pansy Control LSD ( P =.05) 80 Confront 1 pt Cool Power 3 pt Speed Zone 3.5 pt Trimec Classic 3.25 pt 20 0 b bcd a bcd a a a b 11-Apr 28-Apr 18 day 35 day (after Mar 24 application)

19 Wild Violets Oct 23, 2006

20 % Control Wild Violet Control LSD ( P =.05) Confront 1 pt Confront 2 pt Millennium Ultra 2.5 pt Trimec Classic 3.5 pt Manor 0.75 oz* de ab d e a bc b bc bc a cd bc cd de a e d e *0.25% v/v NIS 17-Jun 22-Jul 5-Aug 15 day 50 day 64 day (after Jun 2, 2003 appl.)

21 Perennial and Winter Annual Broadleaf Weed Control Active ingredients include triclopyr woody plants clopyralid herbaceous legume plants Registered since s Used together Confront (trade name) Used with older chemistries Horsepower, Coolpower, Chaser, Momentum, Millennium Ultra (trade names)

22 Clopyralid Label Change for 2003 Changes in 2003: Clopyralid-containing products are not labeled for use in home lawns. Clopyralid extremely sensitive to legume plants Homeowners collected clippings in compost piles Used compost in flower and ornamental beds Good-bye flower and ornamental beds

23 Perennial and Winter Annual Broadleaf Weed Control Active ingredient includes carfentrazone registered in 2002 Possible replacement for clopyralid loss Power Zone, Speed Zone and Speed Zone Southern (trade names) home use Carfentrazone in combinations with 2,4-D, mcpa, mecoprop and dicamba

24 Perennial and Winter Annual Broadleaf Weed Control Active ingredients include fluroxypyr, sulfentrazone registered in 2004 Possible replacements for clopyralid loss Escalade, Escalade 2, Escalade Low Odor (trade names) mixture of fluroxypyr + 2,4-D + dicamba Surge (trade name) mixture of sulfentrazone + 2,4-D + mecoprop + dicamba Home use Surge by professional turf manager

25 Perennial and Winter Annual Broadleaf Weed Control with SU Herbicides Ground ivy - M Mock strawberry no data Dandelion - M Dock / Plantain species White clover - M Wild violet - C Yellow woodsorrel M, C Carolina geranium - M Henbit M, C, R, T Chickweed species M, T Speedwell species - M Lawn burweed M, C, T Field pansy M, R, T Hairy bittercress no data Hop clover M, C, T M = Monument, C = Certainty, R = Revolver, T = TranXit

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27 Wild Garlic Mar 11, 2005 (17 DAT) 2,4-D amine home use Many formulations 3 qt/acre + surfactant Bermuda, fescue, ryegrass Treat for 2 years Image 70DG home use 0.35 to 0.7 lb/acre + surfactant Bermuda, centipede, zoysia Apply before spring greenup Manor / Blade home use* 0.33 to 0.5 oz/acre + surfactant Bermuda, centipede**, zoysia, St. Augustine, Ky. bluegrass * By professional turf manager

28 Crabgrass sp. and Goosegrass (Preemergence Control) Generally apply before Mar 15 Single or split applications (Split rates 8 weeks apart) Many Available Products benefin (Balan) benefin + trifluralin (Team Pro) bensulide (Betasan) dithiopyr (Dimension / Ultra) oxadiazon (Ronstar) no home use pendimethalin (Pre-M) prodiamine (Barricade 65WG)

29 PRE Weed Management Strategies Split Applications Because DNA herbicides and Dimension have some POST activity on crabgrass and goosegrass, turf managers have the option of making split applications. (Do not use Ronstar!) At the proper timing, apply ½ to 2/3 the single labeled rate, then apply the remainder 8 weeks later. Do not increase the TOTAL amount.

30 % Control Smooth Crabgrass Control in Tall Fescue Single - Full Rate 31 LSD ( P =.05) Split - Half Rate 2X Barricade 65WG Barricade 4F Dimension 1EC Dimen. Ultra 40WP Pre-M 60DF Pendulum 3.3EC Pend. Aqua Cap 3.8CS Pendulum 2G Surflan 4F Team Pro 0.86G Check (175 DAIT) Trt Dates: Mar 11 and May 9

31 % Control Goosegrass and Smooth Crabgrass Control LSD ( P =.05) c bc ab a bc d Goosegrass b b a a a c Smooth crabgrass (174 DAT) (175 DAT) Hammerlock Plus 0.43G Barricade Plus 0.43G Lesco Prod. 65WG Syngenta Prod. 65WG Syngenta Prod. 4F Check All trts applied at 0.65 lb ai/a

32 APRIL JUNE Weed Management Options

33 Postemergence control of summer annual and perennial Grassy weeds Broadleaf weeds Sedge and kyllinga weeds And also postemergence control of perennial ryegrass (a cool season perennial)

34 Crabgrass and Goosegrass Control fenoxaprop (Acclaim Extra) home use Perennial rye., fescues, zoysia, not bermuda! 0.75 to 2.5 pt/acre 2 apps 14 days apart metribuzin (Sencor 75 Turf) home use Established bermuda only by certified applicator 0.33 to 0.67 lb/acre 2 apps 7 to 10 days apart

35 Crabgrass and Broadleaf Weed Control quinclorac (Drive 75DF) Tolerance to ryegrass, bluegrass and bermudagrass species, tall fescue, zoysiagrass and creeping bentgrass 1 lb/acre + MSO (1.5 pt) or COC (2 pt) Home use apply by professional turf manager Broadleaf weeds controlled: white and hop clover, dandelion, dollarweed, corn speedwell, etc.

36 Crabgrass and Broadleaf Weed Control quinclorac + sulfentrazone + 2,4-D amine + dicamba (Q 4) 1.54SL 7 to 8 pt/acre labeled for home use Tolerance to fescue, ryegrass and bluegrass species Apply to seedling grasses after 2 nd or 3 rd mowing or 28 days after emergence Do not apply until 3 to 4 weeks after sodding, sprigging or plugging operations Wait 4 weeks after application to seed

37 Crabgrass, Goosegrass, Sandbur Dallisgrass, Bahiagrass, Nutsedge sp. MSMA Perennial ryegrass and bermudagrass tolerant; fescues and zoysia slightly sensitive 2 to 3 lb ai/acre (when air temp ~80 F) 3 to 4 applications 7 to 10 days apart for mature and hard to control weeds Some formulations require surfactant

38 Crabgrass, Goosegrass, Sandbur Dallisgrass, Bahiagrass, Nutsedge sp. August 2006 EPA ruled that MSMA would not be reregistered once current registration expires. This will be a huge loss to the turfgrass industry.

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40 Purple and Yellow Nutsedge Control Good to excellent control is now available!!! trifloxysulfuron (Monument 75WG) 0.33 to 0.56 oz/acre % v/v NIS Repeat in 4 to 6 weeks if needed Apply to nonresidential bermuda and zoysia turf sulfosulfuron (Certainty) home use 0.75 to 1.25 oz/acre % v/v NIS Repeat in 4 to 10 weeks if needed Apply to residential and nonresidential bermuda, zoysia, centipede and St. Augustine turf

41 % Control Purple Nutsedge Control With Various Herbicide Combinations cd a-d cd bcd ab a e May 30 Application; Sep 14 Evaluation 2006: Plymouth Country Club Dismiss 4F 8 oz/a Dismiss 4F 12 oz/a Quicksilver 1.9EW 2 oz/a Dismiss 4F + Quicksilver 1.9EW oz/a Certainty 1.25 oz/a + NIS 0.25% Monument 0.56 oz/a + NIS 0.25% Check

42 Kyllinga species Look like nutsedges Triangular stems, glossy leaves More mat-forming Fragrance when leaves crushed Seedheads not like nutsedges Control Options Image 70DF + MSMA Sedgehammer (only suppresses green kyllinga) Monument 75WG, Certainty same as nutsedge rates Kyllinga species: Green, false green, annual, cocks-comb

43 % Control False Green Kyllinga Control in Tifway 419 NIS added to all treatments at 0.25% v/v Manage 1.33 oz/a Manage 1.33 oz/a (2X) ab a a b a a c Image + Bueno lb ai/a Certainty 1.33 oz/a Certainty 0.66 oz/a (2X) Monument 0.35 oz/a Check 0 Sep 17 (133 DAIT) Application Dates: May 7 and Jul 22, 2003 (Reedy Creek Course)

44 Bahiagrass Control Manor + surfactant Blade + surfactant 0.5 oz/acre % v/v May need to retreat in 4 to 6 weeks Apply after spring greenup but before seedhead formation Raleigh: June seedheads Bermuda, St. Augustine, zoysia, fine fescue, Kentucky bluegrass tolerant Home use professionally apply

45 Dallisgrass Control???

46 Certainty 1.25 oz/acre + MSMA 2 lb ai/acre + NIS 0.25% applied May 2 and June 13, 2005 Photo June 27

47 % Control Dallisgrass Control in Common Bermudagrass 2005 Initiation d a ab d cd a cd d bc a bc c a a a a 27-Jun 24-Aug 5-Oct 10-Oct-06 Certainty + X oz/a % (May 2 and Jun 13) Certainty + Bueno + X oz/a + 2 lb ai/a % (May 2 and Jun 13) Bueno 2 lb ai/a (May 2) Revolver 2 oz/1000 (May 18) Bueno 2 lb ai/a (May 26) Check Treatments applied at 97.5 gpa

48 % Control Dallisgrass Control With 2 oz/a TranXit, 1.25 oz/a Certainty & 2.67 pt/a MSMA 6 Plus LSD (p=.05) 19-Sep 2006: Garner Country Club TranXit + NIS (Jul 10) TranXit + MSMA + NIS (Jul 10) MSMA fb TranXit + NIS fb MSMA (Jul 10, Jul 24 and Aug 7) TranXit + MSMA + NIS (Jul 10 and Aug 7) MSMA (Jul 10, Jul 24 and Aug 7) Certainty + MSMA + NIS (Jul 10 and Aug 21) MSMA fb Revolver fb MSMA (Jul 10, Jul 24 and Aug 7) Check

49 % Control Late Season Dallisgrass Control with Revolver and MSMA Combinations 7 20 LSD (p=.05) 29-Aug 10-Oct 2006: Garner Country Club MSMA 6 Plus 1.5 lb ai/a Aug 7 fb Revolver 1 oz/m Aug 15 fb Revolver 1 oz/m Sep 7 MSMA 6 Plus 2 lb ai/a Aug 7 fb Revolver 1 oz/m Aug 15 fb MSMA 6 Plus 2 lb ai/a Aug 21 Check

50 MSMA 6 Plus 2 pt/a Aug 7 MSMA 6 Plus 2.67 pt/a Aug 7 Revolver 1 oz/m Aug 15 Revolver 1 oz/m Aug 15 Revolver 1 oz/m Sep 7 MSMA 6 Plus 2.67 pt/a Aug 21 Garner County Club: Images taken Oct 16, 2006

51 Perennial Ryegrass Removal From Bermuda Totally remove when bermuda is actively growing in late spring Reduces bermuda competition and allows for healthier stand Herbicides are most effective way to remove as close mowing does not completely eradicate

52 Perennial Ryegrass Removal From Bermuda Newly registered products since 2002 Rimsulfuron (TranXit GTA) + NIS 2 oz/acre % v/v per application Initiate 3 weeks before desired removal date Foramsulfuron (Revolver) 1.09 pt/acre Home use professionally applied Trifloxysulfuron (Monument 75WG) + NIS 0.1 to 0.3 oz/acre % v/v

53 Warm Season Perennial and Summer Annual Broadleaf Weeds Virginia buttonweed Dollarweed Spotted spurge Common lespedeza Prostrate knotweed

54 Virginia Buttonweed Perennial, yellow-green color 2,4-D + clopyralid + dicamba (Millennium Ultra) 2 to 3 pt/acre 2 applications 4 weeks apart Not centipede or St. Augustine Other Control Options Triclopyr + clopyralid (Confront) 2 pt/acre Repeat application needed; Not fine fescue, bahia, St. Augustine Other two and three-way bdlf herbicide combinations

55 % Control Virginia Buttonweed Control in Common Bermudagrass with Single Applications LSD (p=.05) 42 DAT 85 DAT 115 DAT Applied May 15, 2006: Thorndale Country Club Trimec Classic 4 pt/a Spotlight 1 qt/a Millennium Ultra 2.25 pt/a Check

56 Check Jun 26, 2006

57 Jun 26, 2006 (6 WAT) Trimec Classic 4 pt/acre

58 Jun 26, 2006 (6 WAT) Spotlight 1 qt/acre

59 Jun 26, 2006 (6 WAT) Millennium Ultra 2.25 pt/acre

60 Dollarweed Jun 15, 2005 (8 WAIT)

61 Check May 19, 2005

62 Monument + NIS 0.33 oz/a % (1X) May 19, 2005 (4 WAT)

63 Manor 0.5 oz/a + NIS 0.25% May 19, 2005 (4 WAT)

64 Trimec Southern Manor + NIS 2 pt/acre 0.5 oz/acre % (2X) Monument + NIS 0.33 oz/acre % (2X) Photo Jun 15, 2005 (8 WAIT) Lawn Pennywort Confront 1 pt/acre also provides good initial control

65 Common Lespedeza Taproot, low growing Control with products containing mecoprop, dicamba, clopyralid, triclopyr, fluroxypyr, metsulfuron Control when young and actively growing Spotted Spurge Taproot, low growing Control when young and actively growing with products containing mecoprop, dicamba, triclopyr, clopyralid, fluroxypyr, trifloxysulfuron, metsulfuron

66 % Control Common Lespedeza Control in Common Bermudagrass 13 LSD (p =.05) May 11 Application; Jul 7 Evaluation 2005: NC Wesleyan College Spotlight 1.5EC 0.67 pt/a Escalade Low Odor 2.5 pt/a Trimec Southern 2 pt/a Manor 0.25 oz/a + NIS 0.25% Amine 4 2 pt/a Check

67 Spotlight 1.5EC 0.67 pt/acre Escalade Low Odor 2.5 pt/acre NC Wesleyan College: Images taken Jul 7, 2005 Trimec Southern 2 pt/acre Manor 0.25 oz/acre + NIS 0.25%

68 Amine 4 2 pt/acre Nontreated check plot NC Wesleyan College: Images taken Jul 7, 2005

69 Monument 75WG + NIS 0.33 oz/acre % Jun 28 and Jul 24, 2006 Check Spotted Spurge Photo Aug 2, 2006

70 Oct 26, 2004 Can bermudagrass be taken out of tall fescue or zoysia?

71 % Control Tifway Bermuda Removal From El Toro Zoysia Following 2 YR Treatments LSD = apps / yr (2 yr) 4 apps / yr (2 yr) Fusilade II + NIS 4 oz/a % Acclaim Extra 1.25 pt/a Turflon Ester 1 qt/a : Sandhills Research Station ( application dates)

72 % Control Tifway Bermuda Removal From El Toro Zoysia Following 2 YR Treatments LSD = apps / yr (2 yr) 4 apps / yr (2 yr) Fusilade II + Turflon Ester + NIS 4 oz + 1 qt/a +.25% Fusilade II + Turflon Ester + NIS 4 oz + 1 pt/a +.25% Acclaim Extra + Turflon Ester 1.25 pt/a + 1 qt/a Acclaim Extra + Turflon Ester 1.25 pt/a + 1 pt/a : Sandhills Research Station ( application dates)

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