In 1997, the American Association of Community Colleges began a three-year

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1 P R O J E C T B R I E F AACC-PB-00-2 Creatig Sustaiable Service Learig Programs: Lessos Leared from the Horizos Project, by Gail Robiso I 1997, the America Associatio of Commuity Colleges bega a three-year grat project to icrease the umber, quality, ad sustaiability of service learig programs i commuity colleges atiowide. Fourtee colleges selected i a atioal competitio for grats ragig from $4,000 to $10,000 per year worked together i AACC s project, Commuity Colleges Broadeig Horizos through Service Learig, to overcome challeges ad lear valuable lessos i developig ad sustaiig academically based service learig programs. AACC brought together a team of four experieced service learig metors who assisted 10 metee colleges. These Horizos Colleges used a variety of activities ad strategies over three years to esure istitutioal ad commuity support for service learig. The strategies fell ito the followig categories: Admiistratio ivolvemet ad support Climate Commuity collaboratio Curricular itegratio Faculty developmet ad ivolvemet Program developmet ad maagemet Studet participatio ad leadership Sustaiability ad istitutioalizatio While the Horizos Colleges received AACC/Corporatio for Natioal Service grat fuds to support their activities, most of the strategies ad actios they idetified ca be achieved by other istitutios, eve without iterally desigated or exteral fudig. The colleges leared importat lessos about developig a solid base of support from which their service learig programs could grow. As a result, from Jauary 1998 through Jue 2000, they reported that 6,689 studets had performed 111,438 hours of direct commuity service, worked with 760 faculty ad admiistrators, ad served 1,951 agecies ad schools ad more tha 75,000 idividuals. Horizos Metee Colleges Cetury College, MN Gadsde State Commuity College, AL Iowa Wester Commuity College, IA NorthWest Arkasas Commuity College, AR Nuez Commuity College, LA Oakto Commuity College, IL Richlad College, TX Skagit Valley College, WA Southwester College, CA Uiversity College, Uiversity of Ciciati, OH Horizos Metor Colleges Albuquerque TVI Commuity College, NM Gledale Commuity College, CA Johso Couty Commuity College, KS Miami-Dade Commuity College, FL

2 Successful Strategies for Program Sustaiability Participats i the America Associatio of Commuity Colleges Horizos project foud the followig strategies ad actios importat to creatig sustaiable service learig programs. The 14 participatig colleges implemeted these strategies o their campuses ad i their commuities betwee 1997 ad No sigle college employed every oe of the strategies. STRATEGY OR ACTION Albuquerque TVI Cetury Gadsde State ADMINISTRATION INVOLVEMENT AND SUPPORT Ivolve all levels of admiistratio, especially chief academic officer; ivite to class reflectio sessios, etc. Provide college budget support Ivolve admiistrators with commuity parter orgaizatios; geerate positive publicity Use outside experts; host a preseter admired by admiistratio Arrage for presetatios by studets to board, admiistrators to departmet chairs, etc. CLIMATE Celebrate ad recogize achievemets ad service, through studet awards, scholarships, admiistrative icetives Produce positive publicity ad promote visibility Provide for the cultivatio ad recruitmet of a lead faculty member Coduct taste of service or service day evets ad service fairs each academic term COMMUNITY COLLABORATION Trai agecy represetatives i service learig pedagogy; provide orietatio hadbook for agecies Develop a agecy directory listig service learig parters Recogize outstadig agecies ad coduct service fairs Build relatioships with ad betwee agecy parters ad faculty; host breakfast or luch meetigs, etc. Use a service learig advisory board, committee, or actio team chaired by commuity parter CURRICULAR INTEGRATION Provide topic-specific workshops or activities o reflectio, curricular itegratio, academic products, etc. Feature service learig i course descriptios i college catalog, class schedules, etc. Develop ad offer 1- to 3-credit service learig course, through studet services, huma services, hoors Provide faculty-to-faculty metorig FACULTY DEVELOPMENT AND INVOLVEMENT Provide service learig hadbook ad faculty traiig workshops Support travel ad ecourage presetatios ad formal publicatios by service learig faculty members Provide a desigated faculty coordiator for service learig Recruit ad metor ew faculty via oe-o-oe relatioships with experieced faculty Collaborate with ceter for teachig ad learig or other iteral professioal developmet etities PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT Iclude a formal assessmet for service learig, e.g., through office of istitutioal research Lik evaluatio with istitutioal goals ad report assessmet results to stakeholders Provide physical space ad staff for a service learig ceter Establish a actio team or advisory board comprisig admiistrators, faculty, commuity parters, studets STUDENT PARTICIPATION AND LEADERSHIP Idetify studet ambassadors for service learig, represetatio o plaig/advisory/agecy boards Orgaize studet presetatios to faculty meetigs, board meetigs, cofereces, classes Arrage i-class presetatios by agecy parters Celebrate studet achievemets ad provide recogitio, e.g., certificates, awards, scholarships Provide otatio o trascripts ad/or idividual portfolio developmet SUSTAINABILITY AND INSTITUTIONALIZATION Iclude service learig i log-rage plaig, missio; coect to istitutioal iitiatives, grat proposals Provide a budget that icludes a service learig coordiator ad/or physical space Make service learig a degree requiremet Idetify political power to support ad esure sustaiability Assure academic itegrity ad rigor i all aspects of the program 2 AACC/Creatig Sustaiable Service Learig Programs

3 AACC/Creatig Sustaiable Service Learig Programs 3 They foud that a combiatio of these was most useful whe applied to idividual college situatios ad commuity ad campus culture. The chart below idicates where each Horizos College used a particular actio or strategy well. The fial colum idicates strategies that ca be udertake with little or o fudig. Gledale Iowa Wester Johso Couty Miami- Dade NorthWest Arkasas Nuez Oakto Richlad Skagit Valley Southwester Uiversity College Requires o extra fudig

4 Admiistratio Ivolvemet ad Support Accordig to atioal surveys coducted by AACC i 1995 ad 1997, the support of key admiistrators is crucial to developig ad sustaiig service learig programs. These fidigs are bore out by the experieces of the 14 Horizos Colleges. Ivolvig all levels of the college admiistratio i service learig from departmet chairs ad deas to vice presidets ad presidets is a importat strategy. Admiistrators who teach ca set a example for other faculty by itegratig service learig ito their ow courses. Top-level admiistrators ca provide direct support by idetifyig budget lie items for service learig programs. Nuez Commuity College s Horizos project director is also the college s chief academic officer. A tireless promoter of service learig, she was i a positio to provide budget support as well as moral support to faculty ew to service learig. Studets are powerful advocates. Service learig coordiators or directors should ivite admiistrators to studet reflectio sessios so they ca hear studets make the coectio betwee their service experieces ad their course objectives. Admiistrators may be more likely to promote ad support service learig if a outside expert (i.e., someoe from a atioal orgaizatio promotig service learig or from a college with a sustaied program) speaks o campus, or if commuity agecies demostrate their desire for service learers ad a closer partership with the college. Admiistrators who already support service learig ca ecourage their peers ad faculty to support ad try it. May Horizos Colleges discovered the effectiveess of service learer presetatios to college goverig boards. This strategy works well because studets ted to be the most effective promoters of service learig. Studets see firsthad, ad covey with persoal testimoy, how they ca make a differece i their commuities while learig course material i a more meaigful way. Other strategies the Horizos Colleges foud useful icluded admiistrators providig icetives for faculty participatio, sedig admiistrators to service learig cofereces, ad recogizig admiistrators who support service learig. Climate Service learig programs are more successful o campuses where the climate is supportive, positive, ad celebratory. Existig campus climate may or may ot promote service. Creatig a positive climate is a importat task for service learig coordiators ad directors. Oe way to do this is to recogize studets for their service activities, through scholarships, awards, certificates, ad ed-of-year celebratios. Aother way is to keep service learig i the public eye, through press releases, ewsletters, aual reports, ad ewspapers. Some Horizos Colleges carefully cultivated ad recruited faculty members to lead service learig efforts o campus. By choosig faculty who could ispire their colleagues, the colleges advaced the stadig of service learig as part of campus climate. Lead faculty served as metors to other istructors ew to service learig ad assured academic rigor i curricular itegratio. Coductig service fairs or taste of service evets were successful strategies at Horizos Colleges. Service fairs brig commuity parters to campus to recruit service learers, while a taste of A positive climate was created i differet ways at Horizos Colleges. NorthWest Arkasas Commuity College s project director orgaized regular service learig celebratio ad recogitio evets. Cetury College provided service learig scholarships through a local agecy. Oakto Commuity College s presidet proposed allowig time for staff ad admiistrators to serve i the commuity. 4 AACC/Creatig Sustaiable Service Learig Programs

5 service usually is a oe-day evet where studets, faculty, staff, ad admiistrators ca work together i eighborhood clea-up or educatioal activities. Additioal strategies icluded developig service learig websites, ivolvig studet orgaizatios ad programs, ad likig service learig to istitutioal missio ad goals. Commuity Collaboratio Effective service learig caot happe without well-desiged commuity parterships. College service learig practitioers should cosider their couterparts i social service agecies, K-12 schools, local govermet, ad commuity-based orgaizatios to be co-teachers i the learig process. May Horizos Colleges implemeted regular agecy orietatios or traiig sessios, to esure that their commuity parters uderstood the differece betwee service learig ad voluteerism. Agecy represetatives appreciated the opportuity to be part of the teachig ad learig process, ad overwhelmigly foud studets to be assets to their orgaizatios. The colleges also developed directories listig all commuity parters, as well as service learig hadbooks for agecies. Uiversity of Ciciati s Uiversity College bolstered its program by askig a key commuity parter to chair its service learig actio team, givig the commuity heighteed visibility ad a strog voice at the college. Buildig relatioships with agecy ad school represetatives is critical i sustaiig college service learig programs. Hostig breakfast or luch meetigs o campus ad visitig each commuity site worked well for may Horizos Colleges. They leared the value of icludig commuity parters o service learig advisory committees or boards, ot oly to build relatioships but also to ascertai commuity eeds ad assets. Other strategies used by the Horizos Colleges icluded recogizig outstadig parters at aual celebratios, developig liks betwee college ad commuity websites, presetig joitly at cofereces ad workshops, ad givig commuity parters access to college resources ad facilities. Curricular Itegratio Service learig is most effective whe itegrated ito course objectives ad learig outcomes. Faculty ofte eed traiig to determie the best way to iclude service compoets i their curricula. Horizos Colleges orgaized workshops, browbag luches, ad oe-o-oe metorig to show faculty how to guide critical reflectio, redesig syllabi, determie appropriate academic products, ad idetify appropriate service sites. Each year more colleges feature service learig i course descriptios i college catalogs ad class schedules. These otatios give service learig a public face ad recogitio as part of the curriculum. This is also a good way to distiguish course sectios that require service learig or offer it as a optio. Some Horizos Colleges offer stad-aloe service learig courses for up to three credits usually through huma services, studet services, or hoors that emphasize the history ad importace of service, commuity buildig, ad civic resposibility. Further strategies icluded maitaiig a syllabi bak, workig closely with chief academic officers to esure academic rigor, ivolvig commuity parters i the curriculum developmet process, ad creatig iterdiscipliary service learig projects. Gadsde State Commuity College icludes service learig i course descriptios ad the college catalog. Richlad College requires its hoors scholars to do service learig. Iowa Wester Commuity College created a separate service learig course as a meas to begi itegratig service ito more disciplies. AACC/Creatig Sustaiable Service Learig Programs 5

6 Faculty Developmet ad Ivolvemet The Horizos Colleges developed faculty hadbooks ad guides with forms, istructios, ad agecy parter listigs as a easy ad lastig meas of orgaizig ad traiig faculty i service learig. Hadbooks are usually distributed at faculty traiig workshops ad are used as resources throughout the academic year. Some Horizos Colleges provided fuds for faculty to atted or preset at service learig ad discipliary cofereces, or to write for service learig publicatios. More ad more commuity colleges have ceters for teachig ad learig that coordiate faculty developmet opportuities. Likig service learig to such ceters proved advatageous for some Horizos Colleges as a way to beefit from existig ifrastructure ad resources ad maitai academic rigor. Desigatig a faculty coordiator helped colleges whose service learig staff was based i studet services, because faculty ted to liste to other faculty. This strategy helps bridge the gap that sometimes exists betwee academic affairs ad studet affairs. Experieced service learig faculty also recruited ad metored ewer practitioers i oe-o-oe relatioships. Iterestigly, providig faculty stipeds as icetives was ot high o the Horizos Colleges list of effective strategies. May participats foud that oce a faculty member tries service learig, stipeds are uecessary ad sometimes superfluous. More importat is persoal support ad ecouragemet provided by faculty colleagues ad admiistrators. Skagit Valley College iitiated service learig exterships i which faculty serve at commuity agecies to lear about their work, develop closer ties to agecy directors, ad create more meaigful service opportuities for their studets. Other successful strategies cosisted of givig presetatios at departmetal meetigs, puttig service learig o ew faculty orietatio agedas, icorporatig service learig i teure ad promotio processes, ad icludig service learig i faculty job descriptios. Program Developmet ad Maagemet Assessig ad evaluatig service learig is importat to esurig program sustaiability. Gatherig outcome-related data ca help prove the value of service learig, documet quality as well as quatity, ad idetify areas that may eed improvemet. Horizos Colleges with istitutioal research offices coordiated service learig assessmet with ogoig iitiatives ad istitutioal goals. Assessmet results should be reported to program stakeholders faculty, admiistrators, studets, ad commuity parters for cotiual program improvemet. Johso Couty Commuity College s service learig coordiator works with the office of istitutioal research to distribute, collect, ad aalyze studet ad faculty surveys. Miami- Dade Commuity College has a cetralized ceter for commuity ivolvemet, with service learig staff o each of its six campuses. These same stakeholders should be represeted o a service learig advisory committee, board, or actio team that meets regularly to provide feedback ad guidace o program maagemet, commuity eeds ad assets, ad curricular itegratio. Providig space for a service learig ceter or office is importat to program logevity, visibility, ad studet ad faculty recruitmet. Staffig ca be provided by a dedicated coordiator, existig studet services or voluteer ceter persoel, faculty, Federal Work-Study studets, or AmeriCorps VISTA members. Additioal strategies implemeted by Horizos Colleges icluded developig aual objectives ad 6 AACC/Creatig Sustaiable Service Learig Programs

7 marketig plas, producig ad followig timelies, ad focusig o quality over quatity. Studet Participatio ad Leadership Studets ca play may roles besides that of service learer. Sustaiable programs use studets as service learig ambassadors to recruit their peers to do service learig, track studet hours, commuicate with agecy represetatives, ad assist faculty with studet placemet. Studets ca lead reflectio sessios, serve o service learig advisory committees, ad make presetatios to college goverig boards, faculty, studets, ad commuity parters. Ivolvig studets i service learig program maagemet gives them a chace to develop leadership skills, work i teams, ad collaborate with diverse populatios. Southwester College desiged a service learig studet leadership course for studets to develop ad practice collaborative leadership skills, lead service learig projects, assist with studet ad agecy orietatios, ad provide guidace ad support to other service learers. Some Horizos Colleges ivited commuity parters to give i-class presetatios about their agecies to ecourage studet ivolvemet i ad excitemet about service learig. This was a effective recruitmet strategy to icrease studet participatio. Colleges ca celebrate ad recogize studet achievemets i service learig at aual evets; with certificates, awards, ad scholarships; ad by providig otatios o trascripts or developig idividual portfolios that feature their service experieces ad reflectios. Other strategies used by the Horizos Colleges icluded ecouragig studets to iitiate their ow service learig projects, sharig reflectios i campus-wide sessios or i publicatios, usig Federal- Work Study studets as program coordiators, ad parterig with Phi Theta Kappa chapters. Sustaiability ad Istitutioalizatio The Horizos Colleges foud that service learig was likely to be sustaied whe tied to istitutioal iitiatives such as recruitmet, retetio, ad workforce developmet. Icorporatig service learig i a college s missio statemet, log-rage or strategic pla, grat proposals, ad accreditatio reports are also useful strategies. A college budget that allows for a full- or parttime coordiator i a service learig office is a sure sig of sustaiability. So is the participatio of key players with the political power to support ad esure the program s durability. Academic departmets i some Horizos Colleges made service learig a degree requiremet, cemetig ties betwee academics ad commuity service. Assurig academic itegrity ad rigor i all aspects of service learig is key to log-term sustaiability ad istitutioalizatio. Additioal strategies icluded featurig service learig i college catalogs ad websites, developig state or regioal cosortia for service learig, ad fosterig studet, faculty, ad commuity advocacy for service learig. Gledale Commuity College has a permaet service learig ceter ad Albuquerque TVI Commuity College has a office of experietial educatio, thaks to successful service learig projects ad backig from upper-level admiistrators. AACC/Creatig Sustaiable Service Learig Programs 7

8 Idicators of Service Learig Istitutioalizatio The America Associatio of Commuity Colleges developed the followig list of idicators of service learig istitutioalizatio. Colleges may istitutioalize service learig without doig every item o this list. These are simply idicators that several Horizos Colleges have attaied or doe, ad are meat to suggest directios for program maagemet ad improvemet. College missio statemet specifically metios The college s goverig board is aware of service learig. service learig. Strategic pla icludes service learig. Campus publicity materials ad/or studet Accreditatio report features service learig. ewspaper covers service learig. Aual report features service learig. Service learig is idetifiable i the college s budget lie items. Course catalog ad class schedule iclude service learig otatio or descriptio. Studet trascripts iclude service learig otatio. Course syllabi describe service learig activities ad expectatios. Oe or more faculty, admiistrators, or staff members coordiate service learig at least part-time. Faculty, studets, ad commuity parters receive service learig guides or hadbooks. Service learig orietatio for faculty is held at least oce a year. Faculty developmet activities related to service learig are offered. Experieced service learig faculty members metor ewer service learig faculty. Service learig is recogized i the college s faculty roles ad rewards structure. Faculty leaders (e.g., deas, chairs) ecourage other faculty members to use service learig. Service learig program is evaluated or assessed regularly. Service learig orietatio for studets is held at least oce per academic term. Service learig advisory committee/board meets at least oce a year. The college s chief academic officer sits o the service learig advisory committee/board. At least oe recogitio/celebratio evet is held each year. Service learig publicatios are available i the college library, service learig resource ceter, or collectio. The college s chief executive officer supports service learig. Federal Work-Study or hoor society (e.g., Phi Theta Kappa) studets assist with service learig program maagemet/activities. Service learig orietatio for commuity parters is held at least oce a year. The college hosts ad/or visits commuity parters at least oce a year (e.g., at service learig advisory committee/board meetigs, service fairs, oe-o-oe meetigs). Commuity parters provide studets with i-class ad/or o-site orietatio. 8 AACC/Creatig Sustaiable Service Learig Programs

9 Horizos Project Cotacts AACC ecourages readers to use this brief as a resource for plaig ad developig sustaiable service learig programs. Most of the successful strategies used by the Horizos Colleges ca be doe without grat fuds. Service learig practitioers may wish to cotact the followig idividuals project directors, metors, ad key participats i the Horizos project for more iformatio o their particular programs ad strategies. Horizos Colleges KAY ELLINGWOOD Director, WorkReady Ceter Cetury College 3300 Cetury Aveue North White Bear Lake, MN / k.elligwood@cctc.cc.m.us BERYL ODOM ALI/Eglish Istructor Gadsde State Commuity College PO Box 227 Gadsde, AL / bodom@gadsdest.cc.al.us MONTY JOHNSON Buildig Trades ad Service Learig Faculty Coordiator Iowa Wester Commuity College 2700 College Road, Box 4-C Coucil Bluffs, IA / mojohso@iwcc.cc.ia.us SUSAN DENMAN Couselor/Coordiator of Testig Services NorthWest Arkasas Commuity College Oe College Drive Betoville, AR / sdema@wacc.cc.ar.us CAROL JEANDRON Vice Chacellor for Academic Affairs Nuez Commuity College 3710 Paris Road Chalmette, LA / cjeadro@uez.cc.la.us GWEN NYDEN Professor of Sociology Oakto Commuity College 1600 East Golf Road Des Plaies, IL / gyde@oakto.edu CAROLE LESTER Associate Dea, Academic Erichmet Richlad College Abrams Road Dallas, TX / clester@dcccd.edu EMI FREDLUND Couselor Skagit Valley College 2405 East College Way Mout Vero, WA / fredlud@skagit.ctc.edu AACC/Creatig Sustaiable Service Learig Programs 9

10 SILVIA CORNEJO-DARCY Director of Service Learig Programs Southwester College 900 Otay Lakes Road Chula Vista, CA / BARBARA WALLACE Program Director Uiversity College Uiversity of Ciciati Mail Locatio #0047 Ciciati, OH / Horizos Metors RUDY GARCIA Director of Experietial Educatio Albuquerque TVI Commuity College 525 Buea Vista SE Albuquerque, NM / plaet.tvi.cc.m.us/servicelearig MARCIA SHIDELER Service-Learig Coordiator Johso Couty Commuity College College Boulevard Overlad Park, KS / ext HOOVER ZARIANI Director, Service Learig Ceter Gledale Commuity College 1500 North Verdugo Road Gledale, CA / ext slc.htm JOSH YOUNG Director, Ceter for Commuity Ivolvemet Miami-Dade Commuity College 300 NE 2d Aveue, Room 1464 Miami, FL / AACC/Creatig Sustaiable Service Learig Programs

11 Select Refereces America Associatio of Commuity Colleges. Commuity Colleges ad Service Learig Washigto, DC: America Associatio of Commuity Colleges /2000. Commuity College Joural 70(3). Asti, Alexader W., Lori J. Vogelgesag, Elaie K. Ikeda, ad Jeifer A. Yee How Service Learig Affects Studets. Los Ageles: UCLA Higher Educatio Research Istitute. Chuppa-Corell, Kim, ad Chris Schick, eds Small Miracles: Service Learig Essays, Chadler, AZ: Chadler-Gilbert Commuity College. Exley, Robert J Service Learig ad Curricular Itegratio. AACC Service Learig Resource Guide. Washigto, DC: America Associatio of Commuity Colleges. Exley, Robert J., ad David Johso, eds Teachers of Life Learers for Life: Faculty Stories i Service Learig from Miami-Dade Commuity College. Miami: Miami-Dade Commuity College. Eyler, Jaet, ad Dwight E. Giles, Jr Where s the Learig i Service-Learig? Sa Fracisco: Jossey-Bass. Eyler, Jaet, Dwight E. Giles, Jr., ad Agela Schmiede A Practitioer s Guide to Reflectio i Service-Learig: Studet Voices ad Reflectios. Nashville: Vaderbilt Uiversity. Gilso, Joa, ad Na Otteritter The Service Learig Joural: Writig to Lear. AACC Service Learig Resource Guide. Washigto, DC: America Associatio of Commuity Colleges. Jacoby, Barbara, ad Associates Service- Learig i Higher Educatio: Cocepts ad Practices. Sa Fracisco: Jossey-Bass. Kozeracki, Carol A ERIC Review: Service Learig i the Commuity College. Commuity College Review 27(4): Lisma, C. David Itegratig Reflectio o Ethical Issues to Promote Civic Resposibility. AACC Service Learig Resource Guide. Washigto, DC: America Associatio of Commuity Colleges. Parsos, Michael H., ad C. David Lisma, eds Promotig Commuity Reewal Through Civic Literacy ad Service Learig. New Directios for Commuity Colleges, o. 93. Sa Fracisco: Jossey-Bass. Pickeral, Terry, ad Kare Peters, eds Campus Commuity Collaboratios: Examples ad Resources for Commuity Colleges. Mesa, AZ: Campus Compact Natioal Ceter for Commuity Colleges From the Margi to the Maistream: The Faculty Role i Advacig Service-Learig o Commuity Colleges. Mesa, AZ: Campus Compact Natioal Ceter for Commuity Colleges. Robiso, Gail Commuity Colleges Broadeig Horizos through Service Learig, AACC Project Brief. Washigto, DC: America Associatio of Commuity Colleges. Robiso, Gail, ad Ly Barett Service Learig ad Commuity Colleges: Where We Are. AACC Survey Report. Washigto, DC: America Associatio of Commuity Colleges Best Practices i Service Learig: Buildig a Natioal Commuity College Network, AACC Project Brief. Washigto, DC: America Associatio of Commuity Colleges. Zlotkowski, Edward, ed AAHE s Series o Service-Learig i the Disciplies. 18 vols. Washigto, DC: America Associatio for Higher Educatio. AACC/Creatig Sustaiable Service Learig Programs 11

12 Select Electroic Resources America Couts America Reads America Associatio for Higher Educatio America Associatio of Commuity Colleges America s Promise Campus Compact Campus Compact Natioal Ceter for Commuity Colleges Campus Outreach Opportuity League Commuity-Campus Parterships for Health Corporatio for Natioal Service Iteratioal Partership for Service-Learig Ivisible College Lear ad Serve America Traiig ad Techical Assistace Exchage Natioal Service-Learig Clearighouse Poits of Light Foudatio Service-Learig o the World-Wide Web csf.colorado.edu/sl UCLA Service-Learig Clearighouse Project Thaks to CNS program officers Amy Cohe ad Jodi Raybuck; ad to Bob Exley, Ly Barett, Charice Morga, ad Horizos participats for cotributig to this publicatio. This material is based upo work supported by the Corporatio for Natioal Service uder Lear ad Serve America Grat Number 97LHEDC001. Opiios or poits of view expressed i this documet are those of the author ad do ot ecessarily reflect the official positio of the Corporatio or the Lear ad Serve America program. FOR MORE INFORMATION ON THE HORIZONS PROJECT, CONTACT: GAIL ROBINSON Coordiator of Service Learig America Associatio of Commuity Colleges Oe Dupot Circle, NW, Suite 410 Washigto, DC Phoe: 202/ ext. 254 Fax: 202/ grobiso@aacc.che.edu Web: TO ORDER MORE COPIES OF THIS HORIZONS PROJECT BRIEF, CONTACT: Commuity College Press P.O. Box 311 Aapolis Juctio, MD Phoe: 800/ Fax: 301/ aaccpub@pmds.com Order #1529 Briefs are sold i packs of 20 for $ America Associatio of Commuity Colleges. Photocopyig for educatioal ad iformatio purposes is permitted.